Matematik  Tingkatan 3  Jawapan Bab 1

Jawapan Bab 1 7. (a) (–0.2)5 × (–0.2)2

= (–0.2)5 + 2
10.
710 ÷ 75
= (–0.2)7 7 ÷7
8 3
79 ÷ 74
75
1. Asas 2 (e) 64 = 4 × 4 × 4 76 ÷ 7
2 –3 –1.8 k 8 (b) p6 × p12
Base 3 125 5 5 5 712 ÷ 77
= p6 + 12 715 ÷ 710
= 4 1 2
3
Indeks
3 7 6 2 9 m = p18 713 ÷ 78
Index 5
2. 4 64 5 125
(i) (ii)
4 16 5  25 (c) 9 × 93 × 910 11. (a) 86 ÷ 82 = 86 – 2
810 1.4 × 1.4 × 1.4 × 1.4 × 1.4 × 1.4
4  4 5   5 = 91 + 3 + 10 = 84
(–9)5 1– 17 2 × 1– 17 2 × 1– 17 2 × 1– 17 2
 1

  1 = 914
(b) 3 9 = 318 – 9
18

3
1 2 21 × 21 ×21 ×21 ×21 ×21 4. (a) (–3)5 = (–3) × (–3) × (–3) × (–3) × (–3)
7
(d) 2x × x × 9x
3 7 5
3 = 39
5 8 8 8 8 8 8 = –243
4 3 4 4 4 = (2 × 9) × (x3 × x7 × x5)
(–0.6)4 m×m×m×m×m×m×m (b) 1 2 = × ×
5 5 5 5 = 18x3 + 7 + 5 (c) x16 ÷ x4 ÷ x2 = x16 – 4 – 2
(2n)8 (–9p) × (–9p) × (–9p) × (–9p) = x10
64 = 18x15
=
3. (a) 256 = 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 125
(d) 14y7 ÷ 2y = 14y
7
= 44 (c) 0.64 = 0.6 × 0.6 × 0.6 × 0.6 8. (a) 36 × 52 × 34 × 53 2y
4 256 = 0.1296 = 3­6 × 34 × 52 × 53 = 7y7 – 1
4  64
= 3 6 + 4 × 52 + 3 = 7y6
(d) 11 4 2 = 111 2
2 2
4  16
7 7 = 310 × 55
4  4 (e) 36k7 ÷ 6k2 ÷ k2
 1 = 11 × 11 (b) (–0.7)4 × 62 × (–0.7)5 × 66
= 36k2 ÷ k2
7
7 7
= (–0.7)4 × (–0.7)5 × 62 × 66 6k
(b) 32 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 121
49 = (–0.7)4 + 5 × 62 + 6 = 6k7 – 2 ÷ k2
= 25
= (–0.7)9 × 68 = 6k5 ÷ k2
2 32
5. (a) (3 × 3) × (3 × 3 × 3 × 3) = 3
2
×3
4 = 6k5 – 2
2 16 (c) –u2 × 3v3 × 5v3 × u4
6 = 6k3
2  8 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 3 = (–1 × 3 × 5) × (u2 × u4 × v3 × v3)
2  4 4 3 = –15u2 + 4 v3 + 3 (f ) –25m10 ÷ 5m2 ÷ 5m3
2  2 (b) (p × p × p × p) × (p × p × p) = p ×p
= –25m2 ÷ 5m3
10
= –15u6 v6
 1 p × p × p × p × p × p × p = p
7
5m
(c) 625 = (–5) × (–5) × (–5) × (–5) Secara generalisasi / By generalisation, 9. 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 2
6
= –5m10 – 2 ÷ 5m3
(a) = –5m8 ÷ 5m3
= (–5)4 m+n 2×2×2 3
a ×a =a
m n
2 = –1m8 – 3
–5 +625 = –m5
2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 2

3
–5 –125
6. 2×2×2
–5 + 25 (g) x9y11 ÷ x3y9 = x9 – 3 y11 – 9
63 × 612
–5 – 5 8
= x6y2
+ 1 62 × 613 65 × 610 p
(b) p8 ÷ p4 = (h) 35g4h8 ÷ 5g2h4
615 4
p 35
(d) 1 = 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 64 × 611 69 × 66 = g4 – 2 h8 – 4
243 3 3 3 3 3 p×p×p×p×p×p×p×p =p 4 5
615 × 60 68 × 67
= 1 1 2 =7g2 h4
5
p×p×p×p
3 3 243 121m7 n6 = 11m7 – 1 n6 – 5
Secara generalisasi (i)
3 81
11mn = 11m6n
5
By generalisation,
3 27
m–n
3 9 am ÷ an = a 7
3 3 12. (a) 5 ÷ 52 ÷ 54 = 5
1

