Lexico Multiple Choice Word Formation For Nec

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PAGE TÀI LIÊỤ TIẾNG ANH NÂNG CAO
CHAPTER 1: LEXICO – MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Discussions on the issue of expansion of the company have been in since the
outbreak of the disease in the area.
A. hitch B. limbo C. feud D. core
in limbo: in a situation in which you are not certain what to do next, cannot take action, etc.,
especially because you are waiting for somebody else to make a decision
2. Viewers were at the incredible sight of the lunar landscape, unable to take their
eyes off the screen until the very end of the broadcast.
A. switched B. devised C. transfixed D. stifled
transfix: to make a person or animal unable to move or stop looking at something because they
are so interested, surprised, or frightened
3. Having lost her mother at an early age, Mary felt she had become a mere , having to
do absolutely everything for her five brothers and sisters.
A. taskmaster B. workmate C. slavedriver D. workhorse
workhorse: a person who does a lot of work, especially of a type that is necessary but not
interesting
4. Keith’s income looks impressive, but once tax and social security contributions are
deducted, it’s not so much.
A. full B. grand C. net D. gross
gross income: thu nhập trước thuế
5. We have developed rapid order processing to deliveries to customers.
A. expedite B. fasten C. heighten D. quicken
expedite delivery/order: đẩy nhanh tiến độ giao hàng, đặt hàng
6. The operation was a success, but the patient died of .
A. implications B. symptoms C. after-effects D. ramifications
implication: di chứng
7. Increasing terrorism in the region puts a new on the situation.
A. complexion B. disposition C. outlet D. tantrum

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put a new/different complexion on something: làm thay đổi tình hình
8. If you need help, please don’t hesitate to call me. I can be there .
A. in a fix B. in a flash C. in a daze D. in the
bag in a flash: ngay lập tức
9. He felt his heart as his bride-to-be began her walk down the aisle.
A. fasten B. quicken C. expedite D. heighten
heart quicken: tim đập nhanh
10. My car broke down and I had to a huge sum of money to have it towed and
serviced.
A. splash out B. fork out C. put aside D. pay
off fork out: miễn cưỡng chi ra 1 khoản tiền
11. The candidate’s optimism gave to doubt as the result of exit polls became known.
A. place B. lie C. vent D. voice
give place to: chuyển sang (cảm xúc)
12. After the hurricane, all that was left of our house was a pile of .
A. rabble B. rubble C. ramble D. rumble
pile of rubble: đống đổ nát
13. To say it is the best novel written in the last twenty years is going far .
A. a long way B. over the top C. through a bad patch D. to great
lengths go over the top: nói quá
14. This week’s programme is given a profile of an eminent scientist.
A. credit for B. in to C. over to D. up
on be given over to: được dành cho
15. Inspector Morts was determined to get to the of the mystery.
A. ground B. end C. bottom D. point

get to the bottom of sth: find the real cause of a problem
16. Getting away from the stresses of work would do you a of good.
A. sense B. taste C. virtue D. power
do sb a power of good: có lợi cho ai đó
17. If you make it to the final, you will be some of the best sprinters in the world.
A. in for B. up to C. up against D. up
with be up against: đối đầu với (đối thủ)
18. He gave speeches all over the world to support for his “Help the Homeless”
Campaign.
A. trot out B. turn to C. weigh up D. whip up
whip up: kêu gọi sự ủng hộ
19. Somehow I managed to my physics exam. The pass mark was 55 and I got 56.
A. scrape through B. shake off C. sit through D. slip
off scrape through: đậu sít sao (kì thi, kiểm tra)
20. The new professor is way ahead of the with his research into genetics.
A. twist B. circle C. spin D. curve
ahead of the curve: dẫn đầu
21. Don’t him on to join a gang: nothing could be worse for him!
A. egg B. toast C. butter D. knife
egg on: khuyến khích ai làm điều xấu
22. Many companies seem to reach the of disaster before anybody has tried to get
something done.
A. side B. precipice C. edge D. brink
the brink of disaster: đối mặt với thảm họa
23. I am not surprised that your brother is angry; you spent half an hour him up about
an issue he cares about deeply.
A. spinning B. turning C. winding D. twirling
wind sb up: làm ai đó bực bội
24. Although Gail thought she should have won first place, she her pride and
congratulated her rival.
A. exerted B. swallowed C. bore D. aroused
swallow one’s pride: ngậm đắng
25. I had spent two months worrying about it and I was glad to get it off my .
A. shoulders B. head C. chest D. mouth
get sth off one’s chest: thổ lộ sự thật
26. That he was using unscrupulous research methods only came out because his assistant
on him to the press.
A. ratted B. hounded C. fished D. bugged
rat on sb: tố cáo (ai)
27. The phrase ‘money doesn't buy happiness’ is a cautionary cliché that keeps us from blindly
lining your pockets with in the hope that we’ll feel happier.
A. stash B. hoard C. stock D. dosh
line one’s pockets with dosh: kiềm tiền bằng mọi thủ đoạn
28. If there happened to be both rich and poor people, as there happen to be both black and
white ones, then the advantages of the might well spread in time to the hard-up.
A. well-heeled B. big-hearted C. open-handed D. tight-fisted
the well-heeled: người giàu có
29. The government has agreed to an additional £5 million to schools in
underprivileged regions.
A. dole out B. tip off C. crack down D. toss
off dole out sth: phân phát (tiền bạc, thực phẩm)
30. As much as the candidate tried to convince people of his honesty, he could not shake off his
past.
A. serene B. tranquil C. shady D. frigid
shady: gian dối
31. The greedy man wouldn’t hesitate to away his valued assets if he thought it would
bring him more money.
A. wager B. bet C. gamble D. stake
gamble away: mất tài sản do thua bạc
32. His talent meant he could create wondrous things, but his meant he hardly ever
felt like working.
A. adversity B. lethargy C. ineptitude D. tactlessness
lethargy: sự lười biếng
33. The founder of the company decided to take a back and let the board members run
the business.
A. stage B. seat C. row D. door
take a back seat: rút khỏi vị trí chủ chốt
34. The tendency is to respond to anger with anger, but in these situations, it pays to keep a cool
.
A. brain B. mind C. head D. top
keep a cool head: giữ bình tĩnh
35. Most people are to believe that girls and boys like certain toys when they are
young.
A. hardened B. acclimated C. conditioned D. accustomed
be conditioned to: luôn luôn, lúc nào cũng
36. The local authorities annually between £50 million and £100 million on art projects.
A. disperse B. disband C. disburse D. dispose
disburse: trích một khoản tiền chi cho việc gì đó
37. Let me know of any pertinent developments, keep me in the .
A. sphere B. ring C. circle D. loop

keep sb in the loops: cập nhật thông tin cho ai đó biết
38. The employees are a rally in the city centre to demand higher wages.
A. making B. performing C. staging D. presenting
stage a rally: tổ chức biểu tình
39. Having lost her home, Lucy got a gang of people who hang around causing trouble.
A. in with B. up to C. on with D. by
on get in with: kết giao với
40. Although usually quite compassionate, the receptionist made a remark that took her
colleagues by surprise.
A. crooked B. cautious C. corrupt D. callous
callous: thiếu tế nhị, vô tâm
41. After the disastrous televised interview, the topic was on social media.
A. raging B. moving C. trending D. buzzing
trend: được quan tâm
42. Julie felt unfairly when she spoke out against a company proposal and the entire
staff team turned against her.
A prosecuted B. persecuted C. oppressed D. suppressed
persecute: đối xử không công bằng
43. Once a major politician endorsed the young man’s candidacy, everyone on the
bandwagon and started supporting him, too.
A. walked B. stepped C. jumped D. climbed
jump on the bandwagon: hùa theo
44. Malaysians should embrace their natural generosity and not let hard times their spirit
to help others in need.
A. dampen B. moisten C. drench D. deluge
dampen: làm suy yếu (nhiệt huyết, tinh thần)

45. Everyone was living off tens of thousands of years of accumulated groundwater, like a
heir squandering his wealth.
A. stingy B. miserly C. spendthrift D. penny-
pincher spendthrift: kẻ đốt tiền
46. Saving up for a nest is an important part of life and should not be ignored, no
matter how young or how well-off you are.
A. egg B. stone D. seed D. pit
nest egg: khoàn tiền dành cho mục đích đặc biệt nào đó
47. My first impression of Vanessa was that she was very charming and ; she seemed
totally at ease with people.
A. exuberant B. urbane C. aloof D. compassionate
urbane: lịch sự, nhã nhặn
48. Charlotte the new girl immediately, within hours of meeting each other they were
best of friends.
A. took issue with B. took heart from C. took a shine to D. took his hat off
to take a shine to sb: mến ai đó ngay tức thì
49. This sound system is so well-designed and technologically advanced that it is hard to
.
A. overtake B. transcend C. dominate D. rival
rival: có đối thủ
50. Parents often have to large amounts of money so their children can take part in
extracurricular sports activities.
A. mark down B. rung up C. shell out D. stock
up shell out: chi tiền
51. James kept trying to his duties, but his manager told him if he didn’t start taking
responsibility for his work he would have to leave the company.
A. beaver away B. weasel out of C. chicken out of D. clam
up weasel out of: trốn tránh

52. Our English teacher had a high opinion of herself and would always into class as if
she were a queen.
A. sprint B. skip C. strut D. stride
strut: đi khệnh khạng
53. After testing positive on a doping test, the renowned athlete was advised to lay low and
avoid the press like the .
A. plague B. hawk C. wildfire D. wind
avoid sth like the plague: tránh né
54. Apart from one or two of brilliance from Owen, England put on a rather poor
performance.
A. flashes B. spells C. storms D. strokes
flash of brilliance: phút tỏa sáng
55. The police believe Morgan strangled his girlfriend in a of jealousy.
A. burst B. fit C. flash D. spell
in a fit of jealousy: trong một phút ghen tuông
56. Normally, when he was late, he gave a pathetic excuse, but not this time, what he said had a
of truth about it.
A. figment B. glimmer C. ring D. shred
have a ring of truth about sth: có thể đúng với sự thật
57. Having gained a victory in the general elections, they proceeded with their
ambitious programme.
A. galloping B. staunch C. landslide D. close-up
landslide victory: chiến thắng sát nút
58. We can’t buy it. We have already $400 at the bank. We would run up huge debts.
A. overspent B. overtaken C. overdrawn D. overdone
overdrawn: thấu chi
59. It is hoped that this meeting will pave the way for peace.
A. long-lasting B. long-running C. long-standing D. long-winded
long-lasting peace/effect: hòa bình/ảnh hưởng lâu dài
60. Naturally, her parents were thrilled to when they found out she had passed the exam
with an A.
A. shreds B. heaven C. goodness D. bits
thrilled to bits: vô cùng vui sướng
61. I know she is a bit miserable at the moment, but she’ll soon up when she finds out
that I have booked us a two-week holiday in Barbados.
A. perk B. look C. pump D. joy
perk up: cảm thấy vui
62. There is no need to get so about being turned down. There are other advertising
agencies out there, you know.
A. destitute B. descendant C. despondent D. despicable
despondent: thất vọng
63. All he has done since losing his job is around the house all day.
A. mourn B. depress C. mope D. wallow
mope around: đi tới lui một cách buồn chán
64. He likes nothing better than to spend his Sunday mornings in the gardens.
A. pottering about B. hanging around C. whiling away D. winding
down potter about: thong thả
65. The three tours are run so we can only choose one.
A. concurrently B. recurrently C. concurringly D. cursively
concurrently: cùng lúc
66. Kitchell says the city was a of all American culture during the '60s.
A. microclimate B. microcopy C. microcosm D. microscope
A. microcosm: hình mẫu thu nhỏ

67. The idea of a nap in the middle of the day is quite to British people.
A. foreign B. distant C. remote D. unheard
foreign to sb: xa lạ đối với ai
68. The island of Tahiti sandy beaches and crystal clear water.
A. brags B. gloats C. boasts D. swaggers
boast: có
69. I don't like intellectual novels, serious music or films; my tastes are quite
A. flat-topped B. lowbrow C. shamefaced D. slow-witted
lowbrow: không đỏi hỏi tư duy
70. A lot of older people are because they've been complaining all their lives
A. irate B. crotchety C. indignant D. infuriated
crotchety: dễ nóng nảy (những từ còn lại đứng trước danh từ hoặc phía sau có giới từ)
71. Margie was an traveller; even dangerous conflict would not stop her from visiting
a place.
A. intrepid B. inquisitive C. ingenious D. insightful
intrepid: gan dạ
72. The floral bouquets we entered into the competition were a of colour, but
unfortunately, we did not win first prize.
A. wham B. riot C. drop D. buzz
a riot of colour: tập hợp đa màu sắc
73. Don’t forget to your sources; you don’t want to get accused of stealing information.
A. quote B. cite D. name D. refer
cite sources: trích nguồn
74. Travelling to Norway and experiencing the Nothern Lights first hand was always at the
very top of Mary’s list.
A. luggage B. lag C. basket D. bucket

bucket list: di nguyện
75. The football fans were coming in to watch the final game. An hour before the
kickoff the stadium was packed full.
A. fingers and thumbs B. bits and bobs
C. dribs and drabs D. bibs and
tuckers dribs and drabs: theo nhóm nhỏ
76. The Government is trying to when it says it will spend more on the health service
without raising taxes.
A. chew the fat B. wave the flag
C. square the circle D. put the
lid square the circle: làm điều tưởng chừng là không thể
77. The government is using the taxes from the working class to bail out the banks that ruined
the economy? That really !
A. sows wild oats B. spills the beans
C. takes the biscuit D. upsets the apple
cart take the biscuit: điều đáng ngạc nhiên, đáng trách
78. I've searched for that old photo album, but I can't find it anywhere.
A. high and low B. long and short
C. straight and narrow D. thick and
thin high and low: khắp nơi
79. I don't think Paul will ever get married — he's the stereotypical bachelor.
A. settled B. confirmed C. fixed D. determined
confirmed bachelor: người thích độc thân
80. I'm afraid we got our crossed — I thought my husband would be picking up the
children and he thought I was doing it.
A. minds B. purposes C. wires D. fingers
get one’s wires crossed: hiểu nhầm

