Development of A Localized Aluminum Can Crusher 1 1

Bataan Heroes College
Department of Engineering and Architecture

Mechanical Engineering
“Development of a Localized Aluminum Can

Crusher”
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Engineering Department, Bataan Heroes College
Designed by:
Angeles, Kelvin Joseph R.
Angeles, Khim Joseph R.
Mayo, Jhunee Kyle T.
Sevillena, Joemer H.
Tamayo, Jezreel R.
Villaviray, Gerald M.
Submitted to:
Engr. Grimson Gines
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ……………………………………………………….…………….. i
CHAPTER 1.………………….. ………………………………………………………………1
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY……………..…………………………………1
1. 2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM……………….………….…………………..2
1. 3 OBJECTIVES……………………...……………….………….…………………..2
CHAPTER 2.………………….. ………………………………………………………………3
2.1 RELATED LITERATURE………………………………………………………...3
2.2 RELATED STUDIES……………………………………………………………...4
CHAPTER 3: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK…...………………………………………...20

3.1 MATERIAL CONSIDERATION AND THEIR PROPERTIES………………….21
3.1.1 CAST IRON …………………………………………………….………21
3.1.2 STEEL………………………………………………………………..….22
3.2 RAW MATERIAL USED………………………………………………….……..24

3.3 ENGINEERING THEORY……………………………………………………….24
CHAPTER 4: METHODOLOGY……………………………………………………….........26
4.1 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK…….…………………………………………...26
4.2 PROTOTYPE DESIGN……………………………………………………….…..27
4.3 DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES…………………………………….……..29
4.3.1 METHODS OF TESTING AND EVALUATION………………….…..33
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4.4 COMPONENTS REQUIREMENTS……………………………….……………..34
4.4.1 COMPONENTS USE…….…………………………………………......33
4.5 FINAL DESIGN……………….………………………………………………….35
CHAPTER 5: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION………………………………………….........37

5.1 INTRODUCTION………………………………………………....………………37
5.2 DESIGN CONCEPTS CONSIDERED……...……………………………………38
5.3 COST ANALYSIS……………………………………………...…………………39
CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION…………....………………......40
6.1 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………...……………….40
6.2 RECOMMENDATION……………………………………………...……………40
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The main aim of this project is to provide much convenient set up for the aluminum cans
such convenient that a scrap vendor can also use it and to reduce the scrap volume and use the
aluminum cans so that carrying them to the recycle site becomes easy. Now-a-days, a large
number of aluminum cans are used in everyday living because it’s more convenient but a large
volume of space is required for dumping or storing the used aluminum cans. The can crusher
machine is primarily use to save space and for recycling. It can be placed anywhere. Commercial
establishments like bars and cafeteria, have to deal with leftover cans. Storage of this aluminum
cans is often a problem because it increase a total volume of trash. Therefore, using aluminum
can crusher machine in such places proves to be advantageous.
According to, Surve Qias, Sayed Saif, Sayed Jafar, Shaikh Nadeem October 2014- March
2015, the main aim to make such a mechanical oriented project is to reduce the scrap volume and
use it for recycle purpose properly. Now a days there is widely usage of cans have been done in
hotels and canteen and for their storage large volume of space is required. This research paper
include design and structure analysis of can crusher. There are so many researchers who have
done work on design and analysis, but still there are so many areas of scope regarding this design
and analysis. Microcontroller makes up the backbone for this project. This project involves
processes like design, fabrication and assembling procedures. Even though there are many types
of the can crusher machine in the market, the completion of the new model provides a more
practical usage than previous one.
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The main aim of this study is to reduce the capacity of waste materials means cutting the
space of waste transport. Creating a can crusher machine is the easiest way to crush the
aluminum cans quickly.. This ensures efficient compression which helps easy storage and
disposal of cans.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Users of this aluminum cans are facing problem of storage, after using it. When people
step at the aluminum can after finishes their drink, the aluminum can is not always look
symmetrically flat and it look messy. This condition sometimes makes to produce a sharp edges
at aluminum cans that can harm or injured people.
In addition, people always throw their cans anywhere after they drink. This condition
make pollution to this environment, become poor surroundings and distinct the ditches.
1.3 OBJECTIVES
The localized aluminum can crusher is the project proposed, a can crusher is basically
used to smash empty aluminum cans so as to decrease the volume of waste disposal. You can
save a considerable amount of storage space by purchasing a can crusher. Although, there are
different styles and sizes available in can crushers, the most preferred one is the pneumatic can
crusher. This tool is capable of crushing a can into the smallest possible unit. These devices are
commonly seen in bars, restaurants and catering halls. Even heavy drinkers keep this device in
their home in order to crush cans. It is simple to operate and ideal to crush cans. Its durability
and efficiency makes it suitable for both homes and commercial environment. Even recycling
centers have found these devices extremely useful.
CHAPTER II
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2.1 RELATED LITERATURE
According to V. Anusha, B. Sandeep, P. Dinesh Kumar, in A Novel Development of a

