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Sedmac Latest 1202

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Rmcs flkule cs ckt`kb`b ls
lk ckgirfltcik jucb` gir
ip`rltckj T@B@FLD's
JD<>?</?>/?4 j`ks`t
Email diktriee`r . 

FLKPLE GI^ Bid #T@B-FLK-JD<>?]-??> 

JD<>?</?>/?41
Did you find this document useful?
Blt`1 <2-Fly->?<= 

J@KT@R
DIKR^IEE@^
_ribudt Flkule W`rscik #?.?? 
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T@B@FLD

Tlg`ty Ckstrudtciks 

J`k`rle Ckstrudtciks 
✔  Rmcs biduf`kt ckdeub`s cfpirtlkt ckstrudtciks tmlt smiueb n` gieeiw`b burckj ckstleeltcik lkb
flckt`klkd` ig tm` j`k`rltir s`t diktriee`r. 
✔  Gir slg`ty r`lsiks, tm` flkugldtur`r r`diff`kbs tmlt tmcs `qucpf`kt n` ckstlee`b lkb s`rvcd`b ny lk

lutmircz`b s`rvcd` p`rsikk`e. Gieeiw lee lppecdlne` stlt` lkb eidle `e`dtrcdle dib`s. 
✔  @ggcdc`kt lkb slg` ip`rltcik ig tm` diktriee`r dlk n` ldqucr`b ikey cg tm` `qucpf`kt cs dirr`dtey

ip`rlt`b, dikgcjur`b lkb flcktlck`b.

*Flky lddcb`kts lrcs` bu` ti cjkirlkd` ir ceect`rldy tiwlrbs tm` `e`f`ktle rue`s ig slg`ty lkb
 pr`dlutciks. 

Rm` gieeiwckj slg`ty kitltciks giukb tmriujmiut tmcs biduf`kt ckbcdlt` pit`ktcleey mlzlrbius dikbctciks
ti tm` ip`rltir, s`rvcd` p`rsikk`e ir tm` `qucpf`kt. 

•   Mcjmecjmts lk `ss`ktcle `e`f`kt ig l prid`bur` ti `ksur` dirr`dtk`ss 

•  Ckbcdlt`s l prid`bur` ir prldtcd`, wmcdm diueb r`suet ck blflj` ir

b`strudtcik ig `qucpf`kt, cg kit gieeiw`b strcdtey 

•  Ckbcdlt`s l prid`bur` ir prldtcd`, wmcdm diueb r`suet ck ckaurckj

p`rsikk`e ir eiss ig ecg`, cg kit gieeiw`b dirr`dtey 

@e`dtrcdle Tlg`ty  
✔  @e`dtrcd smidh dlk dlus` s`v`r` p`rsikle ckaury ir b`ltm. 
✔  @ksur` tm` j`k`rltir s`t fust n` jriukb`b n`gir` p`rgirfckj lky ckstleeltcik ir s`rvcd`. 
✔  J`k`rltirs pribud` mcjm `e`dtrcdle vietlj`s, bcr`dt diktldt wctm ct dlk dlus` gltle `e`dtrcdle smidh.

_r`v`kt diktldt wctm t`rfckles, nlr` wcr`s, dikk`dtciks, `td., wmce` tm` j`k`rltir lkb r`elt`b
`qucpf`kt lr` rukkckj. Bi kit tlfp`r wctm ckt`reidhs. 
✔  Ri mlkbe` tm` flxcfuf `e`dtrcdle durr`kt, scz`s ig wcr` jluj` us`b gir `e`dtrcdle dikk`dtciks lkb

wcrckjs fust n` lppriprclt` ti wmcdm tm`y wcee n` suna`dt`b ti. 

Ck Ip`rltcik Tlg`ty  
✔  N`gir` ckstleeckj j`ks`t diktriee`r, `ksur` tmlt lee piw`r vietlj` suppec`s lr` pisctcv`ey turk`b igg lt
tm`cr siurd`. Bcsdikk`dt tm` j`k`rltir–s nltt`ry dlne`s lkb r`fiv` plk`e gus` ti pr`v`kt lddcb`ktle
stlrt up. Bcsdikk`dt tm` dlne` grif tm` nltt`ry pist, ckbcdlt`b ny l K@JLRCW@, K@J, ir (—) gcrst.
^`dikk`dt tm` k`jltcv` dlne` elst. Glceur` ti bi si wcee r`suet ck mlzlrbius lkb pisscney gltle `e`dtrcdle
smidh. 
✔  ^`fiv` `e`dtrcd piw`r suppey n`gir` r`fivckj diktriee`r ir tiudmckj itm`r `e`dtrcdle plrts.
✔  Ps` `xtr`f` dlutcik wm`k wirhckj ik `e`dtrcdle difpik`kts. Mcjm vietlj` dlk dlus` ckaury ir b`ltm.
✔  Ps` runn`r cksueltcv` flts peld`b ik bry wiib peltgirfs iv`r geiirs tmlt lr` f`tle ir dikdr`t` wm`k
wirhckj k`lr j`k`rltir s`t ir itm`r `e`dtrcdle `qucpf`kt.
✔  Bi kit w`lr blfp deitmckj (plrtcduelrey w`t smi`s) ir leeiw shck surgld` ti n` blfp wm`k mlkbeckj
`e`dtrcdle `qucpf`kt.
✔  Bi kit ip`rlt` lky `e`dtrcdle b`vcd` ir wcr`s wmce` stlkbckj ck wlt`r, wmce` nlr`giit, ir wmce` mlkbs ir
g``t lr` w`t. Ct fly r`suet ck s`v`r` `e`dtrcdle smidh. 

_lj` | c

 
T@B@FLD
✔  Bi kit w`lr a`w`ee`ry. A`w`ee`ry dlk dlus` l smirt dcrduct wctmck `e`dtrcdle diktldts lkb dlus` smidh
ir nurkckj. 
✔  Ck dls` ig lk lddcb`kt dlus`b ny `e`dtrcd smidh, cff`bclt`ey smut biwk tm` `e`dtrcdle piw`r siurd`. Cg

tmcs cs kit pisscne`, try ti r`e`ls` tm` vcdtcf grif tm` ecv` dikbudtir.Lvicb bcr`dt diktldt wctm tm`
vcdtcf. Ps` l kikdikbudtckj ina`dt, ech`, l rip` ir wiib`k stcdh, ti r`e`ls` tm` vcdtcf grif tm` ecv`
dikbudtir. Cg tm` vcdtcf cs ukdiksdcius, lppey gcrst lcb lkb j`t cff`bclt` f`bcdle m`ep. 

_lj` | cc

 
T@B@FLD

Ecst ig Lnnr`vcltcik 

Rmcs ecst diktlcks tm` ecst ig ldrikyfs us`b ck tmcs biduf`kt lkb ct dlk n` us`b ti r`g`r tm`cr
r`sp`dtcv` b`sdrcptcik. Rmcs ecst bi`s kit diktlck ukcts ig f`lsur`. 