81. It’s a pleasure to be in her company as she is always so and welcoming.
A. adamant B. jubilant C. obnoxious D. amiable
amiable: thân thiện
82. They will provide a lot of amusement hopping over the rocks from one puddle to
another.
A. up and down B. in and out C. back and forth D. back to
front back and forth: tới lui (di chuyển)
83. Celebrities feel special when they are surrounded by a(n) of loyal followers.
A.brigade B. entourage C. fraternity D. squad
entourage: nhóm người theo chân các ngôi sao
84. An angry stood outside parliament, shouting and threatening violence.
A. cast B. crew C. flock D. mob
mob: đám du côn
85. “I have a reservation for of six. The name’s John.” “I’ll show you to your table”.
A. band B. circle C. party D. platoon
circle: nhóm đi cùng nhau
86. Millions of people left Italy for the USA during the Italian of the nineteenth and
twentieth centuries.
A. clique B. diaspora C. horde D. troupe
diaspora: cuộc di cư
87. She was a Catholic and, so far as I am aware, morally unassailable.
A. firm B. devout C. staunch D. strict
a devout Catholic: người sùng đạo Thiên chúa
88. The police are going to down on illegal stock exchange activities in the streets.
A. dragging B. kicking C. dumbing D. clamping
clamp down on: kiểm soát chặt chẽ

89. The media regarded Gorbachev as the favorite to dethrone the old champ
A. last-minute B. odds-on C. so-called D.well –earned
odds-on: chắc chắn
90. A: ‘Oh, I’m exhausted! I’ve been doing homework all day.’
B: ‘Come and put your up for 5 minutes and I’ll make you a cup of tea.’
A. hands B. hair C. heart D. feet
put your feet up: thư giãn
91. John was a week after the accident, but he has not been able to come to football
practice yet.
A. up and about B. vim and vigour
C. fingers and thumbs D. life and
death up and about: có thể di chuyển được
92. I ate some tinned sardines that had expired and ended up feeling so sick that I all the
food I had eaten.
A. brought up B. passed out C. packed up D. went
off bring up: nôn mửa
93. I had been feeling very down in the dumps after being given the sack, but took
when a prestigious employment agency booked two interviews for me.
A. stride B. shine C. heart D. issue
take heart: cảm thấy được an ủi
95. The sales assistants were so rude to me, I decided to take my elsewhere.
A. income B. custom C. capital D. fortune
take one’s custom elsewhere: mua hàng ở nơi khác
96. She had a strong desire to be a dancer but failed to make the .
A. grade B. term C. mark D. degree
make the grade: đạt đủ tiêu chuẩn

97. We deny that we have ever cheated or tampered illegally with any match ball in
any game during our careers.
A. categorically B. fully C. distinctly D. highly
categorically: dứt khoát
98. I felt a bit and seemed to have more aches and pains than usual.
A. out of sorts C. on the mend
B. over the worst D. under the
fever out of sorts: khó chịu, không khỏe
99. A woman who appears to be a person who lives under bridges turns out to be
has a metamorphose into a princess and has a regal personage.
A. tumble-down B. downcast C. run-down D. down-and-cast
downcast: chán nản, tuyệt vọng
100. Some people can just a cold, but my colds seem to linger for weeks
A.shrug off B.cough up C.pull through D.stamp out
shrug off: dễ dàng vượt qua (bệnh tật)
101. The yard-long hawksbill turtle, with its hooked beak and scaly neck, is a living of
the dinosaur age.
A. heirloom B. relic C. vestige D. artefact
vestige: vết tích
102. The artist was so prolific in his youth that by the time he reached his forties, he was a living
.
A. icon B. fable C. myth D. legend
living legend: huyền thoại sống
103. The unpopular prime minister was in the press when she tripped while walking in
a muddy field.
A. slandered B. lampooned C. hounded D. stalked
lampoon: châm biếm, chỉ trích

104. The challenges Ann encountered while assisting the medical charity in Africa the
best in her personality.
A. brought up B. brought out C. brought around D. brought
about bring out the best in: giúp bộc lộ những phẩm chất tốt đẹp
105. The plane had moved onto the runway and the cabin crew were take-off.
A. standing by for B. standing in for C. standing up for D. standing up
to stand by for: sẵn sàng cho việc
106. The meeting was so dull that James couldn’t help part way though.
A. winding down B. hammering away C. drifting off D. sleeping
over drift off: ngủ gật
107. Although the chemist’s initial experiment failed, she upon a strong new material
in the process.
A. tripped B. fell C. broke D. stumbled
stumble upon/on: khám phá
108. Lawrence suggested ourselves at the beginning of the long project in order to
avoid exhaustion.
A. pacing B. rushing C. plodding D. racing
pace oneself: duy trì ở nhịp độ vừa phải
109. It is important not to creativity in the young and let them express themselves.
A. hinder B. stifle C. flounder D. expedite
stifle: ngăn cản (tính sáng tạo)
110. The minister was heavily by the United Nations Security Council in their report.
A. criticized B. scrutinized C. censured D. interrogated
censure: khiển trách (phát ngôn, văn bản chính thức)
111. When it comes to running the company, Michael is a(n) unto himself; he is
doing anything he pleases.
A. act B. code C. order D. law

a law unto oneself: cư xử thiếu phép tắc
112. People don’t have a right to in judgement when they don’t know all the facts.
A. sit B. pass C. make D. bite
sit in judgement: đánh giá khi không có đủ căn cứ
113. The skyscrapers of modern metropolises dwarf previous feats of engineering

both literally and figuratively.
A. tottering B. towering C. sprawling D. spanning
towering skyscrapers: tòa nhà cao chọc trời
114. The local area is lacking in places to enjoy art and cinema.
A. properly B. rashly C. sorely D. aptly
sorely: nghiêm trọng
115. At the age of 11, Taylor Swift was already trying to a record deal in Nashville.
A. land B. create C. steal D. grab
land a deal: ký hợp đồng
116. I hope virtual friendships are not the of things to come.
A. scheme B. form C. shape D. frame
the shape of things to come: the form or style that is likely to develop or be popular in the future
117. Everyone dissolved into of laughter when they saw my haircut.
A. sets B. spells C. fits D. bouts
fits of laughter: tiếng cười
118. The money-laundering scandal leads to the minister’s fall from political power.
A. prodigious B. precipitous C. dismal D. persistent
precipitous fall: tụt dốc nhanh
119. Harry was a of nerves the whole time his wife was in the hospital.
A. batch B. bunch C. bundle D. bale

be a bundle of nerves: hồi hộp, lo lắng
120. The three tours are run so we can only choose one.
A. concurrently B. recurrently C. concurringly D. cursively
concurrently: đồng thời
121. Taking a gap year will allow you to reach a level of emotional that will stay
with you for a lifetime.
A. wisdom B. ripeness C. adulthood D. maturity
emotional maturity: trưởng thành về tâm lý
122. The list of the sources for the information in this book is contained in the book’s .
A. periodical B. acknowledgements C. appendix D. bibliography
bibliography: thư mục
123. This is a very busy office and in your new position you will have to be able to think on your
!
A. toes B. legs C. feet D. knees
think on one’s feet: đưa ra quyết định nhanh chóng
124. Our plans to hold an end-of-year picnic in the woods were by the bad weather.
A. provoked B. thwarted C. emulated D. vented
thwart: ngăn cản
125. I had a that something bad was going to happen to Katy and I rushed straight
round to her house, where I found her unconscious.
A. premonition B. mind-set C. foresight D. forethought
premonition: dự cảm chẳng lành
126. Giovanni and his family spend hours at the dinner table, but that’s just the Italian
to food and eating.
A. nostalgia B. attitude C. keepsake D. respect
attitude: thói quen

127. Please these figures to memory, so that you will be able to answer the investors’
questions easily and confidently.
A. memorise B. recall C. retain D. commit
commit sth to memory: ghi nhớ
128. A major political party is the campaign for tighter gun controls in the wake of
last month’s shooting.
A. procuring B. setting C. spearheading D. fulfilling
spearhead: bắt đầu (chiến dịch)
129. I hope I’ll be able to today’s performance on the opening night.
A. aspire B. emulate C. advocate D. persevere
emulate: tái lập
130. Unfortunately, Jamie’s plans to tour around Australia didn’t due to a lack of
finances.
A. pan out B. pull off C. knuckle down D. waltz
through pan out: (of events or a situation) to develop in a particular way
knuckle down: begin to work hard
to complete something such as a test easily and successfully
131. Trekkers should be prepared to it as there are few facilities in remote areas.
A. struggle B. rough C.succumb D. tolerate
rough it: không thoải mái trong khoảng thời gian ngắn
132. The challenges Ann encountered while assisting the medical charity in Africa brought
the best in her personality.
A. up B. out C. about D. around
bring out the best in one’s personality: to cause one to exhibit one's best traits.
133. The plane had moved onto the runway and the cabin crew were standing take-off.
A. by for B. in for C. up for D. up
to stand by for : sẵn sàng

134. If you are given a anaesthetic during an operation, you are still aware of what is
going on around you.
A. local B. tropical C. varied D. released
local anaesthetic: thuốc gây tê cục bộ
135. Garlic being sold as organic was found to contain pesticide and was removed
from the market.
A. elements B. filaments C. residues D. variables
pesticide residue: dư lượng thuốc trừ sâu
136. Colin is only just ; he gets unemployment benefit, but it isn’t much.
A. scraping by B. putting aside C. bailing out D. tiding over
scrape by: vừa đủ sống
137. Insurance companies had to ￡10 million in storm damage claims.
A. dip in B. rip off C. bail out D. cough up
cough up: buộc phải trả tiền
138. We hurried back to our car as we saw the clouds over the mountains.
A. rolling in B. holding off C. beating down D. bucketing
down roll in: ùn ùn kéo đến
139. My train at 3.15, so could you be there to collect me?
A. stops off B. pulls up C. gets in D. heads
for get in: đến nơi
140. If we're going to bring this company back to its former glory, we'll need a marketing team
that can do .
A. justice B. business C. credit D. miracles
do miracles: mang lại kết quả tốt
141. The well-known clash between the President and the rebel leader is not making
things easier.
A. character B. mood C. enemy D. personality

personality clash: encounter between people whose characters/overall behaviour conflict
142. It had been with a heavy that I watched her leave, and I had sunk into a dark
and despairing mood.
A. head B. mood C. mind D. heart
heavy heart: nỗi buồn miên man
143. In some countries, a bride’s family is still required to pay a to the groom’s
family.
A. dowry B. bill C. relic D. heirloom
dowry: của hồi môn
144. Their religious beliefs were of great comfort in troubled times.
A. age-long B. long-gone C. strongly-held D. time-honoured
strongly-held beliefs: tư tưởng thấm nhuần
145. The local area is lacking in places to enjoy art and cinema.
A. properly B. rashly C. sorely D. aptly
sorely = seriously
146. I offered to do the job, but soon found that I was as it was more difficult than I
had thought.
A. pushing up daisies B. knocking on wood C. in over my head D. off my
hands in over one’s head: không có khả năng giải quyết
147. He asked the question rather , as his boss was in a bad mood and he didn’t want
to annoy her.
A. tentatively B. explosively C. insolently D. provokingly
tentatively: lưỡng lự, không chắc chắn
148. His expression left us in no doubt as to how much her rejection had hurt him.
A. anguished B. resigned C. downright D. placid
anguished: đau đớn, buồn bã

