Bituminous roads, also known as asphalt roads, are a type of road construction that utilizes

bitumen as a binder material. Bitumen is a sticky, black, and highly viscous liquid derived from
crude oil. It is mixed with aggregates such as crushed stone, sand, and gravel to form a durable
and flexible road surface. Here are the advantages and disadvantages of bituminous roads:

Advantages of Bituminous Roads:

● Smooth and Comfortable Ride: Bituminous roads provide a smooth and comfortable
driving experience due to their excellent surface texture. They offer reduced noise levels
and vibrations, resulting in enhanced driving comfort for motorists.

● Quick Construction: Bituminous roads can be constructed relatively quickly compared to

other types of road surfaces. The materials used in bituminous road construction are
readily available, and the construction process involves less time-consuming techniques.

● Cost-effective: Bituminous roads are generally cost-effective compared to other road

construction methods. The materials used are affordable, and the construction process
requires fewer resources and equipment, leading to cost savings.

● Easy Maintenance and Repair: Bituminous roads are relatively easy to maintain and
repair. Routine maintenance activities such as crack sealing, pothole patching, and
surface resealing can be done efficiently and cost-effectively, prolonging the lifespan of
the road.

● Skid Resistance: Bituminous roads offer good skid resistance, reducing the risk of
accidents and improving road safety. Special additives can be incorporated into the
bitumen mix to enhance the road's grip and friction, particularly in wet conditions.

Disadvantages of Bituminous Roads:

● Susceptibility to Temperature Changes: Bituminous roads are sensitive to temperature
fluctuations. High temperatures can cause the bitumen to soften, resulting in rutting and
deformation, while low temperatures can make the road surface brittle, leading to
cracking and pothole formation.

● Limited Lifespan: Bituminous roads have a relatively shorter lifespan compared to

concrete roads. The constant exposure to traffic loads, weather elements, and aging of
the bitumen binder contribute to wear and tear, necessitating periodic maintenance and
resurfacing.

● Vulnerability to Chemicals: Bituminous roads are susceptible to damage from

petroleum-based chemicals, such as gasoline and diesel fuel spills. These substances
 can degrade the binder and weaken the road structure, requiring immediate cleaning
and repairs.

● Environmental Impact: The production and laying of bituminous roads can have an
environmental impact. The extraction and refining of bitumen contribute to carbon
emissions, and the disposal of old asphalt materials poses challenges for recycling and
waste management.

Suitable Weather Conditions for Bituminous Roads Construction:

Bituminous roads are typically constructed in moderate weather conditions. The ideal
temperature range for successful bituminous road construction is between 10°C (50°F) and
35°C (95°F). During this temperature range, the bitumen remains workable, ensuring proper
compaction and adhesion of the asphalt mix. Construction during excessively hot or cold
weather can result in suboptimal compaction, reduced durability, and increased susceptibility to
premature damage.

It's important to consider regional climate patterns, including rainfall and humidity, as excessive
moisture can affect the bonding properties of the bitumen and the overall quality of the road
surface. Hence, it is advisable to avoid construction during heavy rain or extreme humidity.

Overall, bituminous roads are widely used due to their numerous advantages such as
smoothness, quick construction, and cost-effectiveness. However, their limitations in terms of
temperature sensitivity and lifespan should be considered when choosing the appropriate road
construction method for a specific location and climate.

Comparing bituminous roads with concrete roads-

Comparing bituminous roads (asphalt roads) with concrete roads involves considering various
factors, including construction process, cost, durability, maintenance, and performance. Here's a
comparison between the two types of roads:

● Construction Process: Bituminous Roads: Bituminous roads are constructed by

applying layers of asphalt mix, which consists of bitumen binder and aggregates. The
asphalt mix is compacted and then smoothed to create the road surface.

Concrete Roads: Concrete roads are constructed by pouring concrete, which is a mixture of
cement, aggregates, water, and additives, into forms or molds. The concrete is allowed to cure
and harden, forming a solid road surface.
 ● Cost:-

● Bituminous Roads: Bituminous roads generally have lower initial construction costs
compared to concrete roads. The materials used in asphalt mix are more affordable, and
the construction process requires less specialized equipment.

Concrete Roads: Concrete roads have higher initial construction costs due to the higher cost of
materials, including cement, and the need for skilled labor and specialized equipment for the
pouring and curing process.

