General Science For class 5
Chapter : 1
Classification of Living Organisms
1: Define Classification of living things.
Ans: Due to classification we can determine the
similarities and differences among organisms.
2. Write three characteristics of mammals.
Ans: (i). They are the most advanced group of
vertebrates.
(ii). All mammals have hair on their body.
(iii). Mammals do not lay eggs.
3. What is kingdom?
Ans: The large groups of organism are called
kingdoms.
4. Write names of five kingdoms of organisms.
Ans: (i). Monera (ii). Protista (iii). Fungi
(iv). Plantae (v). Animalia
5. What are bacteria?
Ans: Bacteria are unicellular organisms which are
found everywhere on earth.
6. Define Algae.
Ans: Algae consist of one or many cells. Algae are
found in rivers, ponds, and oceans.
7. Give two examples of protista.
Ans: amoeba and spirogyra
8. What is Rhizopus?
Ans: Rhizopus are called black bread mold. It grows
on moist bread and fruit.
9. How plants make their own food?
Ans: With chlorophyll in their leaves.
10. Define monocot also give two examples.
Ans: The flowering plants whose seeds have one
cotyledon are called monocot.
Examples: Bamboo, rice, sugarcane.
11. What are dicot plants give examples?
Ans: The flowering platns whose seeds have two
cotyledon are called dicot.
Examples: Rose, mango, pea
12. Write down the two characteristics of birds.
Ans: (i). The birds have feather s and beak.
(ii). Their bones are hollow.
(iii). They can fly in air.
13. Define extinct organisms with examples.
Ans: The type of plants and animals which are no
longer found in this world are called extinct
organisms. For example: Dinosaurs
14. What are endanger organisms? Give two
examples.
Ans: Many organisms that are likely to be extinct in
near future are called endangered organisms.
15. Write down the characteristics of Sponge.
Ans: (i). They live in ocean.
(ii). They usually attached to the stones.
(iii). Their body is made up full of pores.
16. What are running bird? Give examples.
Ans: Some birds cannot fly and called running birds.
Examples: Ostrich, Kiwi.
17. Define Aviary.
Ans: A bird park is called aviary.
18. What is platy pus?
Ans: Platy pus is a mammal. The female platy pus lay
eggs and feed milk their young ones.
19. How pearl form in Oyster?
Ans: When a grain of salt or sand enters in the body of
oyster it forms a pearl around the grain.
20. Write five groups of vertebrates.
Ans: (i). fish (ii). Amphibians (iii). Reptiles
(iv). Birds and mammals.
21. What are molluscs? Give examples
Ans: They are soft body animals. They live in ponds,
lakes,rivers and oceans.
Examples: snail, oyster, octopus
22. Write five major groups of invertebrates.
Ans: (i). Sponges (ii). Worms (iii). Insects
(iv). Mollusces (v). echinodermis
23. Differentiate between molluscs and
Echinodermis.
Ans: Molluses:
(i).They are found in lands, ponds, lakes etc.
(ii). They have head
Examples: Octopus.
Echinoderms:
(i). They are only found in oceans.
(ii). They do not have head.
Examples: Starfish
Chapter : 2
Microorganisms
1. Define microorganism.
Ans: All those tiny organisms that can only be seen
under a microscope are called microorganisms.
2. What is microscope?
Ans: A special instrument which is used to see
microorganisms is called microscope.
3. What are main groups of microorganisms?
Ans: The main groups of microorganisms are:
viruses and bacteria.
4. What do you know about viruses?
Ans: Viruses are tiny infection particles. They are link
between living and non living things. They are
harmful to living organisms. i.e. Polio, Covid-19 etc
5. Define bacteria.
Ans: Bacteria are single – cell organisms. They are
found in air, water and soil etc.
6. Write types of bacteria on the basis of shape.
Ans: bacteria are divided into three types: round –
shaped , rod – shaped and spiral.
7. Define Fungi. How they obtain their food?
Ans: Fungi are simple organisms that are neither like
plants nor like animals in their properties. They cannot
make their own food. They decompose dead matter
into simple materials.
8. Write any two diseases which are caused by
fungi.
Ans: Ringworm and Athletes’ s foot.
9. Give three examples of microscopic fungi.
Ans: Yeast, mold and pencillium.
10. Define decomposers.
Ans: The organisms which do decomposition are
called decomposers.
11. What are the useful effect of decomposition?
Ans: By decomposition, the complex matter present in
the dead bodies of plants and animals break into
simple components.
12. What are harmful effect of decomposition?
Ans: By decomposition, microorganisms damage food
and wood. For example, milk is spoiled, bread gets
mold etc.
13. Name disease caused by Viruses.
Ans: Covid – 19, Polio, Flu, Hepatitus etc.
14. Name diseases caused by Bacteria.
Ans: Typhoid, Cholera, Pneumonia.
15. What are Airborne diseases?
Ans: The diseases which are spread by air are called
airborne diseases. For example, Covid – 19
16. What are waterborne diseases?
Ans: When someone uses polluted water for drinking
or in food then waterborne diseases produce. For
example, Diarrhea, Typhoid.
17. What are animal – borne diseases?
Ans: Some animals transmit pathogens from one
human to another it is called animal – borne diseases.
For example Mosquito bites.
18. What are food – borne diseases? Explain
Ans: On eating contaminated food, the pathogens
enter in human body. It is called food – borne disease.
For example, Typhoid, Cholera etc.
19. What do you know about transmission of
diseases through direct contact?
Ans: Some diseases are transmitted by shaking hands
or by touching articles. For example Covid – 19 and
flu etc.
20. Write use of bacteria.
Ans: Bacteria are use in making youghurt.
21. Write use of Yeasts.
Ans: Yeast are used in making bread and cheese.
22. How we use microorganisms for the production
of Medicine?
Ans: Many microorganisms are used for making
medicine. Fungi and bacteria are used to make
antibiotics and they use to kill the growth of disease.
23. What is the role of microorganisms in cleaning
of environment?
Ans: Bacteria can be used to decompose toxic
materials present in sewage.