149. They are not likely to information during the current armed conflict.
A. cop out B. ladle out C. peter out D. pull
out ladle out: give somebody a lot of something, especially money or advice
150. Now that you have more money, you’ll be able to a little; you have no excuses
any more.
A. live it up B. make a break C. cut and run D. fly off the
handle live it up: tận hưởng cuộc sống
151. Although he came to work the day before his retirement, everyone knew he was just
.
A. going with the flow B. going through the motions
C. going against the grain D. going along with them
go through the motions: to do or say something because you have to, not because you really
want to
152. The characters in the novel are and have no connection with any living person.
A. existential B. distorted C. fictitious D. episodic
fictitious: hư cấu
153. They are a real organisation; they are only interested in making a profit.
A. devil-may-care B. fly-by-night C. open-handed D. down-to-earth
fly-by-night: a person or business that is dishonest and only interested in making money quickly.
154. After over the pros and cons for weeks, she finally quit her job last Friday.
A. moralizing B. agonizing C. sterilizing D. rationalizing
agonize: suy ngẫm
155. The philosopher was such a thinker that few could follow his reasoning.
A. surrealist B. profound C. methodical D. plausible
profound: showing great knowledge or understanding
156. Our guests are from a of society and so should reflect most point of views.
A. cross-section B. cross-fire C. cross-purpose D. cross-reference
cross-section: a group of people of things that are typical of a larger group
157. She decided to with the services of the maid and do the housework himself.
A. dispose B. dispense C. depose D. desert
dispense with: ngừng sử dụng
168. Her treatment by her employers finally forced her to look for a better job.
A. shabby B. messy C. grungy D. tardy
shabby: unfair and unreasonable
169. She was away from the company with promises of better terms and conditions
from a rival firm.
A. enhanced B. enticed C. manipulated D. raided
entice: lôi kéo
170. I had a disastrous day, but lately that has been par for the .
A. course B. track C. game D. road
par for the course: to be just what you expect to happen
171. They’ve been going for so long now that all their friends expect them to marry
soon.
A. dutch B. berserk C. round D. steady
go steady: have a regular romantic or sexual relationship with a particular person
172. The documentary gave him such a that he gave up smoking immediately.
A. terror B. fear C. fright D. dread
fright: the feeling of fear, especially if felt suddenly, or an experience of fear that happens
suddenly:
give sb a fright
173. It gets my that she expects to look after the children every afternoon.
A. goat B. horse C. dog D. beetle

get one’s goat: annoy sb
174. We were just in the sitting area and somehow the window got broken.
A. beetling about B. haring off C. horsing around D. wolfing
down horse around: fool around
beetle about:
hurry hare off:
rush off
wolf down: eat quickly
175. Uncle Tom’s a who prefer his own company to anyone else’s.
A. drowned rat B. lone wolf C. lame duck D. top dog
lone wolf: an animal or person that acts independently or generally lives or spends time alone
instead of with a group
drowned rat: thoroughly wet
lame duck: sb in trouble and needing
help top dog: most important person
176. I have to it to William; he put in the hard work and got results.
A. hand B. present C. give D. applaud
If you say you have (got) to hand it to someone you mean that they have been very successful or
skilful
177. Although the chemist’s initial experiment failed, she upon a strong new
material in the process.
A. tripped B. fell C. broke D. stumbled
stumble on: find, discover, or happen upon something casually or by chance
178. Lawrence suggested ourselves at the beginning of the long project in order to
avoid exhaustion.
A. pacing B. rushing C. plodding D. racing
pace oneself: to do something at a speed that is steady and that allows one to continue without
becoming too tired
179. Julie is a very friendly employee with a smile that happiness and positivity.
A. oozes B. radiates C. fosters D. boosts
radiate: to show an emotion or quality
180. There is a(n) desire for more face-to-face contact, perhaps due to the increase in
online interaction in today’s world.
A emergent B divergent C detergent D insurgent
emergent : xuất hiện
181. All three siblings agreed to their resources in order to start their new business
venture.
A. fuse B. blend C. mingle D. pool
pool: to collect something such as money in order for it to be used by several different people or
groups
182. Dennis is very about things; he never lets anything stress him out.
A.tolerant B. impetuous C. warm-hearted D. laid-back
laid-back: relaxed in manner and character; not usually worried about other people's behaviour or
things that need to be done
183. Vicky walked into the room as brass and made her demands to the group.
A. bright B. bold C. proud D. loud
bold as brass: without showing any respect, shame or fear
184. Many linguists fear that global languages could local languages as the main
means of communication in these places.
A. displace B. disperse C. discard D. disband
displace: thay thế
185. It’s never a good idea to force people to change by what has to happen.
A. dictating B. displacing C. disputing D. debasing
dictate: o control or influence how something happens

186. The changes in the line-up forced the pop group to after friction developed
between them
A. displace B. disperse C. discard D. disband
disband: to stop somebody/something from operating as a group; to separate or no longer

operate as a group
187. I’d prefer to have a healthy than greasy fried food.
A chickens salad B chicken-salad C chicken salad D salad chicken
188. The points raised about the exercise technique are not to this presentation.
A pertinent B opportune C admissible D acceptable
pertinent: appropriate to a particular situation
189. The surgery hired a to cover the patients while the doctor was on holiday.
A. practitioner B. provider C. locum D. physician
a person who stands in temporarily for someone else of the same profession, especially a cleric
or doctor.
190. The new consultant is still feeling her in the hospital.
A. bones B. pinch C. way D. weather
feel one’s way: to proceed with some task slowly and carefully
191. The clinic experienced an of support from the community when they were
threatened with closure.
A. outbreak B. overflowing C. outbursting D. outpouring
outpouring: an outburst of strong emotion
192. Her behaviour made her the life of the party; everyone loved talking to her.
A exhaustive B fragrant C exuberant D. aromatic
exuberant: full of energy, excitement and happiness
193. The children are by this new app; they can’t stop using it.
A revitalised B hypnotised C mesmerised D capitalised

mesmerise: to have such a strong effect on you that you cannot give your attention to anything
else
194. In Britain major decisions are made in the of power in Westminster.
A. aisles B. corridors C. hallways D. landings
the corridors of power: the higher levels of government where the most important decisions are
made
195. Regional parliaments allow for remote parts of the country or islands far from
the capital.
A. self-government B. self-sufficiency C. self-regulation D. self-support
self-government: government under the control and direction of the inhabitants of a political unit
rather than by an outside authority broadly
196. The system of checks and balances ensures that no individual has to do as they
please.
A. scope B. latitude C. carte blanche D. franchise
carte blanche: a French phrase, meaning 'unlimited discretionary power to act; unrestricted
authority'
197. Although citizen-centred schemes involve residents in debates, full political is

kept by local councillors and MPs.
A. autonomy B. autarchy C.autocracy D. authority
political autonomy: the situation in which a group of persons or a territory are self-governing,
thus not under the control of a higher level of government.
198. The high levels of air pollution is a result of local factory emissions.
A. plainly B. abruptly C. distinctly D. markedly
plainly: clearly
199. The management are making to increase the company’s efficiency.
A. measures B. steps C. moves D. deeds
make moves: thay đổi
200. She marched into the shops, as bold as , and demanded for her money back.
A. bass B. grass C.brass D. glass
as bold as brass: with extreme confidence or without the respect or politeness
201. She had an unclear of him in her mind, although she knew he would be old.
A. sight B. picture C. vision D. figure
picture: a mental image or memory of something
202. Those without the major studios’ huge spending are not convinced by the
argument that marketing movies can double their budget.
A. force B. strength C. weight D. power
specnding power: khả năng chi tiêu
203. The outcome was a circle whereby women's work, perceived as low status, was
poorly rewarded and therefore regarded as unimportant.
A. relentless B. vicious C. brutal D. merciless
vicious circle: chu kỳ lặp đi lặp lại
204. The best travel books of this year fall into three main categories: informational,
narrative, and anecdotal.
A. truly B. fully C. literally D. purely
purely informational: chỉ đơn thuần cung cấp thông tin
205. People are dying for of medical treatment.
A. need B. absence C. want D. shortage
for want of: because of a lack of
206. With just a little preparation and regular feeding and watering, you can guarantee that you
have a of colour throughout the summer.
A. disturbance B. riot C. demonstration D. rally
riot of colour: đầy màu sắc
207. Through a series of protestations and exclamations, coyness and giggling, I that
she was talking to her boyfriend.
A. assembled B. amassed C. harvested D. gathered

gather: đúc kết
208. Sheila often borrowed wellingtons from her sisters, even though they were about three
too big.
A. sizes B. figures C. pairs D. numbers
209. Use Cafélux Descaling Granules, available from your .
A. provider B. seller C. supplier D. contractor
supplier: nhà cung ứng sản phẩm
210. My profession allows me to both satisfy my own curiosity about the world and also to
some measure of international understanding.
A. prolong B. advertise C. promote D. elevate
promote: đẩy mạnh
211. Our guests are from a of society and so should reflect most point of views.
A. cross-section B. cross-fire
C. cross-purpose D. cross-reference
cross-section of society: nhiều thành phần trong xã hội
212. He was a very person, always laughing and telling jokes.
A. jolly B. introverted C. caustic D. gratifying
jolly: happy and cheerful
213. He tried to be as as possible, but his garish attire made it difficult.
A. accessible B. amenable C. incessant D. inconspicuous
inconspicuous: not attracting attention; not easy to notice
214. Mr Jones is , unfortunately, so you’ll have to call again tomorrow.
A. indifferent B. inimitable C. indisposed D. incongruous
indisposed: không khỏe
215. This conservative, evangelical megachurch, just outside San Diego, is a of activity
on a Sunday morning.
A. mest B. home C. seat D. hive
hive of activity: somewhere where there are lots of activities taking place at the same time
216. He must have been hungry; he that burger in record time and ordered another.
A. whipped up B. tucked in C. chopped up D. bolted down
bolt down: to eat something quickly
217. The only room available was, to say the least, . There was no carpet, no curtains,
and the only furniture was a bed and a small beside table.
A. snug B. dreary C. stark D. cushy
stark: unpleasant
218. What are they saying about the art theft is pure ; nobody knows who did it.
A. ambiguity B. hoax C. scam D. speculation
pure speculation: suy đoán
219. The spy was told to the code to memory, then destroy the document.
A. slip B. bear C. put D. commit
commit sth to memory: ghi nhớ
220. is Mr Jones; he can tell you all about the issue.
A. The man concerned B. The concerned man
C. Concerning the man D. The man concerning
221. Martin’s mother is his only relative.
A. live B. alive C. lively D. living
living: còn sống
222. The football stadium was illuminated by .
A. spotlights B. searchlights C. flashlights D. floodlights
floodlight: a large powerful lamp, used for lighting sports grounds, theatre stages and the outside
of buildings
223. I found the training exhausting as the coach always pushed us to the .
A. restriction B. border C. limit D. frontier
push sb to the limit: đạt ngưỡng của cơ thể
224. She loves reading – she always has her in a book.
A. nose B. eyes C. face D brow
have one’s nose in a book: lúc nào cũng đọc sách
225. I couldn’t come to your party as the date with my holiday.
A. clashed B. struck C. opposed D. occured
clash with: trùng với
226. Amanda was upset by his rejection, but decided to the past behind her and get on
with her life.
A. push B. fix C. drop D. put
put the past behind sb: quên đi quá khứ
227. It has taken them all this time to on a name for their baby.
A. decide B. conclude C. assent D. consent
decide on: to choose something from a number of possibilities
228. It was plain to the new employees that they should be polite to the customers.
A. put B. stated C. made D. explained
make it plain: chỉ rõ
229. The only thing they felt he was capable of was film reviews.
A. writing in B. turning out C. signing off D. summing
up turn out: produce somebody/something
230. Roads were as police searched for the escaped prisoner.
A. washed up B. cut off C. sealed off D. kept
out seal off: phong tỏa

CHAPTER 2: WORD FORMATION
1. Administrative staff may be through increased automation and efficiency.
(SKILL) deskilled: to reduce the amount of skill that is needed to do a particular job
2. The changes are , and will not produce a noticeable effect for 15 to 20 years.
(INSIDE)
insidious: ẩn khuất bên trong
3. students could understand easily what the teacher explained to them.
(BRAIN) brainy: thông minh
4. Once a person has attained status in the eyes of the world, it is very hard to break it.
(TYPE)
archetypal: nguyên mẫu, không thay đổi
5. Fatigue and boredom combine to cause - one of the biggest reasons people quit.
(BURN)
burnout: tình trạng kiệt sức
6. After the recent scandal, he faces a(n) struggle to win back public support before
the next election. (HILL)
uphill: khó khăn
7. The figure of total group exactly balances out with the total income.
(GO) outgoings: chi tiêu
8. His book is about Shakespeare's style without getting too involved in the of
Shakespeare's language. (MINUTE)
minutiae: chi tiết (số nhiều)
9. The religious conservatives are not of the West and its values.
(AMOUR) enamoured: yêu thích
10. It is said that one woman in five is a(n) . Today, pressure usually pushes millions
of women to buy beyond their means as an outlet for their frustration. (SHOP)
shopaholic: người nghiện mua sắm

11. A conservation focus on preserving ecosystems not only saves large numbers of species
(including (CHARISMA) species that do not receive public support) but also
preserves the support systems that maintain life.
non-charismatic: thiếu sức hút
12. The one thing that can be said in favour is that it sends vegans and animal rights activists
(CANDLE) with rage.
incandescent with rage: đầy giận dữ
13. Jargon is a loaded word. One dictionary defined it, neatly and neutrally, as ‘the technical
vocabulary or idiom of a special activity or group’, but this sense is almost completely
overshadowed by another: ‘obscure and often (PRETEND) language marked by
a
(ROUND) way of expression and use of long words’. It is an essential part of the
network of occupations and pursuits that make up society. It is also the chief linguistic element
which shows professional awareness (‘know-how’) and social (TOGETHER)
(‘shoptalk’).
If jargon is so essential a part of our lives, why then has it had such a bad press? The most
important reason stems from the way jargon can exclude as well as include. We may not be too
concerned if we find ourselves faced with a(n) (PENETRATE) wall of jargon
when the subject matter has little perceived relevance to our everyday lives, as in the case of
(HYDRO), say, or linguistics. But when the subject matter is one where we feel
implicated, and think we have a right to know, and the speaker uses words which make it hard
for us to understand, then we start to complain; and if we suspect that the obfuscation is
deliberate policy, we (RESERVE) condemn, labelling it gobbledegook and
calling down public derision upon it.
No area is exempt, but the fields of advertising, politics and defence have been especially
criticized in recent years by the various campaigns for Plain English. In these domains, the
extent to which people are prepared to use jargon to hide realities is a ready source of
amusement, disbelief and horror. A lie is a lie, which can be only temporarily hidden by
calling it an ‘ (OPERATE) statement’ or ‘an instance of plausible (DENY)’. Nor
can a nuclear plant explosion be suppressed for long behind such phrases as ‘energetic
(ASSEMBLE) ’, ‘abnormal evolution’ or ‘plant (TRANSIT) ’.
pretentious – roundabout – togetherness – impenetrable – hydrology – unreservedly –
inoperative
- undeniability – disassembly – transient
14. The manifesto is long-winded, and often ambiguous or poorly drafted.

(REPEAT)
repetitious: involving something that is often repeated, in a way that becomes boring.
15. He mistrusted ravishment by charm, spiritual appeal, force, wit or other .