● Durability and Lifespan:

Bituminous Roads: Bituminous roads have a relatively shorter lifespan compared to concrete
roads. They are more susceptible to wear and tear, especially under heavy traffic loads and
extreme weather conditions. Regular maintenance, resurfacing, and periodic seal coating are
necessary to extend their lifespan.

Concrete Roads: Concrete roads are known for their durability and longevity. They can
withstand heavy traffic loads, resist deformation, and have a longer lifespan compared to
bituminous roads. With proper maintenance, concrete roads can last for several decades.

● Maintenance and Repairs:

Bituminous Roads: Bituminous roads require regular maintenance, including crack sealing,
pothole patching, and surface resealing, to prevent further deterioration. The maintenance
activities for asphalt roads are generally easier and less costly compared to concrete roads.

Concrete Roads: Concrete roads require less frequent maintenance compared to bituminous
roads. However, if cracks or potholes develop, repairs can be more complex and expensive.
Concrete repairs may involve removing and replacing damaged sections or using specialized
techniques such as joint resealing.

● Performance:

Bituminous Roads: Bituminous roads offer a smoother and quieter ride due to their flexible
nature, which allows them to better absorb vibrations. They provide good skid resistance and
traction when designed and maintained properly.
Concrete Roads: Concrete roads offer a rigid surface that can provide a stable and comfortable
driving experience. They have higher resistance to rutting and deformation under heavy loads
and exhibit better reflective properties for road markings and signs.
It's important to note that the suitability of bituminous roads or concrete roads depends on
various factors such as traffic volume, climate conditions, available budget, and specific project
requirements. Local considerations and expertise should be consulted to determine the most
appropriate road construction material for a given situation.

Procedure for Constructing Bituminous Roads-

Constructing a bituminous road involves several steps and requires careful planning and
execution. Here is a general procedure for constructing a bituminous road:

1. Site Preparation:
- Survey the site to determine the road alignment, slopes, and required drainage provisions.
- Clear the site of any vegetation, rocks, or obstacles that may hinder the construction
process.
- Ensure proper compaction of the subgrade to provide a stable foundation for the road.

2. Base Preparation:
- Place a layer of granular sub-base material (such as crushed stone or gravel) and compact it
uniformly to achieve the desired thickness and density.
- Conduct necessary tests, such as proctor compaction tests, to ensure adequate compaction
and stability of the sub-base.

3. Binder Course:
- Apply a binder course, also known as a base course, which is a layer of asphalt mix with
larger aggregate particles.
- Spread the binder course uniformly on the prepared base and compact it using suitable
compaction equipment (such as rollers) to achieve the desired density and thickness.

4. Surface Course:
- Apply the final surface course, which is a layer of finer asphalt mix with smaller aggregate
particles.
- Spread the surface course evenly over the binder course and compact it thoroughly to
achieve the desired surface texture, smoothness, and density.

5. Compaction and Finishing:

- Use rollers to compact the asphalt mix in each layer. Initially, a vibratory roller may be used,
followed by a static roller to achieve optimal compaction.
- Ensure proper rolling patterns and overlap to achieve uniform compaction across the entire
road surface.
- Pay attention to achieving adequate density and avoiding over-compaction, which can lead
to deformation or reduced durability.
6. Surface Treatment:
- Apply a surface treatment, such as a seal coat or micro surfacing, to protect the asphalt
surface from oxidation, moisture penetration, and ageing. This step helps extend the road's
lifespan and improve its performance.

7. Markings and Signage:

- Install road markings, including lane lines, centerlines, arrows, and other required symbols,
using suitable materials and equipment.
- Install necessary signage, such as speed limit signs, traffic signs, and direction indicators, to
ensure proper guidance and safety for road users.

8. Quality Control:
- Conduct quality control tests at various stages of construction to ensure compliance with
specifications and standards. These tests may include asphalt mix testing, density testing, and
pavement smoothness measurements.

9. Regular Maintenance:
- Plan and implement regular maintenance activities, such as crack sealing, pothole patching,
and surface resealing, to prolong the lifespan of the bituminous road and address any signs of
deterioration.

It's important to note that the specific construction procedures may vary depending on project
requirements, local regulations, and available resources. Consulting with experienced engineers
and following industry best practices is crucial for the successful construction of bituminous
roads.

Estimate of construction of 1km bituminous road-

The Bituminous layers in a road are -Dense Bituminous Macadam (DBM) and Bituminous
Concrete(BC).

Considering a 2-lane road having carriageway width- 7.5 m , thickness of DBM-125 mm,
thickness of BC- 40 mm.

