NATIONAL FOREST POLICIES

1894, 1952, 1988.

FOREST POLICY 1894

 It is mainly concentrate only agriculture

growth.

 Supplying small timber for public benefits

Diverting forest land to agricultural purposes
 Forest area divided in to

 1.Protected forest- improvement of climatic

 2. Commercial forest- supply of timber
 3. Minor forests- collection of fire wood
 4. Pasture lands- cattle raring
SPECIAL OBJECTS

 Scientific management of forest ,Forest

conservation ,Wild life conservation, Women
involvement ,Tribal development, Forestry
Research and education.
 The sole object with which State forests are
administered is the public benefit.
FOREST POLICY 1952

 The First Forest Policy of 1894 was revised in

1952 .
 On the basis of six dominant needs of the
country, essential national needs ; The need
for balanced and complementary land-use.
 The need for checking of soil erosion
Denudation in the catchments areas for soil
and water conservation.
SPECIAL OBJECTS

 Establishing treelands- public use Ensuring

increasing supplies of grazing, small wood for
agricultural implements, sustained supply of
timber - defense, communications and industry.

 Tree awareness among the people by publicity,

by celebrating the VanaMahotsava.
 CONTD.…

 Maintaining one-third of its total land area

under forests.

 60 % forests in the Himalayas, the Deccan,

and other mountainous 20% forests-In the
plains.
Functional classification of forests
(A) Protection forests- Physical, climatic
considerations
(B) National forests-Defence,
communications, industry
(C) Village forest-Local requirements
(D) Tree lands- Public use
FOREST POLICY 1988

 To ensure environmental stability and

maintenance of ecological balance
Conserving the natural heritage of the
country by preserving the remaining natural
forests.

 Checking soil erosion and denudation in the

catchment areas of rivers
SPECIAL OBJECTS

 Increasing substantially through afforestation

and social forestry programmes.

 Meeting the requirements of fuel-wood,

fodder, of the rural and tribal populations.

 Increasing the productivity of forests to meet

essential national needs.
CONTD……

 Creating a people's movement with the

involvement of women, for achieving these
objectives.

 Tribal development, symbiotic relationship

between the tribal people and forests.

 Construction of dams and reservoirs, mining

and industrial development compensatory by
afforestation.
Forest area divided into
1.reserved forest
2.protected forest
3.unclass forest
 Indian forest Act , 1927

The Indian Forest Act, 1927 was largely based on

previous Indian Forest Acts implemented under the British
,the Indian forest act of 1878.

The 1927 act sought to consolidate and reserve the areas

having forest cover, or significant wildlife, to regulate
movement and transit of forest produce, and duty livable
on timber and other forest produce.
 Indian forest Act , 1927

THE INDIAN FOREST ACT, 1927

An Act to consolidate the law relating to forests, the

transit of forest-produce and the duty livable on timber
and other forest-produce.

It was formulated in 21st September, 1927

13 chapters 86 sections
FOREST CONSERVATION ACT-1980
 OBJECTIVES

 FC ACT, 1980 - a Regulatory Act,

not prohibitory

 The Act is an interface between conservation and

development

 Permits judicious and regulated use of forest

land for non-forestry purposes
Background
Indiscriminate and massive diversion of forest land for non forestry purposes

since independence.

Approximately 4.3 million ha. of forest land diverted during 1950 to 1980 for

non forestry purposes.

The subject “forest” was brought in the concurrent list in 1977.

In 1980, the Forest (Conservation) Act was enacted for providing a higher level

of protection to the forests.

FOREST CONSERVATION ACT-1980
PURPOSE OF THE ACT
Enacted for preventing and regulating the diversion of forest
land for non forestry purposes

Central government –approval-de reserving of reserved forest

Central government-approval –diversion of forest land for non
forestry purposes
Central government-rules laid before both the houses of the
parliament
THE INDIAN WILDLIFE
(PROTECTION) ACT,
1972
 Introduction
 An Act to provide for the protection of wild animals,
birds and plants and for matters connected therewith
or ancillary or incidental there to with a view to
ensuring the ecological and environmental security
of the country .
 7 chapters and 66 sections.
 Amenments (due to certain lacuna and shortage)
upto OCT 2nd1991.
Important sections
 Sec18 - Declaration of Sanctuary
 Sec 35 - Declaration of National Parks
Any questions