AQUINAS COLLEGE

JAFFNA

NAME: T. DANUSHIYA

PROGRAMME NAME: DIPLOMA IN ICT

ASSIGNMENT TITLE: HADWARE

ASSIGNMENT NUMBER:03
CONTENTS

What is computer?.................................................................................................01

Generation of computer…………………………………………………………………………………….02

2.1 First Generation of Computer

2.2 Second Generation of Computer

2.3 Third Generation of Computer

2.4 Fourth Generation of Computer

2.5 Fifth Generation of Computer

Types of computer………………………………………………………………………………………………03

3.1 Data handling

3.2 size

3.3 purpose

Computer hardware…………………………………………………………………………………………….04

4.1 Input device

4.2 Processing unit

4.3 Storage device

4.4 Output device

4.5 Other device

Where the place to need computer in school…………………………………………………….05

What are the equipment required in school?........................................................06

Network set-up equipment’s things……………………………………………………………………07

Budget ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….08
 WHAT IS COMPUTER?
❖ A computer is an electronic device.
❖That manipulates data according to set
of

instruction.
❖A computer is a programmable
machine that

receives input, stores and provides

output.

GENERATION OF COMPUTER

There are five generations of computers.

1. First Generation (1951-1959)

2. Second Generation (1959-1963)
3. Third Generation (1963-1975)
4. Fourth Generation (1975-1980)
5. Fifth Generation(1980-Today)

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

 First Generation Computer

Time -1951-1959

Technology - Vacuum Tubes

Size -very large system

Processing - very slow

Example - Electronic numeric integrator and calculator

(ENIAC)

Second Generation Computer

Time - 1959-1963

Technology - Transistor

Size - Smaller

Processing - Faster

Example - Printers, Disk storage, operating systems

Third Generation Computer

Time - 1963-1975

Technology - Integrated circuits system (ICS)

Size - Small as compared to 2nd Generation

computer

Processing - Faster than 2nd generation computer

Example - IBM-360 series, Honeywell-6000 series,

Personal Data Processor (PDP)
 Fourth Generation Computer

Time - 1975-1980

Technology - Very large-scale integration

(VLSI)

Size - Small as compared First

Generation Computer

Processing - Faster than First Generation

computer

Example - Micral, IBM-5100, Altair 8008

Fifth Generation Computer

Time - 1980-Today

Technology - Ultra large-scale integration (ULSI)

Size - Smaller

Processing - Faster

Example - ROBOTS
Types Of Computers

Computers are mainly classified three types

• Data handling
• Size
• Purpose

Size

1. Micro computer
➢ Microcomputer also called as portable computer
➢ They are the least powerful
a. Desktop computer
b. Laptop
c. Handheld computer
d. Tablet computer
e. Personal digital assistant

2. Mini computer
➢ These are smaller in size, faster, lower than mainframe computer.
➢ It’s use specific tasks like engineering and computer aide design
(CAD) calculation. Now they are used central computer(server).
a. IBM-17
b. DEC PDP-11
c. HP-9000

3. Mainframe computer
➢ Mainframe computer are having large internal memory storage.
➢ It allows large number of people to work at the same time.
a. IBM – 370
b. IBM – S/370
c. UNIVAC - 1110
 4. Super computer
➢ Super computer are the fastest and most expensive machines.
➢ Most powerful and large in size and memory and high speed compared
to other computers.
➢ They are used for weather forecasting, nuclear research, military
agencies and scientific research laboratories.

Data handling

1. Analog computer
➢ Analog computers are job-oriented computers.
➢ It uses arithmetic and logical operation by manipulating and processing
of data.
Eg: Thermos meter
Speedo meter
Seismograph

2. Digital computer
➢ Digital computers work by calculating the binary digits.
➢ It’s performing mathematical calculation, combines the bytes to
produce desired graphics, sounds.
Eg: Desktop(pc)
Laptop
Smartphone

3. Hybrid computer
➢ Hybrid computers are the combination of analog computer and digital
computer.
Eg: ECG
DIALYSIS
CT SCANNER
PURPOSE

1. General purpose computer

➢ General purpose computer used to solve of problems by changing the
program or instruction.
Eg: To make database
Calculations
Accounting

2. Special purpose computer

➢ Special purpose computers are used to solve a single and dedicated
type of problems.
Eg: Automatic aircraft landing
Multimedia computer
Washing machine

COMPUTER HARDWARE

❖ Computer hardware is the physical part or components of the computer.