(BLAND)
blandishments: lời a dua, nịnh hót
16. Apart from a few fanatics, there was a general to apply the laws directed
against them. (INCLINE)
disinclination: sự không mong muốn
17. Tests at the age of seven provide a against which the child's progress at
school can be measured. (MARK)
benchmark: tiêu chuẩn để đánh giá, so sánh
18. They were an average family living a boring life in a(n) little house in the
suburbs. (DESCRIBE)
nondescript: bình thường, không có gì nổi bật.
19. She has written a(n) account of the modern art world.
(SEE) insightful: sâu sắc
20. The competition challenges students around the world to come up an innovative and
business gift. (TREND)
trendsetting: khởi xướng 1 xu hướng
mới
21. Lisette came back from holiday in New York with a(n) asymmetric haircut.
(TREND)
trendy: hợp mốt
22. He tends to adopt a(n) manner when talking to young women.
(DESCEND) condescending: xem thường, trịch thượng
23. The motive behind such words is austere rather than . (SNOB)
snobbish: trịch thượng, tự cao
26. She was sitting apart from those who had once been her friends, her eyes and
her cheeks blazing. (DOWN)
downcast: buốn bã, chán nản

27. Then Alvin endured a long, wait for a flight back to New York late that night.
(SPIRIT)
dispirited: xuống tinh thần
28. Berlusconi was by Travaglio's claim that he had colluded with the Mafia.
(RAGE)
enraged: vô cùng giận dữ
29. They can be and hypersensitive to rejection, and their social skills are, as yet,
underdeveloped. (TOUCH)
touchy: nhạy cảm
30. Everyone was in a fairly constant state of anticipation and nervousness

throughout the tour. (EDGE)
edgy: căng thẳng
31. The potential for a recession across most regions of the world will have ramifications for
the prospects of expatriates in employment. (GAIN)
gainful: có lợi nhuận
32. In the past, the majority of women were consigned to a lifetime of and poverty.
(SERVE)
servitude: thân phận phục dịch, tôi tớ
33. A(n) ensued at the lab, and Angeli was convicted this week of disorderly
conduct and malicious destruction of property. (ALTER)
altercation: cuộc tranh cãi
34. This had all the makings of another long-running dispute, when again wider
political events quite unexpectedly overtook the controversy. (ACRID)
acrimonious: gay gắt
35. The of the community to the king is evident and reflects perhaps the
resentment of a dependent people. (ANIMUS)
animosity: sự thù địch
36. She had enjoyed the of colleagues, and the mild flirtation which often
underlay it. (COMRADE)
camaraderie: tình bằng hữu
37. She used her skills to get along with her remote grandfather, who provided so
little company for her grandmother. (RECONCILE)
conciliatory: hòa giải
38. Although a number of concessions helped minority nationalists, the most

militant remained unreconciled. (PACE)
pacify: xoa dịu
39. It encouraged experimenters to propose or novel approaches to problems.

(BEAT)
offbeat: khác lạ
40. The Qin's extremism was also its and it was soon replaced by the more
enduring Han dynasty, which sought compromise with aristocratic elites and legitimation
through a revived Confucianism. (DO)
undoing: lý do thất bại
41. In spite of his overnight he still manages to keep his feet on the ground.
(STAR)
stardom: vị thế ngôi sao
42. He was a modest and man who never gave the impression that he knew all
the answers. (ASSUME)
unassuming: khiêm tốn
43. Barry worried that working for a woman would him in his girlfriend's eyes.
(masculine)
emasculate: làm suy yếu, làm ai đó trở nên yếu đuối
44. For all his reclusiveness, moreover, Mr. Salinger has none of the sage's ; his
manner is a big and showy one, given to tours-de-force and to large emotional gestures.
(FACE)
self-effacement: khiêm tốn
45. These side effects have forced researchers to seek alternative medications to ,
augment or delay traditional therapy. (PLANT)
supplant: thay thế

46. The government is facing an angry from voters over the new tax.
(LASH) backlash: phản ứng dữ dội
47. While parents provide a for many women in poverty, they are not always an
unproblematic source of help. (LINE)
lifeline: phao cứu sinh
48. Is there any news about the at the central bank this morning?
(HOLD) hold-up : vụ cướp
49. Geogre said it was the worst film he had seen in ages, but it got an excellent in the
press. I think we should go and see it. (WRITE)
write-up: bài phê bình, đánh giá trên báo
50. The House of Representatives approved the budget, with 52 votes in favour, 16 against and
12 (ABSTAIN)
abstentions: bỏ phiếu trắng
51. They were enraged at the of a policeman accused of murder.
(ACQUIT) acquittal: tuyên bố vô tội (tòa án)
52. The individuality, immediacy and in computer games satisfy the needs from these
people. (MIMIC)
mimicry: sự bắt chước
53. His cartoons lampooned the leading politicians of his time.
(MERCY) mercilessly: không thương tiếc
54. We are disappointed by her approaching this matter so . (AMATEUR)
amateurishly: một cách nghiệp dư
55. It was sheer to try to drive through the mountains in that thunderstorm.
(SANE) insanity: tâm thần
56. He is a totally person who deliberately defies all standards.
(MORAL) amoral: coi thường luân lý

57. The nations carved up the defeated country into several parts,each taking an equal
share. (VICTORY)
victorious: chiến thắng
58. They have a duty to set the record straight, otherwise they are conniving at .
(FALSE)
falsehood: hành động sai trái
59. Cancer is perceived as a heterogeneous group of diseases that is characterized by

patterns of gene expression.
(ERR) aberrant: khác thường
60. She did not reply, but sat with crimson cheeks and eyes. (CAST)
downcast: buồn bã
61. I've been hearing about your reputation for a long time, and greatly respect you.
(BLEMISH)
unblemished: không tì vết
62. The national orchestra gave a(n) performance of classic music. (ELECTRIC)
electrifying: hào hứng, thú vị
63. The law is vulnerable to being manipulated or abused to serve injustice, and vulture
lawyers simply rape the law and prostitute justice to serve the and guilty for profit. (SCRUPLE)
unscrupulous: gian xảo
64. While such mentalistic constructions may sound at first sight, they are justified in
three ways. (PLAUDIT)
implausible: không thuyết phục, không hợp lý
65. If you are a reckless, unrestrained and emotionally person, you are more likely to
lose your future. (IMPEL)
impulsive: bốc đồng
66. Emmanuel suffered a(n) two weeks later and was taken to the hospital shackled
and handcuffed. (CARRY)
miscarriage: sẩy thai

67. There was an embarrassing silence after her remark but she was able to laugh it
off. (DISCERN)
indiscreet: bừa bãi, không cẩn thận
68. His lack of qualifications was taken as a sign of a(n) youth. (SPEND)
misspent: sai lầm
69. Psychologists are dealing with the problem of adolescence and " juvenile
delinquency ". (ADJUST)
maladjusted: khó uốn nắn
70. After the Soviet Union in 1991, the protests escalated into war.
(INTEGRATE) disintegrated: tan rã
71. The happened in thick fog and caused a seven-mile tailback on the motorway.
(PILE)
pile-up: tai nạn giao thông liên hoàn
72. I had a(n) time reading your latest article about the Western moron who cheated
on his Chinese wife and subsequently got himself pretty roughed up by her paid muscle.
(WRACK)
nerve-wracking: căng thẳng đầu óc
73. We had to listen to another of his stories of his days as a soldier.
(TERMINATE) interminable: dài lê thê, buồn tẻ
74. There is a(n) resemblance between this reasoning and that which had earlier led
John Dalton to an atomic theory of chemistry. (CAN)
uncanny: bất thường
75. The scan shown here indicates metabolism and blood flow in the brain's
emotional center. (FUNCTION)
dysfunctional: rối loạn chức năng
76. The children were at the thought of going to the seaside on holiday.
(JOY) overjoyed: mừng rỡ
77. Alvin met the genial master poet Langston Hughes, who became a lifelong friend and
. (CONFIDE)
confidant: tri kỷ
78. A bomb was at the last moment, after the fuse had been lit.
(ACT) deactivated: hủy kích hoạt
79. It has to be said it was rather of him to ask a complete stranger to look after his
luggage. (GENUS)
ingenuous: ngây thơ
80. Their inability to work together for the good of the republic would only increase the peoples'
about government. (CYNICAL)
cynicism: sự nghi ngờ
81. Before the war the output was produced in mass for a prospective demand.
(PONDER)
preponderant: có ảnh hưởng lớn
82. She had enjoyed the of colleagues, and the mild flirtation which often underlay it.
(COMRADE)
camaraderie: tình cảm gắn bó, thân thiết
83. The voluntarily agrees to undertake the legal risk of harm at his own expense.
(PLAINT)
plaintiff: nguyên đơn
84. Online funerals would not retain the ashes, but set up an online cemetery and memorialize
the deceased by posting an and funeral messages. (OBIT)
obituary: cáo phó
85. The taxpayer received not only a capital sum when the companies were sold but now also
receives a substantial annual . (DIVIDE)
dividend: lợi tức
86. The next government will play an energetic role in seeking multilateral nuclear .
(ARM)
disarmament: giải giáp vũ khí
87. Upholders of the scientific faith shudder at the implications of having to mix it with such
subjective and impure elements. (REDEEM)
irredeemably: vô phương cứu vãn
88. A(n) public consultation paper will be issued this autumn and a more fundamental
public discussion paper will be distributed next spring. (PREPARE)
preparatory: chuẩn bị
89. We have a number of technical publications on various oil products including lubricants,
bitumen, and petroleum gas. (LIQUID)
liquefied: hóa lỏng
90. The lawyer was disbarred from practice when he was round guilty of acts. (LAW)
unlawful: vi phạm pháp luật
91. Even today a man who stays at home to look after the children is regarded as something of
a(n) . (ODD)
oddity: sự kì lạ
92. Avoid detached signatures, unless they are of extreme and unimpeachable
authenticity. (RARE)
rarity: vật,việc hiếm gặp
93. In order to produce the effect of losing weight permanently, you must alter your
eating habits. (DESIRE)
desired effect: ảnh hưởng mong muốn
94. Environmentalists fear that this is a(n) approach to the problem of global
warming. (SIGHT)
short-sighted: thiển cận
95. Typically the various stimuli are presented concurrently, each associated with a different
outcome or requiring a different response. (CONCUR)
concurrently: cùng lúc
96. It's one of the most difficult problems our modern way of life.
(SET) besetting: lặp đi lặp lại
97. It was announced that the times were and subject to confirmation.(PROVIDE)
provisional: tạm thời

98. The government is facing an angry from voters over the new tax.
(LASH) backlash: sự phản đối
99. The Chancellor was forced into a humiliating on his economic policies.
(CLIMB) climbdown: nhượng bộ
100. People in his office view him with respect as some one who is and does not
choose to join in casual conversation. (CONTAIN)
self-contained: khép kín
101. In China, the persistence of a(n) currency has over the years effectively
subsidised exports. (VALUE)
undervalued currency: chính sách làm giảm giá trị đồng nội tệ (phá giá tiền tệ)
102. She's still carrying all that emotional from her first marriage.
(BAG) baggage: dư âm trong quá khứ
103. He had a highly memory and was an accomplished and lively speaker.
(RETAIN) retentive memory: nhớ lâu
104. Look forward to the future, we bright prospect for China's development. (VISION)
envision: mường tượng
105. I understand that, because the proposals were so ludicrous, there was no to justify
them. (RATIO)
rationale: lời giải thích
106. The foreigners in Ottawa constitute a(n) threat to the integrity and autonomy of
our province. (OMEN)
ominous: đáng ngại, điềm xấu
107. The school is acknowledged as providing equal access and to a rich and varied
curriculum. (TITLE)
entitlement: quyền được hưởng
108. Candidates found guilty of malpractice were liable to be and banned from
holding elective office for 10 years. (FRANCHISE)
disenfranchised: mất quyền công dân
109. The country had been from thirteen years of middle-level Conservative rule of
reasonable efficiency, modest dynamism but small-power idealism. (MANCIPLE)
emancipated: giải phóng khỏi luật lệ, quy định
110. The customer doesn't need to pay a large licensing fee. They only need to pay
recurring subscription fees. (FRONT)
upfront: trả trước (phí)
111. Like the theft-proof bicycle by Chris Boardman, the Nulla has no hubs or chain
drive for perhaps the sleekest, most futuristic look yet. (MINIMAL)
minimalist: tối giản
112. Davison's investments failed, leaving the family in circumstances when he died
in 1893. (STRAIT)
straitened: khó khăn
113. He raved about the punishment made by the manager regarding his fault.
(JUST) unjust: không công bằng
114. This proposal was to the one we discussed at the last meeting.
(ANALOGY) analogous: giống với
115. Some things are true: Water is wet, gra is green (kind of), dogs bark and houses
prices rise, (ALIEN)
inalienably: không thể thay đổi
116. By 1980 the Republican Party platform had become antiabortion; and a president who
pledged to (law) abortion altogether had been elected.
outlaw: cấm
117. An eight-month inquiry by the all party group on found frontline public
servants could be less likely to fall ill with stress, or quit altogether, if they engage in the
increasingly popular meditation practice. (MIND)
mindfulness: chánh niệm
118. In the UK, the ratio of people of working age to people over 65 could fall from 3.7 to 1 in
1999 to 2.1 to 1 in 2040. This suggests a very big increase in the ratio and is
consequently a cause for concern because with current spending pension commitments, it will
place a higher burden on the shrinking working population. (DEPEND)
dependency ratio: tỷ lệ phụ thuộc
119. Since their interest in the past was primarily , precise knowledge of actual
events and when they happened was not required. (MORAL)
moralistic: khắc khe về mặt đạo đức
120. A is an instrument that separates light into a frequency spectrum and

records the signal using a camera. (SPECTRUM)
spectrograph: máy quang phổ
121. The journal Public Money and Management contains articles covering the
whole of the public sector. (TOPIC)
topical: đang được quan tâm
122. Although geographically linked, the two provinces have long fought for political .
(ASCEND)
ascendancy: thế lực, quyền thế
123. Tribromoethanol has been reported to be to the viscera of mice and this can
cause intestinal problems and death. (IRRITATE)
irritant: kích thích
124. It had been a warm day in early October and she, Alex and her father were
working in the garden. (AUTUMN)
autumnal: mang đặc điểm mùa thu
125. Jess, watching Midnight, saw him glance swiftly from one to another, his look cold, even
. (SCORN)
scornful: kinh miệt
126. Many of the traditions are of a time when most people worked on the land.
(REMAIN)
remnants: tàn tích
127. If you join the armed forces, you have to pledge to your country.
(ALLAY) allegiance: lòng trung thành, sự phục tùng

128. Extending democracy at the level is the groundwork for developing socialist
democracy. (ROOT)
grassroots: cơ sở, gốc rễ
129. I am sure that I will study abroad, but I will come back to build my country," 16-year-old
rocket scientist Katherine Lee says with conviction.
(WANT) wannabe: mong muốn trở thành
130. The story of the Internet is one of piecewise relinquishment of government control and
of private individuals and organizations. (POWER)
empowerment: sự phân quyền
131. The message is clear and concise and displays no that one would expect to find
in more courtly love scenes. (VERB)
verbosity: dài dòng, rườm rà
132. He talked with the authority of the head of the family.
(MAGISTRATE) magisterial: hống hách
133. Methods Twenty three patients who had undergone proctocolectomy with ileal
reservoir were included in the study.
restorative: phục hồi, khôi phục
134. Reduction in government spending will further cuts in public services.