Ldrikyf  B`sdrcptcik 
 LD   Let`rkltckj Durr`kt 
 LER   Let`rkltir  
 LFG   Luti Flcks Glceur` 
 LP]   Luxceclry 
DMJ  Dmlrjckj 
DHR  Dcrduct 
DR Durr`kt Rrlksgirf`r
BD  Bcr`dt Durr`kt 
BJ  Bc`s`e J`k`rltir  
BCJ CK  Bcjctle Ckput 
@KJ R@F_  @kjck` R`fp`rltur` 
JDP  J`ks`t Diktrie Pkct 
J`ks`t  J`k`rltir T`t 
JKB  Jriukb 
MFC  Muflk Fldmck` Ckt`rgld` 
MTB  Mcjm Tcb` Brcv`r  
MZR  Mcjm Zlt`r R`fp`rltur` 
EDB  Ecqucb Drystle Bcspely 
E@B  Ecjmt @fcttckj Bcib` 
EEI_  Eiw Eun` Ice _r`ssur` 
EI_  Eun` Ice _r`ssur` 
EWE  E`v`e 
FD_  Flkule Diktrie _lk`e 
F_P  Fljk`tcd _cdhup Pkct 
IW  Iv`r Wietlj` 
_CB  _ripirtcikle Ckt`jrle B`rcvltcv` 
_ZF  _ues` Zcbtm Fibueltcik 
^FT  ^iit F`lk Tqulr` 
^IR  ^itltcik 
^_F  ^`vieutciks _`r Fckut` 
^-S-N  ^`b-S`eeiw-Neu` 
TD_  T`ksir Diffik _ickt 
TE_  Te``p 
TFB  Ttlt` Fldmck` Bcljrlf 
R@F_  R`fp`rltur` 
PTN  Pkcv`rsle T`rcle Nus 
PW  Pkb`r Wietlj` 

_lj` | ccc

 
T@B@FLD

Rlne` ig ikt`kts
<  Cktribudtcik  ..........................................................................................................................< 
<.<  H`y Mcjmecjmts ig tm` _ribudt  ..........................................................................................< 
4 
Tp`dcgcdltciks  ......................................................................................................................
>.<  R`rfckles  .........................................................................................................................4 
>.>  _iw`r Tuppey Tp`dcgcdltciks  ...........................................................................................2 
>.4  J`ks`t Wietlj`s lkb Gr`qu`kdy F`lsur`f`kts  ............................................................2 
>.2  Eilb Durr`kt F`lsur`f`kts........................................................................................... 0 
>.0  Flcks Wietlj` lkb Gr`qu`kdy F`lsur`f`kts  ................................................................0 
>.7  Bcjctle Ckputs  ...................................................................................................................7 
>.:   Lkleij ^`scstcv` T`ksir Ckputs  ......................................................................................7 
>.=  Fljk`tcd _cdh Pp Ckputs  .................................................................................................: 
>.3  Bcjctle Iutputs  .................................................................................................................: 
>.<?   Ldtultir Iutputs  ..........................................................................................................: 
>.<<  B+ DMJ LER  ................................................................................................................= 
>.<>  T`ksir Diffik _ickt  .................................................................................................= 
>.<4  B``p Te``p Fib` G`ltur`  ...........................................................................................3 
Diffukcdltcik _irts  .........................................................................................................3 
Ckstleeltcik  ..........................................................................................................................<? 
2.<  Bcf`ksciks  ...................................................................................................................<? 
2.>  Fiuktckj ik plk`e  .........................................................................................................<< 
2.4  R`rfckle B`sdrcptcik  ......................................................................................................<> 
2.2  Rypcdle Zcrckj Bcljrlf  .................................................................................................<2 
Fibue` Bcspely  ..................................................................................................................<: 
0.<  Fikctirckj Fib`  ...........................................................................................................<: 
B`sdrcptcik ig Diktrie h`ys  ..............................................................................................>? 
Dikgcjurltcik Fib`  ...........................................................................................................>? 
:.<  Ecst ig Dikgcjurlne` _lrlf`t`rs  ....................................................................................>< 
:.>  Bcjctle Ckput Tiurd`s T`e`dtcik  .....................................................................................>7 
:.4  Bcjctle Iutput Tiurd` T`e`dtcik  ....................................................................................>7 
Fibue` Ip`rltcik  ..............................................................................................................>= 
=.<   Luti Fib`  .....................................................................................................................>= 
Fibue` ip`rltcik ck Flkule Diktrie Fib`  .....................................................................4< 
3.<  Ttlrtckj tm` @kjck`  ........................................................................................................4< 
3.>  Ttippckj tm` @kjck`  ......................................................................................................4< 
3.4   Ldhkiwe`bjckj tm` Lelrfs  ............................................................................................4> 
3.2  De`lrckj tm` Lelrfs  .......................................................................................................4> 
3.0   Ldd`ssckj @v`kt Eij  .....................................................................................................44 
_lj` | cv

 
T@B@FLD

_lrlee`eckj Fib`  ................................................................................................................44 

<?.<  _lrlee`eckj dikd`pt  .....................................................................................................44 
<?.>  _lrlee`eckj fib` ck JD<>?</?>/?4  ............................................................................42 
Lelrfs  ................................................................................................................................47 
<<.<  Tmutbiwk/@e`dtrcdle trcp lelrfs  ..................................................................................47 
<<.>  Zlrkckj lelrfs  ..........................................................................................................4: 
<<.4  Kitcgcdltciks Lelrf  .....................................................................................................4= 
Rriune`smiitckj  .................................................................................................................43 
Cktribudtcik ti Diffukcdltcik _ritidie  ........................................................................2> 
FIBNPT Nls`b _ritidie  .................................................................................................2> 
<2.<  Dikk`dtcik B`tlces  .....................................................................................................2> 
<2.>  ^`jcst`r Flp  .............................................................................................................22 
_ritidie gir JTF Diffukcdltcik Rmriujm @xt`rkle Fib`f  .......................................23 
<0.<  Dikk`dtcik B`tlces  .....................................................................................................23 
<0.>   Lelrf F`sslj`s  ........................................................................................................23 
<0.4  Difflkb F`sslj`s  .................................................................................................0< 
04 
Kit`s  .........................................................................................................................................

_lj` | v

 
T@B@FLD

Ecst ig Gcjur`s
Gcjur` <1 JD<>?</?>/?4 j`ks`t diktriee`r's grikt glsdcl  ..............................................................> 
Gcjur` >1 Dikk`dtirs ig 0.?= ff pctdm  ........................................................................................4 
Gcjur` 41 Dikk`dtirs ig 4.0 ff pctdm  ..........................................................................................4 
Gcjur` 21 TD_ dikk`dtcik  ............................................................................................................7 
Gcjur` 01 T@B@FLD's Ldtultir dikk`dtir pck iut (vc`w`b grif tm` wcr` cks`rtcik scb`) .............: 
Gcjur` 71 Bcf`ksciks ig tm` JD<>?</?>/?4 j`ks`t diktriee`r   ....................................................<? 
Gcjur` :1 Gcxckj decp lkb sdr`w suppec`b leikj wctm diktriee`r   ....................................................<< 
Gcjur` =1 Diktriee`r fiuktckj ik tm` plk`e usckj tm` gcxckj decps  ...............................................<< 
Gcjur` 31 JD<>?</?>/?4 j`ks`t diktriee`r grif nldhscb`  ..........................................................<> 
Gcjur` <?1 JD<>?</?>/?4 j`ks`t diktriee`r wm`k us`b ck tm` flkule diktrie plk`e .................<2 
Gcjur` <<1 JD<>?</?>/?4 piw`r dcrduct (us`b ck tm` Luti Flcks Glceur` Fib`) .........................<0 
Gcjur` <>1 JD<>?</?>/?4 diktrie dcrduct (us`b ck tm` Luti Flcks Glceur` fib`) .......................<7 
Gcjur` <41 Diktrie h`ys gukdtcik  .................................................................................................>? 
Gcjur` <21 Dikgcjurltcik fib` sdr``k  .......................................................................................>? 
Gcjur` <01 Dikgcjurltcik fib` lutm`ktcdltcik plj` sdr``k  .......................................................>< 
Gcjur` <71 _cdtircle r`g`r`kd` ig `kt`rckj luti fib`  .................................................................>3 
Gcjur` <:1 Flcks fikctirckj sdr``k  ...........................................................................................4? 
Gcjur` <=1 Bcjctle ckput sdr``k  ....................................................................................................4? 
Gcjur` <31 _cdtircle r`g`r`kd` ig stlrtckj tm` `kjck`  ...................................................................4< 
Gcjur` >?1 _cdtircle r`g`r`kd` ig stippckj tm` `kjck`  .................................................................4< 
Gcjur` ><1 _cdtircle r`g`r`kd` ig ldhkiwe`bjckj tm` lelrf .........................................................4> 
Gcjur` >>1 _cdtircle r`g`r`kd` ig de`lrckj tm` lelrfs  ..................................................................4> 
Gcjur` >41 _cdtircle r`g`r`kd` ig ldd`ssckj `v`kt eij  .................................................................44 
Gcjur` >21 _lrlee`eckj ig j`ks`t  ..................................................................................................42 
Gcjur` >01 Lkleij vietlj` ckput t`rfckle ig JD<>?</?>/?4  ........................................................40 
Gcjur` >71 J`k`rle _CB plrlee`eckj sdr``k  .................................................................................40 
Gcjur` >:1 J`k`rle _CB csidmrikius sdr``k  ..............................................................................40 
Gcjur` >=1 J`k`rle _CB briip sdr``k......................................................................................... 47 