❖ The term hardware refers to mechanical device that makes up computer.
Computer electronic devices that we can use to control computers operation,
input and output.
❖ That we can touch these parts. These are the primary electronic devices used to
build up the computer.
Hardware types and examples

➢ Computer To satisfy user need

1. Input devices
Input devices of the computer is used for enter the data or information
in to the computer directly.
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Touch screen
• Scanner
• Joystick
2. Processing unit
CPU
3. Storage devices
Storage devices of the computer is used for store data or information
into the computer directly.
• Hard disk
• SSD
• pen drive
• memory card
4. Output devices
Output devices of the computer is used for taking the results of
inputted data on the output devices.
• Monitor
• Head phone
• Printer
• speaker
5. Other devices
• Power supply
I AM IT ADMIN SO WHAT CAN I DO FOR DEVELOP THE
SCHOOL?

Where the places to need computer in school?

❖ IT admin office
❖ Principal office
❖ Administrative/staff office
❖ It laps
❖ Library
❖ Smart class room (36)

What are the equipment is required in school?

❖ Pc
❖ Monitor
❖ Keyboard
❖ Mouse
❖ Ups
❖ Speaker
❖ Printer
❖ Scanner
❖ Laptop
❖ USB (pen drive)
❖ Headphone
❖ Projector screen
❖ Chair
❖ Table
PC

❖ A personal computer (PC) is a microcomputer designed for use by one person

at a time. WE use PC in offices and homes, and each office and home can
have multiple personal computers depending on how many people are
working/living there. There are different styles of PCs, and they can run on
different operating systems. The most popular type if PC uses the Windows
OS.

PC BRANDS

❖ HP
❖ Apple
❖ LENOVO
❖ DELL
❖ ASUS
❖ ACER
❖ SAMSONG
❖ SONY
❖ HUAWEI
❖

Suggestion:

➢ I suggest DELL VOSTRO 3910 INTEL CORE I3 -12100 8GB 1TB

DOS (12GEN) to IT lap (40), Principal office (1), admin office (8),
library (1), smart classroom (6-11(6 division) =36) because it is
powerful CPU that can handle most of school works and 1tb hard
drive provide ample storage space foe school related files, such us
documents, presentation, and media files. It is good choice for
students and other school activities that can handle their daily tasks
efficiently.
Server

❖ A personal computer can be connected in to network as a sever.

Suggestion

I will suggest one sever in IT admin room. I select DELL OPTIPLEX

7080 INTEL CORE I7-10700 8GB 1TB WIN 10 because admin has
more and heavy work. All the computers connect to saver so its
system need very high capacity and high speed. it has a powerful
processor that can handle demanding tasks. mostly this type pc
designed for business use, so it has a roust build quality and designed
to easy service upgrade. This is good choice for sever.
MONITOR

❖ A monitor is output device.

That shows picture for
computer. Monitor often took
similar to television. The
main difference between a
monitor and television is that
a monitor does not have a television tuner to change channels.

Types of monitors

CRT (cathode ray tube)

MONITOR LCD (liquid crystal display)

LED (light-emitting diodes)

On the basis of color representation.

1.Monochrome

2.Greyscale

3.Coloured

Difference between CRT and LCD CRT monitor LCD monitor.

1.It is less expensive. 1.It is more expensive.

2. It takes up more desk space. 2.Doesnt take up much space.

3.It uses more energy. 3.Are more energy efficient.

4.It is heavier and bulkier. 4.Weights much less

5.It emits harmful radiation. 5.Doesnt emits radiation.

6.It is used only for PCs 6. Also used for laptops, PDAs, cellular phones.
Brands of monitor

• Dell
• Hp
• Skyview
• AOC
• LG
• ViewSonic
• Samsung
• Sony
• Apple
• Lenovo
• Asus
• Acer

Suggestion:

➢ I suggest HP V194 18.5INCH MONITOR all the department

(principal office, admin room, it lap, library) because this is school
purpose like writing assignments, researching and taking online class.
It’s not too large so easy move, and that can help reduce energy cost
and contribute to a greener environment. The monitor is a soils choice
for school purposes.
KEYBOARD

❖ Keyboard is an input device, that allow us to give instruction to the computer.