Manual Can Crusher, Sep. 2019. Our piece of work to be done for this project is to design and
create a can crusher that will reduce to the smallest possible amount of the volume of aluminum
cans by 70%. The can crusher will be made up of various parts containing as part of the whole
being considered a lever, base frame, can bin, piston cylinder arrangement, chain sprocket
mechanism and bearing. The inspiration behind this design came from the wastage in malls,
canteens of big company often the holidays involve large parties where people gather and
consume a lot of canned beverages. Thus, it makes sense that there should be an easy way to
dispose of cans properly during these large social gatherings. Thus this can crusher was created,
with a portable and manually operated mechanism. Can crushers are primarily used to save space
and recycling. Can crushers make it possible to make small stackable piles that save space. There
are many designs that can crushers come in. Some of the designs are pneumatic, hydraulic and
chain operated with sprockets. Recycling is wonderful way to help the environment. One device
that will make our life easier, and our recycling haul much more compact, is the Can crushing
machine. Can crushing machine are available in a number of styles, sizes and speed, with models
to suit everyone from the heavy soda drinker to the recycling center man.
(N. A. A. Hadi1, Lim Hui Yee2, K. A. M. Annuar3, Zulhilmi Bin Zaid4, Z.A Ghani5,
M.F. Mohd Ab Halim6 Amar Faiz Zainal Abidin7, M.B.N. Shah8, in Development of an
automatic can crusher using programmable logic controller, June 2019) The invention of a can
crusher machine in this project is to reduce the wasted storage space occupied by the tremendous
amount of use aluminum can at the commercial establishment like in the restaurant, cafeteria and
bar. Basically, can crusher machine be operated in manual effort and time in the Can crushing
process? Shrinking the initial volume of empty used-aluminum cans down to 50% in more
effective, faster and effortless way, as well as to develop a low-cost device that is suitable for the
small-industry usage are mainly the objectives for the Automatic Can Crusher, where an
automated process is executed
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in Automatic Can Crusher due to the automation in the modern world is inevitable and nominal
to be used. The Automatic Can Crusher is run by a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) with
the aid of an inductive and capacitive sensor, where it is applied to detect whether the object is
metal or non-metal. Overall, the system can be controlled manually through the push start and
stop button as well as using the Human Machine Interface (HMI) using NB-Designer, for
displaying the total of cans being crushed per day. The average result of empty can could shrink
from 31% to 60 % of the original value, by using the attuned and compatible pressure for this
system.
2. 2 RELATED STUDIES
Chau, Mun Seng (2013) in Design and Fabrication of an Automated Can Crusher System,
the author had completed a design and fabricate machine for an automated can crushing system.
So far, this idea is still very new in the society and it’s not selling in the market yet. In the point
of education, it is still a new idea in TAR College. These ideas also have high potential market
and commercialize value. The author had also reviewed several types of Can crushing machine
that currently exist in the market. Besides, the process of Can crushing system was also being
studied. With all the research and studies, the author finally used WPLSoft to be programmed
PLC and the design was drawn by using CA TIA software. From draft until fabrication
completed of the automated can crusher system, the material uses are a motor, sensors, PLC,
WPLSoft, pneumatic cylinders, solenoid valve, manifold, and many other smaller parts.
Troubleshooting for the prototype was carried out to improve and modify to work better. A test
was run to check and take down data to analyze the result. Some modification for the prototype
has been done such as adjusting the angel of the can holder, more sensors has been added and
optimize the compressor pressure. A calculation was carrying out to get the exact pressure to
crush the aluminum can. The sequential to operate the automated can crusher system was
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reported in the dissertation. Several recommendations for further improvement were discussed
for future work.
BINITA GOGOI, CHETONA BORUAH, PRANAMI KURMI, JAYASHRI BHUYAN,

CHEMIMA AKHTARA BEGUM in FABRICATION OF AN ALUMINIUM CAN CRUSHER
MACHINE (2018), The main aim of this project is to fabricate a Can Crusher machine to reduce
the scrap volume and use the Cans so that carrying them to the recycle site becomes easy. Now-
days, a large number of cans are used in hotels, canteens etc. and a large volume of space is
required for storing or dumping the used Cans. This project includes fabrication of a Can Crusher
using single slider crank mechanism which will reduce the volume of cans at least70%. This
report demonstrates the necessary calculation, assembling and fabrication of the machine. Under
this
project work, two Can Crushers have been constructed. The earlier one, made during the period
of 7th semester was manually operated. The model is then upgraded to an electrically operated
one. Finally, a comparison between the two Can Crushers, i.e. manually operated and electrically
operated, is made, regarding their efficiencies, cost of construction etc., and presented here in
this report.
Suryakant D. Thakur, Akshay B. Patel2, Nitin K. Tilekar3, Akash B. Wagh4 in Design

and Fabrication of Automatic Can Crusher and Vending Machine (October 2016), Swacha
Bharat Abhiyan is a cleanliness camping run by the Government of India, which started on 145 th
birth anniversary of the great person Mahatma Gandhi. The main aim of the project is to
contribute towards the cleanliness drive. Our Proposed machine is a cam and follower based can
crusher mechanism which is integrated with a vending mechanism which dispenses a token or a
discount coupon in exchange of a can recycled using the machine. The main purpose of the
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vending mechanism is to attract a number of beverage consumers to recycle their can for
exchange of discount coupon, the coupon can be discount on next purchase of beverage or
discount on bus or movie ticket depending upon the company which will install this machines.
Initially the machine can accept only cans but with further modification it would be able to
accept various other types of beverage containers too like plastic bottles. The machine would be
installed at various locations like parks, mall’s, stadiums, bar’s and various public places.
Ashraf Elfasakhany, in Beverage Cans Crusher Machine Patents (January 24, 2019), One of the
first step for inventors to avoid repetition of existed inventions is to study all previous inventions
in the area. In view of that, we summarized here all early inventions for CAN crusher machines
within years 1988 to 1991, while other periods will be presented in separate work. The study
covered about 38 patents. A summary of each patent is presented in a very brief way. However,
details about each patent could be presented in a separate study.
R.Rajesh, S.Selvaduraim, S.Sivakumar , M.Vino , R.Veeramuthu in Design and

Fabrication of Can Crusher (May 2016), The main aim to make such a mechanical oriented
project is to reduce the scrap volume and use it for recycle purpose properly. Now a day there is
widely usage of cans have been done in hotels and canteen and for their storage large volume of
space is required. These research papers include design and structure analysis of can crusher.
There are so many researchers who have done work on design and analysis, but still there are so
many areas of scope regarding this design and analysis. This project involves processes like
design, fabrication and assembling procedures. Even though there are many types of the can
crusher machine in the market, the completion of the new model provides a more practical usage
than previous one.
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Khanapure Laxmikant R., Patil Vijay S., Madhawai Dnyaneshwar A., Navale Ashutosh
L., Prof. Dokfode A.B.,Prof. Bhane A. B. in The Dual Stroke Can Crusher (April 2015), In this
study, the dual stroke can crusher is crush the empty cans and it is designed for crushing
aluminum cans only. This device used for crushing aluminum cans for easier storage in recycling
bins thereby giving an extra space by flattening of cans. The single slider crank mechanism is the
backbone of this project. This project is about designing and fabricating the aluminum Can
Crusher to crush the can and transfer it to anywhere. The special feature of this project is
automatic removal of crushed can from the crushing site and also automatic feed of new cans to
be crushed without human intervention.
Ashraf Elfasakhany in A New Patent of Beverage Cans Crusher Machine (2018), Current
beverage cans crusher machines need high energy due to the forces involved in the crushing
process. Some of these machines used a single force in a horizontal direction only (in the
direction of can’s diameter), while others used two forces, one horizontal and another in a
vertical direction (in the can’s longitudinal direction); the vertical force is applied firstly
followed by the horizontal one. In such machines (when applying one force or two forces), the
can needs a very high compacted force.In this invention, which is based on our patent no.
KSA4610, 2016, we present a newly designed machine to crush cans with much less forces than
others. The new design applies two forces in a horizontal direction and a third one is applied in a
vertical direction; the horizontal forces are applied firstly in middle position of the can (in points
only) and thus, the can becomes weak and needs a little vertical force to be pressed to the desired
size. In addition, the machine in our invention uses a renewable source of energy as a power
supply source, i.e. no expenses for operations. The machine consists of multi pistons, two
horizontals and one vertical, solar cell system to operate the machine, pneumatic system, sensor,
servo motor, controller, software, and a wooden structure to contain all the machine parts. The
machine is designed to be used in many places (usually uncontained such kinds of machines),
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such as in aircraft, restrooms, offices and even in cars; this invention, in view of that, may limit
throwing of beverage cans on streets or in the garbage.
A. Elfasakhany, J. Marquez, J. Benítez in DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN

ECONOMIC AUTONOMOUS BEVERAGE CANS CRUSHER (2012), One problem of current
cans crusher machines is that they are mechanical devices. However, autonomous or electrical
cans crushers are large and expensive due to complexities and applied for compactor technology.
Accordingly, there is a necessity having small, low-priced, and autonomous cans crusher
devices.
The aim of this work is to design and develop a small, economical and autonomous
machine for crushing beverage aluminum cans. This work involves the processes of designing,
developing, manufacturing, testing and validation. The machine was built based on a compilation
between both of horizontal and vertical crushing designs and, in turn, the force needed to
compact the cans is much less. The machine, which includes mechanical, electrical and
electronic components, was tested in particular elements as well as overall. Testing and
validation of the machine show that it works as it should be.
DARSHAN R, GURURAJA S in DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF CRUSHER

MACHINE FOR PLASTIC WASTES (Oct.-2017), the paper is about design of a Plastic Bottle
Crusher which would help to crush the used Plastic bottles and would thereby help in waste
management and disposal. This project aims to design a portable Plastic Bottle crusher that could
be installed anywhere and would aid crush of used bottles. This project involves the process of
designing the crusher considering forces required for crushing and ergonomic factor that an
operator needs. The design of this machine is such that it would require optimum load to crush
bottles and will thus not strain the user or operator. After the completion of design process, it
could be manufactured and transformed into a Recycle aid able machine. The crusher thus would
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help in recycling plastic waste. It would also help in reducing the volume of waste generated and
will thus help in effective waste management. The crushing of used water bottles will also ensure
that the bottles are no used beyond the shelf life of its plastic. Therefore this project will prove to
be a useful asset in many ways.
Yashwant Attarde, Pushpender Singh, Mahendra Patil, Avinash Patil, Ganesh karpe in
Design and Development of Aluminium Can Crusher (February-2019), The reason behind that to
make such mechanical project is to decrease the volume of cans which would be beneficially for
storage as well as transportation. This paper talks about design and development of aluminium
can crushing machine. In this project we use compressor, which would be simple and
economical. The methods and processes involve in this project are cutting, bending, drilling,
welding. After the completion of design process, it is manufactured and transformed into
machine which would help in crushing. It helps to achieve 70% volume reduction out of total
size of the can.
Mayur Raundal, Akram Shaikh, Aqueel Shaikh, ChetanMokasare, Aditya Bhavsar, Prof.
Rizwan Shaikh6 in Fabrication of Aluminum Can Crusher by Hydraulic System, Nowadays in
India, recycling is one of the areas which are rapidly increasing day by day. Amount of waste
coming is in tremendous quantity. Aluminum cans are one of the important products which is
being recycled on an increasing scale. For carrying out this recycling can crushers are used. For
recycling of these cans, manual operation is being carried out in industries, which is a time
consuming process and ultimately it leads to the reduction of production rate. In order to crush
the cans in a less time, we are designing a can crusher machine using a hydraulic cylinder having
one side cushioning ability. A can crusher machine is used for crushing aluminum soda cans for
recycling purpose and also for easy storage in recycling bins. The Cylinder is reciprocate
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horizontally by a hydraulic pressure to crush the different shapes cans, this is the principle which
we are using in our can crusher.
Aman Baviskar, Vihar Doshi, Taher Parekh in AUTOMATIC CAN CRUSHER, An

automatic can crusher is a product that fulfils customer needs. This project uses many materials
such as sheet metal, hollow steel bar and others. The pneumatic system and a microcontroller
make up the backbone for this project. Overall, this project involves processes like design,
fabrication and assembling procedures. Even though there are many types of the can crusher
machine in the market, the completion of this new model provides a more practical usage. A can
crusher can be
defined as “A device used for crushing aluminum cans for easier storage in recycling bins
thereby giving you extra space by flattening of cans”. Pneumatics is a section of technology that
deals with the study and application of pressurized gas to produce mechanical motion. In
autonomous mode the pneumatic system, microcontroller and sensor system work in unison to
successfully crush the cans while in assistive mode, the pneumatic system can be manually
operated. The project incorporates the study of pneumatic systems, Computer Aided Design soft
tares and microcontroller.
Siddharth Rajvanshi in HAND OPERATED CAN CRUSHER MECHANICAL

PROJECT (October 3, 2016), the study of manufacturing was very important in order to carried
out this project to ensure that student understand on what are needs to do. This project is about
designing and fabricating the Can Crusher to helps people easy to crush the Aluminum, tin and
soda cans. This project involves the process of designing the crusher using considering forces
and ergonomic factor for people to use. After the design has complete, it was transformed to its
real product where the design is used for guideline. These projects also require ensuring the
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safety for indeed of publishing. Methods and process involve in this project for instance joining
using bending, welding, drilling, and cutting process. This project is mainly about generating a
new concept of Can Crusher that would make easier to bring anywhere and easier to crush the
tin. After all process had been done, this crusher may help us to understand the fabrication and
designing process that involve in this project. Even though there are many types of the can
crusher machine in the market, the completion of this new model provide same practical usage.
Amogh Shenoy, Austin Das, Sagnik Saha, Sumant Joshi, Elizabeth Cudney, Sandra
Furterer in Design of a Can Crusher (2012), The product chosen was a portable can crusher. The
team plans to design a revolutionary, semiautomatic, robust, paddle-operated can crusher. The
can
crusher would be designed to crush 16-or 32-ounce cans vertically. The can crusher would have
an automatic can feed and drop mechanism for continuous operation with a storage of up to eight
cans.
Praveen Yadav T R, Dr. Chetan Byrappa in Design and Modelling of Automated Waste
Management System with Crusher and Pneumatic Compactor (Sep 2020), Waste management
can be the serious problem across the globe as rapid boom in population, urbanization and
industrialization. Due to waste will be collectively dumped on open lands which causes primary
health troubles, various sorts of disease-causing bacteria and viruses. Waste management and
segregation is a much-needed procedure to avoid hazardous health issues, industrial problems, so
as to preserve our environment. Hence automatic waste segregator is used that could segregate
waste automatically. In current work the waste segregation of hospitals, blended household,
educational institutions, laboratories, large and small-scale industries into various additives for
smooth processing of later ranges for reusage, recycling or disposal methods. The mechanical
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waste segregator is designed to segregate the waste into ferrous and nonferrous material. The
ferrous consists of the metallic waste is segregated by the use of electromagnets and nonferrous
consists of the low and heavy density plastic, tissue papers, sanitary napkins, herbal waste and
natural waste is segregated through air blowers use of air compressor. The segregated waste will
be gathered in a respective accumulating chamber then it will be crushed by the usage of crusher
which help in reducing the volume of the material or which assist in lowering the amount
(quantity) of material, will recycled efficiently and crushed waste is supplied as a raw material
for industries. For smooth transportation the crushed waste might be compacted tightly by the
usage of pneumatic compactor (bale pressor) which makes the waste into bricks which may be
further reused or recycled in the industries.
Sawant D. A., Dr. Venkatesh M. A. in BUCKLING AND CRUSHING ANALYSIS OF