_lj` | vc

 
T@B@FLD

Ecst ig Rlne`s
Rlne` <1 0.?= ff pctdm dikk`dtir b`tlces  .....................................................................................4 
Rlne` >1 4.0 ff pctdm dikk`dtir b`tlces  .......................................................................................4 
Rlne` 41 _iw`r suppey sp`dcgcdltciks  ............................................................................................2 
Rlne` 21 J`ks`t vietlj` lkb gr`qu`kdy f`lsur`f`kts  ...............................................................2 
Rlne` 01 Eilb durr`kt f`lsur`f`kts  ...........................................................................................0 
Rlne` 71 Flcks vietlj` lkb gr`qu`kdy f`lsur`f`kts  .................................................................0 
Rlne` :1 Bcjctle ckputs  ...................................................................................................................7 
Rlne` =1 Lkleij r`scstcv` s`ksir ckputs  ........................................................................................7 
Rlne` 31 Fljk`tcd pcdhup ckputs  ...................................................................................................: 
Rlne` <?1 Bcjctle iutputs  ...............................................................................................................: 
Rlne` <<1 Ldtultir iutputs  ............................................................................................................: 
Rlne` <>1 Ldtultir dikk`dtir pck iut b`tlces  .................................................................................= 
Rlne` <41 B+ DMJ LER  .................................................................................................................= 
Rlne` <21 T`ksir diffik pickt  ...................................................................................................= 
Rlne` <01 Diffukcdltcik pirts  ....................................................................................................3 
Rlne` <71 B`tlces ig JD<>?</?>/?4 t`rfckles  .............................................................................<> 
Rlne` <:1 Tdr``ks ig `kjck` stltus lkb ip`rltckj fib`............................................................ <: 
Rlne` <=1 Dikgcjurlne` plrlf`t`rs  ............................................................................................>< 
Rlne` <31 Bcjctle ckput siurd`s s`e`dtcik  ....................................................................................>7 
Rlne` >?1 EI_ s`ksir dlecnrltcik................................................................................................ >7 
Rlne` ><1 @kjck` t`fp`rltur` s`ksir dlecnrltcik  .......................................................................>7 
Rlne` >>1 Gu`e e`v`e s`ksir dlecnrltcik  .......................................................................................>7 
Rlne` >41 Bcjctle iutput siurd` s`e`dtcik  ....................................................................................>: 
Rlne` >21 Jiv`rkckj fib` s`e`dtcik  ..........................................................................................>= 
Rlne` >01 Tmutbiwk lelrfs  ........................................................................................................47 
Rlne` >71 @e`dtrcdle trcp lelrfs  ...................................................................................................4: 
Rlne` >:1 Zlrkckj lelrfs  ...........................................................................................................4: 
Rlne` >=1 Kitcgcdltcik lelrfs  ......................................................................................................4= 
Rlne` >31 Diffik gluets lkb tm`cr r`f`bcle ldtciks  ..................................................................43 
Rlne` 4?1Difflkb grif FIBNPT flst`r gir Gukdtcik 2 .........................................................2> 
Rlne` 4<1 Kirfle r`spiks` grif j`ks`t diktriee`r selv` gir Gukdtcik 2 .....................................2> 
Rlne` 4>1 Difflkb grif FIBNPT flst`r gir Gukdtcik <7 ......................................................24 
_lj` | vcc

 
T@B@FLD

Rlne` 441 Kirfle r`spiks` grif j`ks`t diktriee`r selv` gir Gukdtcik <7 ...................................24 
Rlne` 421 Difflkb grif FIBNPT flst`r gir Gukdtcik 4 ........................................................ 24 
Rlne` 401 Kirfle r`spiks` grif j`ks`t diktriee`r selv` gir Gukdtcik 4 .....................................22 
Rlne` 471 ^`jcst`r flp gir ckput r`jcst`rs  ..................................................................................22 
Rlne` 4:1 ^`jcst`r flp gir miebckj r`jcst`rs  ..............................................................................2= 
Rlne` 4=1 Ckt`rpr`tltcik ig lelrf stltus r`suets  ...........................................................................2= 
Rlne` 431 Lelrf f`sslj` b`tlces  ................................................................................................23 
Rlne` 2?1 Difflkb-r`spiks` strudtur` gir stlrt/stip difflkbs  .............................................0< 
Rlne` 2<1 Difflkb-r`spiks` strudtur` gir stltus difflkb  ....................................................0> 

_lj` | vccc

 
T@B@FLD

< Cktribudtcik 
Rmcs biduf`kt pr`s`kts ckgirfltcik k`d`sslry gir ip`rltckj T@B@FLD's JD<>?</?>/?4 j`ks`t
diktriee`rs (r`g`rr`b ti ls JD<>?</?>/?4 gurtm`r ck tm` biduf`kt). 
T@B@FLD JD<>?</?>/?4 cs l fib`rk lkb g`ltur` rcdm j`ks`t diktriee`rs wctm us`r-grc`kbey MFC lkb
guee jrlpmcds EDB. Rm` JD<>?</?>/?4 diktriee`r dif` nukbe`b wctm mcjmey v`rsltce` sigtwlr` &
`xt`kscv` C/I's lkb tm`r`ny suppirt l wcb` vlrc`ty ig ckbustry stlkblrb g`ltur`s ck bc`s`e/jlsieck`
`kjck` j`ks`ts. Rm` JD<>?</?>/?4 diktriee`r cs l sflrt sigtwlr` wmcdm igg`rs ge`xcncecty ti dikgcjur`
`ldm ckbcvcbule ckput lkb bcjctle iutput gir l sp`dcgcd gukdtcik ir lppecdltcik. 
JD<>?</?>/?4 lesi igg`rs ukcqu` g`ltur`s sudm ls `e`dtrikcd jiv`rkckj gir `kjck`s wctm f`dmlkcdle
gu`e syst`fs. Zctm l T@B@FLD ritlry ldtultir ls lk lbb-ik gir lcr/gu`e dmlrj` diktrie, tm`
JD<>?</?>/?4 diktriee`r dlk sunsuf` tm` `e`dtrikcd jiv`rkckj buty gir tm` `kjck` lkb igg`r tcjmt
sp``b jiv`rkckj p`rgirflkd` wctmck CTI =0>=1 J4 delss ecfcts. 
Rm` piw`rgue L^F fcdriprid`ssir diktlck`b wctmck tm` fibue` leeiws gir ckdirpirltcik ig l rlkj` ig
difpe`x g`ltur`s1 
•  Rru` ^FT vietlj`, durr`kt fikctirckj
•  @e`dtrikcd jiv`rkckj, plrlee`eckj, JTF
•  PTN, ^T2=0 diffukcdltciks
•  @kjck` plrlf`t`r fikctirckj.
•  Gueey dikgcjurlne` ckputs lkb iutputs gir l rlkj` ig gukdtciks.
Rm` JD<>?</?>/?4 dlk n` dikgcjur`b tmriujm T@B@FLD's elptip/b`shtip utcecty, klf`b ls
T@B@FLD's Tflrt Dikgcj. ^`g`r ti tm` T@B@FLD's Tflrt Dikgcj Flkule gir fir` ckgirfltcik lniut
tm` T@B@FLD's Tflrt Dikgcj. Lesi, tm` us`r dlk dikgcjur` lee plrlf`t`rs usckj tm` h`yplb ig tm`
j`ks`t diktriee`r. 

