UNIT 7: CULTURES

Activity 1: Cultural awareness quiz

1. The principal religion in Malaysia is:
A. Buddhism
B. Judaism
C. Christianity
D. Islam
2. In Latin America, managers
A. are most likely members of their own families.
B. consider hiring members of their own families to be inappropriate.
C. stress the importance of hiring members of minority groups.
D. usually hire more people than are actually needed to do a job.
3. In China, the status of every business negotiation is
A. reported daily in the press.
B. private, and details are not discussed publicly.
C. subjected to scrutiny by a public tribunal on a regular basis.
D. directed by the elder of every commune.
4. When rewarding a Hispanic worker for a job well done, it is best not to
A. praise him publicly
B. say “thank you”
C. offer a raise
D. offer a promotion
5. In some South American countries, it is considered normal and acceptable to show up for a
social appointment one to two hours late.
A. True
B. False
6. The doors in German offices and homes are generally kept
A. wide open to symbolize an acceptance and welcome of friends and strangers.
B. slightly ajar to suggest that people should knock before entering.
C. half-opened suggesting that some people are welcome and others are not.
D. tightly shut to preserve privacy and personal space.
7. American managers running business in Mexico have found that by increasing the salaries
of Mexican workers, they decrease the number of hours the workers would agree to work.
A. True
B. False
8. In Latin America, business people touch each other more than North American do under
similar circumstances.
A. True
B. False
9. When a stranger in India wants to know what you do for a living and how much you earn,
he will
A. ask your guide
B. invite you to his home, after getting to know he will ask
C. come over and ask you directly without introduction
D. respect your privacy above all
10. If you wanted to give a necktie or a scarf to a Latin American, what color would it be better
to avoid …………………………………………

Activity 2: Vocabulary
1. Struggle

2. Counterpart

3. Perceive

4. Harmonize

5. Cope with sth

6. Social etiquette

7. Manifestation

8. Tailored

9. Practice

Activity 3: Read the article quickly and decide which of the following (1-5) are:
a. Referred to in a positive way in the text
b. Referred to in a negative way in the text
c. Not referred at all

1. Understanding the culture of the country you are living in

2. Asking British colleagues personal questions when you meet them for the first time
3. Hiring staff who are flexible and tolerant
4. Providing staff with practical support
5. Looking at the role of the spouse (husband or wife) in the selection of candidates for overseas
postings.

Activity 4:
1. What things are people from different countries in an organization:
a) likely to have in common
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) likely not to have in common?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. What is “cultural awareness”?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Activity 5: Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. In our current flat world, employees of multinational businesses don’t have to deal much
with culture barriers.
2. Personal privacy differs among different countries.
3. Cultural awareness is an important factor of teamwork effectiveness in multinational
companies.
4. The Standard Bank is a cultural diverse group which has 56 nationalities.
5. The Standard Bank group offers their employees of different cultures a training course which
helps them to have a better mutual understanding.

Activity 6: What does the underlined word refer to?

1. …….. doing such a thing in London would make people extremely angry. (paragraph 2)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. It is about understanding how and why cultures work differently. (paragraph 3)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Activity 7: Go back to the article on page 69. Find prepositions to complete the following
phrases and write them in the blanks.
1. Wayne Mullen, Head of Learning and Development …………. Standard Bank, discusses the
impact that cultural challenges can have…………… employees relocating………. another
country.
2. Colleagues …………… different countries might share similar professional knowledge and
skills ……………a single international organization.
3. It is common……………South African to ask personal questions ………. their counterparts
shortly ………… being introduced.
4. It needed to provide foreign workers…………… a meaningful understanding……. British
business culture and communication styles.
5. Their reactions…………day-to day issues such as the weather, public transport and social
etiquette are often the most visible manifestations………culture shock.
Activity 8: Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the word.
1. transfer
When applying for a job you should remember to highlight your ………………. skills you have
in the letter of application.
2. appreciate
Mulvaney also wanted to mention the ……………. he had for all the support from his
colleagues.
3. awareness
Being ……………of cultural norms can help your company narrow down the target audience
when launching a marketing campaign.
4. manifestation
In the meeting, she …………… no fear and allowed none in her voice.
5. harmonise
As one of the leading groups in Vietnam, they strive to work in cooperation and ………………
with local communities.
Activity 9: Fill in each blank in the sentences below with one suitable word. When you
finish, turn back to page 69 and check your answers.
Global companies should never (1) ……………. the effect that culture can have on international
assignments. Cultural (2) …………… is much more than (3) …………… knowing about a
country’s history and geography. It is about understanding how and why cultures work
differently. It is also important to understand your own (4) …………… make-up in order to
work more effectively, maximize teamwork and (5) …………… global competence.