CYLINDRICAL ALUMINIUM CANS & OPTIMIZING THE PARAMETERS EFFECTING
CRUSH STRENGTH USING FEM (June-2016), Beverage industries face a lot of problem of
wastage of beverage drinks due to the collapse of aluminium cans which lead to decrease in the
profit and disturbance in economical balance of the company. In order to increase the
effectiveness of the cans effect of impact loads on the cans is considered in this study. Usually
cans are designed as pressure vessels but it leads to failure of cans during impact loads. In this
work the impact loads are taken into consideration and crashing analysis of aluminium cans is
performed with the aim of finding out the ability of cans to withstand impact loads using FEM.
various factors effecting crushing strength is identified. It is found that thickness of sheet and
mass of crusher play a very vital role in crash test.
Vishal N. Kshirsagar Dr. S. K. Choudhary in Experimentation and Analysis of an Automatic
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Can/Plastic Bottle Crusher Machine (July 2014), this paper describes about the
experimentation of can or plastic bottle crusher machine and analysis of mechanism used in
machine. Hence in this the knowledge of analysis is necessary, and by analysis of various parts
the quality and life of machine can be increased and improved. Overall, for experimentation this
machine involves processes like design, fabrication, analysis and assembling of different
components etc. From this the knowledge of all the parameters like design, fabrication and
analysis etc. will get increase but most important the knowledge of analysis, the use of Ansys-
Workbench Software is increasing day by day to determine the parameters like stress, strain,
deflection etc. for safe design and long durability.
Dr.Sc. Shaban A. Buza Dr.Sc. Kastriot A. Buza in CAN CRUSHER DESIGN IN

RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS (September 2014), A beverage can is a
metal
(mainly aluminum) container designed to hold liquids. Its daily use worldwide presents high
threat to environment pollution knowing that aluminum is a sustainable metal and takes from 80
to 100 years to decompose but can be easily recycled many times. Collection is the first step
towards cans’ recycling and for that awareness campaigns in different institutions are run. In this
paper is presented a prototype of an electric can crusher, designed to be used at schools to crush
cans and store them preparing for further recycling process saving space and avoiding pollution
of school environment and its surrounding. The device consists of presser/crusher, pannier,
feeding mechanisms and mechanism for synchronization. The crusher is fed one can at a
synchronized time period from the pannier where three different size cans are stored horizontally
in respective storage areas. The testing of the device at real time work has been successful
presenting a good initiative for the aluminum can recycling infrastructure in response to
environmental concerns.
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Mohd. Fahrul Hassan, Nur Syamimi Mohd. Bonari, Reazul Haq Abdul Haq , Mohd.
Nasrull Abdol Rahman and Salwa Mahmood in SELECTION OF CRUSHER DESIGN
CONCEPTS AS A SUSTAINABLE PRODUCT USING WEIGHTED DECISION MATRIX
METHOD (FEBRUARY 2022), For many years, crusher design concepts have been invented
worldwide that purposely crush the used beverage containers to reduce their volume and increase
storage bins. However, the developed crusher design concepts present the invention without
considering sustainability concerns regarding the three pillars; environment, economic and social
impact throughout the product life cycle. Therefore, this paper proposes a study on how crusher
design concepts are selected regarding sustainable perspective using the Weighted Decision
Matrix (WDM) approach. The WDM analysis has been conducted on previous researchers’ three
crusher design concepts: motor-operated crusher, mechanical crusher, and pneumatic crusher.
This study shows that the pneumatic crusher scored the highest rating compared to the other
design concepts and was suggested as a potential sustainable product for future development.
This selection method
serves as helpful information for product designers to select suitable design concepts based on
multiple criteria and verifies the suggested sustainable crusher product.
According to Pllana, K. et al. (2014)., a beverage can is a metal (mainly aluminum)

container designed to hold liquids with daily use worldwide presenting high threat to
environment pollution knowing that aluminum is a sustainable Metal and takes from 80 to 100
years to decompose but can be easily recycled over and over again. The aluminum can today is
the most recycled of any beverage container, because used can be returned into new one in less
than 60 days. Recycling aluminum cans saves energy and resources, reduces Pollution and
minimizes consumer and production waste. There is a difference between recycling and
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collecting used materials. If you are gathering materials that cannot be returned in the form of
new raw materials, you are not recycling. Aluminum can is a popular material for collection for
many schools because they are easily sold and sent for recycling process, which may even lead
to a moderate cash flow that can be used to help fund other school projects and activities. Growth
of the human population reaching over seven billion and economy expansion strained the
ecosystem bringing to environmental degradation and depletion of natural resources that may
increase poverty and disease in the world. Therefore care and protection of environment is
necessary always attempting to balance basic needs of population and development. Waste
reduction and recycling may help alleviate this balance. Recycling means: glass bottles become
new glass bottles; aluminum cans can be turned back indefinitely into new aluminum cans; from
scraped steel products (machine elements, car parts, construction materials etc.) can be produced
new ones over and over again; plastic bottles can be turned into carpet, clothing, auto parts and
new bottles; paper into new paper. Recycling is the final Step of 3R‟s (Reduce-Reuse-Recycle)
that emphasizes on properly collecting and separating those materials that cannot be reduced or
reused, distributing to the specialized facilities so the items can be applied to the creation or
production of new products and goods. Recycling saves energy and raw materials, prevents
resource destruction and pollution,
saves money and creates jobs. Therefore, it brings to reduce for raw material extraction and our
impact on the environment, backing the conclusion that recycling of waste is “better and
healthy” for environment rather than incinerating or landfilling it, as stated and elaborated in
many studies. As for homes and work places, recycling is necessary to keep clean and reduce
waste in schools also. School recycling projects will teach children and those around to collect
and prepare for recycling cans, glass and paper, making them responsible for keeping clean
environment. In this paper is presented a prototype of an electric can crusher, designed to be used
at schools to crush collected cans and store them as a first step of recycling process. Device that
consists of four main sets of parts was tested in real time and was shown reliable.
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According to Kumar, P. D., et al. (2019), it only makes sense that there should be an easy
way to dispose of cans properly during these large social gatherings. Thus this can crusher was
created, with a portable and manually operated mechanism. Can crushers are primarily used to
save space and recycling. Can crushers make it possible to make small stackable piles that save
space. There are many designs that can crushers come in. Some of the designs are pneumatic,
hydraulic, aluminum, and wood. Jesse M. Wright was the man who invented the aluminum can
crusher in 1937, but he did not get it patented until August 30, 1938. Recycling is wonderful way
to help the environment, even if you think otherwise when you’re hauling big bulky bags
crammed with empty cans to the curb. One device that will make our life easier, and our
recycling haul much more compact, is the can crushing machine. Can crushing machine are
available in a number of styles, sizes and speed, with models to suit everyone from the heavy
soda drinker to the recycling center man.
According to the study of Zakaria, M. Z. (2009), By Referring to the invention of