(NECESSARY)
necessitate: bắt buộc, yêu cầu
135. Ever since she was a child, she has had (a) for spicy food. (DILIGENT)
predilection: sự yêu thích
136. Not only was it gaudy in appearance but the smell wafting from the kitchen was distinctly
. (ODOR)
malodorous: có mùi khó chịu
137. It may take patience, but it is important to be about what sort of home you are
prepared to inhabit. (FASH)
fastidious: kĩ lưỡng
138. Small wonder if their son grew up with a taste for pursuits, warlike deeds and
sometimes foolhardy enterprise. (CHIVALRY)
chivalrous: hào hiệp
139. I ever felicitate myself secretly that I won't make remarks or be hurt by them.
(PERTAIN)
impertinent: thô lỗ
140. A proportion of waves was noted in patients who had undergone surgery 10 or
more years previously. (PROPEL)
propulsive: đẩy
141. It is essential that tutors provide a good service with the fees being charged to
students and/or their employers. (MEASURE)
commensurate: tương xứng
142. The power of red wine to high cholesterol has been ballyhooed in the press.
(ACT)
counteract: làm giảm ảnh hưởng
143. A previous knowledge of computing may be of some advantage initially but is not (a)
for entry to the course.
(REQUIRE) prerequisite: điều kiện tiên
quyết
144. Ministries send in monthly reports which are and submitted to the Chancellor via
the state secretaries. (NOTE)
annotated: giải thích, ghi chú
145. When millions watch the same programs, the whole world becomes a village, and society
is reduced to the condition which obtain in communities. (LITERACY)
pre-literate: chưa có chữ viết
146. They were sturdy and wooden; quite beautiful in their , utilitarian lines.
(CLOT) uncluttered: gọn gàng
147. It is also suggested that learning associated with employment may have been of
value to these students. (EXPERIENCE)
experiential: theo kinh nghiệm

148. It was very difficult to the story of the revolution in a single one-hour
documentary. (CAPSULE)
encapsulate: tóm gọn, gói gọn
149. The only victors in a clash between the president and the assembly would be
the hardliners on both sides. (HEAD)
head-on: đối đầu
150. We should make use of the resources available to us.
(JUDGE) judicious: khôn ngoan, hợp lý
151-160.
Motivations for censorship of the internet range from (151) (intend) desires, to
protect children from unsuitable content to (152) (authority) attempts to control a nation’s
access to political opinion. Many countries around the world have implemented extensive
filtering systems to curb the perceived (153) (law) of the medium. Many others are
debating the (154) (act) of similar measures.
The OpenNet Initiative (ONI) is an organization dedicated to informing the public about Internet
(155) (survey) and filtering policies around the world. Its mission is to uncover the
potential pitfalls and (156) (meditate) consequences of Internet censorship and thus
help to better (157) (light) public policy in this area. The ONI (158) (value)
the breadth and depth of Internet censorship in seventy-four countries in four areas of activity:
political, social, Internet tools and conflict/security. The level of (159) (tamper) in
each area is given a rank ranging from “No evidence of filtering” to (160) “ (pervade)
filtering.
151. well-intentioned
152. authoritarian
153. lawlessness/unlawfulness
154. enactment
155. surveillance
156. unpremeditated
157. enlighten
158. evaluates
159. tampering
160. pervasive
161. Greenpeace applied for a(n) review to challenge the court's decision.
(JUDGE) judicial: thuộc về tòa án
162. The President authorizes the use of military force to protect our citizens.
(JUDGE)
judicious: có suy xét, khôn ngoan
163. The people of the district rose up in arms and reinstated the abbot, but their triumph was
. (LIVE)
short-lived: ngắn ngủi
164. The process of the root formation in grape cuttings can be divided into six
periods. (ADVENT)
adventitious: tình cờ
165. Mr Mandela was the symbolic leader of the black majority. (FRANCHISE)
disenfranchised: bị đánh mất quyền lợi
166. The special session will run with the regular legislative session beginning
today. (CONCUR)
concurrently: đồng thời
167. The solutions below are descriptions of how these issues have been solved and
may serve as a pattern to help you on your next project. (RECUR)
recurrently: xuyên suốt
168. We and those of our class act 'rationally' in our fertility regulating behaviour, they act
irrationally, irresponsibly, without or knowledge. (THOUGHT)
forethought: suy tính trước
169. She had had the to prepare herself financially in case of an accident.
(SIGHT) foresight: khả năng tiên đoán
170. Rock was a roly-poly detective who looked like a no-hoper but who always the
opposition with sly brilliance. (WIT)
outwitted: defeat somebody/something or gain an advantage over them by doing something

clever.
171. She underwent a heart in a last-ditch attempt to save her.
(PLANT) transplant: ghép
172. The cold has made already living conditions even worse. (STANDARD)
substandard: dưới chuẩn
173. Hospitals are on ready to deal with casualties being flown in from the crash site.
(STAND)
standby: sẵn sàng để sử dụng
174. The opposing counsel then has a last opportunity to the witness to address facts
brought out in redirect examination. (EXAMINE)
cross-examine: thẩm vấn chéo
175. The investigator said the killings were the result of poor procedure by trigger-happy
police rather than murder. (MEDITATE)
premeditated: lên kế hoạch trước
176. An entire society was and destroyed, vanishing into the high mountains never
to return. (ROOT)
uprooted: rời bỏ (quê hương)
177. Women are caught in a double bind, in the community if they are not wives and
mothers, under excessive pressure to be perfect if they are. (MARGIN)
marginalised: ruồng bỏ
178. Coffee houses flourished as meeting points for endless discussions of the latest news,
indulging in raucous (AGREE) and for the (LUCRE) business of buying
and selling insurance ships, stocks and commodities.
disagreements
lucrative: sinh
lợi
179. In 1988 there were several well-publicised cases of young people committing suicide
apparently because of love (QUIT)
unrequited love: tình đơn phương

180. Racial hatred has been a powerful in the country's history.
(CURRENT) undercurrent: ảnh hưởng ngầm
181. The earliest written records were simply representations of natural objects, such
as birds and animals. (PICTURE)
pictorial: thuộc về hình ảnh
182. The on the stone tablet has been rubbed away by the hands of countless tourists
over the centuries. (SCRIPT)
inscription: chữ khắc
183. Redundancy payment, or a golden in lieu of notice, up to the value of ￡30,000.

(HAND)
golden handshake: a payment given to someone who is laid off or retires early
The European Court of Justice
The European Court of Justice has ruled that workers who become ill during their holidays
have the right to take additional paid time off later. The Luxembourg-based court stated that
“the
purpose of (40. TITLE) to paid annual leave is to enable the worker to rest and
enjoy a period of relaxation and leisure. The purpose of sick leave is different. It is to enable a
worker to recover from an (41. AIL) that has caused him to be unfit for work.” It
concluded that it would be arbitrary and (42. CONTRADICT) to the purpose of
paid annual leave to deny workers holiday time in exchange for time spent sick.
Business groups in the UK warn that applying the courts’ rules will be detrimental to the wider
UK economy and say that the rulings (43. LINE) the need for Britain’s ministers to
resist the court. But, unfortunately, while the UK has an opt-out on parts of the (44. DIRECT)
that the ruling relates to, it has no exemption on sick pay and holiday.
The UK government estimates that adopting the rules will cost British employers more than
£100 million annually. The UK’s Business Secretary described the court’s rulings as “an
unnecessary burden on businesses” and “completely (45. DEFEND) during a time of economic
strain”.
40. ENTITLEMENT
41. AILMENT
42. CONTRADICTORY
43. UNDERLINE
44. DIRECTIVE
45. INDEFENSIBLE
The Best Medicine
If you feel stressed or unhappy, nothing, say researchers, is as therapeutic as laughing. A good,
(40. HEART) laugh relieves physical tension and stress, leaving your muscles
relaxed for up to 45 minutes afterwards. Not only that, laughing triggers the release of
endorphins – the body’s ‘feel-good’ chemicals – so it can provide temporary relief from pain.
Laughter even increases infection-fighting antibodies, thus improving your resistance to
disease. But the best thing about this (41. PRICE) medicine that has so much power to heal
and renew is that it’s fun, free, and available in abundance.
One of the best ways to increase the amount of time you spend laughing each day is to hang
out with entertaining, (42. MISCHIEF) people. These are people who laugh easily –
both at themselves and at life’s absurdities. Laughter is contagious, so just hearing others laugh
primes your brain and readies you to smile. What’s more, the ‘feel-good’ emotion you get
when you laugh will remain with you long after your laughter (40. SIDE) .
The ability to laugh easily and frequently is a tremendous resource for (40. COME)
problems and improving both physical and emotional health.
So, go on! Bring your body and mind back into (40. EQUAL) - laugh!
40. HEARTY
41. PRICELESS
42. MISCHIEVOUS
43. SUBSIDES: become calmer
44. OVERCOMING
45. EQUILIBRIUM: a state of balance, especially between opposing forces or influences
Centenarians
Centenarians (people aged 100+ years) exhibit (40. MARK) delayed disability. It
seems to manifest only towards the end of their very long lives, at an average age of 93 years.
In one study of centenarians, 15% had no clinically (41. DEMONSTRATE) disease
at age 100 years and 43% did not exhibit age-related disease until age 80 years or older. In
short, living to 100 seems to be advantageous not just in years of survival, but in years of
quality life.
Interestingly, centenarians appear to have little in common, varying widely when it comes to
diet, education, ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Still, studies have revealed some (42.
COMMON) . Very few centenarians are obese. Most have first degree relatives
who also achieve exceptional age, indicating genetic factors are strongly involved in (43.
LONG)
. Substantial smoking history is usually rare. Finally, most centenarians have the
personality traits of (44. EXTRAVERT) and serenity; despite life’s ups and
downs, they seem better able to maintain a positive outlook and handle stress better than the
majority of the population.
But one characteristic marks out centenarians (45. DISPUTE) : gender. Some 85%
of centenarians are women. Among supercentenarians (those aged 110 or older), the figure is
90%.
40. MARKEDLY
41. DEMONSTRABLE: able to be proved
42. COMMONALITIES: the state of sharing features or attributes.
43. LONGEVITY
44. EXTRAVERSION: the quality of being energetic and not shy, and enjoying being with
other people
45. INDISPUTABLY
A DVD Review
Breathtaking underwater footage and detailed scientific explanations make Cuttlefish: Kings
of Camouflage a documentary DVD well worth buying. For those who don’t know, cuttlefish
are nature’s (40. RIVAL) masters of camouflage – creatures that can, in a fraction of a
second, alter their skin colour, pattern and texture to match any background. Viewers are sure
to be (41. FIX) by the astonishing underwater scenes in this documentary that
capture the (42. INSTANT) physical transformations cuttlefish undergo as they move
about the sea floor.
But don’t be fooled. Cuttlefish: Kings of Camouflage is so much more than spectacular
wildlife photography. Riveting commentary from expert scientists educates viewers on the
latest research into these (43. CAPTIVE) creatures. The information provided is
both entertaining and (44. LIGHT) . In short, the producers of Cuttlefish: Kings of
Camouflage have (45. DO) themselves. This is a documentary that asks, and prompts,
questions. Most importantly, it is a documentary that allows us a privileged glimpse into the
secret world of one of nature’s most remarkable creatures.
40. UNRIVALLED
41. TRANSFIXED
42. INSTANTANEOUS
43. CAPTIVATING
44. ENLIGHTENING
45. OUTDONE
Handsome and sensitive, Nero made a good start as emperor, but before long he gave in to
wild extravagance and his rule ended violently. Today, Nero’s name is a byword for (40.
RULE)
and debauchery. A brutal and (41. TYRANT) leader, Nero practised
every sort of obscenity. During his reign, he became famous for his many executions –
including that of his own mother – and his countless perverse and (42. SPEAK) acts of
violence. History famously remembers him as the emperor who merrily ‘fiddled whilst the
whole of Rome burned’, although many historians now consider this an inaccurate rumour.
Born in 37 AD, Nero was the only surviving direct male descendant of the emperor Augustus.
It is difficult to determine to what extent Nero was mentally (43. BALANCE) , but
one thing is certain: absolute power corrupted him. By the final years of his rule, a high-level
(44. CONSPIRE) to assassinate him had emerged. In 68 AD, the Senate declared
Nero a ‘public enemy’ which meant anyone could kill him without punishment. Upon learning
that his execution was imminent, a terrified Nero fled Rome and committed suicide. Disputes
over his (45. SUCCEED) quickly led to civil war, as Nero had left no heirs.
40. MISRULE/UNRULINESS
41. TYRANNICAL: using, showing, or relating to the unfair and cruel use of power over
other people in a country, group, etc.
42. UNSPEAKABLE
43. UNBALANCED
44. CONSPIRACY
45. SUCCESSION/SUCCESSOR
Most snap judgements about people are formed on the basis of their facial features. The eyes,
regarded as clues to one’s true character, are said (41. POETRY) to be the windows
of the soul: closely positioned, they imply (42. SLY) ; set wide apart they suggest
honesty and (43. DIRECT) . Thin mouths are equated with meanness and full
mouths with (44. SENSE) . Unconsciously, we make such instant judgements and
they are made about us. There is no hiding place for the face. Always exposed and vulnerable,
it
involuntarily expresses happiness, desire and joy, anger, fear, shame and (45. LOATHE).
Precisely for that reason, a masked face evokes fear and horror: once someone’s distinguishing
(46. CHARACTER) are hidden, we cannot read or recognise the person and fear
of the unknown immediately arouses suspicion.
41. POETICALLY
42. SLYNESS
43. DIRECTNESS
44. SENSUALITY
45. LOATHING
46. CHARACTERISTICS
The Cat
The house cat, Felis catus, is a small furry animal much valued by humans for both (39.
COMPANY) and its skill at hunting vermin. Although there is some uncertainty as
to when cats and humans first developed a (40. SYMBIOSIS) relationship, there
have been instances of cat (41. DOMESTIC) since as early as the Neolithic era, at
least. It is believed that cats may have an inborn (42. DISPOSE) towards tameness
and, according to some researchers may have actively sought human company and inveigled
their way into early human (43. SETTLE) . It is debatable as to whether cats were
really valued for their ability to keep pest numbers down but there is no doubt that there are
few creatures who can hunt as (44. GRACE) . With lithe, flexible bodies and sharp
retractable claws, cats are eminently suited to stealth attacks on prey and are (45. EXAMPLE)
predators.
39. COMPANIONSHIP
40. SYMBIOTIC
41. DOMESTICATION
42. DISPOSITION
43. SETTLEMENTS
44. GRACEFULLY
45. EXEMPLARY
Lloyd Webber Musicals