UNIT 8: CULTURES
ACTIVITY 1: Vocabulary
1. Sleek

2. Storm

3. attribute sth to
sb/sth
4. Legislature

5. Prostitution
6. Overwhelmingly

7. Stark

8. Initiative

9. Woo

10. Top-selling spot

ACTIVITY 2: Decide if the statements about your article are true (T) or false (F)
Article A
1. The position of women in Vietnam has improved.
2. Women make up less than half of the workforce in the service, agricultural, fisheries,
industry and construction sectors.
3. Nearly 25% of Vietnamese companies are run by women.
4. More than a third of all university graduates and holders of Master’s degrees are
women.
5. Nguyen Thi Thu Hang lets her husband make important decisions.
6. Nguyen Thu Hang’s position with regard to decision-making is different to that of her
mother.
Article B
7. Men on their own make a third of car purchases in Japan.
8. Women prefer to buy cars from women.
9. Since 2004, Nissan has more than doubled recruitment of female engineering graduates
and saleswomen.
10.The number of female managers at Nissan has increased to 50%.
11.Women make up 5% of managers in the Japanese car industry.
12. Nowadays, men and women are attracted by pictures of families enjoying themselves
in a car.

ACTIVITY 3: Answer the following questions

Article A
1. According to Nguyen Thu Hang, why are Vietnamese women much happier than
before?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. Which field does she work in?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. How has the role of Vietnamese women changed in their families?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
 4. What does the Government do in order to advance women’s status in Vietnam?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. What are the problems women still have to deal with in Vietnam?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….

Article B
6. Why do Nissan Motor’s showrooms and salespeople operate more regular working
hours?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
7. Do Japanese women tend to work overtime?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
8. What is Nissan’s ultimate target in promoting women into the leadership ranks?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
9. Do male and female customers consider the same things when buying a car?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
10. Why was the Serena people carrier, according to Ms. Takahashi, the best- selling car?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….

ACTIVITY 4: Pronoun reference

Article A.
What does the underlined word refer to?
1. Whether in remote farms or in companies, they have become much more self-
confident are discovering their worth and fulfilling their potential. (paragraph 3)

2. “….. My husband always respects my opinions” (paragraph 4)

Article B.
What does the underlined word refer to?
3. In fact, it is signed to be the opposite. (paragraph 2):

4. Last year, it won the top-selling spot in Japan. (last paragraph)

ACTIVITY 5: Words in phrases

Go back to the article on you read. Find prepositions to complete the following
phrases and write them in the blanks.
Article A
1. Women residents had no say…………. decision making, either …………home
or………. the community.
2. Hang who carries a sleek laptop ……………her hand, gets……… ……….. an elegant
black Mercedes and enters a building where she works……… the General Director.
3. Women account……………nearly 52 per cent ………. the workforce…………
service sector.
4. Almost a quarter…………… all companies are run…………women, many……….
whom are also the driving forces………… them.
5. The Government has national programmes …………vocational training and
preventing trafficking ………… women and children.
Article B
6. ……….2004, Nissan’s ‘Women in the Driver’s seat’ initiative has more than doubled
recruitment ………… female engineering graduates ……… 17 per cent this year and
recruitment ………female salespeople has jumped …………15 per cent ……… 34 per
cent.
7. Nissan was one ………. this year’s two award winners, not least ………… having hit
it initial target of women making ………… 5 per cent of its mangers.
8. ‘Males are attracted ………. big pictures ………… cars and specifications ………….
performance’
9. To prioritise female customers, three years ago Nissan launched the Serena people
carrier, which was designed …………. and ……………. women.
10. ‘I am convinced that this hit is closely related ………… women’s advancement
………… Nissan ………. terms………. marketing and sales.’

