SUCCESS AMAZON TUTORIAL COLLEGE

Plot 2, Akimade Street,off Lasu-Isheri road, Igando, Lagos.

BIOLOGY STUDY KIT 1
EMAIL: paul4change@gmail.com TEL: 08125345217
1). What are microorganisms?
2). SUCCESS AMAZON TUTORIAL COLLEGE
3). Plot 2, Akimade Street,off Lasu-Isheri road, Igando, Lagos.
4). BIOLOGY STUDY KIT 1
5). EMAIL: paul4change@gmail.com TEL: 08125345217
6). 1). What are microorganisms?
7). Microorganisms are also called microbes or germs. They are living things which cannot be seen
with unaided eye, but by the use of microscopes.
8). 2). Who discovered microbes?
9). The first person to discover microbes was a Dutch man called Anthony Leeuwenhoek (1632 -
1723). Using a simple microscope, he was astonished to discover that rainwater that had been
collected from pools was full of little organisms.
10).3). List six examples of microorganisms
11).(i) Bacteria. (ii). Archaea. (iii). Fungi (yeasts and mould). (iv). Viruses. (v). Protozoa.
12).4). Why are viruses and prions, although microscopic, not considered microorganisms?
13).Because they are generally regarded as non-living.
14).5). What is a protozoa?
15).Protozoa are single celled organisms. They are in different shapes and sizes ranging from an
ameoba which can change it shape to paramecium with its fixed shape and complex structure.
They live in a variety of moist habitats including fresh water, marine environments and the soil.
16).6). What are protists?
17).Protists are a heterogeneous group of microorganisms that have a single cell or are groups of
similar cells joined together. Examples of protists are algae, amoebae, euglena, plasmodium,
and shime moulds.
18).7). What are eukaryotes?
19).Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within a nuclear envelope. a
eukaryote is any cell or organism that possess a clearly defined nucleus. Organisms like plants,
animals, fungi and protists are examples of eukaryotes because their cells are organised into
compartmentalized structures called organelles, such as nucleus.
20).8). Cells containing organized nucleus and organelles which are enveloped by membrane-bound
organelles are called Eukaryotic cells.
21).9). What are prokaryotes?
22).Prokaryotes are organisms that lack a distinct nucleus and other organelles due to the absence
of internal membranes. Prokaryotic cells are single-celled micro-organisms known to the earliest
on earth, e.g: archaea, streptomyces (soil bacteria), Escherichia coli bacterium (E.coli), etc.
23).10). Minute unicellular organisms or simple association of similar cells which multiply by binary
fission is called Bacteria.
24).11). The development of fibrous connective tissues as a reparative response to injury or damage
is Fibrosis.
25).12). A genetic disease that affects the lungs, digestive system and other organs is called Cystic
Fibrosis.
26).13). An infectious agent of small size and simple composition that can multiply only in living cells
of animals, plants or bacteria is called Virus.
27).14). What is a fungus?
28).Fungus (plural: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that
includes microorganisms such as yeasts, moulds, mildews and mushrooms.
29).15). What is an algae?
30).Algae is a term that describes a large group of diverse eukaryotic, photosynthetic lifeforms. They
possess photosynthetic pigment such as chlorophyll.
31).16). What is culturing?
32).Culturing is a process that results in the multiplying of microorganisms under laboratory
conditions.
33).17). A culture which contain two or more species growing together is called a mixed culture.
34).18). Biotic factors are the living component of the environment. Example producers, consumers,
herbivores, canivores, omnivores and decomposers.
35).19). Abiotic factors are the non-living factors of the environment. Example: temperature, light,
salinity, oceans current and water.
36).20). What is a cell?
37).A cell is the basic unit of life