Andrew Lloyd Webber, whose rock-based compositions helped (40. VITAL)

English musical theatre in the late 20th century, began his career while still at Oxford
University. It was there that he formed a partnership with Timothy Rice and they began putting
on productions. Their first (41. NOTE) successful venture was Joseph and the
Amazing Technicolour Dreamcoat, a children's pop oratorio that earned worldwide (42.
CLAIM)
. Then came the rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar, a controversial look at Jesus's
life story that became one of the longest running shows in British (43. THEATRE)
history. Evita was Lloyd Webber's final collaboration with Rice and for his next production,
Cats, he used two (44. LYRIC) , Hart and Stilgoe. He then composed a hugely
successful version of Phantom of the Opera. Lloyd Webber's productions have always been
flashy spectacles and much of his success is due to his ability to blend such varied and
dissimilar genres as rock and roll, English music hall song and (45. OPERA) forms into music
with a wide mass appeal.
40. REVITALISE
41. NOTABLY
42. ACCLAIM
43. THEATRICAL
44. LYRICISTS
45. OPERATIC
With Many Thanks
Many people have given assistance to me during the writing of this book, but it is to Ms Leigh
Keith, senior editor of Ramsay and Brown that I am most deeply (41. DEBT) to for
her loyalty and encouragement during the four years the project lasted. She gave her time and
advice (42. STINT) in order for this work to be completed, giving both moral and
practical support for the lengthy research into social conditions the project (43. NECESARY)
. Her confidence in me sustained me in my belief that this was valuable work and
it was undoubtedly what enabled me to continue in the face of often discouraging
circumstances.
I must also thank my father, who has been a willing collaborator in all my efforts and who
spent long hours in libraries and on trains to distant parts of the country in search of material. I
know that he will say he enjoyed it, but without his (44. FLAG) enthusiasm this book
would never have seen the light of day. Finally, I would like to give my friends and family the
recognition they so richly deserve. They have had to put up with what must have seemed to
them an (45. EXCEPT) long drawn-out piece of writing. Thank you, all of you, very
much.
41. INDEBTED
42. UNSTINTINGLY: in a way that does not stop and is always generous
43. NECESSITATED
44. UNFLAGGING: remaining strong;
45. EXCEPTIONALLY
Hiking in the Countryside
Winter in the British countryside can be very brutal but it has such (41. BREATH)
beauty that for many people (42. GO) the pleasure of long country walks is out of
the question, however severe the weather.
Fortunately, there is a very wide range of hiking gear from which to choose, from the
traditional
waxed jackets to modern Gore-tex clothing and footwear. But, (43. RESPECT) of
your clothing preferences, of all your priorities, the main one should be to keep warm and dry.
Layering clothing is a good idea. Start with thermal underwear topped with an outer shell of
jackets and overtrousers in (44. PERMEATE) fabrics that keep out the wind and
rain but don’t make you sweat. Even in wet weather, rubber boots are unsuitable for proper long
walks. You will need good boots with ankle support and good traction. A small rucksack of
around 20-litre capacity is fine for short walks but the intrepid hiker will need a substantially
larger one of up to 40 litres. Hikers’ rucksacks have been considerably (45. LIGHT)
in recent years as more and more lightweight fabrics have been developed.
41. BREATHTAKING
42. FOREGOING
43. IRRESPECTIVE
44. PERMEABLE
45. LIGHTENED
How often have we heard how technology is making us (41. SOCIAL) ? But what
about the other less identifiable effects technology is having on us? Take, for instance, the
cherry-picking of information on search engines, which often confirms users’ (42. EXIST)
beliefs, allowing them to construct views irrespective of what is proven. This 4)
(43. REPRESENT) of facts can be dangerous in (44. POLE) society.
Then there are small but undeniably significant effects on our memory. Information is no
longer being memorized with answers only a click away. Few people commit phone numbers
to memory, relying instead on their smartphones, in contrast to the pre-tech days when people
had
countless numbers in their heads. The result is our recollection of information has (45. MARK)
deteriorated.
41. ANTISOCIAL
42. PRE-EXISTING
43. MISREPRESENTATION
44. POLARISING
45. MARKEDLY
Dickens and his world

It was with the circulation of Pickwick Papers in 1836 that young Dickens began to enjoy a
truly (1. PRECEDENT) ascent into the favour of the British reading public. He
magnificently (2. PROVE) a theory that his fame would disappear just as quickly as
it had come. He remained until his death 34 years later (3. DENY) the most popular
novelist the English- speaking world had ever known.
The public displayed a/an (4. SATIATE) appetite for his works, and there
was also a great diffusion of them through (5. NUMBER) dramatic adaptations
(nearly all completely (6. AUTHORITY) the copyright laws being much weaker in
those days).
His immense popularity was based on the widespread perception of him as a great
champion of the poor and the (7. POSSESS) against all forms of (8. JUST)
and abuse of power. In his personal life, however, he was (9. CAPACITY)
of achieving the level of fulfilment he enjoyed with the public, and all his close
emotional relationships with women (10. VARY) ended in failure. Yet, he created
an extraordinary range and variety of female characters who live on in our minds and culture
unlike any others created by Victorian novelists
1. 2. disproved 3. undeniably 4. insatiable 5. numberless/

unprecedented innumerable
6. 7. dispossessed 8. injustice 9. incapable 10. invariably

unauthorized
One of the most lethal poisons on Earth,ten thousand times more (0) deadly than cyanide is
tetrodotoxin, more concisely known as TTX. Its potency is well known in East Asia, where it
regularly kills (1- DINE) who have braved the capricious (2- DELICATE)
known as fugu or pufferfish.
This toxin has a (3- TERROR) method of operation: twenty-five minutes after
exposure it begins to (4- PARALYSIS) its victims, leaving the victim fully aware of
what is happening. Death usually results, within hours, from suffocation or heart failure.
There is no known antidote. If lucky patients can (5- STAND) the symptoms for
twenty-four hours, they usually recover without further (6-COMPLICATE) It is no
ordinary poison.
What is strange about its (7-OCCUR) is that it is found in such a wide range of
creatures, from algae to angelfish spanning entire kingdoms of life. It is rather unlikely that
such an unusual toxin evolved (8-DEPEND) in so many unrelated animals.
Marine biologists have discovered that the poison is produced by bacteria living in the gut of
its host. The best explanation is that a (9-SYMBIONT) relationship exists between host
and not the unwelcome guest, where microbes exchange poison for nutrients, providing a
valuable (10-DEFEND) weapon for its host.
1. diners 2.delicacy 3.terrifying 4. paralyse 5.withstand

6. complications 7. occurrence 8.independently 9. symbiotic 10. defensive
AGEING WORLD
The UN predicts over-60s will outnumber under-15s by 2050. In a (1- START)

report, titled 'Ageing in the 21st Century: a celebration and a challenge', the UN revealed that
the number of people over 60 is set to hit 2 billion by 2050, and the number of (2-
CENTURY)
is set to rise nearly tenfold to three million. Population ageing is a (3- PRODUCE)
of the demographic transition in which both mortality and fertility decline from
higher to lower levels. Currently, the total fertility rate is below (4- PLACE) levels
in virtually all industrialised countries. As life expectancy increases across the planet, thanks to
welcome advances in healthcare and rising economic prosperity., it is imperative that countries
start preparing now so that they can adequately care for their over-60s in the years to come.
The social and economic (5- IMPLY) of population ageing are profound and nations
across the world will be affected in (6- PRECEDE) ways. For example, there will
be major challenges for nations in areas ilke healthcare and pensions. Developing countries
especially need to start preparing as (7- PROJECT) show 80% of the world's
elderly will live in less developed regions by 2050. The UN also predicts a very large increase
in age.related chronic disease across the world. In a few decades, the loss of health worldwide
will
actually be greater from (8- COMMUNICATE) or chronic diseases (e.g.
cardiovascular disease, cancer, arthritis) than from infectious diseases for the first time in history.
1. STARTLING
2. CENTENARIANS
3. BY-PRODUCT
4. REPLACEMENT
5. IMPLICATIONS
6. UNPRECEDENTED
7. PROJECTIONS
8. NONCOMMUNICABLE
POLONIUM - 210
Historically called radium F, the element polonium-210 (Po-210) is a naturally-occurring

radioactive element that emits highly harzardous alpha particles. Po-210 was discovered in
1898 by Marie and Pierre Curie. It is (1- EXCEED) rare in nature (tiny amounts exist in
the soil and in the atmosphere) and it does not (2- CUSTOM) present a risk to
humans. Today, Po-210 is studied in nuclear research laboratories where its high radioactivity
requires special handling techniques and (3- CAUTIOUS) . Po-210 is fantastically
toxic but it does not represent a risk to human health, as long as it remains outside the body.
Internal exposure is the concern. In order to get into the human body, Po-210 must be ingested
or inhaled as It cannot pass through the skin.
It has been known since the 1960s that Po-210 is present in tobacco smoke as a contaminant.
Tobacco plants which are fertilised with phosphate fertilisers absorb Po-210 through their
roots. Even though direct root (4- TAKE) of Po-210 by tobacco plants is small, Po-210
is still estimated to cause some 11,700 lung cancer deaths annually worldwide. (5-
DEPOSIT)
of Po-10 from the atmosphere on tobacco leaves also results in elevated
concentrations of Po-210 in tobacco smoke.
1. EXCEEDINGLY
2. CUSTOMARILY
3. PRECAUTIONS
4. UPTAKE
5. DEPOSITION
CHAPTER 3 : CLOZE TEST
Exercise 1:
The Great Gatsby is F. Scott Fitzgerald's epic masterpiece about the death of the American
Dream in the 1920s. It is a tragic romance story that takes place during the summer of 1922
and is 1) on Long Island in New York City.
The book begins when the novel’s hero, Nick Carraway, moves from Minnesota to his new
home on Long Island Sound. His house is on a fictionalised island called West Egg, which is
situated in between decadent beachside homes, and 2) the bay from East Egg, an even classier
and richer area.
When Carraway meets the man who is the namesake of the book, Jay Gatsby, he is dazzled by
the 3) of his lifestyle, completely awash with awe and envy. Nick soon finds out that
even a man so popular as Gatsby cannot break the 4) ceiling when it comes to certain
social barriers, because of his own questionable past and lineage. Fitzgerald wrote this book
about the 5) known later as the Jazz Age, which was a time of glitter and decadence.
A few of the more prominent themes throughout the book are that of social class, war, and of
course, the unending 6) for the American Dream. Social or moral values, or the lack of
them, also play a huge part in the fabric of the book’s 7) . Many times Fitzgerald
provides example of the decaying moral values of the characters, and how this affects their
lives and the lives of those around them.
Many themes are dealt with in this book, which are still 8) to the world today. This is
one of the reasons why the book is considered to be one of the most important and influential
9) of classic literature of our time. It is a book that is certain to engross readers and
give them 10) for thought.
1. set
2. across
3. glamour
4. glass
5. period
6. search
7. plot
8. applicable
9. pieces
10. food
Exercise 2:
We are by 1) social animals. The social bonds we establish play a vital role in
defining us and 2)the way we develop as individuals. They contribute to our emotional
growth and help 3) that emotional void which we experience when we are deprived of the
company of other individuals like ourselves. 4) in social interaction is not
only a practical necessity but a basic part of being human. For instance, contact and
experimentation with our social environment is what 5) the learning process.
Aspects of our human nature that are attributed primarily to social factors are 6) of
behaviour and the
development of emotional intelligence. The latter helps us identify, assess and handle our
emotions. It is thus 7) makes essentially human and distinguishes us from other
living beings. When nurtured, it awakens social awareness, which is the feeling that one is not
alone but 8) of a whole, and it strengthens feelings of solidarity amongst us. This acts as an
emotional 9) by making us feel that no matter what may happen, we are in this
together, our common goal being 10) of survival.
1. nature
2. determining
3. fill
4. Engaging
5. initiates
6. codes
7. what
8. part
9. crutch
10. that
Exercise 3:
We live in an 1) dominated by an increasing dependence on technological innovations.