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 Matematik  Tingkatan 3  Jawapan Bab 1 Matematik  Tingkatan 3  Jawapan Bab 1

(b) a
5
 b ÷ a b
2
  = ab 19. 24.
(d) 22 = 22 × 4
4 4 2 3 4 3×4

6 5
1 2 5 4–1
as
6–2
as
9–5
as
10–6
as
p–7
as
(2x)–3
as
(jk)–6 Indeks
7
(c) a b ×9 a  b = a9b
12 5   2 3 5 4 2 4
6
pecahan
= 28
12
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 16 4 49 2 125 3 x9 y7 a5
ab 5 4 62 95 106 p7 (2x)3 (jk)6 Fractional
2 index
(d) 56a b × a b
9 3 9
= 7a  b2
1 xy 2 = x1 × 6
7 6 7×6
(e) n
√am
4
√163 √495 3
√1257
9
√x4
7
√y2
5
√a4
20. (a) 3 = 5
–1
8 a3b y
5
1 2
3
= x6
42

(b) 1–3 = 63
n 4 3 9 7 5
13. 8x × 3y = 8 × 3 y  ( √a )m ( √16 )3 (√49 )5 (√125 )7 ( √x  )4 ( √y  )2 ( √a  )4
83 × 36 6
1 1 1 1 1 1 1

(f ) 4p2 = 45 × p2 × 5
3 5 5 3×5
8x – 3 = 81 3y – 6 = 31 Maka/ Hence, 1 2
3q 3 ×q (c) 1–5 = x5 (am) n (163) 4 (495) 2 (1257) 3 (x4) 9 (y2) 7 (a4) 5
x – 3 = 1 y – 6 = 1 x + y = 4 + 7 x 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

= 45p10
5 15
x = 4 y = 7 = 11 (a n )m (16 4 )3 (49 2 )5 (125 3 )7 (x 9 )4 (y 7 )2 (a 5 )4
(d) 4 = 7
–2 2
3q
7
1 2 4
1 2
5
14. (a) 49 × 49 × 49 × 49 × 49 = (49) 1

17. (a) (i) 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 1 (e) 2 y –4 = 2 4

4
25. (a) 16 4 = √16

49 + 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 = 4
45
2×2×2×2 9 9y =2
24 = 2
4 4–4 0 1
7 =2 (b) 243 5 = √243
5

21. (a) 1 = 4–6

6
(b) 2p × 2p × 2p × 2p × 2p × 2p × 2p = (2p) 2
4
1 2 =3
2p + p + p + p + p + p + p = 2
7p
(ii) p × p × p = 1 3
p×p×p (b) 32 = 1–2 (c) 9 2 = (√9 )3
Secara generalisasi, p3 = p  3 – 3 = p  0 3 = 33
By generalisation,
p3 = 27
(c) 5 = 1 95 2
–1
mn
(am)n = a 9 3
Secara generalisasi, (d) 81 4 = ( √81)3
4
By generalisation, 1
15. (a) (9 ) = 9
2 8 2×8
(d) (–7) = 5 = 33
= 916 a0 = 1 (–7)–5 = 27
(b) (k3)6 = k3 × 6
1 kj 2 = 1 kj 2
6 –6 5
(e) 6
= k18 (e) 729 6 = (√729 )5
2×2×2×2 1 = 35
(c) (x11)2 = x 11 × 2 (b) (i) = 3
2×2×2×2×2×2×2 2 22. (a) x2 = 25 x2 = 25 = 243
= x22 1 1
2 =24 4–7
=2
–3
2 2
2