aluminum can crusher, there is a fact that cannot be denied that recyclable products such as
aluminum cans
have become popular in the beverage Industry. But, there is a problem when aluminum cans
become too much and when returning to the recycling station, consumers usually send in a bulk
and inconvenience condition. Nowadays, the home-based consumer typically enjoys the cans or
beverages from a recyclable can but they are not aware about the recycling processes and
disposing the empty cans. For some of the consumer, the task of crushing cans for disposal in the
recycling bin can be time consuming for them. In order to cope with this problem, the design of
this simple and portable can crusher is used to solve this problem. In designing stage, the author
used the high technology design software CATIA to design it virtually before fabricate the
16
desired design. Besides that, this device also friendly user because the user did not have to worry
about the spaced required and it is easily to carry anywhere.
Swingle, B., et al. (2021) As the world is becoming increasingly environmentally

conscious, the familiar trend of recycling is one that both businesses and consumers return to in
order to make an impact. However, a problem that many people face, is that they don’t have easy
access to recycling programs, particularly in apartment buildings and office spaces. For a project,
I feel as though a necessary and helpful device would be an automatic can & bottle crusher. This
device would make it easier to transport large amounts of cans & bottles to recycling facilities by
reducing their volume and make it as easy as simply taking out the trash; all you do it dump your
cans or bottles into a bin and the device will sort, crush, and deposit them into an easily
removable container for the past several years, recycling has been on an upswing of popularity.
More and more people are participating in recycling programs across the world. In fact, the
number of recycling services offered by the waste industry has seen a 150% increase in just the
past three years (1). Regardless, there is a gap between the number of people participating and
the number of opportunities they are given to do so, and when it comes to environmental
consciousness, there is always room to improve and participate more.
According to Shreshtha, P. (2017), There are a significant number of benefits to owning