It is for this reason that younger generations find it virtually impossible to imagine a 2)
without the convenience and comfort they provide us with. Small wonder 3) that when
asked to forecast what life will be like in the future, they come up with something that sounds
as if it’s been 4) out of a science-fiction book. But this description is actually not the
product of an unbridled 5) . Based on the present speed at which breakthroughs are
being made, it’s actually a fairly accurate prediction. It looks as if technology will have the 6)
hand, and in all likelihood, fully automated systems will substitute for people in all areas.
People
will take the back 7) and instead of beavering 8) at work we will be able to
take advantage of the time made available to us to engage in more recreational activities.
Utilising this time constructively will be a feat in 9) . Perhaps a care of too much of a
good thing. Things might just come to the point where, from time to time, we will 10)
about the good old days.
1. era
2. future
3. then
4. taken
5. imagination
6. upper
7. seat
8. away
9. itself
10. reminisce
Exercise 4:
Mankind’s unquenchable 1) for knowledge, our intrepid spirit and our unbridled
imagination have helped us excel in leaps and bounds. They have been the 2) force
behind many innovative discoveries and inventions Our success has undoubtedly empowered
us and this has made us bold enough to set our 3) on the ultimate goal, that of eternal youth
and perhaps, even eternal life. But how do we intend to transcend the theoretical limits placed
upon us by the natural 4) of things? Well, we hope to harness the inherent 5) of
stem cells. You see, stem cells are not just ordinary cells. They are the cells that have the
capacity to develop into different cell types, and are capable of repairing as well as
replenishing other cells 6) as long as the person or animal is alive. This 7) feat,
if achieved, will have a profound impact on mankind as a range of practical applications will
be made available to us. We will be in a 8) not only to do
away with our body’s normal wear and tear, which may be likened to its natural tendency to
self-destruct, but also to combat diseases that are, to date, our arch enemies. Keep in mind that
stem cell research is still in its infancy and a daunting 9) lies ahead in our
quest for enlightenment, for which we must exercise both prudence and patience. Of
paramount importance in this quest is the application of moral restraints, which must act as a
beacon in the 10) .
1. thirst
2. driving
3. sights
4. order
5. potential
6. for
7. scientific
8. position
9. task
10. dark
Exericse 5:
A worrying question which requires global attention is severe overpopulation and its drastic
1) in the countries of the Third World. In regions where the birth rate is extremely high,
poverty and starvation are rife. In India, there is an 2) of thirty five infants being born
every minute, yet the most shocking 3) are those which indicate the enormous number of
the victims of famine in certain African territories. Communities afflicted with acute destitution
are additionally 4) with illiteracy, life in appalling conditions and infectious diseases
decimating the indigenous populations. There is an 5) need for these problems to be
solved. Unless measures are taken to ease the 6) of the impoverished underdeveloped
nations, desperate crowds of immigrants will 7) in flooding the richer states in 8)
of a brighter future. It's the most challenging 9) for the international giants nowadays to
help the poor populations get out of the 10) snare.
1. effects
2. average
3. figures
4. confronted
5. urgent
6. suffering
7. persist
8. search
9. task
10. poverty
Exercise 6:
Stressful situations that emerge almost every day in life seem to be unavoidable. However, we
can do little sometimes to avoid a misfortune or unpleasant occurrence which may befall us
1) as only it can. At such a moment, one may hit the roof, give in to the helplessness of
the situation or, ideally, put a brave face on it trying to 2) the burden.
Can you envision in your 3) an hour spent in a traffic jam, say, this morning? Do you
light one cigarette after another? Do you sound the horn every few seconds like the other
neurotics? Or do you take a different 4) and withstand the stressful moment; you can
also do a crossword puzzle, listen to your favourite music or even compose a menu for your
Saturday dinner?
In fact, whatever 5) you respond to the annoying situation, you can exert no impact on it
as the traffic jam will only reduce in due course. Nevertheless, your reaction might
considerably influence your 6) for the rest of the day. The inability to confront a stressful
occurrence like that with a deal of composure and sensibility adds much more strain to your
life and in this way puts your well-being in 7) . Surprisingly, it's the seemingly
negligible hardships we stumble on daily that run double the risk of developing serious health
disorders rather than our isolated tragedies however 8) they may be
9) that so many of those wretched stress-inducing troubles affect us in a day, we should,

at 10) , try to avoid them or possibly make radical alterations in the way we lead our
daily lifestyles.
1. unexpectedly
2. bear
3. mind
4. stance
5. way
6. mood
7. jeopardy
8. painful
9. Given
10. best
Exercise 7:
Sad as it is, a social misperception of the disabled is still 1) in many communities. It is

only in a few highly-civilised states where the problems and needs of people with physical or
mental incapacities are given the proper 2) .
In the remaining countries, the discrimination against the disabled is still practised in many
areas of social life. As in the past, they are ignored, denounced and forced to stay away from
the normal community which, unfortunately, isn’t capable of making any 3) for its less fit
members.
For decades, the hale and hearty 4) of every society has stripped the disabled of their
fundamental rights as their job applications have been turned down, their active participation in
business life has on most 5) been disallowed and there has been little concern for their
convenience in access to public transport. Equally little effort has been made to help the
disabled fully 6) with the able-bodied thus laying foundations for greater
community awareness of the drawbacks that the handicapped have to wrestle 7) daily.
There’s an urgent need to offer the disabled more adequate assistance and support in their
struggle for putting their basic rights into 8) . The key principle is that the stereotyped
approach towards the impaired individuals ought to be 9) for a more considerate one.
Another pressing matter is that the disabled shouldn’t be appraised on the basis of their
handicap, but society should rather focus on providing them with complete acceptance 10)
of any imperfections thus treating them as
fully-fledged citizens.
1. prevalent
2. consideration
3. provisions
4. part
5. occasions
6. integrate
7. with
8. operation
9. exchanged
10. irrespective
Exercise 8:
Peoples’ personalities 1) considerably from one another as there are no two alike. Our
ingrained characteristics which 2) the patterns of our behaviour, our reactions and
temperaments are unparalleled on 3) of the diversified processes that mould our
personality in the earliest stages of human development.
Some traits of character may to some extent be 4) simulating the attributes that identify
our parents. Others may stem from the conditions 5) during pregnancy and infancy in
this way reflecting the parents’ approach towards rearing their offspring. Consequently, the
environmental 6) plays a crucial role in strengthening or eliminating certain behavioural
systems making an individual more 7) to comfort to the patterns that deserve a prize.
Undoubtedly, human personality 8) the most profound and irreversible formation during
the first period of its development, 9) , certain characteristics may still be 10) to
considerable changes conditioned by different circumstances and situations.
1. vary
2. determine
3. account
4. hereditary
5. experienced
6. factor
7. prone
8. undergoes
9. yet
10. subject
Exercise 9:
For many people doing physical exercise may entail a 1) torturing of the body. Unless
we are forced to go in for a physical training, we are inclined to treat it as something of a
lower 2) than staying in front of the TV set, spending time in a pub sipping alcoholic
beverages or consuming excessive quantities of fattening confectionery in a cafe. What usually
repels individuals from committing 3) to strenuous exercise is the fear of fatigue, discomfort or
even the inhibitions of being 4) by true fitness zealots.
However, getting fit is fully a 5) of common sense. Different forms of exercise may be
of great benefit to the human body, increasing its strength, flexibility and endurance. When
supported by a nutritious 6) , much better performance of the heart and the lungs
improves the blood circulation making an individual more 7) to stressful situations as well as
more
8) to infections and diseases.
In the first place, self-discipline that is requisite for proceeding with 9) physical effort
ought to be attained to ensure that the intention of becoming healthier and more vigorous isn’t
10) by any trivial impediments.
1. painful
2. priority
3. themselves
4. outdone
5. matter
6. diet
7. resistant
8. immune
9. such
10. suppressed
Exercise 10.
The elementary means of communicating with other people is 1) messages by voice. This
fact is widely acknowledged and we recognize the voice as a feature characterizing the 2)
of a person. The array of voices is immeasurable as no two are exactly similar. They can be
nasal, resonant or shrill produced in accordance with the individual physical 3) of the
throat.
One possible implementation of the art of voice recognition is voice profiling used by police
analysts as a method of substantiating court 4) in trials. Every year thousands of
audiotapes with recorded interviews or casual utterances are 5) to the purpose to help
identify the probable culprit. Specialists dealing with the voice investigation claim that people
can 6) themselves away by their accents, infections or other voice attributes like pitch,
intensity and loudness. A recorded sample is usually converted into electric impulses and later
transformed into a pictorial recording which is 7) by a computer program. Very
frequently voice analysts have a stab at deciphering the relevant information which may be
8) with background noise or other interfering sounds until they attain the desired results.
Thankfully, these efforts help the police 9) individuals who threaten their victim by
phone or inform about bomb planting or those who make offensive calls 10) the peace of
decent citizens.
1. conveying
2. identity
3. properties
4. evidence
5. put
6. give
7. processed
8. mingled
9. detect
10. disturbing
Exercise 11:
Dreams are a sequence of ideas, emotions, sensations and images, which arise during certain
stages of sleep. The purpose of dreams as part of the biological 1) is not yet fully
understood.
Dreams are known to be connected to the 2) mind and the stage of sleep at which they
occur is 3) by rapid-eye-movement (REM), when an observer might see a sleeper’s
eyelids ‘fluttering’. Although our dreams may last for up to half an hour, we can rarely 4)
them clearly and usually, within moments of waking, find it difficult to bring them to mind at
all.
The significance of dreams can be 5) in many different ways. Freud, renowned as the
father of psychoanalysis, believed that dreams are manifestations of our most profound desires
and anxieties. He claimed to be able to 6) an individual’s subconscious through dreams
and demonstrated a connection between dreams and repressed childhood 7) .
The ancient Egyptians noted their dreams on papyrus as people who experienced vivid dreams
were considered to have a kind of 8) sense. They believed that dreams 9) oracles,
bringing messages from the gods; thus they would attempt to deliberately evoke dreams, going
to sanctuaries to sleep on special dream beds. This is not something which modern scientists
would hold with, but perhaps we should keep an 10)mind!
1. cycle
2. unconscious
3. characterized
4. recall
5. interpreted
6. access
7. memories
8. sixth
9. resembled
10. open
Exercise 12:
Today, there is much talk about ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. ADHD is
not a learning 1) , however it can cause difficulties in an academic setting.
Usually, this disorder is noticed in children around the age of six and in order for a proper
2) to be made, they need to be observed for around six months. What are the 3) ?
First and foremost, children who suffer from disorder are often unable to 4) information
easily or to focus on a task for any 5) of time. Therefore they have difficulties in
completing it. They have a very 6) attention span and as a result, they get bored easily.
Their 7) is also affected and in a classroom setting, the student may be 8) and
unable to sit down and take in information. Students are also 9) and unable to wait; they
often do things impulsively.
Unfortunately, the 10) of ADHD is still unknown, but as it is becoming more and more
common in students today, constant research is being carried out.
1. disability
2. diagnosis
3. symptoms
4. process
5. length
6. short
7. behaviour
8. hyperactive
9. impatient
10. cause
Exercise 13:
June 8th is World Oceans Day – an idea instituted by the United Nations to celebrate and
protect our natural heritage. Just as our own central nervous 1) controls every part of our body,
so the oceans control every part of our planet. They regulate climate, weather and ecosystems.
Unfortunately, human activities have led to pollution and the destruction of marine habitats.
Another result of human 2) in the natural environment is climate change with its
accompanying extreme weather 3) . A rise in greenhouse gas emissions has led to an
increase in global temperatures and as a consequence sea levels have risen. Plastic pollution is
also a big issue.
In 2016, as 4) of World Oceans Day, thousands of people took part in ‘the better bag
challenge’ and promised to use reusable bags instead of plastic ones. 80 per cent of plastic
rubbish 5) on land ends up in the sea, usually washed there via 6) – where rivers
empty into the sea. You may have seen such debris washed up onto your local beach at low
7) . Most plastic bags are made of polyethene – a 8) compound which is not
biodegradable. Plastic bags break down into tiny visible 9) , which are ingested by fish
and marine mammals. ‘The better bag challenge’ aims to halt this devastating process and give
new 10) to our oceans.
1. system
2. intervention
3. conditions
4. part
5. produced
6. estuaries
7. tide
8. chemical
9. particles
10. life
Exercisse 14
We are familiar (0) with the saying “a picture paints a thousand words” and in the global
village the world has become, information in pictorial form is (1) we turn. Much
communication takes place through symbols rather than words, a case in point (2)
airports, where you can see the majority of the thirty-four symbols devised (3)
the American Institute of Graphic Arts in the 1970s. Such signs as a knife
and fork for a restaurant or a telephone for a phone booth are a boon for (4) a traveller who
does not speak English or use the Latin alphabet. (5) worldwide "languages" of
this kind are musical and mathematical notation, circuit diagrams, road signs and computer
icons, (6) , again, bypass the need for words. Even a label on a garment will carry, in
symbols, washing and ironing instructions. All these (7) to be sufficient to their
(8) restricted worlds but would it really be possible to devise a universal symbolic
system of communication independent of any spoken language, culture-free and value-free, as
dreamt of by the seventeenth-century philosopher Leibniz? It would seem (9) . Chinese and
Japanese pictograms and ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics are sometimes cited as examples of
such a system, yet both Japanese script and Egyptian hieroglyphics include sound-based
elements and Chinese is often transliterated (10) romanised sound-based "pinyin" script.
In a word, words are inescapable.
1. everywhere 2. being 3. by 4. many 5. Other