Considering approximate rate of DBM and BC as Rs.10000 and Rs. 11000 respectively per
cum .

Quantity of DBM required in Cum for a length of 1 Km - 1000*7.5*0.125= 937.5 cum

Quantity of BC required in Cum for a length of 1 Km - 1000*7.5*0.04= 300 cum

Hence, total cost for DBM and BC -Rs. 9375000 + Rs. 3300000 i.e 1.27 cr approx.
Bituminous road advantage and disadvantage with different
weather conditions-

Advantages of Bituminous Roads in Different Weather Conditions:

1. Hot Weather:
- Advantage: Bituminous roads perform well in hot weather as the asphalt binder becomes
more pliable, allowing it to withstand heavy traffic loads and resist deformation.
- Advantage: The dark color of bituminous roads absorbs and retains heat, which helps in
preventing the accumulation of ice and snow during colder seasons.

2. Cold Weather:
- Advantage: Bituminous roads can be designed with special additives or modified binders that
enhance their performance in cold weather conditions. These additives improve flexibility,
reduce cracking, and improve resistance to freeze-thaw cycles.
- Advantage: Asphalt roads can be plowed or easily cleared of snow, as they provide a
smoother surface with fewer bumps and irregularities compared to concrete roads.

3. Wet Weather:
- Advantage: Bituminous roads have good skid resistance, which helps vehicles maintain
traction on wet surfaces, reducing the risk of accidents.
- Advantage: The smooth surface of bituminous roads promotes rapid water drainage,
reducing the risk of hydroplaning and improving overall road safety.

Disadvantages of Bituminous Roads in Different Weather Conditions:

1. Hot Weather:
- Disadvantage: In extremely hot weather, bituminous roads may become soft and susceptible
to rutting, resulting in deformation and uneven surfaces.
- Disadvantage: High temperatures can cause the asphalt binder to age and oxidize, leading
to surface cracking and reduced durability.

2. Cold Weather:
- Disadvantage: In very cold weather, bituminous roads may become more brittle, increasing
the likelihood of cracking due to freeze-thaw cycles.
- Disadvantage: Deicing salts and chemicals used to melt ice and snow can penetrate the
asphalt surface, leading to accelerated deterioration and reduced lifespan of the road.

3. Wet Weather:
- Disadvantage: Prolonged exposure to moisture can cause the asphalt binder to deteriorate
and weaken, resulting in increased susceptibility to cracking and pothole formation.
 - Disadvantage: Poor drainage or inadequate maintenance of bituminous roads in wet weather
conditions can lead to water accumulation, reduced skid resistance, and compromised road
safety.

It's important to note that while bituminous roads have certain advantages and disadvantages in
different weather conditions, proper design, construction techniques, and regular maintenance
can help mitigate these challenges and ensure the longevity and performance of the road. Local
climate considerations, as well as adherence to recommended asphalt mix specifications, are
crucial for constructing bituminous roads that can withstand the specific weather conditions of
the region.

Suggestions for where to construct a bituminous road in

Telangana state roads-

When considering the construction of bituminous roads in Telangana, several factors should be
taken into account, including traffic volume, connectivity, economic significance, and local
needs. Here are some suggestions for potential locations to construct bituminous roads in
Telangana:

1. Major Highways and National Highways:

- Focus on improving the connectivity and accessibility of major highways and national
highways within Telangana. These roads often experience heavy traffic and play a crucial role in
connecting different regions of the state.

2. Urban Areas and Municipalities:

- Give priority to constructing bituminous roads in densely populated urban areas and
municipalities. These areas experience high traffic flow and require well-maintained road
infrastructure to support economic activities, transportation, and public mobility.

3. Industrial Zones and Economic Corridors:

- Identify industrial zones and economic corridors where bituminous roads can support the
movement of goods and services. These areas often have heavy commercial traffic and require
robust road infrastructure to facilitate trade and industrial growth.

4. Tourism Destinations:
- Consider constructing bituminous roads to connect popular tourism destinations in
Telangana. Enhancing road connectivity to tourist spots can boost tourism, promote economic
development, and improve the overall travel experience for visitors.

5. Rural and Agricultural Areas:

- Focus on improving road infrastructure in rural and agricultural areas of Telangana, which
are crucial for transporting agricultural produce and connecting rural communities to urban
centers.
6. Education and Health Institutions:
- Identify areas with educational institutions, hospitals, and healthcare centers where
bituminous roads can enhance accessibility for students, patients, and medical professionals.