❖ There are actually 104 keys installed on the current keyboards The types of
keys are Numeric keys, Alphanumeric key, Cursor keys, Control keys,
Function keys.

Different types of keyboards

• Mechanical keyboard
➢ Mechanical keyboards named for the individual mechanical switch
under each key, can be more enjoyable to type on more durable and
more customizable than typical laptop or desktop keyboards which use
membrane butterfly or scissor switch mechanisms.

Advantages

o Longer lifespan.
o Improved typing experience.
o High stability.

Disadvantages

o Sound level.
o High price.
o High weight.
 • Membrane keyboard
➢ A Membrane keyboard is a computer keyboard whose ‘keys’ are not
separate, moving parts as with the majority of other keyboards, but
rather are pressure pads that have only outlines and symbols printed
on a flat flexible surface.

Advantages

o Simple design.
o This keyboard produce less noise.
o Membrane keyboard made of plastic, which makes them lighter then
mechanical once.
o Smaller size.

Disadvantages

o Low tactile feedback and average in reliability.

o Lack of customization options.
o Not suitable for heavy gaming and intense typing.

• Ergonomic keyboard
• Gaming keyboard
• Mini keyboard
• Split keyboard
• Wireless keyboard
• Flexible keyboard

Brands of keyboard

• Logitech
• Hp
• Corsair
• Promote
• Hajaan
• Rapoo
• G-Tab
• Asus
 • Astrum
• Dell
• A4 Tech
• Xiaomi

MOUSE

❖ Mouse is an input device. That is mainly used to give instruction (select,

move, scroll, open & close items) om the computer screen.
❖ Most types of mouse connect to the computer with a cable, and use the
computers power to work. Some types of mouse are wireless.
❖ A mouse consists of a metal or plastic housing or casing, a ball that sticks out
of the bottom of the casing and is rolled on a flat surface, one or more button
on the top of casing, and a cable that connects the mouse to the computer.

Types of mouse

• Mechanical mouse
• USB mouse
• Wireless mouse
• Bluetooth mouse
• Gaming mouse
• Programing mouse

Brands of mouse

• Hp
• Dell
• Logitech
• Rapoo
• Hajaan
• Gamdias Ares
• Corsair
• Asus
suggestion:

➢ I suggest hp Tibetan antelope wired keyboard with mouse IT Lap for

students (40), smart classroom (36), library (1), principal office (1),
admin office (8) because this is the low price and only studying and
normal purpose. its comfortable feel and a responsive touch. so, I
select this keyword and mouse.

➢ I suggest HP wireless keyboard with mouse CS 500 for IT Admin

because they have lot of work so they need high quality keyboard and
mouse so I select 1000-1600-2000 DPI Mouse.2.4GHz 10m Stable
wireless connectivity. Ergonomic design, water Drop keycaps. Ultra-
thin keyboard and silent clicking mouse and plug and use, no driver
needed. Wide compatibility-support Win2000/XP/7/8/10/Vista and
adopts international standards structure design and manufacture, strong
resistance to radiations.
Price: RS 8479/=
PRINTER

• Printer is an external hardware output devices responsible for taking electronic

data stored on a computer and generating hard copy of that data. They can
operate in different modes, such as black and white or colour, single-sided or
duplex (double-sided) printing, and may include additional features such as
scanning, copying, and faxing capabilities. Printers are widely used in offices,
homes, and schools to produce physical digital content.

Types of printers

✓ Impact printer
• Character printer
o Daisy-wheel printer
o Dot-matrix printer
These printers use tiny pins to strike an ink ribbon, producing
a printed Image that can be of lower quality but with high
speed.
• Line printer
o Drum printer
o Chain printer

✓ Non-Impact printer
• Laser printer
o These printers use toner and heat to produce sharp and
accurate prints, making them ideal for printing large
quantities of text documents.