ACTIVITY 6:
Focusing on words
Fill in each blank in the sentences below with one suitable word. When you finish,
turn back to page 69 and check your answers.
Article A
The greater role of women is (1) ……………. to the effective policies of promoting
them. The state and party are interested in women’s (2) …………… The NA, the
national legislature, has (3) …………… the Law on Gender Equality and the Anti-
Domestic Violence Law. The government has national programmes for (4) ……………
training and (5) …………… trafficking of women and children.
Article B
The number of women (6) ………………. at Nissan, while still tiny, has (7) ……………
from 2 percent to 5 per cent. ‘In an ideal situation, we should (8) ………………… the
market we serve – 50 per cent – but there is a long (9) ………………. to go,’ says
Miyuki Takahashi, General Manager of the Diversity Development Office that runs the
initiative to woo (10) ……………… employees and customers.
ACTIVITY 7: In pairs, find words in both articles that can be grouped under:
a) people

b) business sectors or areas

 UNIT 9:
INTERNATIONAL MARKETS
ACTIVITY 1: Vocabulary
1. Protectionism (n)

Protectionist (adj)

2. Combat (n, v)

3. Chamber of
Commerce
4. Defend (v)

Defendant (n)

Defender (n)

5. Instance (n)

6. Sustain (v)

7. Dispute (n, v)

8. With respect to

9. Accuse (v)

Accuser (n)

Accusing (adj)

10. Manipulate (v)

11. Press (v)

ACTIVITY 2: Work in pairs. Read the two articles quickly and choose the best title for
each one.
a) US-China trade has cost 2.3 million American jobs
b) US protectionism is not the way forward
c) Stop blaming China for US trade deficit
d) Yuan needs to rise against the US dollar

ACTIVITY 3: Look at the articles again. Decide if the statements are true (T) or False (F).
Article 1
 1. The US should concentrate on being more competitive economically.
2. The US should be protectionist.
3. The US should argue for a stronger Chinese currency in order to reduce the US’s trade
deficit with China.
4. The US and China should focus on the openness of their trading relationship.
Article 2
5. The US should recognize how much the Chinese currency has already risen against the
dollar.
6. US labor unions say China has manipulated its currency to give Chinese companies an
unfair advantage in international trade.
7. The Chinese save less of their income than Americans.
8. Americans have recently bought Chinese-made goods at low prices.

ACTIVITY 4: Find the opposites of these words in the articles.

1. free trade
2. upturn
3. surplus
4. dispute
5. decreased
6. spend

ACTIVITY 5: Complete the sentences with words you found in Activity 4.

1. Economists know that ……………………... and import taxes promote inefficiency.
2. The study was done in ……………………… with local businesses.
3. There has been a ……………………. in the tourist trade.
4. The figures show a trade …………………… of $4 billion.

ACTIVITY 6: Go back to the articles on pages 84-85. Find prepositions to complete the
following phrases and write them in the blanks.
1. The US should focus …………… improving its overall economic competitiveness.
2. The US economy is currently slowing, while its trade deficit …………… China remains high,
standing ………………. $163.3 billion last year.
3. Instances ……………. co-operation between China and US far exceed instances
……………… dispute.
4. An open US and an open China will lead ……………. sustained benefits ……………. both
US companies and citizens back home.
5. The US trade deficit ……………… China cost 2.3 million American jobs ……………. six
years.
6. Workers who had lost jobs ……………Chinese competition saw their earnings decrease
…………… an average …………… $8,146 each year.
7. It will help to focus the debate on trade to where it needs to be right now ……………. respect
…………. China.

ACTIVITY 7: What does the underlined pronoun refer to?

1. “And it should not argue for a stronger currency …” (article 1, line 11)
2. “Even when they found new jobs, …” (article 2, line 5)
3. “…. have long accused China of manipulating its currency…” (article 2, line18)