7. Transport Hubs:
- Give priority to constructing bituminous roads around transport hubs such as airports, railway
stations, and bus terminals. These areas require well-maintained road infrastructure to facilitate
seamless movement of people and goods.

8. Connectivity to Neighboring States:

- Identify road routes that connect Telangana to neighboring states and prioritize the
construction of bituminous roads along these routes to enhance inter-state connectivity and
trade.

It is essential to conduct detailed feasibility studies, consult with local authorities, and engage in
community consultation to identify the most suitable locations for bituminous road construction
in Telangana. Additionally, considering the state's infrastructure development plans, traffic
surveys, and input from relevant stakeholders can aid in prioritizing road construction projects
effectively.

However, based on general considerations, here are some areas where

bituminous road construction could be considered:

1. High-Traffic Corridors: Identify roads with high traffic volumes, such as major highways,
arterial roads, and urban corridors experiencing congestion. Constructing bituminous roads in
these areas can improve traffic flow, reduce travel time, and enhance road safety.

2. Economic Zones and Industrial Areas: Focus on areas with significant economic activity,
industrial zones, and manufacturing clusters. Constructing bituminous roads in these areas will
facilitate the movement of goods and materials, support logistics and supply chains, and
promote industrial growth.

3. Rural Connectivity: Identify rural areas and remote villages that lack proper road
infrastructure. Construct bituminous roads to improve connectivity, enable access to markets,
healthcare, and education, and enhance overall rural development.

4. Tourism and Heritage Sites: Give priority to areas with high tourism potential, including
historical sites, natural attractions, and cultural destinations. Constructing bituminous roads in
these areas can enhance accessibility, attract tourists, and support local economies.

5. Agricultural Hubs: Identify regions with intensive agricultural activities and areas known for
their agricultural production. Constructing bituminous roads in these areas will facilitate the
transportation of agricultural produce, improve access for farmers, and support agricultural
development.

6. Educational and Medical Institutions: Focus on areas with educational institutions,

universities, research centers, and medical facilities. Constructing bituminous roads in these
areas will improve connectivity for students, faculty, patients, and medical professionals.

7. Border Areas and Trade Routes: Consider constructing bituminous roads in border areas and
along trade routes to enhance connectivity with neighboring states and promote trade and
commerce.

8. Urban Development Zones: Prioritize areas experiencing rapid urbanization and urban
development. Constructing bituminous roads in these areas will support the growing population,
improve transportation options, and stimulate economic activities.

These are general suggestions, and the specific areas for bituminous road construction should
be determined based on comprehensive studies, consultation with local authorities, and
considering the specific needs and priorities of Telangana. It is recommended to involve civil
engineers, transportation planners, and relevant stakeholders to assess the existing
infrastructure and determine the most appropriate locations for bituminous road construction.
PROPOSED ESTIMATE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF LOW-VOLUME BITUMINOUS ROAD ON EXISTING
SUB-BASE
The rates are taken from PWD(WB) schedule of rate for Road & Bridge works 1.12.15 & 11 th,12th ,13th,14th Addenda &
Corrigenda and Building works of Midnapore west effect from 01.11.2017 .
Length of the Road = 1000 m. Width of the Road= 2.4 m.

Description
SL.
L. B. H Quantity Rate Unit Amount
No. N x x x = Qnty.
(m) (m) (m)
Page No.-245, Item No.-4.11(iii). : Water Bound Macadam Base Course

Providing , Laying spreading and compacting stone aggregates of specific

sizes to water bound macadam specification including spreading in uniform
thickness, hand packing, rolling with vibratory roller 8 -10 tonnes in stages to
proper grade and camber, applying and brooming requisite type of screening /
binding materials to fill up the interstices of coarse aggregates watering
including lighting , guarding, barricading and macking necessary earthen
bundh of one metre width on each side and preparing the bed by necessary
cutting or filling , including cost of all materials and hire and labour charges
1 of all men and machinary and compacting to the required density, as per
Clause - 4 of Specification for Road & Bridge Works of MoRT&H (5- th
Revision )

(iii) Grading -II Aggregates (53 mm to 22.4 ) Using Stone Screnning

Type B (11.2 mm)
A. Mechanical Means
In road crust
1 x 1000 x 2.4 x 0.075 = 180.00