<.< H`y Mcjmecjmts ig tm` _ribudt 

•  LFG, flkule lkb r`fit` stlrt / stip fib`s gir <-pm & 4-pm j`ks`ts/flcks
•  Ptcecty hZm f`lsur`f`kt
•  _D dikk`dtcvcty vcl PTN pirt, ^T2=0
•  ^`le tcf` deidh
•  JTF dikk`dtcvcty
•  Gu`e tm`gt lelrf
•  ^_F s`ksckj usckj flcks let`rkltir gr`qu`kdy, F_P, Z-pickt
•  4? `v`kt eijs
•  Nldhect lkb guee jrlpmcds bcspely wctm piw`r slvckj g`ltur`

_lj` | <

 
T@B@FLD

Gcjur` <1 JD<>?</?>/?4 j`ks`t diktriee`r's grikt glsdcl  

_lj` | >

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T@B@FLD

Tp`dcgcdltciks 

>.< R`rfckles 
JD<>?</?>/?4 diktriee`r mist twi typ`s ig dikk`dtirs ls smiwk ck Gcjur` > lkb Gcjur` 4 jcv`k n`eiw1 

0.?= ff pctdm dikk`dtir

> Tq. ff wcr` cs suctlne` gir tmcs typ` ig dikk`dtir. 

Gcjur` >1 Dikk`dtirs ig 0.?= ff pctdm  

Rlne` <1 0.?= ff pctdm dikk`dtir b`tlces
Fle` (Ik j`ks`t
G`fle` (Fltckj) 
Dikk`dtir typ`/ diktriee`r) 
\ulktcty 
Flkugldtur`r   _mi`kcx 
(_mi`kcx Diktldt (C) _vt. Etb.) 
>-_ck  022:404  022<3=?  < 
2-_ck  02:2>:2  0204233  > 

4.0 ff pctdm dikk`dtir

?.0 ti <.0 Tq. ff wcr` cs suctlne` gir tmcs typ` ig dikk`dtir. 

Gcjur` 41 Dikk`dtirs ig 4.0 ff pctdm  

Rlne` >1 4.0 ff pctdm dikk`dtir b`tlces
Fle` (Ik j`ks`t
G`fle` (Fltckj) 
Dikk`dtir typ`/ diktriee`r) 
\ulktcty 
Flkugldtur`r   _mi`kcx 
(_mi`kcx Diktldt (C) _vt. Etb.) 
2-_ck  022<>32  022<>>4  > 
7-_ck  022<4<:  022<>23  < 
=-_ck  022<4>?  022<>0>  < 
<?-_ck  022437>  022:07?  < 

_lj` | 4

 
T@B@FLD

>.> _iw`r Tuppey Tp`dcgcdltciks 

Gieeiwckj tlne` jcv`s l nrc`g iv`rvc`w ig piw`r suppey sp`dcgcdltciks 
Rlne` 41 _iw`r suppey sp`dcgcdltciks
Diktriee`r's t`rfckle
<, > (Jriukb lkb Nltt`ry pisctcv` r`sp`dtcv`ey) 
kufn`r  
Tuppey vietlj` rlkj`  = ti 4> W-BD (Tuctlne` gir <>/>2 W-BD syst`f) 
Drlkhckj brip iut
0? fT 
p`rcib 
Flxcfuf r`v`rs`
-4> W-BD 
vietlj` 
Nltt`ry vietlj`
¼< % guee sdle` 
f`lsur`f`kt lddurldy 
Nltt`ry vietlj`
f`lsur`f`kt ?.< W 
r`sieutcik 
~ ?.> L O <> W-BD (@xdeubckj lee durr`kt eilbs gir tm` mcjm scb` brcv`r–s
iutput lkb ^itlry Ldtultir's iutput) 
Flxcfuf durr`kt 
~ <.> L O <> W-DB (@xdeubckj tm` durr`kt eilb gir tm` mcjm scb` brcv`r
iutput's) 
Ttlkbny durr`kt  2? fL 
B``p se``p durr`kt  <0 fL 

>.4 J`ks`t Wietlj`s lkb Gr`qu`kdy F`lsur`f`kts 

Gieeiwckj tlne` jcv`s l nrc`g iv`rvc`w ig j`ks`t vietlj` lkb gr`qu`kdy f`lsur`f`kts 
Rlne` 21 J`ks`t vietlj` lkb gr`qu`kdy f`lsur`f`kts
Diktriee`r's t`rfckle
>:, >=, >3, 4? (K, N, S, ^ r`sp`dtcv`ey) 
kufn`r  
F`lsur`f`kt typ`  Rru` ^FT 
_mls` ti K`utrle
<0 ti 40? W-LD ^FT 
vietlj` 
_mls` ti _mls`
<0 ti 7<? W-LD ^FT 
vietlj` 
Wietlj` lddurldy  ¼ <% ig guee sdle` gir _m-K 
< W-LD ^FT gir _mls` ti K`utrle 
Wietlj` r`sieutcik 
> W-LD ^FT gir _mls` ti _mls` 
Gr`qu`kdy rlkj`  4 ti :0 Mz 
Gr`qu`kdy lddurldy  ?.< Mz 

Gir sckje` pmls` j`ks`t lppecdltcik, ct cs flkbltiry ti dikk`dt tm` j`ks`t pmls`
lkb k`utrle dlne`s ti tm` j`ks`t diktriee`r's pmls` ^ lkb K`utrle t`rfckles
r`sp`dtcv`ey 

_lj` | 2
 

 
T@B@FLD

>.2 Eilb Durr`kt F`lsur`f`kts 

Gieeiwckj tlne` jcv`s l nrc`g iv`rvc`w ig eilb durr`kt f`lsur`f`kts 
Rlne` 01 Eilb durr`kt f`lsur`f`kts
Diktriee`r's t`rfckle
40 lkb 47 (gir pmls` N), 4: lkb 4= (gir pmls` S), 43 lkb 2? (gir pmls` ^) 
kufn`r  
F`lsur`f`kt typ`  Rru` ^FT 
Flxcfuf DR
s`dikblry durr`kt 0 L 
rltckj 
Nurb`k  ?.>0 WL 
Lddurldy  ¼< % ig kifckle 

Gieeiw tm` r`diff`kb`b pmls` s`qu`kd` wmce` dikk`dtckj tm` Durr`kt 

Rrlksgirf`r (DR) 

>.0 Flcks Wietlj` lkb Gr`qu`kdy F`lsur`f`kts 

Gieeiwckj tlne` jcv`s l nrc`g iv`rvc`w ig Flcks vietlj` lkb gr`qu`kdy f`lsur`f`kts 
Rlne` 71 Flcks vietlj` lkb gr`qu`kdy f`lsur`f`kts
Diktriee`r's t`rfckle
4<, 4>, 44, 42 (K, N, S, ^ r`sp`dtcv`ey) 
kufn`r  
F`lsur`f`kt typ`  Rru` ^FT 
_mls` ti K`utrle
<0 ti 40? W- LD ^FT 
vietlj` 
_mls` ti _mls`
<0 ti 7<? W-LD ^FT 
vietlj` 
Wietlj` lddurldy  ¼> % ig guee sdle` gir _mls` ti K`utrle 
< W-LD ^FT gir _mls` ti K`utrle 
Wietlj` r`sieutcik 
> W-LD ^FT gir _mls` ti _mls` 
Gr`qu`kdy rlkj`  4 ti :0 Mz 
Gr`qu`kdy lddurldy  ?.< Mz 

Gir sckje` pmls` lppecdltcik, ct cs flkbltiry ti dikk`dt tm` flcks pmls` lkb k`utrle
dlne`s ti tm` j`ks`t diktriee`r's pmls` ^ lkb K`utrle t`rfckles r`sp`dtcv`ey. 