• Inkjet printer
o These printers use liquid ink to produce high-quality colour
or black and white Prints.
• Thermal printer
o These printers use heat to print on specially coated thermal
paper, marking them ideal for printing receipts or labels.
Brand of printer

• Hp
• Epson
• Canon
• Avision
• Brother
• Xerox
• Acer
• BSW

Suggestion:

➢ I suggest HP LASER MFP 135A PRINTER because is This printer

very fast and that can print 20 pages per minute. This print quality is
good very clear text and graphics this is important for school so I
select this type of printer. I suggest one printer principal office and one
printer admin office.
PROJECTER

❖ A projector is an output device that is connection to a computer, other option

for a monitor or television in displaying picture to a large number of people.
❖ A projector takes slides, images or videos generated by a computer or Blu-ray
player and reproduces them onto a screen or wall.
❖ It works with the help of a small transparent lens.it is easier for viewing. More
audiences can view on a projector rather than a computer screen.

Types of projectors

• LCD (Liquid crystal display)

• LEOS (Liquid crystal on silicon)
• LED (Liquid emitting diodes)
• DLP (Digital light processing)
• Laser projector

Projector brands

• Epson
• Sony
• Panasonic
• Acer
• Xiaomi
• Optoma
• Asus
• ViewSonic
• Vivitek
• Topleo

Suggestion:

➢ I suggest Epson EB-E01 Projectors

smart classroom because this is a
versatile, reliable, and cost- effective
option for school smart classroom,
providing bright, high – quality images,
and ease of use.
SCANNER

❖ The basic principle of a scanner is to

analyze an image and process it in
some way. Image and text capture
allow you to save information to a file
on your computer.

Types of scanner

• Flatbed scanner
• Sheet fed scanner
• Handheld scanner
• Drum scanner
• Photo scanner
• Film scanner
• Portable scanner

Brands of scanner

• Canon
• Hp
• Epson
• Honeywell
• Symbol
• Epson
• Sophos
• Honeywell
• BenQ
• DCP
Suggestion:

➢ I recommended EPSON V39 flatbed scanner for admin office in

school because it can scan not only documents but also books,
magazines, and other bulky or delicate items and with the one- touch
scanning feature that makes it easy to scan documents quickly. This is
affordable scanner making it an excellent option for school with
limited budgets. So, I suggest this type of scanner.

UPS

❖ UPS is an uninterruptible power supply is a device which immediately provide

backup power during power off. A ups normally used for computers. This is
especially important to students because power outage time assignment or
course of work, that need to complete to the computer.
❖ There are four main components in UPS. They are rectifiers, UPS Batteries,
inverters and static Bypass switches.
❖ It is typically used to protect computer. It prevents the loss of critical data.

Types of ups

• Offline ups
• Line interactive
• Online ups
Brands of ups

• KSTAR
• APC
• BUDRY
• EAST
• RYZEN
• PROLINK
• DCP

Suggestion:

➢ I suggest APC 650VA

BATTERY BACKUP UPS
because it can be useful device
for school purpose. This type
of ups is relatively low price so
this type it a good choice for
students and other school
purpose.

USB FLASH DRIVE (PEN DRIVE)

❖ A pen drive is a small removable storage device. it helps store (music, movies,
photos and documents) huge amount of information.

Brands of usb

• Sony
• SanDisk
• Kingston
• Samsung
• Sony
• Hp
• Toshiba
• Lexar
Suggestion:

➢ I recommended Kingston 128gb Dtx Usb

for admin office (1), classroom (01)
because this price, capacity quality is good.
Making it convenient for transferring large
files quickly. As it provides ample storage
capacity, fast data transfer speed, and
durable design.

SPEAKER

❖ A Speakers are one of the output devices used with computer systems. The
purpose of a speaker is to produce audio output that can be heard by the
listener.