180.00 180.00 Rs.2,938.09 M3 Rs. 5,28,855.30

Page No.-248, Item No.- 5.02 - (ii) :- Tack Coat
Providing and applying tack coat with Catonic Bitumen Emulsion of
approved grade conforming to IS: 8887 - 1978 on the prepard surface cleaned
with Hydraulic broom, moistening the surface including cost and carriage of
emulsion , hire charges of machinery and labour, cost of fuel and lubricants
all complete as per Clause 503 of Specifications for Road Bridge Works of
MoRT& H ( 5th Revision)
2
ii) On Granular surfaces treated with Primer ( Using Bitumen emulsion
at the rate of 0.25 to 0.30 kg per Sq.M.
By Manual Means
In road crust
1 x 1000 x 2.4 = 2400.00
1 x 0 x 0 = 0.00
2400.00 2400.00 Rs.9.78 M2 Rs. 23,467.87

Page 1 of 2
 Description
SL.
L. B. H Quantity Rate Unit Amount
No. N x x x = Qnty.
(m) (m) (m)
Page No. - 254, Iitem No. - 5.11, - (20mm thick Premixed Chipping
Carpet over Tack Coat )Open Graded Premix surfacing using
Bituminous (Viscosity grade Paving Bitumen / Modified Bitumen )
Binder and Mobile Hot Mix Plant ( Light Duty )

Proving, Laying and rolling of open -graded premix surfacing of 20 mm

thickness composed of 13.2 mm (( @ 0.018 m3 per m2) and 11.2 mm ( @
0.009 m3 per m2 ) size stone aggregats, including thoroughly cleaning of the
surface, screening, cleaning and pre-heating stone chips and fully pre coating
the same either using viscosity grade paving Bitumen or cut back or emulsion
3 , carrying the mixture by any suitable arrangements, laying the mixture
uniformly over the surface, including line, grade and level to serve as wearing
course on a previously prepared base, including mixing in mobile Hot Mix
Plant ( Light Duty ) and thoroughly rolling with a smooth wheeled roller 8 -
10 Tonne capacity, finished to required level and grades including the cost
and carriage of stone chips and matiex heating the matix, preheating the
aggregats to required temperature and including the hire charges of Mobile
In road crust
1 x 1000 x 2.4 2400.00
1 x 0 x 0 0.00
= 2400.00 2400.00 Rs.106.44 M2 Rs. 2,55,453.70
Page No. - 255, Iitem No. - 5.13 - B - (I) - (i)
Providing and laying Premixed Seal Coat ( Type - B ) with approved quality
sand / grit @ 0.60 m3 / 100 m2 and bitumen binder on thoroughly cleaned
black top surface coated with tack coat, including heating and mixing cleaned
sand / grit ( 100 % passing through 2.36 mm sieve and retained on 180
micron sieve ) uniformly with bitumen binder, laying and spreading the mix
at an uniform rate usding suitable means, brushing the surface, if necessary,
to ensure uniformly, followed by rolling with power roller including the cost
and carriage of binder and aggregates, cost of heating the binder and
aggregates and all other incidental charges cost of fuel and lubricants
4 including hire charges of machineries, tools & plants required for
construction and quality control complete as per Clause 511 of Specifications
for Road & Bridge Works of MoRT&H ( 5-th Revesion )

I ) By Mechanical Means
ii) With Hot Bitumen Binder ( @ 6.80 kg / 10 Sq.m.)
In road crust
1 x 1000 x 2.4 2400.00
1 x 0 x 0 0.00
= 2400.00 2400.00 Rs.39.11 M2 Rs. 93,876.00
TOTAL COST (A) Rs. 9,01,652.87
Add GST(6% CGST+6% SGST)On Sl No A) B@12.0% Rs. 1,08,198.34
Cost of Civi works excluding labour welfare cess Total (C=A+B) Rs. 9,01,652.87
Labour welfare cess (on Sl.no C)@1.0% D Rs. 9,016.53
Cost of Civi works including labour welfare cess amount (E=C+D) Rs. 9,10,669.40
Add Contingency (on Sl.no C) @3.0% Rs. Rs. 27,320.08
TOTAL ESTIMATED COST Rs. Rs. 9, 37, 990.00
TOTAL ESTIMATE (IN WORD)-NINE LAKHS THIRTY SEVEN THOUSANDS NINE HUNDRED NINETY ONLY