_lj` | 0

 
T@B@FLD

>.7 Bcjctle Ckputs 

Gieeiwckj tlne` jcv`s l nrc`g iv`rvc`w ig bcjctle ckputs 
Rlne` :1 Bcjctle ckputs
Diktriee`r's t`rfckle
<?, <<, <>, ><, >> 
kufn`r  
Kufn`r ig ckputs  0 
Ryp`  K`jltcv` s`ksckj (dikk`dt ti jriukb gir ldtcvltcik) 
?.= W-BD flxcfuf (F`lsur`b lt tm` j`ks`t diktriee`r–s t`rfckles lkb
Eiw e`v`e tmr`smieb
nltt`ry jriukb t`rfckle)
= W-BD fckcfuf (F`lsur`b lt tm` j`ks`t diktriee`r–s t`rfckles lkb
Mcjm e`v`e tmr`smieb
nltt`ry jriukb t`rfckle)
Ip`k dcrduct vietlj`  (WNLRR — <) W-BD 
Eiw Eun Ice _r`ssur` (EEI_) Twctdm, Mcjm Zlt`r R`fp`rltur` (MZR)
Tigtwlr` dikgcjurlne`
Twctdm, Gu`e E`v`e Twctdm, @f`rj`kdy Ttip, ^`fit` Ttip/Ttlrt lkb flky
iptciks 
fir`. _e`ls` r`g`r  Rlne` <3 

Rm` bcjctle ckputs lr` kit prit`dt`b ljlckst tm` k`jltcv` vietlj`. Dikk`dtckj tm`
bcjctle ckput ti k`jltcv` vietlj` wctm r`sp`dtcv` ti diktriee`rs jriukb t`rfckle fly
blflj` tm` diktriee`r.

>.: Lkleij ^`scstcv` T`ksir Ckputs 

Gieeiwckj tlne` jcv`s l nrc`g iv`rvc`w ig lkleij r`scstcv` s`ksir ckputs 
Rlne` =1 Lkleij r`scstcv` s`ksir ckputs
Diktriee`r's t`rfckle
>2, >0, >7 (@kjYt`fp, Gu`eYE`v`e s`ksir, EI_ r`sp`dtcv`ey) 
kufn`r  
Kufn`r ig ckputs  4 
Ryp`  ^ltci-f`trcd s`ksckj 
^lkj`  <? ti <??? Σ 
Ip`k dcrduct b`t`dtcik   Lniv` 0.0 hΣ 
Lddurldy  ¼> % ig guee sdle` 

Gcjur` 21 TD_ dikk`dtcik

_lj` | 7

 
T@B@FLD

>.= Fljk`tcd _cdh Pp Ckputs 

Gieeiwckj tlne` jcv`s l nrc`g iv`rvc`w ig fljk`tcd pcdhup ckputs 
Rlne` 31 Fljk`tcd pcdhup ckputs
Diktriee`r's t`rfckle kufn`r   2> 
Ryp`  Tckje` `kb`b
Gr`qu`kdy rlkj`  <? ti <???? Mz
Ckput vietlj` rlkj`  >?? fW ti :? W-LD ^FT

Rm` Fljk`tcd _cdh Pp (F_P) cs lk ckbudtcv` s`ksir gctt`b ik tm` `kjck` geywm``e gir tm` `kjck` sp``b
s`ksckj. Rm` iutput ig F_P cs l sck`-wlv` scjkle.

Dikk`dt itm`r wcr` ig F_P ti nltt`ry k`jltcv` (diktrie plk`e). 

>.3 Bcjctle Iutputs 

Gieeiwckj tlne` jcv`s l nrc`g iv`rvc`w ig bcjctle iutputs 
Rlne` <?1 Bcjctle iutputs
Diktriee`r's t`rfckle kufn`r   4, 2, 0, 7, =, 3 
Kufn`r ig iutputs  7 
Ryp`  Mcjm scb` brcv`r  
Flxcfuf durr`kt  ?.:0 L 
Tigtwlr` dikgcjurlne` iptciks  Ttlrt r`ely, Gu`e r`ely, Deis` j`ks`t diktldtir, deis` flcks
diktldtir, Ttip sie`kicb lkb flky fir`. _e`ls` r`g`r  Rlne` >4 

Bi kit dikk`dt ―TRL^R@^ FIRI^‖ lkb ―TRI_ TIE@KICB‖ bcr`dtey ti tm`

diktriee`r's iutput t`rfckles 

>.<? Ldtultir Iutputs 

Gieeiwckj tlne` jcv`s l nrc`g iv`rvc`w ig ldtultir iutputs 
Rlne` <<1 Ldtultir iutputs

Diktriee`r's t`rfckle kufn`r   <:, <=, <3, >? 

Ryp`  Tt`pp`r fitir brcv` 
Flxcfuf durr`kt  < L `ldm dice 

Gcjur` 01 T@B@FLD's Ldtultir dikk`dtir pck iut (vc`w`b grif tm` wcr` cks`rtcik scb`)
Rm` Ldtultir iutputs lr` us`b ikey gir tm` T@B@FLD's Ldtultir, cg ckstlee`b. Rm` T@B@FLD's Ldtultir
_lj` | :

 
T@B@FLD

cs l 2-wcr` Ldtultir tmlt cs us`b gir dr`ltckj lk `e`dtrikcd jiv`rkckj lppecdltcik ck dls` ig l f`dmlkcdle
gu`e syst`f `kjck`. Ck bc`s`e `kjck`s, tm` ^itlry Ldtultir's smlgt iutput j`ts f`dmlkcdleey dikk`dt`b
ti tm` stip e`v`r ir tm` tmritte` e`v`r ig lk ck-eck` ir ritlry gu`e cka`dtcik pufp. Ck dls` ig p`trie ir
klturle jls `kjck`s, tm` ^itlry Ldtultir's smlgt iutput j`ts dikk`dt`b ti tm` tmritte`/dmlrj` diktrie
vlev`. 
Rlne` <>1 Ldtultir dikk`dtir pck iut b`tlces
Ldtultir   JD<>]] Diktriee`r  
Dikk`dtir _ck Ki.  B`sdrcptcik  R`rfckle Tr. Ki.  B`sdrcptcik 
<   LDR < (^`b dieiur`b wcr`)  <:  JIWYLDR — IPR< 
2   LDR 2 (S`eeiw dieiur`b wcr`)  <=  JIWYLDR — IPR2 
>   LDR > (Irlkj` dieiur`b wcr`)  <3  JIWYLDR — IPR> 
4   LDR 4 (Neu` dieiur`b wcr`)  >?  JIWYLDR — IPR4 