an automatic can crusher in a commercial industry. Firstly, it allows for a far safer and smarter
looking workplace. Far too frequently, stockpiled waste material is left until waste removal
professionals arrive or they are taken to a waste recycling centre. Can crushers can immediately
reduce the size of your waste, making the work place smarter and most importantly, safer. Using
a can crusher to reduce the capacity of waste materials also means cutting the expense of waste
transport. Whether an outsourced company collects the waste or your business deposits their own
at recycling centers, a can crusher means far fewer collections/deposits are required, saving
17
valuable money and time. If you are concerned that a can crusher for commercial use will require
continual maintenance and cleaning, then cast your worries aside. Can crushers are extremely
easy to clean and require no electrical maintenance. They don’t even require any training for use;
they are one of the simplest machines available and can be used by practically anyone.
According to Collins, J. (2016), After living in a dorm room with two other people, he
can assure you that having to use the same side of the room as a bedroom, living room, kitchen
and your closet isn’t fun or convenient. Which is why using such a simple tool like a can crusher
can help you save space, keep tidy and organized and of course, help the environment by
recycling. The handiest benefit of a can crusher is that it lets you save valuable space. This is
possible because most devices will compress even the biggest 12 or 16-ounce cans (depending
on what kind of can crusher you have) into 1-inch tall circles. Therefore, your full-size cans turn
into small aluminumstubs that don’t take up a lot of space and are easily collectible for later
recycling. By using an aluminum can crusher for recycling, you not only help the environment
by not allowing your aluminum Waste to accumulate in Landfills for hundreds of years. On top
of the space saving benefit, a can crusher can also be an excellent way to keep your room or
apartment tidy and clean. There’s no reason to have empty cans littering your floor when the
time it takes for you to compress
those empties can be cut down to seconds. The schedule of a college student is busy one, so
making clean-up quick and easy means more time to study.
According to the study of Yadav, H., et al. (2016) , A can crusher is a device used for
crushing aluminum cans for easier storage in recycling bins. While most recyclers don’t require
you to crush cans, if you do recycle a lot, your normal bin may fill up quickly. The crusher gives
you extra space by flattening either single or multiple cans. A crusher is a machine designed to
18
reduce large solid material object into a smaller volume or pieces. Crusher reduces the size or
change the form of waste material so they can more easily disposed or recycles. They studied
that Can recycling is very important part of any family and community recycling program.
Aluminum recycling is one of the easiest things you can do to help the environment. Recycling
of can began a long ago and started to become common in early 1970‟s. Can is 100% renewable.
This means that we can recycle a new can from used can. We just have to crush the used can and
we have to transport them to the factory. Because of crushing of cans its transportation cost will
reduce and less space is required to store them. You might be surprised to know that within 60
days an aluminum can is able to go from your recycling center and becomes a brand new can to
be used by consumer.
According to Unocasa (2022), there are five biggest benefits from a can crusher. (1) It
encourages your kids to recycle. Most crushing cans is safe and so fun for kiddos, they’ll be
begging to crush any cans they find laying around the kitchen. (2) It saves more space. If you
live in a small apartment or condo keeps you may be tight on space, making recycling more
difficult. A can crusher can save you valuable kitchen space, compressing even 16-oz cans into
1-inch high rounds. You can fit hundreds of aluminum stubs into any recycling bin with extra
space leftover. (3) It helps in keeping a tidier kitchen and home. Even if you have a big home or
kitchen with
plenty of space, the last thing you want to see piled up is a big load of aluminum cans. (4) Safer
Can Disposal. Whether you’re dealing with pop tabs or cans of beans, their sharp edges left from
opening them can provide a safety hazard for anyone that handles them or critters that get into
them outside. When you try to crush aluminum by hand, you create sharp bends that make an
injury even more likely. Since the crusher holds the can for you, you’ll significantly reduce the
chances of cutting yourself on an edge. (5) Faster After-Party Cleanup. Any college or university
19
student that loves to throw parties can tell you all about the space-saving benefits of a can
crusher. When you’re dealing with dozens and even hundreds of cans, they take up a lot of space
and even more time to clean up and lug to your nearest recycling center. Make things easier on
yourself by using a can crusher to deal with the aftermath of your next gathering or get-together,
cleaning up in minutes rather than hours, and earning a small stack of cashback in returns.
CHAPTER III
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A large level of abstraction, or the production of concepts or ideas in your mind regarding
everything in your surroundings, is required for research, an intellectual activity. You will
engage in a wide range of higher-order thinking activities during this activity, including
20
interpretation, critique, application, and creation on all levels. To individuals who are interested
to study the research findings, research must seem understandable because it is the outcome of
mental conceptions and is appraised holistically. You will require a specific scheme, in-depth
plan, or system to describe the components of the research, including the relationships between
the research aspects, due to the cognitive nature of this scholarly academic work known as
research. If you want to sum up your research and give a quick overview, you must develop a
conceptual framework. A conceptual framework is a visual depiction of your conceptions or
ideas about the core parts of your research and how they relate to one another. It is a graph or
non-prose piece, specifically a schematic diagram that shows the well-organized components of
the investigation. Providing a carefully thought-out arrangement of the elements of your
investigation, a conceptual framework is a complete overview or strategy that offers significance
to your research. On the other hand, conceptual frameworks are typically not required for
publishing in scientific journals. Anyone can create their own, even the common person. On the
other hand, scientific journals frequently contain reliable and authentic instances. Furthermore,
academics don't just come up with conceptual frameworks at random. They conduct in-depth
literature reviews to support their conceptual frameworks, which ultimately increases the
credibility of conceptual frameworks.
3.1 MATERIAL CONSIDERATION AND THEIR PROPERTIES
3.1.1 CAST IRON
21
Cast iron is an alloy of iron and carbon, and is popular because of its low cost and ability
to make complex structures. The carbon content in cast iron is 3% to 4.5% by weight. Silicon
and small amounts of Manganese, Sulfur, and Phosphorus are also present in it. The products of
cast iron exhibit reasonable resistance against corrosion. It is neither malleable nor ductile, and it
cannot be hardened like steel. It melts at about 2100 °F, and has either a crystalline or a granular
fracture. Types of cast iron: • white iron • grey iron • ductile iron • malleable iron Properties of
Cast iron are: * Tensile Strength: Different varieties of cast iron are used in the construction of
machines and structures. Cast iron having a tensile strength of 5 tons per square inch, or less, is
of no value for the purpose where strength is required. This type may however be used for
balance weights, foundation blocks, or for purposes where weight alone is of consequence. Some
varieties of cast iron show a tensile strength as high as 19 tons per square inch, but on an
average, the strength is 7 tons per square inch. Addition of vanadium can increase the strength of
cast iron. High Compressive Strength: Compressive strength is defined as the ability of a
material to withstand forces which attempt to squeeze or compress it. Cast iron shows high
compressive strength, which makes it desirable for use in columns and posts of buildings. The
compressive strength of gray cast iron can be almost as high as that of some mild steels. Low
Melting Point: Its melting temperature ranges from 1140 °C to 1200 °C. Nowadays, many
advanced melting, alloying and casting methods are being used, which can bring the new irons
formed, in competition with steel. 22 • Resistance to Deformation: Cast iron structures show
resistance to deformation and provide a rigid frame.
However, if one part of the casting after the iron is poured into the molds, is very thin,
and another very thick, the problem of the structure breakdown becomes prominent. The reason
for this is when the thin part cools first and contracts, the thick part which cools down afterward
22
causes stress in the thin part, offering sufficient force to break it. • Resistance to Oxidation: Rust
is formed by the reaction of iron and oxygen, in the presence of water or air moisture. It leads to
the corrosion of iron and its alloys, and any iron mass in presence of water and oxygen, can
eventually convert into rust and later disintegrate. As cast iron offers resistance to oxidations, it
provides a solution to the problem of rust.
3.1.2 STEEL
Steel is composed primarily of iron with carbon as the major alloying element. The
greater the percentage of carbon, the stronger and stiffer the steel. High-carbon steels are
generally infeasible for use as workpiece materials in sheet metal forming because of their high
resistance to permanent or plastic deformation. Most automotive stampings are produced from
low-carbon steel, containing less than .15% carbon. In some applications resistance to plastic
deformation is desired, e.g., in springs. The type of steel are given below: Cold Rolled Steel As
with most metals the alloy composition, heat treatment and any mechanical processing (rolling in
this case) are all important in determining material behavior. The "drawing quality" steels are
processed to produce uniform deformation up to large deformations (deformation and uniform
deformation is discussed in detail below). One such deformation behavior improving process is
used in "aluminum killed" steel. Aluminum is used to remove oxygen from the steel and so
minimize the deleterious effects of oxygen on the extent of deformation which can be imposed
and on the uniformity of deformation. Steels are available in 1/4 hard, 1/2 hard and full hard
conditions.
23
Spring Steel has a high "elasticity," that is, a large amount deformation can be imposed
before the material takes on a permanent set or plastic deformation is produced. These ideas are
covered in detail below. Stainless Steels contain alloying additions of nickel and chromium.
Their cost is high,but because of their fine surface appearance and resistance to corrosion, they
are used in forming special parts. Stainless steels with various heat treating tempers are
commonly available. Properties of steel: Strength Yield strength: Yield strength is the most
common property.
The primary designation relates to the yield strength, e.g. S275 steel is a structural steel
with a specified minimum yield strength of 275 N/mm?. Toughness: It is in the nature of all
materials to contain some imperfections. In steel these imperfections take the form of very small
cracks. If the steel is insufficiently tough, the 'crack' can propagate rapidly, without plastic
deformation and result in a 'brittle fracture'. The risk of brittle fracture increases with thickness,
tensile stress, stressraisers and at colder temperatures. The toughness of steel and its ability to
resist brittle fracture are dependent on a number of factors that should be considered at the
specification stage. Ductility:- Ductility is a measure of the degree to which a material can strain
or elongate between the onset of yield and eventual fracture under tensile loading. Weldability:-
All structural steels are essentially weldable. However, welding involves locally melting the
steel, which subsequently cools. The cooling can be quite fast because the surrounding material,
e.g. the beam, offers a large 'heat sink' and the weld is usually relatively small. This can lead to
hardening of the 'heat affected zone' (HAZ) and to reduced toughness. The greater the thickness
of material, the greater the reduction of toughness.
24
3.2 RAW MATERIAL USED
1. Tubular 2x2x1
2. Tubular 2x3x1
3. Bike Body
4. Piston
5. Cylinder Tube
6. Steel Sheet
7. Angle Bar
8. Paint
3.3 ENGINEERING THEORY
The design of a localized aluminum can crusher involves a combination of mechanical