Page 2 of 2
 Rate Analysis of Materials
Carriage charges
loading into truck
at lifting point , rate up to 10 to 20 Total Total final
Material cost unloading at 5 to 10 km 20 to 50 transport cost
5 km km
1 destination , km cost
Grade 2 aggregate (53mm1421
- 22.4 mm) 77 124 10.9 10.1 9.5 527.5 1948.5
stone screening type B 1010 62 124 10.9 10.1 9.5 512.5 1522.5

Rate analysis for Providing , Laying spreading and compacting stone aggregates of specific sizes to water bound macadam specification including spreading in
uniform thickness, hand packing, rolling with vibratory roller 8 -10 tonnes in stages to proper grade and camber, applying and brooming requisite type of
screening / binding materials to fill up the interstices of coarse aggregates watering including lighting , guarding, barricading and macking necessary earthen
bundh of one metre width on each side and preparing the bed by necessary cutting or filling , including cost of all materials and hire and labour charges of all
men and machinary and compacting to the required density, as per Clause - 4 of Specification for Road & Bridge Works of MoRT&H ( 5- th Revision )

Stone metal 1.21 1948.5 2357.685

screening material 0.24 1522.5 365.4
Labour cost for mechanical means 1 215 215
Total 2938.085

Description Qty
Providing and applying tack coat with Catonic Bitumen Emulsion of approved grade conforming to IS: 8887 - 1978 on
the prepard surface cleaned with Hydraulic broom, moistening the surface including cost and carriage of emulsion , hire
2 charges of machinery and labour, cost of fuel and lubricants all complete as per Clause 503 of Specifications for Road
Bridge Works of MoRT& H ( 5th Revision) on granular surface treated with premix (using bitumen immultion @ of
0.25 to .30 kg/m2
30830.10/
a) cost of cataionic bitumen emulsion @ .275 kg/m2 0.275 kg 8.4782775
MT
1m2 1.3 1.3
Total 9.7782775
Description Qty
3 Proving, Laying and rolling of open -graded premix surfacing of 20 mm thickness composed of 13.2 mm (( @ 0.018 m3
per m2) and 11.2 mm ( @ 0.009 m3 per m2 ) size stone aggregats, including thoroughly cleaning of the surface,
screening, cleaning and pre-heating stone chips and fully pre coating the same either using viscosity grade paving
Bitumen or cut back or emulsion , carrying the mixture by any suitable arrangements, laying the mixture uniformly over
the surface, including line, grade and level to serve as wearing course on a previously prepared base, including mixing in
mobile Hot Mix Plant ( Light Duty ) and thoroughly rolling with a smooth wheeled roller 8 - 10 Tonne capacity, finished
to required level and grades including the cost and carriage of stone chips and matiex heating the matix, preheating the
aggregats to required temperature and including the hire charges of Mobile Hot Mix Plant ( Light Duty ) and other
machinery, pay of operators, cost of fuel and lubricants etc. complete to be followed by seal coat of either Type - A or
Type - B as per Tecnical Specification Clause 508 for Rural Roads of MORD

cost of 13.2 mm stone chips @ .018m3 per m2

.018m3 2041.5 36.747
cost of 11.2 mm stone chips @ .009m3 per m3
.009m3 1902.5 17.1225
Cost of bitumen 60/70 (packed) @ 1.46 kg per m2
1.46 kg 26349 38.46954
L/C by mobile hot mix plant including cost of fuel 1 m2 14.1 14.1
Total 106.43904

Description Qty
Providing and laying Premixed Seal Coat ( Type - B ) with approved quality sand / grit @ 0.60 m3 / 100 m2 and bitumen
binder on thoroughly cleaned black top surface coated with tack coat, including heating and mixing cleaned sand / grit (
100 % passing through 2.36 mm sieve and retained on 180 micron sieve ) uniformly with bitumen binder, laying and
spreading the mix at an uniform rate usding suitable means, brushing the surface, if necessary, to ensure uniformly,
4
followed by rolling with power roller including the cost and carriage of binder and aggregates, cost of heating the binder
and aggregates and all other incidental charges cost of fuel and lubricants including hire charges of machineries, tools &
plants required for construction and quality control complete as per Clause 511 of Specifications for Road & Bridge
Works of MoRT&H ( 5-th Revesion )
cost of bitumen 60/70 (packed ) @ .68 kg per M2 0.68kg 26349.9 17.917932
cost of stone grit @ .6 m3 per 100 M2
0.006 M3 1549.5 9.297
L/C by mobile hot mix plant including cost of fuel 1m2 11.9 11.9
Total 39.114932