(d) (2y3)4 = 21 × 4 × y3 × 4 √x2 = √52   (x2) = (52) (f ) 125 3 = ( √125)2

3
27
= 16y12 x = 5 x1 = 51 = (5)2
p×p×p 1 = 25
(e) [(–5)2]3 = (–5)2 × 3 (ii) = 2 (b) x3 = 27 x3 = 27
p×p×p×p×p p 2
= (–5)6 1 1 5
3 3 3 3 (g) 32 5 = ( √32 )2
p = p 
3 3–5 –2
√x3 = √33   (x3) = (33)
(f ) [(–j ) ] = (–j)
5 5 5×5 = p  = (2)2
p5 x = 3 x1 = 31 =4
= (–j )25
1
Secara generalisasi, Secara generalisasi, / By generalisation, n√a = a  n
16. (a) (95 × 83 × 46)2 By generalisation, 26.
= 95 × 2 × 83 × 2 × 4­6 × 2
1 1
= 910 × 86 × 412 a–n = ;  a ≠ 0 23. 23 ÷ 22 23 × 22 2–3 20 22 (23)2
an 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

(b) (2j kh )
2 6 5
25 2
64 3
32 5
256 4
h 7
k 10
36 2

as as as as as as
= 25 × j 2 × 5 × k5 × h6 × 5
18. (b) 20 = 1   3 √25
3
√64
5
√32
4
√256
7
√h
10
√k √36
= 25 j 10k5h 30
1
1 √2 2 32 64
(c) (7m0n)4 (c) p = 1  0
3 8

= 74m0n4
= 74(1)n4
= 74n4

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 Matematik  Tingkatan 3  Jawapan Bab 1 Matematik  Tingkatan 3  Jawapan Bab 1
1
0. (a) 32(32x – 1) ÷ (34)x = 33
3 3. 93 = (9 2 )6 8. (a)
1 3
32 × 32x – 1 ÷ 34x = 33 (p2 × p3)2 p–2
(3x y  ) × 3 x y
2 4 2 2 2 3
= 36
27. (a) 32 + 2x – 1 – 4x = 33
18x2y –3 Jawapan/ Answer : A 3
1 1
2( ) 4( )
1 3 31 – 2x = 33 p2
3 x
2 2
y ×3 xy 2 2 2 3
Bandingkan indeks, 1 = 1 = k– 13
= 4.
18x2y–3 1
p4
Compare the indices √k 1p 2
3
k3 5
2
p2
1
+
3
1 – 2x = 3
3 2 2
Jawapan/ Answer : C
= 1 18 2x y
1 + 2 – 2 2 + 3 – (–3) –2x = 2
1 1 1
p10
x = –1 2 2 6×

5. (81h ) × h3k9 = 81 h3
6 2
× h3k9
= 3 xy8
2

18
1 2 (b) 41(42x) = 43(2 – x) ÷ 44
3k3 3k 4
(√p3)2
= 9h3 × h3k9
3
p12
= 1 xy8 41 × 42x = 46 – 3x ÷ 44 3k
2 41 + 2x = 46 – 3x – 4
= 3ℎ3+3k9−3
41 + 2x = 42 – 3x = 3ℎ6k6
3 1
(b) 7  
8 4 p–4q5 × (8p12q4) 4 Bandingkan indeks,
(b) 1 Jawapan/ Answer : B
Compare the indices
(2 p q )3 10 4 2 an, a dikenali sebagai asas dan n dikenali
3 1 1 1
1 + 2x = 2 – 3x 6. Luas/Area sebagai indeks.
3( ) 3( ) 12( ) 4( )
2x + 3x = 2 – 1
= 2 p–4­q5 × 2 p q
4 4 4 4
= (4 × 2 × 4√m5 ) × (2 × 4√m5 ) a is known as the base and n is known as the index.
1
6( ) 10( ) 4( )
1 1
x = 1 = 16 × (4√m5 )2 p3 × p2 × q4
2 2
p 2
q 2
5 5
9. (a) = pnq–2
9 3 qm
+ (c) Nilai N selepas dua tahun = 16 × (m ) 4 2

1 2 2 2p
4 4
= q
–4 + 3 – 5 5 + 1 – 2
The value of N after two years 5 p q
3 + 2 4 – m
= pnq–2
3
=2+ 1 = 16 × m 2 p5q4 – m = pnq–2
1.22 × 12 = 16 × √m5 
= p q –6­ 4
= 2 + 1 24 n = 5, 4 – m = –2
1.2 Jawapan/ Answer : C
q4 m = 6
= 6 = 2.01
p

(d) 4x × 4y = 43 BAHAGIAN B 3 12
1
1 1
4x + y = 43 2 1 (b) 82 = (2 )2 = (2 ) 2
(25 ) × (25 )
4 3 2 12
82 = (8)2 82 = (23)2
28. (a) x + y = 3............ 7. (a) (7 × 56 )
3 3 2