engineering, materials science, and ergonomics. From a mechanical engineering perspective, the
design of a localized aluminum can crusher must consider the forces required to crush the cans,
the materials that will be used to construct the crusher, and the overall mechanism that will be
used to apply the crushing force. For example, the design may involve a lever or hinge
mechanism that amplifies the force applied by the user, or a piston and cylinder system powered
by manual force.
Materials science is also important in the design of a localized aluminum can crusher, as the
materials used must be strong enough to withstand the forces of crushing without breaking or
deforming. Common materials used in can crushers include steel and aluminum, which have
high strength-to-weight ratios and are resistant to deformation. Ergonomics plays an important
25
role in the design of a localized aluminum can crusher as well. This includes making sure that the
can
crusher is easy to use and does not pose any safety hazards to the user. The design should take
into account the physical limitations of the users, such as hand strength, height, and reach.
Additionally, the can crusher should be easy to maintain and clean. In summary, the engineering
theory behind the design of a localized aluminum can crusher involves consideration of the
forces required to Crush the cans, the materials used in construction, and the overall mechanism
used to apply the crushing force, while also taking into account safety, ease of use, and
maintenance.
Enter
The design of a localized aluminum can crusher will depend on the specific requirements
of the location in which it is to be used. For example, a wall-mounted can crusher will need to be
designed to be securely attached to a wall, while a portable can crusher will need to be designed
to be easily moved and transported. The materials used to construct the can crusher will also play
an important role in the design. For example, the can crusher will need to be made of durable
materials that can withstand the forces generated during the crushing process. Common materials
used for can crushers include steel and aluminum. The can crusher may also have additional
features such as a safety switch to prevent injury, a built-in collection bin for crushed cans, or a
removable bin for easy disposal of crushed cans. The basic principle of operation is that a force
is applied to the can to crush it. A mechanical advantage is used to multiply the force in order to
overcome the resistance of the can material. The force is usually applied by a piston or a lever,
and the can is crushed by deformation or plastic flow of the material.
26
CHAPTER IV
METHODOLOGY
The research procedure is described in this chapter. The method that was employed to
conduct this research is described, along with a justification for the approach's use. The chapter
also discusses the many phases of the research, including the process of choosing participants,
gathering data, and analyzing that data. In regard to reflexivity, the chapter also explores the
researcher's role in qualitative research. Concludes with a discussion of the validity and
reliability standards for qualitative research and how these standards were met in the current
study.
4.1 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
DATA GATHERING
MATERIALS SELECTION
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT
FABRICATION DEVELOPMENT OF FINAL DESIGN
PRODUCT TESTING OPTIMIZATION
27
FIGURE 4.1 Flowchart of Conceptual Framework
4.2 PROTOTYPE DESIGN
1. The first step is draw the free hand sketch of the model on the paper to ensure that the concept will
be successful. After this, the sketched model is converted into solid modeling and drawing using
solidworks.
2. collect the raw material for the can crusher
3. The next step is the measuring and marking of the material
4. Construction of the Frame by welding.
5. Assembling of bike, pipe, bearing, etc.
6. For manually operated Crusher, a lever is added for the rotation of the shaft.
FIGURE 4.2.1
28
FIGURE 4.2.2
FIGURE 4.2.3
29
4.3 DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES
The researchers created a questionnaire to gather essential data. The content of the
researcher’s questionnaire was to determine the effectiveness of using a pneumatic can crusher to
lessen the pollution of the said material waste. The researchers were influenced by the junk shop,
malls, sari-sari stores, and other facilities that often use and collect aluminum cans.
The researchers prepare a scale to rate our conducted study and seek their opinions. So
that the researchers know if there is something that needs to improve in their research study.
30
31
32
33
4.3.1 METHODS OF TESTING AND EVALUATION
There is an inaccurate supply of aluminum cans here in the Philippines, especially where
most of us are drinking in-can beverages. According to the study that the researchers conduct.
Most of the respondents were throwing them in can beverages waste in segregation bins however
the problem in the facilities that taking this material waste is lack of storage. In addition, these
facilities cannot put this material waste in the recycling process in which the empty in can
beverages are not going to the rightful recycling process.
In addition, there is a need for our recycling process to know where precisely these empty
in-can beverages will go. An Automatic Pneumatic Powered Aluminum Can Crusher Machine
can easily process the storage that the empty in-can beverages take.
The data on the inaccurate supply of aluminum cans in the Philippines is a clear
indication of the mismanagement of resources in the country. The Philippines has a population of
over 100 million people and is reliant on aluminum cans to fulfill their needs. Over the past few
years, the country has experienced a vast shortage of aluminum cans to meet their demands. This
has caused numerous issues in the country, such as an increase in food waste, an inability to
provide adequate products to citizens, and an increase in prices due to the lack of resources. The
government has implemented numerous policies and initiatives to combat the issues due to the
scarcity of aluminum cans. Despite these efforts, the number of households with inadequate
supplies of aluminum cans remains high. The data of inaccurate supply of aluminum cans in the
Philippines can be used to inform policymakers and citizens alike of the importance of proper
management of resources. It is essential to ensure that resources are properly allocated and
managed to avoid any shortages that could result in detrimental consequences. Additionally, it is
crucial to ensure that any initiatives or policies implemented to combat the issue of resource
scarcity are effective.
34
Finally, the data of inaccurate supply of aluminum cans in the Philippines can be used to
motivate citizens to properly dispose of their aluminum cans and to ensure that they are properly
recycled. By doing so, citizens can help to reduce the impact of resource scarcity in the
Philippines.
4.4 COMPONENTS REQUIREMENTS
4.4.1 COMPONENTS USE
SR NO. FEATURES SPECIFICATIONS
1 TUBULAR 2x2x1
2 TUBULAR 2x3x1
3 BIKE BODY
4 PISTON 15 INCH
5 CYLINDER TUBE
6 STEEL SHEET
7 ANGLE BAR 2x2
8 PAINT COLOR GREEN
35
4.5 FINAL DESIGN
Comparative Analysis of US Aluminum Can Crushers vs. Localized Can Crushers
The US aluminum can crusher is an effective way to reduce waste. It allows for easier and faster
can crushing, resulting in a decrease of the number of empty cans being disposed of. It also
reduces the cost of transportation of the cans since they can be crushed more efficiently. At the
same time, localized can crushers offer certain benefits over their US counterparts. Localized can
crushers are made of locally sourced materials which can often be more readily available and are
generally easier to repair or replace if necessary. Furthermore, many of these localized can
crushers are made from recycled materials, thus reducing the environmental impact associated
with their production. In terms of performance and efficiency, US aluminum can crushers are
often superior to localized can crushers due to the greater speed and power. US aluminum can
crushers are typically able to crush cans at a higher and more consistent rate, making them more
efficient than their localized counterparts. Additionally, US aluminum can crushers tend to have
a longer life span due to their sturdier construction and materials. Finally, the cost of US
aluminum can crushers is often higher than that of localized can crushers. US aluminum can
crushers are typically more expensive due to the cost of materials, labor, and transportation
associated with their production. Localized can crushers are usually more affordable, since they
can be made of recycled materials and require fewer resources to produce.
In conclusion, both US aluminum can crushers and localized can crushers offer advantages and
drawbacks. Ultimately, it is up to the user to decide which type of can crusher is best suited for
their needs. US aluminum can crushers offer higher speed and power, but tend to be more
expensive and require more resources to produce. Localized can crushers, on the other hand, are
often made with recycled materials and are generally easier to repair or replace
36
There have many differences between this can crusher with current design in marketplace.
This design required little forces to crush the aluminum cans, can crush a can at a time.
37
38
CHAPTER V
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
5.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter provides the findings on relevant results and discussion about Development of a
Localized Aluminum Can Crusher based on the proposed design and development in chapter 4.
The main goal was to reduce the capacity of waste materials means cutting the space of waste
transport. Overall, this chapter presents the experimental result and discussion.
5.2 DESIGN CONCEPTS CONSIDERED
39
5.3 COST ANALYSIS
Sr. Parts Name Qty. Amt. Total