Ct cs r`diff`kb`b ti gieeiw dikk`dtcik b`tlces ig Ldtultir dikk`dtir lkb

JD<>?</?>/?4 diktriee`r  

>.<< B+ DMJ LER 

Gieeiwckj tlne` jcv`s l nrc`g iv`rvc`w ig B+ DMJ LER 
Rlne` <41 B+ DMJ LER
Diktriee`r's t`rfckle kufn`r   : 
Wietlj` rlkj`  ? ti WNLRR 8 WNLRR 6 = ti 4> W-BD 
@xdctltcik  _ZF (Durr`kt ecfct`b ti >0? fL) 
Lddurldy  ¼< % ig guee sdle` 

Rm` dmlrj` glce ckput cs l difnck`b ckput lkb iutput t`rfckle. Zm`k tm` j`ks`t stlrts, tm` t`rfckle
privcb`s tm` `xdctltcik durr`kt ti tm` dmlrj` let`rkltir gc`eb wckbckj. Zm`k tm` dmlrj` let`rkltir
dirr`dtey dmlrj`s tm` nltt`ry, tm` vietlj` ig tm` t`rfckle cs deis` ti tm` nltt`ry suppey vietlj`. Ck dls`
ig glceur` ig dmlrj` let`rkltir, tm` vietlj` ig tmcs t`rfckle cs puee`b biwk ti l eiw vietlj` ny tm` dmlrj`
let`rkltir. Rmcs brip-ck vietlj` trcjj`rs tm` dmlrj` glceur` lelrf ck tm` j`ks`t diktriee`r. Rm` e`v`e lt
wmcdm tmcs eijcd ip`rlt`s lkb wm`tm`r ct trcjj`rs l wlrkckj ir smutbiwk lelrf cs dikgcjurlne`.

>.<> T`ksir Diffik _ickt 

Gieeiwckj tlne` jcv`s l nrc`g iv`rvc`w ig s`ksir diffik pickt 
Rlne` <21 T`ksir diffik pickt
JDP dikk`dtir t`rfckle
2< 
kufn`r  
^lkj`  ¼>W 
Lddurldy  ¼>% ig guee sdle` 
^`sieutcik  ?.< W 

_lj` | =

 
T@B@FLD

Cfpirtlkt Kit`1 Rm` s`ksir diffik pickt (TD_) t`rfckle (_ck # 2<) ig tm` diktriee`r
smiueb n` bcr`dtey dikk`dt`b ti lk `e`dtrcdleey siukb pickt ik tm` `kjck` niby. Rmcs
pickt ik tm` `kjck` niby smiueb s`rv` ls l diffik r`g`r`kd` pickt gir lee lkleij
s`ksirs sudm ls tmis` gir f`lsurckj eun` ice pr`ssur`, `kjck` t`fp`rltur` lkb gu`e
e`v`e. Rm` `e`dtrcdle dlne` us`b gir tm` dikk`dtcik smiueb kit n` smlr`b wctm lky itm`r
`e`dtrcdle dikk`dtcik. Tudm l wcrckj prldtcd` cs strikjey r`diff`kb`b ti `ksur` tmlt
tm`r` cs k`jecjcne` pit`ktcle bcgg`r`kd`, cg lky, n`tw``k tm` `kjck` niby lkb tm`
diktriee`r's TD_ t`rfckle, lkb, pr`bcdtlne` lkb lddurlt` lkleij s`ksir
f`lsur`f`kts lr` lewlys lvlcelne` ck l wcb` vlrc`ty ig gc`eb dikbctciks. 

>.<4 B``p Te``p Fib` G`ltur` 

B``p Te``p Fib` cs l us`gue g`ltur` ti prieikj tm` nltt`ry ecg`.
Ck tmcs fib`, kirfle gukdtciks ig tm` diktriee`r lr` susp`kb`b, lkb diktriee`r cs peld`b ckti cts eiw`st
piw`r diksufptcik stlt`. Diktriee`r flcktlcks tm` stltus lkb lelrfs ct mlb n`gir` B``p Te``p Fib`.
Zm`k tm` diktriee`r cs wlh`b up, kirfle ip`rltciks lr` r`suf`b lutifltcdleey. Rm` diktriee`r ji`s ck
B``p Te``p Fib` wm`k tm`r` cs ki us`r ckt`rldtcik gir tm` pr`s`t B``p Te``p Fib` B`ely. Rmcs fib`
cs bcslne`b ck LFG fib`. Gir tm` diktriee`r ti wlh` up pr`ss lkb mieb ―TRI_‖ h`y gir fckcfuf ik`
s`d.

Diffukcdltcik _irts 
Gieeiwckj tlne` jcv`s l nrc`g iv`rvc`w ig diffukcdltcik pirts 
Rlne` <01 Diffukcdltcik pirts
PTN  Ps`b ti gelsm tm` gcrfwlr` 
^T2=0 T`rcle _irt  Ps`b gir bltl diffukcdltcik 
Diktriee`r's t`rfckle
<0, <7 
kufn`r gir ^T2=0 
DLK  ^`s`rv`b gir gutur` us` 
Diktriee`r's t`rfckle
<4, <2 
kufn`r gir DLK 

Rm` PTN pirt cs privcb`b gir dikk`dtcik n`tw``k _D lkb diktriee`r gir dikgcjurckj l s`t ig plrlf`t`rs
ck diktriee`r usckj T@B@FLD's Tflrt Dikgcj. Rm` ^T2=0 pirt ik JD<>?</?>/?4 s`rc`s j`ks`t
diktriee`r suppirts l pritidie nls`b ik FIBNPT lkb l pritidie gir JTF diffukcdltcik. Psckj JTF
pritidie, tm` diktriee`r dlk s`kb lelrf f`sslj` lkb r`d`cv` ip`rltcikle difflkbs iv`r `xt`rkle JTF
fib`f.

_lj` | 3

 
T@B@FLD

Ckstleeltcik 

2.< Bcf`ksciks 

Gcjur` 71 Bcf`ksciks ig tm` JD<>?</?>/?4 j`ks`t diktriee`r

^`diff`kb`b fiuktckj plk`e dut-iut bcf`ksciks1 <<= ff ] 34 ff. 

_lj` | <?

 
T@B@FLD

2.> Fiuktckj ik plk`e 

Ri fiukt tm` diktriee`r ckti tm` plk`e, us` tm` gcxckj decps privcb`b leikj wctm tm` diktriee`r.
Gieeiw tm` jcv`k st`ps1 

Gcjur` :1 Gcxckj decp lkb sdr`w suppec`b leikj wctm diktriee`r  

Gcjur` =1 Diktriee`r fiuktckj ik tm` plk`e usckj tm` gcxckj decps

•
  ^`fiv` tm` gcxckj decps sdr`ws grif tm` gcxckj decp (turk lktcdeidhwcs`). 
•
  Cks`rt tm` gcxckj decp ckti tm` seit privcb`b ik tm` scb` ig tm` diktriee`r. 
•
  _uee tm` gcxckj decps nldhwlrbs (tiwlrbs tm` nldh ig tm` fibue`). @ksur` tmlt tm` gcxckj decp cs
prip`rey gctt`b ckscb` tm` seit privcb`b ik tm` diktriee`r. 
•
  Gcx tm` sdr`ws lkb tcjmt`k tm` sdr`w (turk deidhwcs`) ti fiukt tm` diktriee`r prip`rey ckti tm`
plk`e. @ksur` tmlt tm` sdr`w wcee n` lewlys p`rp`kbcduelr ti tm` plk`e surgld`. Rm` flxcfuf
tcjmt`kckj tirqu` cs ?.<3 K-f. 

Iv`r tcjmt`kckj ig tm` sdr`ws fly blflj` tm` diktriee`r dlsckj. 

_lj` | <<

 
T@B@FLD

2.4 R`rfckle B`sdrcptcik 

Gieeiwckj gcjur` smiws tm` r`lr vc`w ig diktriee`r. 

