GCSE Chemistry for You, Fifth Edition

Answers to End-of-chapter questions

for Chapter 17, More carbon chemistry

It is very important that you are able to answer the questions on your own, using your
own knowledge of Chemistry.
Have a go at the questions first, and then check your answers using this page.
If you get a question wrong, try to work out where you have made an error.

1. ethanol; fermenting; yeast; carbon dioxide; ethene; sour; ethanoic; oxidation;

carboxylic; esters; sulfuric

2. a) non-toxic, volatile enough to evaporate slowly but not too quickly, unreactive
with and insoluble in water, not irritant
b) esters
c) The perfume evaporates and then diffuses into the air
d) solvents, food flavourings

3. The diagram should include: combustion of alcohols; reaction of alcohols with

sodium; oxidation of alcohols; reaction of carboxylic acids with metals; carbonates
and hydrogencarbonates, and reaction of alcohols with carboxylic acids.

4. a) ethanoic acid
b) oranges, lemons, limes or any named citrus fruit
c) vitamin C
d) pain relief; reducing risk of heart attacks

5. a) methanoic acid
b) propanoic acid

c) methanol

6. The discussion might include:

Hydration of ethene is faster, produces a purer product, does not rely on crop
harvests so is more reliable, is a continuous process but uses up non-renewable
crude oil as a raw material.
Fermentation has a lower energy requirement, is a batch process so harder to
automate, uses renewable resources, and when burned the carbon dioxide released
only puts back into the atmosphere the carbon dioxide the plants absorbed when
growing.

Oxford University Press GCSE Chemistry for You, Fifth Edition © Ryan Books Ltd, 2016     page 1 of 1