ACTIVITY 8: Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the word.
1. compete
Graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly …………………….  market.
Pete likes professions involving a higher degree of ……………….……. such as marketing and
business administration.
We are in …………………….. with four other companies for the contract.
2. release
She burst into tears, …………….……. all her pent-up emotions.
Police have …………….……. no further details about the accident.
3. remain
The …………………… twenty patients were transferred to another hospital.
Most of our employees work in New York; the ……………….. are in London.
Divide 2 into 7, and the answer is 3, ………………….. 1.
4. protect
The government is ready to introduce …………………. for the car industry.
Workers should wear full ……………….. clothing.
In economics,  ……………………. is the economic policy of restraining trade between countries
through methods such as tariffs on imported goods, restrictive quotas, and a variety of other
government regulations designed to allow fair competition between imports and goods and
services produced domestically. 
5. sustain
The country has achieved …………………… economic growth for past decade.
Technologies that promote ………………… energy include renewable energy sources, such
as hydroelectricity, solar energy, wind energy, wave power, geothermal energy, bioenergy, tidal
power and also technologies designed to improve energy efficiency. 
 6. accuse
The government was …………………… of incompetence.
The ……………………… was found innocent.
He demanded the right to face his …………………….. at a public hearing.
7. consume
The electricity industry ……………………. large amounts of fossil fuels.
In economics, ………………. goods are any tangible commodities produced and subsequently
purchased for …………………. in satisfaction of human wants and are not utilized  in 
any further  production. Consumer goods are divided into three categories: durable goods,
nondurable goods, and services.

ACTIVITY 9: Fill in each blank in the sentences below with one suitable word. When you
finish, turn back to pages 84 and check your answers.
The latest 2008 White Paper: American Business in China said that the US should focus
on improving its overall economic (1) ……………. instead of seeking protectionism to combat
its economic (2) …………… and that it should not argue for a stronger (3) …………… to
reduce its trade deficit with China, since the value of the (4) …………… is not the fundamental
cause of the deficit.
Its trade deficit with China remains (5) ……………, standing at $163.3 billion last year. The
deficit has (6) …………… to protectionism against Chinese goods and investment in the US.
The two countries should make defending and preserving the (7) …………… of the trade
relationship a core commitment.

UNIT 10: ETHICS

ACTIVITY 1: Vocabulary
1. ethical (adj)

2. deception (n)

3. elicit (v)

4. justify (v)

5. tempt (v)

6. sell sb/yourself/sth short

7. inflate (v)

8. rationalization (n)

9. suspect (v)

10. accomplishment (n)

11. prior (adj)

ACTIVITY 2: Read the article and answer the questions.

1. What reasons are given for not being totally honest on your CV?
→ ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. What can happen to senior managers who lie on their CVs?
→ ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. What happens to you when you start using rationalisations?
→ ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. What are the advantages of asking an old boss?
→ ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ACTIVITY 3: Understanding vocabulary
1. The phrase “stretching the truth” in the subheading is closest in meaning to
A.  making use of the supplies
B. not being completely honest
C. making it longer or wider by pulling it
2. The word “conflicting” in line 3 “…conflicting thoughts” is closest in meaning to
A. a violent situation or period of fighting
B. causing opposing ideas or opinions
C. a serious disagreement or argument
3. The word “short” in paragraph 2 “… only a few credits short” is closest in meaning to
A. small in length, distance, or height
B. being an amount of time that is less than average or usual
C. lacking
4. The word “inflating” in paragraph 2 “…inflating the number of people” is closest in meaning
to
A.  making something larger 
B. making something increase in size by filling it with air
C. increasing the price of something
5. The word “constructing” in paragraph 3 “…constructing a justification” is closest in meaning
to
A. building
B. drawing
C. forming

ACTIVITY 4: Pronoun Reference

What does the underlined pronoun refer to?
1. “everyone else is doing it …” (para. 1, bullet 2, line 3)
→ ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. “… a great deal of influence over them.” (para. 2, bullet 4, line 2)
→ ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. “My résumé doesn’t quite pass these tests ...” (para. 5, line 1)
→ ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

ACTIVITY 5: Go back to the article on page 98. Find prepositions to complete the
following phrases and write them in the blanks.
1. A Monster.com blog ………………. the dangers of lying ………………. your résumé elicited
60 comments ………………. job seekers recommending lying.
2. Inflating the number of people or range of functions ………………. which you had direct
responsibility because you really did have a great deal of influence ………………. them.
3. These are called rationalizations – constructing a justification ………. a decision you suspect
is really wrong.
4. How would you feel if the shoe were …….the other foot?
5. Would you think the same way if the accomplishment …… question were reported
……………….the front page of the Wall Street Journal?
6. When …………… doubt, ask an old boss.

