silent features of Turkey’s constitution

As of my last update in September 2021, Turkey's constitution was based on the Constitution of
1982, which underwent several amendments over the years. It's essential to note that constitutions
can change, so I recommend verifying the latest information from a reliable source. However, I can
provide you with some of the typical features of Turkey's constitution up to that point:

1. Democratic Republic: Turkey's political system is defined as a democratic republic, where the
sovereignty rests with the people.
2. Separation of Powers: The constitution establishes a separation of powers among the executive,
legislative, and judicial branches of government.
3. President as Head of State: The President is the head of state and represents the unity of the
Turkish nation.
4. Parliamentary System: Turkey follows a parliamentary system, with the Grand National Assembly of
Turkey (TGNA) as the legislative body.
5. Bicameral Legislature: The Turkish parliament consists of two chambers: the National Assembly
(TBMM) and the Senate (Yüce Divan).
6. Prime Minister as Head of Government: The Prime Minister, as the head of government, leads the
executive branch and is responsible for forming the government.
7. Fundamental Rights and Freedoms: The constitution enshrines fundamental rights and freedoms
for all citizens, including freedom of expression, religion, and association.
8. Rule of Law: The constitution establishes the principle of the rule of law, ensuring that all individuals,
including public officials, are subject to the law.
9. Secularism: The Turkish constitution includes the principle of secularism, which separates religious
institutions from the state.
10. Military and National Security: The Turkish Armed Forces play a significant role in safeguarding the
country's territorial integrity and national security.
11. Local Governance: The constitution outlines the framework for local governance, providing some
autonomy to provinces and municipalities.
12. Amendment Procedure: The process for amending the constitution is defined, usually requiring a
two-thirds majority in the parliament to propose amendments, followed by a referendum for
approval.
13. Protection of the Republic: The constitution contains clauses to safeguard the democratic and
secular nature of the Republic of Turkey