Outline worksheet for Monroe's Motivated Sequence Persuassive Speech #3

Tittle: How one person can make an exception of plastic in ocean.

Speaker:

Specific purpose: offering an awareness and educated people about global issue by using single
plastic and start doing an action by using reusable one.

Introduction:

Attention Getter: you're not a drop in the ocean.You're the entire ocean on a drop. Ladies and
gentleman this is one of my absolute favorite quote.

Establishment of ethos: Allah provides us such wonderful and vast nature called Sea.
Everybody is immersed by it. Sea is such magnetic that pulled people towards it. Imaging that
we do scuba dive, sering bright dolar that Stretched on for miles.

Transition But, now that wonderful nature called for help. And that's why i'm here today,
because behind vast depth and the appearance to strech on forever, our sea is in trouble by the
simple but trheatening thing you have right now: plastic.

Need

Main idea 1# life before plastic

Main idea 2# we produced 9.1 ton of plastics

Internal summary: plastic exist in 1940, and life before It didnt really look like different. Before
that, milkws sold in glass jar, people brought whatever bagus they had with them at home,
Meat wrapped up by leaves. But, existance of plastic in modern days when centered around a
nonstop workday, cheap, safe and sanitary substance of plastic became more appealing.an
snow we have produce 9.1 billion tons of plasti to date.

Transition: how in the earth, we use that much of plastic? So i'm going to try put that number
into context for us.

Satisfaction

Main idea 3# the unable to recycle of plastic, is the fail of human.

Main idea 4# we have responsible for Millions of casualities among sea turtls by single use of
plastic.
Internal summary: plastic is seem as harmeless, but it gave the essentials change in the ocean
enviroment : As the top of the food chain, we also directly at risk die to plastic pollution in the
ocean

Transition: so recognize this dosconnect. I set out to bridge the knowledge gap

Visualization:

Main idea 5# careless decision of using plastic is trurly a global issue

Main idea 6# the greatest advantages of plastic is that they are made to last

Internal summary: Plastic became the human Fossil that record as humanity mark.

Transition: oxygen that we breathe, and that 70% of it comes from the oceans

Action: learn how to live with plastic in responsible and sustainable way

Conclution: eliminate single use plastic and start using reusable one.

Encouragement: all that it takes is small changes every single day,on a individual scale that can
have a huge impact tomorrow

Transcription of Speech

"You're not a drop in the ocean. You're the entire ocean, in a drop." Ladies and gentleman this
is one of my absolute favorite quotes.

Allah gives us uch a wonderful nature that vast and depth by water called Sea I felt such a
magnetizing pull towards sea, that it was as if the sea had a secret that they so desperately
needed to tell . And on this first opportunity that i have when i set foot in it, the ocean finally
had tell me that secret. Dreaming by scuba dive of seeing bright coral that stretched on for
miles, while a diversity of marine life danced around them. Instead, despite their vast depths
and the appearance to stretch on forever, our oceans are in trouble. And one of their greatest
threats - well, actually, many of you probably have it in your pocket right now: plastic.

The proliferation of plastic products in the last 70 years has been extraordinary. We now
produce over 300 million tons of plastic annually, and turn it into all kinds of products;
everything from food packaging to automotive parts, from toothbrushes to fake trees. Plastic is
all around us. It's become such an essential component of our material existence that it's hard
to imagine life without it. But is it really that hard? I mean, to imagine a world without plastics?
After all, the modern plastic products that we know and love today didn't really exist until
about the 1940s. And the interesting part is that life before them didn't really look all that
different. Before we had plastic, milk was sold in glass jars. They were refilled when you went to
the grocery store, washed up when they were empty, and taken back the next week. People
brought whatever bags they had with them at home to the store when they went shopping,
and there was no need for produce packaging because fruits and vegetables were sold locally,
and in season. But as society has shifted to our modern way of living, centered around a non-
stop workday, filled by fast food and single-used items, meant to be thrown away after only
minutes, the idea of plastics became more appealing.