ACTIVITY 6: Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the word.
1. ethic
The committee judged that he had not behaved ………………………
Is it ……………………… to promote cigarettes through advertising?
The company was known for its poor business …………………… and many people refused to
buy its products.
Transplantation of organs from living donors raises …………………… issues.
2. justify
We are duty bound to …………………… how we spend our funds.
Her actions were quite ……………………… in the circumstances.
The Prime Minister has been asked to ……………… the decision to Parliament.
I can see no possible ……………………… for any further tax increases.
3. tempt
 I was ……………………… to take the day off.
How can we ……………………… young people into engineering?
It's very easy to yield to ……………………… and spend too much money.
It was a ……………………… offer.
4. inflate
The media have grossly ……………………… the significance of this meeting.
The principal effect of the demand for new houses was to ……………………… prices.
Wage increases must be in line with ……………….
5. suspect
It was ……………………… that the drugs had been brought into the country by boat.
He is the prime ……………………… in the case.
I've got a sneaking ……………………… that we're going the wrong way.
"I'm arresting you on ……………………… of illegally possessing drugs," said
the police officer.
The public were warned to be on the alert for ……………………… packages.
6. accomplish
She's a very ……………………… pianist.
The first part of the plan has been safely ……………………….
That's it. Mission ……………………….
It was one of the President's greatest ……………………….

ACTIVITY 7: Fill in each blank in the sentences below with one suitable word. When you
finish, turn back to page 98 and check your answers.
It is never OK to (1) ……………… on a résumé. But what about stretching the truth?
How much can you "dress up" your résumé to make yourself as strong a (2) ………………… as
possible without crossing the (3) ……………… line of deception?
Recommenders (4) ……………… lying by claiming: everyone else does it, companies lie about
job requirements, and it’s hard to get a good job. Executives (5) ……………… lying on their
résumés often lose their jobs. When you start using (6) ……………………….... -- constructing a
justification for a decision you suspect is really wrong -- you begin to fool yourself and develop
habits of (7) ……………… thinking. When in doubt, ask an old boss. It forces you to think
clearly and creatively, it checks the (8) …………….……… of your claims, it trains your old
boss in how to represent you during reference checks, and sometimes your old boss may give
you better ways to represent yourself.
 Unit 11: LEADERSHIP
ACTIVITY 1: Vocabulary
1. Gruff

2. Exude

3. derive from sth

4. step down = step aside

5. hand over sth (to sb)

= hand sth over (to sb)
= hand over (to sb)
6. draw sb (to sth)

7. intuition

8. predecessor

9. successor

10.credit [A (with B)]

11.single-handed

12.acquire

13.harbor

14.grim

ACTIVITY 2: Match the descriptions below (1-10) to these four people. Two of the
descriptions are not mentioned in the article.

a) Lindsay Owen-Jones c) Françios Dalle

b) Jean-Paul Agon d) Lindsay’s mother

1. had international ambitions from a very young age.

2. run L’Oréal.
3. is Chairman of L’Oréal.
4. was attracted to L’Oréal before it became very sucessful.
5. relaxes by sailing and skiing.
6. was attracted by the lifestyle of the rich and famous.
7. ran the company on his own.
8. likes going to concerts and reading.
9. climed the career ladder at L’Oréal.
10. dreamed of parties at Monte Carlo.
ACTIVITY 3: Read the article again and answer these questions.
1. What is L’Oréal?
2. What are L’Oréal ’s products?
3. What are L’Oréal’s brands?
4. What contributed to the company’s success?
5. Who positively affected Sir Lindsay?
ACTIVITY 4: Pronoun Reference
What does the underlined pronoun refer to?
1. “He credits his predecessor, François Dalle, with teaching him basic business sense ...”
(paragraph 6)
→ ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. “He single-handedly ran this company and did every marketing job for every brand, all at the
same time.” (paragraph 7)
→ ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ACTIVITY 5: Word Form
1. Please enclose a recent passport-sized ................ of yourself. (photography)
2. ................ of the land is currently being disputed. (own)
3. If you want to attract more customers, try ................ in the local paper. (advertise)
4. Clare has a mature and ................ attitude to work. (responsibility)
5. A ................ is a piece of equipment used for sending electronic signals, especially radio or
television signals.
(transmit)
ACTIVITY 6: Words in Phrases (E, page 107, Course Book)
1. Such expertise derives ................ the fact that Sir Lindsay is frequently photographed.
2. Although he stepped ................ ................ the day-to-day running of the company two years
ago, handing ................ the job ................ Jean-Paul Agon, he remains Chairman.
3. He credits his predecessor, François Dalle, ................ teaching him basic business sense.
4. ...while he was working his way ................ the ranks of L’Oréal.
5. My mother dreamed ................ parties at Monte Carlo.