(2–2)2
72(2x) ÷ 7y = 72 1
2 3

5
2(4)( )
1
3
×5
2(2)(
1
12
)
74x – y = 72
=   49 31 × 56 24
3 = (2 )2 = 26
1
= = (2
12
)2
2–2(2) 4x – y = 2............ 2

8 1  + : = 2 744 3

= 5 ×–45
3 3
x + 4x = 3 + 2 BAHAGIAN C
2 x = 1 = 196
8 1
+
=5 3
× 24
3 Gantikan x = 1 dalam  10. (a) (i) 32 × 3x = 34
3 1
= 5 3 × 24 Substitute x = 1 into  –  32 + x = 34
(b) 20, 64 2 ,  0, –27 3  , –20
= 2 000 1 + y = 3 2 + x = 4
y = 2 2 x = 2
(b) ( √16) ×1 5
4 3 –2
125 3 = 25 ;
(ii) 2y × 42 = 32
Praktis Masteri 1
1
(16 )
5 4
–27 = −3 ; 3
2y × (22)2 = 25
1
4( )(3) BAHAGIAN A 3 2y × 24 = 25
= 1  ;
– 
= 2 × 5–2
4
2 64 2
2y + 4 = 25
1
4(5)( ) 1. √5 = 5
3 2 3 512
2 4 y + 4 = 5
\ k = 5, m = 2, n = 3 (√49)3 = 343
= 23 – 5 × 5–2 y = 1
Jawapan/ Answer : C
= 2 1 2
2 ×5
2. p × p × p × p × p = (–2)q
= 1
100 p5 = (–2)q
\ p = –2, q = 5
Jawapan/ Answer : B

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 Matematik  Tingkatan 3  Jawapan Bab 1

(b) 2x × 2y = 128 (c) Isi padu 16 buah kuboid

2x + y = 27 Volume of 16 cuboids
x + y = 7 …… 1 = 16 × (2 × 32n) × 3n × 2n
= 24 × 2 × 32n × 3n × 2n
6x = 36y = 24 × 2 × 2n × 32n × 3n
6 = 24 + 1 + n × 32n + n
6x – 1 = (62)y
= (2n + 5 × 33n) cm3
6 = 62y
x–1

x – 1 = 2y
Fokus KBAT
x – 2y = 1 …… 2
1. 2x × 27x = 110
2
1 – 2: y – (–2y) = 7 – 1
2
3y = 6 2x × 27x = 2–10
2

y = 2 2 x2 + 7x
= 2–10­
Gantikan y = 2 ke dalam 1:
Substitute y = 2 into 1: Secara perbandingan / By comparison,
x+2=7
x2 + 7x = –10
x = 5 x2 + 7x + 10 = 0
(x + 5)(x + 2) = 0
(c) P = 2n, Q = 3n x + 5 = 0
PQ = 7 776 x = –5
2n × 3n = 7 776
   atau/ or
6n = 65
x + 2 = 0
n = 5
x = –2
P = 25
= 32 Maka, nilai-nilai x yang mungkin ialah –5 dan –2.
Hence, the possible values of x are –5 and –2.
Q = 35
= 243
2. 64x × 22y = 22
26(x) × 22y = 22
11. (a) (i) 4 096 = 84 26x + 2y = 22
8 4 096 6x + 2y = 2 …… 1
8   512
8    64 3x × 1y = 27
3
8     8
3x × 3–y = 33
    1
3x – y = 33
(ii) 4 096 = 84 x – y = 3 …… 2
1

= (8 3 )12
= 212 Daripada / From 2, y = x – 3 …… 3

(b) 92x
2+x
= 96 Gantikan 3 ke dalam 1,
Bandingkan indeks, Substitute 3 into 1,
Compare the indices, 6x + 2(x – 3) = 2
2x2 + x = 6 6x + 2x – 6 = 2
2x2 + x – 6 = 0 8x = 8
(2x – 3)(x + 2) = 0 x=1
2x – 3 = 0  atau/or x + 2 = 0 Gantikan x = 1 ke dalam 3,
x = 3  atau/or x = –2 Substitute x = 1 into 3,
2 y = x – 3
=1–3
= –2
Maka / Hence, x = 1 dan / and y = –2

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