Gcjur` 31 JD<>?</?>/?4 j`ks`t diktriee`r grif nldhscb`

Rlne` <71 B`tlces ig JD<>?</?>/?4 t`rfckles
R`rfckle _mi`kcx G`fle` (Fltckj)
Klf`  B`sdrcptcik 
Tr. Ki.  Dikk`dtir _lrt Ki. 
<  NLRR -  Nltt`ry jriukb 
>@BJH-0.?=-?>_-<2-??LM
>  NLRR +  Nltt`ry pisctcv` 
4  IPR L  Mcjm scb` brcv`r iutput — L 
2  IPR N  Mcjm scb` brcv`r iutput — N 
<0@BJH-4.0-?2_-<2-??LM
0  IPR D  Mcjm scb` brcv`r iutput — D 
7  IPR B  Mcjm scb` brcv`r iutput — B 
:  B+ DMJ LER  Ckput gir dmlrjckj let`rkltir  
=  IPR @  Mcjm scb` brcv`r iutput — @ 
<0@BJH-4.0-?2_-<2-??LM
3  IPR G  Mcjm scb` brcv`r iutput — G 
<?  BCJYCK L  Ckput grif swctdm — L 
<<  BCJYCK N  Ckput grif swctdm — N 
<>  BCJYCK D  Ckput grif swctdm — D  <0@BJH-4.0-?7_-<2-??LM
<4  DLK M  DLK mcjm 

_lj` | <>

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T@B@FLD

R`rfckle _mi`kcx G`fle` (Fltckj)

Klf`  B`sdrcptcik 
Tr. Ki.  Dikk`dtir _lrt Ki. 
<2  DLK E  DLK eiw 
<0  ^T2=0YN  ^T2=0 — N 
<7  ^T2=0YL  ^T2=0 — L 
Iutput gir tm` T@B@FLD
<:  JIWYLDR — IPR< 
 Ldtultir  
Iutput gir tm` T@B@FLD
<=  JIWYLDR — IPR2 
 Ldtultir  
Iutput gir tm` T@B@FLD
<3  JIWYLDR — IPR> 
 Ldtultir  
Iutput gir tm` T@B@FLD
>?  JIWYLDR — IPR4 
 Ldtultir  
><  BCJYCK B  Ckput grif swctdm — B  <0@BJH-4.0-<?_-<2-??LM
>>  BCJYCK @  Ckput grif swctdm — @ 
>4   LKEJYW CK   Lkleij ? ti 0 W ckput — L 
 LKEJYCK   Lkleij ckput grif @kjck`
>2  R`fp`rltur` T`ksir  
@KJYR@F_ 
 Lkleij ckput grif Gu`e E`v`e
>0   LKEJYCK Gu`e E`v`e 
T`ksir  
 Lkleij ckput grif Eun` Ice
>7   LKEJYCK EI_ 
_r`ssur` T`ksir  
>:  J@KYW CK KR^E  Wietlj` ckput grif J`k K`utrle 
>=  J@KYW CK N  Wietlj` ckput grif J`k N 
>@BJH-0.?=-?2_->2-??LM
>3  J@KYW CK S  Wietlj` ckput grif J`k S 
4?  J@KYW CK ^  Wietlj` ckput grif J`k ^ 
4<  FLCKTYW CK KR^E  Wietlj` ckput grif Flcks K`utrle 
4>  FLCKTYW CK N  Wietlj` ckput grif Flcks _mls` N 
>@BJH-0.?=-?2_->2-??LM
44  FLCKTYW CK S  Wietlj` ckput grif Flcks _mls` S 
42  FLCKTYW CK ^  Wietlj` ckput grif Flcks _mls` ^ 
40  DR — CK N<  DR ckput < grif _mls` N 
47  DR — CK N>  DR ckput > grif _mls` N 
4:  DR — CK S<  DR ckput < grif _mls` S 
4=  DR — CK S>  DR ckput > grif _mls` S 
43  DR — CK ^<  DR ckput < grif _mls` ^  <0@BJH-4.0-?=_-<2-??LM
2?  DR — CK ^>  DR ckput > grif _mls` ^ 
2<  T@KTI^ DIFF  T`ksir diffik pickt 
Ckput grif `kjck` sp``b s`ksir
2>  F_P — C/_
(Ckbudtcv`) 

_lj` | <4

 
T@B@FLD

2.2 Rypcdle Zcrckj Bcljrlf 

Gcjur` <?1 JD<>?</?>/?4 j`ks`t diktriee`r wm`k us`b ck tm` flkule diktrie plk`e  
Rm` typcdle wcrckj bcljrlf ig JD<>?</?>/?4 gir Luti Flcks Glceur` lppecdltcik ik `kjck` wctm
f`dmlkcdle gu`e syst`f1 
_lj` | <2

 
T@B@FLD

Gcjur` <<1 JD<>?</?>/?4 piw`r dcrduct (us`b ck tm` Luti Flcks Glceur` Fib`)
_lj` | <0

 
T@B@FLD

<) J`ks`t & flcks diktldtir eltdmckj r`elys smiueb n` difpce`b ljlckst 2hW
surj` ls p`r C@D-7<???-2-0 stlkblrb. 
>) Zcrckj brlwckj cs gir r`pr`s`ktltcik purpis` ikey. _e`ls` r`g`r wcrckj ls p`r
jcv`k j`ks`t lppecdltcik brlwckj. 
4) ^`ely dlrbs tmlt us`b wctm diktriee`r smiueb mlv` prit`dtcik ljlckst r`v`rs`
nltt`ry vietlj`s. 

Gcjur` <>1 JD<>?</?>/?4 diktrie dcrduct (us`b ck tm` Luti Flcks Glceur` fib`)

_lj` | <7

 
T@B@FLD

Fibue` Bcspely 
Gieeiwckj s`dtcik b`sdrcn`s tm` elyiut ig sdr``ks. 

0.< Fikctirckj Fib` 

Ck fikctirckj fib`, sdr``ks wcee sdriee lutifltcdleey lgt`r l dikgcjurlne` tcf` wmcdm dlk n` dikgcjur`b
ck dikgcjurltcik f`ku ir yiu dlk us` tm` ―Klvcjltcik P_/BIZK H`ys‖ ti sdriee/nriws` tm` sdr``ks. 
Rlne` <:1 Tdr``ks ig `kjck` stltus lkb ip`rltckj fib`

@kjck` stltus lkb ip`rltckj fib` 

MIF@  J@K@^LRI^ E-K WIER 

J@K@^LRI^ E-E WIER  J@K@^LRI^ DP^^@KRT 

FLCKT E-K WIER  FLCKT E-E WIER 

J@K@^LRI^ ECK@ hZ  J@K@^LRI^ RIRLE hZ 

_lj` | <:
 

 
T@B@FLD

J@K@^LRI^ ECK@ hWL  J@K@^LRI^ RIRLE hWL 

J@K@^LRI^ ECK@ hWLr   J@K@^LRI^ RIRLE hWLr  

J@K@^LRI^ ECK@ _G  J@K@^LRI^ RIRLE _G 

J@K@^LRI^ G^@\P@KDS  FLCKT G^@\P@KDS 

J@K@^LRI^ _IZ@^ DIPKR  @KJCK@ T_@@B 

_lj` | <=

 
T@B@FLD

@KJCK@ ^PK RCF@  NLRR@^S WIERLJ@ 

@KJCK@ R@F_@^LRP^@  EPN@ ICE _^@TT 

NLELKD@ GP@E  BLR@ LKB RCF@ 

_^IBPDR CB  LEL^FT 

_lj` | <3

 
T@B@FLD

B`sdrcptcik ig Diktrie h`ys 

<
 
0 
>
 

7 
4 

: 