Plastics actually gave some people this almost utopian vision of this future that contained
abundant material wealth, thanks to a cheap, safe and sanitary substance. And our appetite for
this cheap, durable substance is such that we have produced 9.1 billion tons of plastic to date.

9.1 billion tons! That's absurd. How can we even begin to try to understand how much plastic
that is? So, I'm going to try to put that number into context for us. We've produced enough
plastic today. Now, I'm sure that many of you are anticipating this discussion to paint plastics as
the villain of this story. And while that has some truth, it's not the entire story. I truly believe
that plastics really only become the villain in the way that we as humans use, cannot property
recycle, and if it did recycle it id only 25%. And here's where the rest goes. Every single year, 8
million tons of plastic enters our oceans, 50% of which is single-use plastic serving its purpose
for only a few minutes before being carelessly discarded. The plastic bags that we get at the
grocery store, they've been responsible for millions of casualties among sea turtles all over the
globe, and have an average working life of only 15 minutes.

Think about that. Something that you use for only 15 minutes of your day has a lifelong lethal
impact. It's estimated today that 99% of seabirds have ingested plastic in their lifetime. Straws.
It seems harmless, right? How much damage can one tiny straw really do? Most of us don't
even bat an eye when our drink at the restaurant comes with a straw in it.And to this sea turtle,
that straw wasn't so harmless, but they can mistake it as food. Can you imagine how many
plastic that turtles indigest wrongly? Also coral reefs are affected by plastic pollution in the
oceans. Many people forget that reefs are living creatures, and they're incredibly sensitive to
changes in the oceans' environment. Plastic has played a key role in several reefs die-offs in
well-known areas, including the Great Barrier Reef. Larger animals, such as whales, sharks and
dolphins are also at risk due to plastic pollution. As these larger animals consume smaller fish
species that have already ingested plastic, the toxins from plastic begin to bioaccumulate. This
can lead to liver failure and other toxicology related problems among animals at the top of the
food chain. Speaking of the top of the food chain, you and I are also directly at risk due to
plastic pollution in the oceans. Because when plastic enters our oceans, it never actually
degrades, or goes away. Instead, it's broken down into smaller and smaller pieces, known as
microplastics.

As you can imagine, these microscopic pieces of plastic are easily confused for food and end up
being consumed by small fish species and even plankton, until ultimately, they make their way
back up the food chain. And humans are eating the very plastic that we threw away. It's
estimated today that 67% of the seafood that humans consume contains plastic. If you're a
regular seafood eater, that could mean that you're eating up to 11,000 pieces of plastic every
single year.

We've taken from the ocean all that we want and fed it back all that we don't. And now, it's
literally feeding it right back to us.So, recognizing this disconnect, I set out to bridge the
knowledge gap. And I wanted to do so in a way that not only raised awareness and educated
people about the problem, but inspired them to take action.

This is truly a global issue. And the careless decision to irresponsibly dispose of a plastic product
is made in an instant, but it has consequences that last a lifetime. One of the greatest
advantages of plastics is that they're made to last, for a very long time. And in fact, almost
every plastic product ever created still exists on Earth today. Whether it was recycled into a
different plastic product or lies discarded at the bottom of the ocean floor, it's still here, and it's
not going away. This is humanity's mark on the fossil record, this is how people will know that
we were here, by our remanence of plastic trash discarded around the globe. The UN is actually
calling plastic pollution in the oceans a planetary crisis. And rightfully so. Our oceans are far too
critical to be treated as a plastic dump.