6. which 7. seem 8. own 9. not 10. Into
Exericse 15.
A few decades ago, entry to university meant studying a strictly academic subject -a science, or
perhaps literature, a foreign language or the classics. These days, (1) education
establishments offer every conceivable subject from Chinese medicine to crime scene science.
In Britain, this trend coincided with a dramatic increase in the (2) of universities and
more relaxed entry requirements, (3) more students to experience tertiary education.
Many feared these measures would result in a (4) down of degree-level courses and
the press seized every opportunity to ridicule such courses. The creation in 1999 of a
bachelor’s degree in surfing studies was taken as the ultimate proof that universities were
prepared to give (5) in anything in an attempt to attract young
people, thereby (6) Britain’s academic reputation. In reality, the
course, run by Plymouth University in South-West England, is highly scientific, and the
curriculum is (7) including oceanography, meteorology,
materials technology and business management. Students on this course and other seemingly
more practical courses have (8) performed better in tests than those doing straight
science degrees. Far from having an adverse effect on higher education, these new disciplines
(9) students and aid learning by offering the opportunity to (10) theoretical
knowledge directly. Many of today’s graduates have a broad base of knowledge and are well
placed to enter the job market.
1. higher
2. number
3. allowing
4. dumbing
5. degrees
6. ruining
7. demanding
8. actually
9. motivate
10. apply
Exercise 16.
The prehistoric of today's crocodiles go back over 240 million years. They lived through the
break-up of the continents, they were 1) when the dinosaurs disappeared, and they
witnessed the evolution of mammals and birds. Their distinctive 2) , such as long jaws,
protective armour, streamlined body and long tail have hardly changed for millions of years,
which indicates that they are perfectly adapted to their 3) .
Crocodiles sometimes hunt in an active way, but they are better known for ambush hunting,
also called the “sit and wait” 4) . Once a crocodile detects the 5) of prey, on the bank
of the river, for example, it will sleep silently under the water and swim until it is very close to
its target. Its head then emerges and it lunges with jaws wide 6) . The jaws then slam shut.
Small creatures are usually crushed and swallowed straight down; larger prey is 7) tight
until it stops moving. If the crocodile has caught a very large animal, it will roll to throw the
prey off 8) , then drag it into deeper water and hold it there until it drowns.
Crocodiles help to keep the balance both in freshwater and saltwater 9) but,
unfortunately, seventeen of the twenty-three species that are 10) worldwide are now
endangered.
1. there
2. features
3. environment
4. approach
5. presence
6. open
7. squeezed
8. balance
9. ecosystems
10. found
Exercise 17.
Quite often a plant or animal may resemble another to which it is not closely related. The
resemblance is often 1) to a feature that offers some form of advantage, such as
protection from a predator. In most 2) cases, one species, called the mimic, gain an
advantage from its similarity to another, which may be 3) to as the model. For example,
the harmless milk snake has stripes of the same colour as the coral snake, which is extremely
poisonous. Accordingly, the mimic can avoid any predators that are 4) of coral snakes.
Though colours are often used as visual warning systems, some species use a supplementary
ploy to 5) the message. For example, skunks, which are quite clearly 6) due to
their prominent black and white markings, use a highly stylized display dance as a backup
system. Their dance draws the attention of 7) attackers to this pattern. 8) of which
ingenious defence mechanism a species might use, it must be remembered that there is no such
thing as complete protection. A case in 9) is the genius Amanita. These mushrooms are
exceedingly poisonous, yet they can be consumed by rabbits without ill 10) .
1. linked
2. such
3. referred
4. wary
5. reinforce
6. recognizable
7. potential
8. Regardless
9. point
10. effects
Exercise 18.
There are techniques that exist which can improve memory, the most popular of which must be
mnemonics, or ways to 1) information into a form that aids retention in the brain. Those
who have difficulty memorising facts, for example can 2) the information by using a
memorable phrase. A famous example is “Richard of York gave battle in vain”, 3) each
word replaces a colour of the rainbow starting with the same colour. Mnemonics 4)
because our brains find it easier to retain information that is surprising, personal or humorous,
than that 5) is abstract and impersonal. Association also plays an important part in
helping us recall information. This technique involves creating something memorable to
6) the information you want. For instance, by 7) a picture or word in your
language to a word in the foreign language that you are trying to learn, the visual or verbal
8) can help you remember the word. Recollection of facts is obviously easier if you
know your particular learning style so that you can 9) your clues. As anyone who has had to
create a password knows, easily-remembered information is information that is personally
meaningful. The best passwords are those that have a 10) significance for their users, but
whose meaning would baffle anyone else. There are lots of tricks to try; the most important
thing is to remember to use them.
1. convert
2. retrieve
3. where
4. work
5. which
6. trigger
7. linking
8. clue
9. personalise
10. unique
Exercise 19.
We’ve all been there and come back with a T-shirt bearing a slogan about it – The Failed
Holiday. The kids are bored 1) , you can’t find a decent restaurant for love or 2) ,
the cafes are all full and you are fed up. Tempers 3) and you are left wondering why
you went away in the first place – hardly a good way to spend precious holiday time. But there
is a
way of escaping the stresses of being away from home. Staying in an all-inclusive hotel
4) you don’t have to plan meals, activities or night life, as everything is catered for,
leaving you to 5) back, relax and enjoy your holiday. Most importantly, all-inclusive
holidays 6) at all-inclusive prices, so you pay for everything before you go away. And
don’t think you’ll be 7) to one or two resorts. These days, holiday companies offer all-
inclusive deals in every main resort around the Mediterranean, as well as more exotic locations
such as the Caribbean or the Maldives. If you think this is the sort of holiday you are after,
there are a few things to keep in 8) . Firstly, remember that
you’ll be spending most of your time in the hotel, so make sure you choose one which has the
facilities you require. If you’ re travelling as a family 9) , many hotels
offer excellent children’s facilities such as kid’s clubs, playgrounds and crèches. For older
children, there are a number of hotels offering supervised activities for teens while others
offer 10) sport facilities including team games, water sports and gym facilities.
1. stiff
2. money
3. fray
4. means
5. sit
6. come
7. limited
8. mind
9. unit
10. comprehensive
Exercise 20.
Imagine you are walking to school listening to music on your MP3 player. All of a sudden, it
stops working and you 1. that the batteries have run out. Wouldn’t it be wonderful if
you could simply 2. the batteries wherever you are? This might be possible in a few
years’ 3. as scientists are now working on a bag that make electricity. They say that all
someone needs to do is put the bag their back and start walking. The 4. of the body
makes electricity in a special part of the bag. This new 5. sounds like a brilliant idea, doesn’t
it? Scientists developed the “electric backpack” in order to help soldiers, who often carry
around with them torches, radios and other equipment. All these things 6 on batteries and at
the moment, the soldiers 7. on these batteries to 8 the power this equipment needs.
With the “electric backpack”, the soldiers won’t need to 9. extra batteries around with
them. Rescue workers and mountain climbers will also find the bag 10. , as will
students who don’t want their MP3 players to run out by chance on their way to school.
1. realize 2. recharge 3. time 4. movement 5. invention
6. draw 7. rely 8. supply 9. carry 10. useful
Exercise 21.
The human memory is an extremely 1. processing system that is not easily explained
lay persons. However, there are some simple to that can give anyone an idea of just
2.
how
fascinating memory is. First of all, most people have heard of long-term and short-term
memory. The former has the potential to last as long as the person lives and there is no known
3. to its former. The latter, however, only really lasts for a few seconds.
Long-term memory is divided into explicit and implicit memory. An implicit memory
would be 4. like knowing how to drive a car or bake a cake or any other thing we
have learned to do through 5. . Explicit memory is also subdivided into episodic and semantic
memory. Episodic is all the different events or episodes of your life such as your first day at
school or any other life experience. Semantic memory is about 6.
not related to experience such as knowing that Einstein wrote the theory of relativity.
We don't all remember events in the same way and memory is not a true 7.
of events. How we remember something can be affected by such things as egocentric
bias, 8. we remember in a way that makes us look better or gives us the starring
9. in an event. Also there are many things that can go wrong with memory in the
encoding, storage or retrieval 10. of memory.
1. complex
2. concepts
3. limit
4. something
5. practice
6. facts
7. record
8. whereby
9. role
10. aspects
Exercise 22:
Is cooking becoming. a lost art? On the 1. of it, the question may seem slightly
ridiculous. 2. all, food and cookery programmes have, in recent years, become one of
most popular broadcasts on television. Celebrity chef cookbooks regularly top best-seller lists,
and the 3. division of cookery seems to be disappearing - nowadays, it’s not at all,
unusual to find men in the kitchen cooking 4. a storm. Yet, is it all as it really seems?
Apparently not. According to food industry analysts, while seeking out good food has become
the 5. , preparing and cooking it certainly hasn't. The home-cooked meal is fast
becoming a lost art. Today, many people view the daily preparation of meals as an impossible
aspiration. Ready meals and other heavily processed products have become the order of the
6. . Both young and old cite lack of time as the primary reason for opting for pre-
packaged convenience foods. The trend for ready meals began in the 1990's. Today Americans
spend on 7. 50 cents out of every food dollar on ready-prepared, ready-to-eat foods. A
recent survey on the eating habits of Americans revealed that, in 1984, Americans made 72%
of their dinners from scratch but by 2008 that figure had dropped to just 57%. Americans don't
eat out as often as they used to, but eating more at home has not 8. preparing more meals
from scratch. The trend is mirrored in the UK. Like Americans, Britons are finding someone
else to do the cooking - their supermarket. Aisle after aisle of British supermarket shelves are
now 9. to ready meals. It's high time we took back the kitchen. It’s time to 10. free
from the shackles of ready-made, industrial food. It’s time to cook.
1. face
2. After
3. gender
4. up
5. norm
6. day
7. average
8. meant
9. devoted
10. break

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PAGE TÀI LIÊỤ TIẾNG ANH NÂNG CAO

CHAPTER 1: LEXICO – MULTIPLE CHOICE

A. hitch B. limbo C. feud D. core

A. switched B. devised C. transfixed D. stifled

A. taskmaster B. workmate C. slavedriver D. workhorse

A. full B. grand C. net D. gross

gross income: thu nhập trước thuế

5. We have developed rapid order processing to deliveries to customers.

A. expedite B. fasten C. heighten D. quicken

expedite delivery/order: đẩy nhanh tiến độ giao hàng, đặt hàng

6. The operation was a success, but the patient died of .

A. implications B. symptoms C. after-effects D. ramifications

7. Increasing terrorism in the region puts a new on the situation.

A. complexion B. disposition C. outlet D. tantrum

PAGE TÀI LIÊỤ TIẾNG ANH NÂNG CAO

put a new/different complexion on something: làm thay đổi tình hình

A. in a fix B. in a flash C. in a daze D. in the

bag in a flash: ngay lập tức

A. fasten B. quicken C. expedite D. heighten

heart quicken: tim đập nhanh

A. splash out B. fork out C. put aside D. pay

off fork out: miễn cưỡng chi ra 1 khoản tiền

A. place B. lie C. vent D. voice

give place to: chuyển sang (cảm xúc)

A. rabble B. rubble C. ramble D. rumble

pile of rubble: đống đổ nát

A. a long way B. over the top C. through a bad patch D. to great

lengths go over the top: nói quá

14. This week’s programme is given a profile of an eminent scientist.

A. credit for B. in to C. over to D. up

on be given over to: được dành cho

15. Inspector Morts was determined to get to the of the mystery.

A. ground B. end C. bottom D. point

PAGE TÀI LIÊỤ TIẾNG ANH NÂNG CAO

get to the bottom of sth: find the real cause of a problem

A. sense B. taste C. virtue D. power

do sb a power of good: có lợi cho ai đó

with be up against: đối đầu với (đối thủ)

A. trot out B. turn to C. weigh up D. whip up

whip up: kêu gọi sự ủng hộ

A. scrape through B. shake off C. sit through D. slip

A. twist B. circle C. spin D. curve

ahead of the curve: dẫn đầu

A. egg B. toast C. butter D. knife

egg on: khuyến khích ai làm điều xấu

A. side B. precipice C. edge D. brink

the brink of disaster: đối mặt với thảm họa

PAGE TÀI LIÊỤ TIẾNG ANH NÂNG CAO

A. spinning B. turning C. winding D. twirling

wind sb up: làm ai đó bực bội

A. exerted B. swallowed C. bore D. aroused

swallow one’s pride: ngậm đắng

A. shoulders B. head C. chest D. mouth

get sth off one’s chest: thổ lộ sự thật

A. ratted B. hounded C. fished D. bugged

rat on sb: tố cáo (ai)

A. stash B. hoard C. stock D. dosh

A. well-heeled B. big-hearted C. open-handed D. tight-fisted

the well-heeled: người giàu có

29. The government has agreed to an additional £5 million to schools in

A. dole out B. tip off C. crack down D. toss

PAGE TÀI LIÊỤ TIẾNG ANH NÂNG CAO