2 

Gcjur` <41 Diktrie h`ys gukdtcik

<. Bcspely 
>. F`ku Klvcjltcik Pp h`y 
4. F`ku Klvcjltcik Biwk h`y 
2. Ttip/^`s`t H`y 
0.  Lelrf E@B 
7. Ttlrt/T`e`dt H`y 
:.  Luti/Flkule fib` s`e`dtcik h`y 

Dikgcjurltcik Fib` 
Ri dikgcjur` tm` diktriee`r pe`ls` gieeiw tm` n`eiw f`ktcik`b ckstrudtciks1 
•  Ri `kt`r tm` dikgcjurltcik fib` pr`ss lkb mieb ―TRI_ & LPRI‖ h`ys scfuetlk`iusey, lt e`lst
gir 4 s`dikbs. Gieeiwckj sdr``k wcee lpp`lr ik tm` JDP 

Gcjur` <21 Dikgcjurltcik fib` sdr``k

•  Cg yiu wlkt ti ikey vc`w tm` dikgcjurltcik, pr`ss ―TRI_‖ h`y ig tm` JDP. Cg yiu wcsm ti dmlkj`
tm` dikgcjurltcik, pr`ss ―TRL^R‖ h`y ig tm` JDP 

_lj` | >?

 
T@B@FLD

Gcjur` <01 Dikgcjurltcik fib` lutm`ktcdltcik plj` sdr``k 

•  Rm` JDP wcee lsh gir plsswirb (2 bcjct). @kt`r tm` plsswirb ny usckj up & biwk lrriw h`y gir
bcjct lkb ―TRL^R‖ h`y gir `kt`rckj tm` bcjct. Rm` 2 bcjcts wcee stlrt neckhckj ckbcvcbuleey ls ji ik
s`e`dtckj. _r`ss ―TRL^R‖ nuttik ls f`ktcik`b `lrec`r ti `kt`r tm` rcjmt bcjct. 
•   Lgt`r difpe`tcik ig plrlf`t`r dikgcjurltcik, pr`ss lkb mieb ―TRI_ & LPRI‖ h`ys
scfuetlk`iusey ti `xct grif dikgcjurltcik fib`. 

:.< Ecst ig Dikgcjurlne` _lrlf`t`rs 

Gieeiwckj tlne` jcv`s l nrc`g iv`rvc`w ig dikgcjurlne` plrlf`t`rs ck JD<>?</?>/?4 diktriee`r  
Rlne` <=1 Dikgcjurlne` plrlf`t`rs
E`v`e ?  E`v`e < E`v`e >  _lrlf`t`rs 
FIBPE@  J@K@^LE  ELKJPLJ@  @kjecsm
_IZ@^ IK FIB@  Ttip/Luti 
_IZ@^ IK ELF_ R@TR  Bcslne`/@klne` 
JTF DIFF  Bcslne`/@klne` 
^@T@^W@B _L^LF  Bcslne` 
B@@_ TE@@_ FIB@  Bcslne`/@klne` 
BCT_ELS  DIKR^LTR  ? — <?? % 
_IZ@^ TLW@ FIB@  Bcslne`/@klne` 
CK_PRT  _^@TT FIK   LDRCIK  Kik`/Zlrkckj/Tmutbiwk 
RM^@TMIEB  ?.? — 0.? Nlr  
I_@K DHR LEL^F  Bcslne`/@klne` 
@KJ R@F_  LDRCIK  Kik`/Zlrkckj/Tmutbiwk 
FIK  RM^@TMIEB  >0 — >0? b`j D 
I_@K DHR LEL^F  Bcslne`/@klne` 
GP@E EWE  LDRCIK  Kik`/Zlrkckj/Tmutbiwk 
FIK  RM^@TMIEB  ? — =? % 
GP@E RLKH DL_LDCRS  ? — 0?? Etr  
GP@E RM@GR LEL^F  Bcslne`/@klne` 
ZLR@^ EWE
 LDRCIK  Kik`/Zlrkckj/Tmutbiwk 
FIK 
BCJ CK ]  TIP^D@  ^`g`r  Rlne` <3 
]6 L/N/D/B/@  Deis` ti Ldtcvlt`/Ip`k ti
_IEL^CRS 
 Ldtcvlt` 
Kik`/Zlrkckj/@e`dtrcdle
 LDRCIK 
Rrcp/Tmutbiwk 
K`v`r/Grif @kjck` Ttlrt/
 LDRCWLRCIK 
Grif Fikctirckj Ik/Lewlys 
_lj` | ><

 
T@B@FLD

E`v`e ?  E`v`e < E`v`e >  _lrlf`t`rs 

 LDRCWLRCIK B@ELS  ? — 7? s`d 
EI_ T@KTCKJ  Kit us`b/Bcj Ck G/Lkej Ck
T@KTI^ T@E@DRCIK 
EI_ 
TIP^D@  ^`g`r  Rlne` <3 
Deis` Ri Ldtcvlt`/Ip`k Ri
_IEL^CRS 
 Ldtcvlt` 
Kik`/Zlrkckj/@e`dtrcdle
 LDRCIK 
Rrcp/Tmutbiwk 
K`v`r/Grif @kjck` Ttlrt/
 LDRCWLRCIK 
Grif Fikctirckj Ik/Lewlys 
 LDRCWLRCIK B@ELS  ? — 7? s`d 
R@F_ Kit us`b/Bcj Ck J/Lkej Ck
T@KTI^ T@E@DRCIK 
T@KTCKJ  @kj R`fp
TIP^D@  ^`g`r  Rlne` <3 
Deis` Ri Ldtcvlt`/Ip`k Ri
_IEL^CRS 
 Ldtcvlt` 
Kik`/Zlrkckj/@e`dtrcdle
 LDRCIK 
Rrcp/Tmutbiwk 
K`v`r/Grif @kjck` Ttlrt/
 LDRCWLRCIK 
Grif Fikctirckj Ik/Lewlys 
 LDRCWLRCIK B@ELS  ? — 7? s`d 
GP@E EWE Kit us`b/Bcj Ck M/Lkej Ck
T@KTI^ T@E@DRCIK 
T@KTCKJ  Gu`e EWE
TIP^D@  ^`g`r  Rlne` <3 
Deis` Ri Ldtcvlt`/Ip`k Ri
_IEL^CRS 
 Ldtcvlt` 
Kik`/Zlrkckj/@e`dtrcdle
 LDRCIK 
Rrcp/Tmutbiwk 
K`v`r/Grif @kjck` Ttlrt/
 LDRCWLRCIK 
Grif Fikctirckj Ik/Lewlys 
 LDRCWLRCIK B@ELS  ? — 7? s`d 
EI_ DLECN  EI_ DLECN  ^`g`r  Rlne` >? 
R@F_ DLECN  R@F_ DLECN  ^`g`r  Rlne` >< 
GP@E DLECN  GP@E DLECN  ^`g`r  Rlne` >> 
IPR_PRT  IPR ]  TIP^D@  ^`g`r  Rlne` >4 
]6 L/N/D/B/@/G  _IEL^CRS  @k`rjcs`/B` - `k`rjcs` 
RCF@^T  D^LKHCKJ  D^LKH MIEB RCF@  ? — <0 s`d 
D^LKH ^@TR RCF@  ? — 7? s`d 
J@K@^LE  TLG@RS TRL^R B@ELS  ? — 7? s`d 
FLCKT B@R@DR B@ELS  ? — 4? s`d 
 LER B@R@DR B@ELS  ? — 4? s`d 
ZL^F P_ B@ELS  ? — 7? s`d 
D^LKH TRL^R B@ELS  ? — 4? s`d 
^@RK RI FLCKT B@ELS  ? — 7?? s`d 
@KJ DIIE RCF@  ? — 4?? s`d 

_lj` | >>

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