No.
1 Bike 1 300 300
2 Pipe 1 300 300
3 6005 Bearing 1 280 280
4 Angle Bar 2.5 x 1 1 360 360
5 Tubular 2x2x1 1 780 780
6 Tubular 2x3x1 1 860 860
7 Cutting Disc 5 60 300
8 Locker Thinner 1 70 70
9 Lime Green Davies 1L 200 200
10 Paint Brush 2” 1 80 80
11 Welding Rod 2kilos 300 600
12 Connecting rod w/ Piston 1 1800 1800
Grand Total: 5,930.00
40
CHAPTER VI
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
6.1 CONCLUSION
After the successful fabrication of the Can Crusher, it was tested from which we obtained the
above-mentioned observations. The cans were crushed up to the desired volume in the manually
operated Crusher. Further we have seen that the Cans were crushed to a much smaller volume in
the electrically operated one. The crushers have been fabricated keeping in mind about the
minimum power requirement and minimum effort to the operator. The manually operated Can
Crusher will be suitable for small scale recycling plants while the electrically operated Can
Crusher will be suitable for medium or large scale recycling plants.
6.2 RECOMMENDATION
In the light of the limitations identified and findings of the study, taking it to a whole another
level, The Manual Can Crusher can also be made into a Hydraulic Can Crusher cans. The
Hydraulic Rod could be coded with the help of programming language so it could be used from a
distance. The mechanism would be same as with the Manual or Automatic Can Crushers with the
difference that the power comes from a hydraulic system. The Can crusher can be modified to
crush even bigger human fatigue for example empty car frames, useless metal pieces. Everything
that occupies more space than it should could be crushed into it. The car frames could be reduced
to tiny little squares with the crushing force coming from all the direction. This could help the
environment as well as the space crisis the human race is facing.
41
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45

Development of A Localized Aluminum Can Crusher 1 1

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Bataan Heroes College

Department of Engineering and Architecture

“Development of a Localized Aluminum Can

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CHAPTER 1.………………….. ………………………………………………………………1

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY……………..…………………………………1

1. 2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM……………….………….…………………..2

CHAPTER 2.………………….. ………………………………………………………………3

2.1 RELATED LITERATURE………………………………………………………...3

2.2 RELATED STUDIES……………………………………………………………...4

CHAPTER 3: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK…...………………………………………...20

3.1.1 CAST IRON …………………………………………………….………21

3.2 RAW MATERIAL USED………………………………………………….……..24

4.2 PROTOTYPE DESIGN……………………………………………………….…..27

4.3 DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES…………………………………….……..29

4.3.1 METHODS OF TESTING AND EVALUATION………………….…..33

4.4 COMPONENTS REQUIREMENTS……………………………….……………..34

4.4.1 COMPONENTS USE…….…………………………………………......33

4.5 FINAL DESIGN……………….………………………………………………….35

CHAPTER 5: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION………………………………………….........37

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

2.1 RELATED LITERATURE

According to V. Anusha, B. Sandeep, P. Dinesh Kumar, in A Novel Development of a

BINITA GOGOI, CHETONA BORUAH, PRANAMI KURMI, JAYASHRI BHUYAN,

Suryakant D. Thakur, Akshay B. Patel2, Nitin K. Tilekar3, Akash B. Wagh4 in Design

R.Rajesh, S.Selvaduraim, S.Sivakumar , M.Vino , R.Veeramuthu in Design and

A. Elfasakhany, J. Marquez, J. Benítez in DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN

DARSHAN R, GURURAJA S in DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF CRUSHER

Aman Baviskar, Vihar Doshi, Taher Parekh in AUTOMATIC CAN CRUSHER, An

Siddharth Rajvanshi in HAND OPERATED CAN CRUSHER MECHANICAL

Sawant D. A., Dr. Venkatesh M. A. in BUCKLING AND CRUSHING ANALYSIS OF

Vishal N. Kshirsagar Dr. S. K. Choudhary in Experimentation and Analysis of an Automatic

Dr.Sc. Shaban A. Buza Dr.Sc. Kastriot A. Buza in CAN CRUSHER DESIGN IN

According to Pllana, K. et al. (2014)., a beverage can is a metal (mainly aluminum)

According to the study of Zakaria, M. Z. (2009), By Referring to the invention of

Swingle, B., et al. (2021) As the world is becoming increasingly environmentally

According to Shreshtha, P. (2017), There are a significant number of benefits to owning

3.1 MATERIAL CONSIDERATION AND THEIR PROPERTIES

3.1.1 CAST IRON

3.2 RAW MATERIAL USED

3.3 ENGINEERING THEORY

The design of a localized aluminum can crusher involves a combination of mechanical

4.1 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT

FABRICATION DEVELOPMENT OF FINAL DESIGN

PRODUCT TESTING OPTIMIZATION

FIGURE 4.1 Flowchart of Conceptual Framework

4.2 PROTOTYPE DESIGN

4.3 DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES

4.3.1 METHODS OF TESTING AND EVALUATION

4.4 COMPONENTS REQUIREMENTS

4.4.1 COMPONENTS USE

SR NO. FEATURES SPECIFICATIONS

4.5 FINAL DESIGN

Comparative Analysis of US Aluminum Can Crushers vs. Localized Can Crushers

5.2 DESIGN CONCEPTS CONSIDERED

5.3 COST ANALYSIS

Sr. Parts Name Qty. Amt. Total

Grand Total: 5,930.00

Anusha, V. and Sandeep, B. and Kumar, P. Dinesh, A Novel Development of a Manual