The Big Bang theory is one theory for the origin of the Universe. The Big Bang theory suggests: + the Universe had a beginning + the Universe is still expanding Which of these provides evidence that the Universe had a beginning? a a a a A B c D the discovery of other galaxies ‘the discovery of the moons of Jupiter the discovery of planets orbiting distant stars the discovery of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation The Sunis at the centre of our Solar System. The planets orbit the Sun. Which planet is nearest to the Sun? oooada 900 D> Jupiter Mars Mercury Venus Which of these planets is at the greatest distance from the Sun? a oo90 A Jupiter Mars B C Neptune D VenusThe Asteroid Belt is part of our Solar System. Vestais an asteroid in the Asteroid Belt. Vesta orbits the Sun between the orbits of OA Venus and Earth CO B_Earthand Mars O C Mars and Jupiter OD Jupiterand Saturn Light from distant galaxies appears red-shifted to observers on Earth. (a) Which of the following ideas does this provide evidence for? 1. The Big Bang Theory 2. The Universe is expanding 3. Distant Galaxies are moving both towards us and away from us [mark] > lonly Jand2 . Zonly c. D. 1,2and3(a) Which of the following statements provides evidence that the universe is expanding? [mark] A. light from galaxies is red shifted B. nuclear fusion occursin stars C. many stars have orbiting planets D. stars form fromlarge clouds of dust and gas The diagram shows the orbits of some objects in the Solar System. Path X is the orbit of a A. Comet B. Galaxy C, Planet D. StarThe object at the centre of our Solar System is A. Acomet B. The Earth c. The Moon D. The Sun Which of the planets listed is the gaseous planet which is closest to the Sun? A. Jupiter B. Mars c. Saturn Uranus What creates the periodic nature of the seasons? A. The tilting of the Earth's axis B. The orbiting of the Earth around the Sun C. The combination of the orbiting of the Earth around the Sun and the Earth's tilting axis D. The change in temperature of the Sun.Which of the following objects are described as orbiting the Sun? 1. Asteroids 2. Comets 3. Galaxies 4. Moons A. 1 and 2 only B. 1,2 and3 «1,2, and 4 D. 1, 2,3 and4 Which of the following statements about the strength of a gravitational field is correct? At the surface of a planet it surface of @ planet Around a planet it depends on decreases as the distance from the planet A the diameter of the planet ° a increases increases as the distance from the planet B the diameter of the planet i decreases decreases as the distance from the planet c the mass of the planet ° a increases increases as the distance from the planet D the mass of the planet increasesWhich of the following statements about orbits is true? A. All planets, minor planets and comets have elliptical orbits B. The Sun is at the centre of an elliptical orbit C. Only comets and minor planets have elliptical orbits D. An object in an elliptical orbit has a constant orbital radius Which two elements are the most commonly found in the Sun? A. Hydrogen and oxygen B. Helium and carbon C. Hydrogen and helium D. Nitrogen and oxygen What does the constant 2.2 x 10-18 s-! represent? A. 1 light year B. Red-shift Cc. The CMBR BD. The Hubble constantLight from distant galaxies appears red-shifted to observers on Earth. Which of the following ideas does this provide evidence for? 1. The Big Bang Theory 2. The Universe is expanding 3. Distant Galaxies are moving both towards us and away from us A. 1 only B. 1 and2 . 2 only D. 1,2 and3 Which of the following describes the lifecycle of a star about the size of the Sun? A. interstellar hydrogen clouds — protostar — main sequence star — red supergiant — black hole B. interstellar hydrogen clouds — planetary nebula — main sequence star — red giant — protostar—> white dwarf C. interstellar hydrogen clouds — protostar —- main sequence star — red giant — planetary nebula —> white dwarf D. interstellar hydrogen clouds — protostar — main sequence star —> red supergiant — neutron starWhich part of the electromagnetic spectrum does the Sun radiate most of its energy in? A. radio, visible and gamma B, infrared, visible and ultraviolet G. infrared, X-rays and gamma D. infrared, visible and gamma