Gandhi

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, known as "Mahatma" was born in 1869

in India. In 1893 he went to work in South Africa. he was arrested many
times during his 20 years in South Africa. Back in India, Gandhi adopted a
policy of peaceful non-cooperation with the British. This provoked a
severe reaction from the British authorities. In 1922 Gandhi was arrested
in Garand spent two years in prison. In 1930 he led a "March to the sea",
He led a frugal life. He ate a simple diet. In 1931, Gandhi traveled to
London to push for India's independence. In 1945 Great Britain gave
independence to India and formed two new independent states: India
and Pakistan.

Mandela
Mandela was born in 1918. When he was in school his teachers gave him
the English name "Nelson Mandela". Years later Mandela became a
lawyer and with Oliver Tambo campaigned against apartheid. Nelson
Mandela was vice president of a political party called "The African
National Congress. In 1960 this party became illegal but Mandela did not
stop its activities and was arrested. In 1964 he was sentenced to life
imprisonment. On June 16, 1976, twenty black students in Soweto are
were killed by white police during a peaceful demonstration outside their
school. Nelson Mandela released from prison after 27 years in 1993,
Mandela de Klerk both received the Nobel Peace Prize. In May 1994,
Mandela was elected president.
 Slavery and segregation
Slavery was a very important factor in the American civil war. The
northern states wanted to abolish slavery and the southern states took
advantage of slaves. This led to a civil war which lasted from 1861 to
1865. Victory went to the northern countries. In 1886, the Supreme Court
ruled that facilities for whites and blacks must be "separate, but equal". In
reality, the structures of blacks were always worse than those of whites.
Martin Luther King challenged white supremacy and led the civil rights
movement in the 1950s and 1960s and the Voting Rights Act of 1965
granted all blacks the right to vote.