Chapter 09

9/21/2011
Chapter 9
Networks and Communications Objectives Overview
Discuss the purpose of the

List advantages of using a
components required for
Describe the uses of network, and differentiate
successful communications
computer communications among LANs, MANs, and
and identify various sending
WANs
and receiving devices
Discovering
Differentiate between
client/server and peer-to- Differentiate among a star Describe the various
Computers 2012
peer networks, and network, bus network, and network communications
describe how a P2P ring network standards
network works
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World
See Page 459 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 2

for Detailed Objectives
Objectives Overview Communications
• Computer communications describes a process in

Describe various types which two or more computers or devices transfer
Explain the purpose of Describe commonly
of lines for data, instructions, and information
communications used communications
communications over
software devices
the telephone network
Discuss different ways Describe various Communications

Sending device Receiving device
to set up a home physical and wireless channel
network transmission media
See Page 459 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 3 Page 460 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 4
for Detailed Objectives
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Communications Uses of Computer Communications
Blogs Chat rooms E-mail Fax
Instant
FTP Internet Newsgroups
messaging
Video
RSS VoIP Web
conferencing
Web 2.0 Web folders Wikis
Pages 460 – 461 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 5 Page 462 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 6
Figure 9-1
Uses of Computer Communications Uses of Computer Communications
• Users can send and receive wireless messages Text messaging (SMS) allows users to send and receive short
using wireless messaging services text messages on a phone or other mobile device or computer
Picture messaging allows users to send pictures and sound files
Video messaging allows users to send short video clips
Wireless instant messaging allows wireless users to exchange

real-time messages with one or more other users
Pages 462 – 463 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 7 Pages 463 - 464 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 8
Figure 9-3
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• Wireless Internet access points allow people to connect • A cybercafé is a coffeehouse, restaurant, or other
wirelessly to the Internet from home, work, school, and location that provides personal computers with
in many public locations Internet access to its customers
Figure 9-4 Figure 9-5
• A global positioning system (GPS) is a navigation system

that consists of one or more earth-based receivers that
accept and analyze signals sent by satellites in order to
determine the GPS receiver’s geographic location
• GPS receivers are:
Built into Available as a

Available with
many mobile handheld
new vehicles
devices device
Page 466 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 11 Page 467 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 12
Figure 9-6
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Groupware Voice mail • Many programs provide a means to collaborate, or work

online, with other users connected to a server
• Helps groups of people work • Allows someone to leave a
together on projects and voice message for one or • Collaboration software includes tools that enable users to
share information over a more people share documents via online meetings and communicate
network • Computer in voice mail with other connected users
• Component of workgroup system converts an analog
computing voice message into digital
• Major feature is group form Document
scheduling • A voice mailbox is a storage Online Web
management
location on a hard disk in the meetings conferences
voice mail system
systems
• Web services enable

programmers to create
applications that
communicate with other
remote computers over
the Internet or on an
internal business network
• A mashup is a Web
application that combines
services from two or
more sources
Page 468 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 15 Page 469 16

Figure 9-7 Figure 9-8 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9
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Networks Networks
• A network is a collection of computers and

devices connected together via communications
devices and transmission media
• Advantages of a network include:
Facilitating Sharing Sharing data
communications hardware and information
Sharing Transferring
software funds
Pages 470 - 471 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 17 Page 470 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 18
Figure 9-9
Networks Networks
• A local area network • A metropolitan area network (MAN) connects

(LAN) is a network that LANs in a metropolitan area
connects computers
and devices in a limited • A wide area network (WAN)
geographical area is a network that covers a
• A wireless LAN (WLAN) large geographical area
is a LAN that uses no
physical wires
Page 472 19 Page 473 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 20

Figures 9-10 – 9-11 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 Figure 9-12
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Networks Networks
• The design of computers, devices, and media on a • P2P describes an Internet network on which users
network is sometimes called the network architecture access each other’s hard disks and exchange files
Client/server network Peer-to-peer network directly over the Internet
Figures 9-13 – 9-14 Figure 9-15
Networks Networks
• A network topology refers to the layout of the computers

and devices in a communications network
Star network Bus network Ring network

An intranet is an An extranet allows
internal network customers or
that uses Internet suppliers to access
technologies part of its intranet
Figures 9-16 – 9-18
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Network Communications Standards Network Communications Standards
Token
Ethernet TCP/IP Wi-Fi Ethernet is a network standard that specifies no computer
ring controls when data can be transmitted
The token ring standard specifies that computers and

Bluetooth UWB IrDA RFID devices on the network share or pass a special signal (token)
TCP/IP is a network standard that defines how messages are

WiMAX WAP routed from one end of a network to another
• Wi-Fi identifies any

network based on the
802.11 standard that
facilitates wireless
communication
• Sometimes referred to
as wireless Ethernet

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9
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• Bluetooth defines how two Bluetooth devices use short-

range radio waves to transmit data
• UWB (ultra-wideband) specifies how two UWB devices use
short-range radio waves to communicate at high speeds
• IrDA transmits data wirelessly via infrared (IR) light waves
• RFID uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in
or attached to an object, animal, or person
Pages 480 - 481 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 29 Page 481 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 30
Figure 9-21
Network Communications Standards Communications Software
Wireless Application • Communications software consists of programs