I want everybody to do a little exercise with me. Take a deep breath in. And exhale. That felt
good for me too.b You were able to take that breath because of the oceans. I'm sure that many
of you were taught, growing up, that trees produce the oxygen that we need to breathe. We
were all taught from a very young age that we need to protect the trees because they provide
the oxygen that we need to breathe, and they sustain life on this planet. Don't get me wrong,
the trees are very important and we do need to protect them. But, as I've gotten deeper into
my environmental studies and conservation work, I learned that trees are actually responsible
for 28% of the oxygen that we breathe, and that 70% of it comes from the oceans. The oceans
are the lungs of this planet. Earth is a blue planet. I'm sure that many of you have seen that
photograph from space, where if you look down on Earth, we look like a giant blue marble,
because our surface is covered not mostly by land, but by water. And not only do the oceans
produce most of the oxygen we need to breathe, but they act as our largest carbon sink and are
home to the most biodiversity this planet has. And it's time that we start recognizing the
importance of maintaining healthy seas because our oceans are big, but they're not too big to
fail. And if they die, so will we.
It's currently estimated that by the year 2050, there will be more plastic in the ocean than fish.
Should this happen, our entire world is going to look very different. And every single person
here in this room today already has what it takes to start making a difference. The simple fact is
that we can't turn back the clock and revert to a world without plastics. So, if we can't live
without them, we're going to need to learn how to live with them in a responsible and
sustainable way, that maximizes recycling and minimizes production.

There's already enough plastic on this planet. We don't need to create any more of it. All that
we need to do is be smart about reusing what's already here. That means stopping the single-
use cycle. The only way that a sustainable future can include plastic products is if we eliminate
single use plastics, and instead, turn towards a circular economy, in which old products become
new products. We did this before, and we can do it again. I like to think that humanity has come
a little ways since the 1940s, and there's no reason why today we can't find new ways to use
old products.

Plastic was introduced to us through small changes in our everyday lives, and its impacts can be
reduced in the exact same way. All that it takes is small changes every single day, on an
individual scale. Because

actions today have a huge impact on tomorrow. So, ditch the plastic water bottles, and instead,
invest in a reusable one. And while you're at it, get one for your coffee cup too. Always
remember to bring your reusable bags when you go grocery shopping, and don't buy produce
that is wrapped in plastic. And when you go to a restaurant or bar, ask for your drink without a
straw.

People often think that environmental issues can only be solved with massive policy changes,
historic international agreements, or groundbreaking innovation, and that their actions as one
person on this planet don't matter. But that couldn't be further from the truth. Think about it. If
every single one of us here today, when we go out downtown to a restaurant or bar, and you
ask for your drink without a straw, that's 400 straws saved from entering our oceans. This is
how change starts. It starts with one person. It starts with one straw. And it starts with one
drop. And you, and this everyday changes that you're making in your own life, are that one
drop. Not just a single drop in the ocean, but the entire ocean in a drop.

Thank you.

References
Okeke, E. S., Okoye, C. O., Atakpa, E. O., Ita, R. E., Nyaruaba, R., Mgbechidinma, C. L., & Akan, O.
D. (2022). Microplastics in agroecosystems-impacts on ecosystem functions and food chain.
Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 177, 105961

Chau, M. Q., Hoang, A. T., Truong, T. T., & Nguyen, X. P. (2020). Endless story about the
alarming reality of plastic waste in Vietnam. Energy sources, part A: Recovery, utilization, and
environmental effects, 1-9.

Shen, L., & Worrell, E. (2014). Plastic recycling. In Handbook of recycling (pp. 179-190). Elsevier.

Meikle, J. L. (1995). American plastic: a cultural history. Rutgers University Press.

Meikle, J. L. (1997). Material doubts: the consequences of plastic. Environmental History, 2(3),
278-300.

Moore, C. J. (2015). How much plastic is in the ocean? You tell me. Mar. Pollut. Bull, 92, 1-3.

Haward, M. (2018). Plastic pollution of the world’s seas and oceans as a contemporary
challenge in ocean governance. Nature communications, 9(1), 667.

Frölicher, T. L., Joos, F., Plattner, G. K., Steinacher, M., & Doney, S. C. (2009). Natural variability
and anthropogenic trends in oceanic oxygen in a coupled carbon cycle–climate model
ensemble. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 23(1).

Geyer, R., Jambeck, J. R., & Law, K. L. (2017). Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made.
Science advances, 3(7), e1700782.

Adam, I. (2023). Rational and Moral Antecedents of Tourists’ Intention to Use Reusable
Alternatives to Single-Use Plastics. Journal of Travel Research, 62(5), 949-968 .