Unit 12: COMPETITION

ACTIVITY 1: Read the first two paragraphs of the article. Which company is focusing more
on the international market?

ACTIVITY 2: Vocabulary

1. head-to-head

2. stir sth  up
3. preside (over sth)

4. earmark (for sth)

5. set (for sth / to do sth)

6. roll sth  out

7. barista

8. side-swipe (at sb/sth)

ACTIVITY 3: Read the whole article, then look at these company plans. Write ‘M’
(McDonald’s) or
‘S’ (Starbucks) for each one.
1. start competing in the coffee-bar market
2. replace their Chief Executive
3. slow expansion in the US
4. introduce coffee bars with ‘baristas’
5. close under-performing stores
6. focus on international plans
7. allow customers to see drinks being made
8. use simple sizes for coffees
9. probably offer coffee at a lower price than their major competitors

ACTIVITY 4: True – False – Not given

1. The Starbucks’ stores which have been performing badly will soon be closed.
2. Money will be used for Starbucks’s international expansion plans instead of opening new
stores in the US.
3. Starbucks still gets the vast majority of its revenue from its more than 19,000 cafes worldwide.
4. McDonald’s beverages are more famous than its burgers.
5. McDonald's mission is to continuously improve its social and environmental performance
throughout communities it serves in more than 100 countries every day.
6. McDonald’s planned to roll out snack bars in its North American stores.
7. In the past, McDonald’s consumers could not see their drinks being made.

ACTIVITY 5: Understanding Reference and Vocabulary

1. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “replicate” as used in paragraph 2?
a. populate
b. allocate
c. duplicate
d. delegate
2. What does the word “who” in line 14 refer to?
a. Starbucks
b. Dunkin’ Donuts and McDonald’s
c. McDonald’s
d. Howard Schultz
3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “demystify” as used in paragraph 6?
a. to reduce in importance, size, scope, etc.
b. to reduce the level or intensity of (a crisis, etc.)
c. to disconnect (an electrical circuit) from its source
d. to make sth easier to understand and less complicated by explaining it in a clear and simple
way
4. What does the word “he” in line 23 refer to?
a. Jim Donald
b. Howard Schultz
c. A McDonald’s spokesman
d. A barista

ACTIVITY 6: Reread the article’s headline and first three paragraphs and find the
prepositions that go with these verbs.
1. stir
2. replace
3. lose
4. focus
5. take

ACTIVITY 7: Match the verbs and prepositions in Activity 6 with the meanings (a – e).
a) to not get something because someone else gets it instead.
b) to compete or fight against someone
c) to give all your attention to a particular thing
d) to take something else’s place
e) to deliberately cause problems

ACTIVITY 8: Match the phrasal verbs with take (1–5) with the meanings (a – e).
1. be taken aback
2. take off
3. take on
4. take out
5. take over
a) grow rapidly
b) give employment to
c) be surprised
d) gain control of a company
e) arrange (of money)

ACTIVITY 9: Complete the sentences with an appropriate form of take and a preposition
1. We were going to ................ ................ five new staff next month, but then the economy
crashed.
2. They pretended it was a merger, but it feels like we were ................ ................
3. We were ................ ................ when the president announced his resignation.
4. It is very difficult to ............... ............... a loan these days.
5. After the new product launch, sales are expected to ................ ................

ACTIVITY 10: Word Form

1. appointment
An ................. is a person who is appointed or assigned to a position or a public or private office
or to perform a task.
2. replicate
................ is the process of making a replica (a copy) of something.
3. competitive
Keeping all your production plants within the United States could cripple your margins and
affect your ability to price products ..................
4. consumer
She's making an effort to live more simply and ................. less.
5. simplistic
In a complex world filled with work demands, family commitments, and general red tape,
sometimes we have to make a conscious choice to ................ things.