WiMAX (802.16)
Protocol (WAP) that:
• Developed by IEEE • Specifies how some mobile Help users establish Manage the
devices can display the a connection to transmission of
• Towers can cover a 30-mile
content of Internet services another computer data, instructions,
radius
or network and information
• Two types are fixed • Web
wireless and mobile • E-mail
wireless • Chat rooms Provide an
• Provides wireless interface for users
• Uses a client/server
broadband Internet access to communicate
network
with one another
8
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Communications Over Communications Over

the Telephone Network the Telephone Network
• The public switched telephone network (PSTN) is Dial-up Dedicated
the worldwide telephone system ISDN line
lines line
T-carrier
DSL FTTP
line
ATM
Pages 482 – 483 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 33 Pages 483 - 485 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 34
Figure 9-23
Communications Over Communications Over

the Telephone Network the Telephone Network
• ADSL connections transmit data downstream at a
much faster rate than upstream
9
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Communications Devices Communications Devices
• A communications device is any type of hardware • A digital modem sends and receives data and
capable of transmitting data, instructions, and information to and from a digital line
information between a sending device and a
receiving device
• A dial-up modem converts signals between analog DSL Cable
and digital modem modem
• A wireless modem uses the cell phone network to

connect to the Internet wirelessly from a
notebook computer, a smart phone, or other
mobile device

Figures 9-26 – 9-27 Figure 9-28
10
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• A network card enables • A wireless access point is a central communications

a computer or device to device that allows computers and devices to transfer data
access a network wirelessly among themselves or to a wired network
• Available in a variety of
styles
• Wireless network cards
often have an antenna

• A router connects • A hub or switch connects several devices in a

multiple computers or network together
other routers together
and transmits data to its
correct destination on a
network
• Many are protected by
a hardware firewall
Page 488 43 Pages 488 – 489 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 44

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Home Networks Home Networks
• Home networks provide computers with the • Types of wired home networks:
following capabilities:
Ethernet Powerline cable
Connect to the Share a single high- Access files and
Internet at the speed Internet programs on other Share peripherals
same time connection computers
Connect game
Play multiplayer Subscribe to and
consoles to the
games
Internet
use VoIP
Phoneline
Home Networks Communications Channel

• The amount of data that
can travel over a
communications channel
sometimes is called the
bandwidth
• Latency is the time it takes a
signal to travel from one
location to another on a
network
• Transmission media carries
one or more signals
• Broadband media transmit
multiple signals
simultaneously

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Physical Transmission Media Physical Transmission Media

Twisted-pair cable
Fiber-optic cable
Coaxial cable
Figure 9-35 Figures 9-36 – 9-38
Wireless Transmission Media Wireless Transmission Media
• Cellular radio is a form of broadcast radio that is

used widely for mobile communications
Page 494 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 51 Pages 494 - 495 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 52
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Wireless Transmission Media Wireless Transmission Media
• Microwaves are radio waves that provide a high- • A communications

speed signal transmission satellite is a space
station that receives
microwave signals from
an earth-based station,
amplifies it, and
broadcasts the signal
over a wide area

Video: Got Your Video Right Here Summary
Overview of
How to join
communications
computers into a
terminology and
network
applications
Various
communications
devices, media,
CLICK TO START
and procedures
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 55 Page 497 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 56
14
9/21/2011
Chapter 9
Networks and Communications
Discovering
Computers 2012
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World
Chapter 9 Complete
15

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9/21/2011

Discuss the purpose of the

See Page 459 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 2

Objectives Overview Communications

• Computer communications describes a process in

Discuss different ways Describe various Communications

Communications Uses of Computer Communications

Blogs Chat rooms E-mail Fax

Web 2.0 Web folders Wikis

Uses of Computer Communications Uses of Computer Communications

Picture messaging allows users to send pictures and sound files

Video messaging allows users to send short video clips

Wireless instant messaging allows wireless users to exchange

Uses of Computer Communications Uses of Computer Communications

Uses of Computer Communications Uses of Computer Communications

• A global positioning system (GPS) is a navigation system

Built into Available as a

Uses of Computer Communications Uses of Computer Communications

Groupware Voice mail • Many programs provide a means to collaborate, or work

Uses of Computer Communications Uses of Computer Communications

• Web services enable

Page 468 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 15 Page 469 16

• A network is a collection of computers and

• A local area network • A metropolitan area network (MAN) connects

Page 472 19 Page 473 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 20

• A network topology refers to the layout of the computers

Star network Bus network Ring network

Network Communications Standards Network Communications Standards

The token ring standard specifies that computers and

TCP/IP is a network standard that defines how messages are

Network Communications Standards Network Communications Standards

• Wi-Fi identifies any

Page 479 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 27 Page 479 28

Network Communications Standards Network Communications Standards

• Bluetooth defines how two Bluetooth devices use short-

Network Communications Standards Communications Software

Wireless Application • Communications software consists of programs

Communications Over Communications Over

Communications Over Communications Over

Communications Devices Communications Devices

Communications Devices Communications Devices

• A wireless modem uses the cell phone network to

Page 486 39 Page 487 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 40

Communications Devices Communications Devices

• A network card enables • A wireless access point is a central communications

Page 487 41 Page 487 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 42

Communications Devices Communications Devices

• A router connects • A hub or switch connects several devices in a

Page 488 43 Pages 488 – 489 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 44

Home Networks Home Networks

Home Networks Communications Channel

Page 490 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 47 Page 491 48

Physical Transmission Media Physical Transmission Media

Wireless Transmission Media Wireless Transmission Media

• Cellular radio is a form of broadcast radio that is

Wireless Transmission Media Wireless Transmission Media

• Microwaves are radio waves that provide a high- • A communications

Page 496 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 9 53 Page 496 54

Video: Got Your Video Right Here Summary

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