Types of speaker

• Floorstanding speaker
• Surround sound speaker
• Bookshelf speaker
• outdoor
• woofer speaker
• Tweeter speaker
• Subwoofers sound speaker
• Bookshelf speaker
• Bluetooth speaker
• Wireless portable speaker
Brands of speaker

• LG
• Lenovo
• Abans
• Dell
• Innovex
• Energizer
• Harman Kardon
• Jbl
• Joyroom
• Bose
• Apple
• Sony
• Sonos
• Logitech
• SonicGear
• Microlap
• Havit

Suggestion:

➢ I recommended HAVIT HV – SK473 USB speaker IT Lap (40), admin

office (8), principal (1), IT Admin (1), smart classroom (36). This
speaker may be good option for those looking for affordable and
portable speaker for school use.
HEADPHONE

❖ Headphones are the hardware device that can be plugged into computer,
laptop, smartphone, MP3 player or other device to listen to audio without
disturbing anyone.

Types of headphones

• Based on fit or designs

• Based on earcup designs
• Based on their usage
• Based on connectivity: wired
• Based on connectivity: wireless

Brands of headphone

• Huawei
• Sony
• Samsung
• HyperX
• Bose
• Dell
• Logitech
• Sennheiser
• JBL
• Anker
• Realme

Suggestion:

➢ I recommended Logitech H150 Stereo IT Lap (40), admin office (8),

principal (1), IT Admin room(saver01) because the headset is
reasonably priced, making it an affordable option for students on a
budget. This is comfortable and affordable headset.
PROJECTOR SCREEN

❖ projector screen, surface on which the image from an optical projector is

shown. Many materials are suitable for screens, the principal requirement
being a high degree of reflectivity. The three most common types of screen are
the mat white, the glass bead, and the lenticular.

Projector screen types

i. portable projector screen

• portable projector scree are primarily for mobile presentations, where
the screen is moved from one location to another at various time of
use.
o Tripod projector screen
o Floor pull-up or floor rising projector screen
o Double stand outdoor screen
ii. Mounted/ Fixed projector screen
• Unlike the portable projector screens, mounted screen are intended for
a fixed venue and are installed once for continuous use.
o Electric projector screen
o Manual projector screen
o Fixed frame projector screen
o Tab - Tensioned projector screen

Brands of projector screen

• Smax
• Colorsit
• Asus
• Bixolon
• Borl
• Amd
• BenQ
• Viewsonic
• Loch
• Optoma
Suggestion:

➢ I suggest smax 60 “X60” manual

projector screen smart classroom (36)
because large enough to allow all
students in the classroom to see the
projected image clearly and this type
screen cost – effective option compared
to other type of screen. Overall, this
screen is a great choice for school smart
classroom because it is cost-effective,
durable, easy to use, and the right size
most classrooms.
LAPTOP

❖ I suggest LENOVO IDEAPAD 3 15IAU7 INTEL CORE I3-1215U 8GB

256GB WIN11 Model laptop for principal.
 NETWOR SET-UP REQUIPMENT THINGS

TP link - 2 switch + 1SG 1024D (48port) = 48000*2 = 86000

Cabling - 300m = 250*300 = 75000

Catch 6 hopper - 120 = 450*120 = 54000

Single face plat - 40 = 400*40 = 16000

Cat 6 Keystone - 40 = 400*40 = 16000

Network cabinet 7u - 01 = 14500*1 = 14500

Patch panel - 02 = 10500*2 = 21000

Patch code - 40 (1.5m) = 300*40 = 12000

Cable manager - 02 = 5000*2 = 10000

Total 304,500

Items Numbers Price Total

Sever 1 310,000.00 310,000.00
Pc(lap) 40 225,500.00 9,020,000.00
Pc (staff room & library) 9 225,500.00 2,029,500.00
pc (smart class room) 36 225,500.00 8,118,000.00
Projector screen 36 17,500.00 630,000.00
projector 36 159,000.00 5,724,000.00
Keyboard & mouse 86 5,348.00 459,928.00
Keyboard & mouse (saver) 1 8,479.00 8,479.00
Headphone 50 6,199.00 309,950.00
Pen drive 2 3,950.00 7,900.00
Speaker 86 2,600.00 223,600.00
Printer 2 57,000.00 114,000.00
Scanner 1 42,000.00 42,000.00
Lap top (principle) 1 186,000.00 186,000.00
ups 51 20,750.00 1,058,250.00
Table 51 10,915.00 556,665.00
Chair 51 16,450.00 838,950.00
Monitor 51 36,500.00 1,861,500.00
Networking 304,500.00

Total 31,803,222.00
THANK YOU