2014 Fifth International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Engineering Applications
Discussion of Society Fire-fighting Safety Management Internet of Things
Technology System
WANG Jun, ZHANG Di, LIU Meng, XU Fang, SUI Hu-lin, YANG Shu-feng
Shenyang Fire Research Institute, Shenyang, 110034, China
Wjun800@163.com
Abstract—IOT is regarded as another information industry
wave following computer, Internet and mobile communication
network, and has become one of strategic dominant positions
of new economic and technological development all over the
world. The society fire-fighting safety management is an
important application field of Internet of Things (IOT)
technology. This paper combines application features of IOT
technology according to fire-fighting business requirement to
discuss the fire-fighting IOT systematic frame, plan society
fire-fighting safety management IOT technology system, and
propose priority development points of society fire-fighting
safety management IOT technology, thereby providing
reference for technology research and development of IOT
technology in society fire-fighting safety management field.
Keywords- IOT; Fire-fighting Safety Technology System;
I. INTRODUCTION
IOT ‘12th Five Year’ Plan clearly states the strategies of
‘focusing on supporting application of IOT in the fields such
as public safety, medical health, intelligent home and so on,
exerting advantages of IOT technology, enhancing people's
quality of life as well as social and public management level,
and promoting application innovation to the livelihood
service sector.
Causal factors are significantly increased with the rapid
development of Chinese economy and society at present.
Fire risk as well as prevention and control difficulty are
increased accordingly. Fire-fighting work situation is still
grim. Leaders in Ministry of Public Security repeatedly
pointed out that we should promote combat force of fire-
fighting by technology. They emphasizes to constantly
improve the science and technology level of resisting fire
disasters while being very concerned about the application of
new technologies in fire-fighting field such as IOT. IOT, as a
new technology, is very suitable for the fire-fighting field
with wide involved scope, many product categories and
quantities, complex fire danger factors, excessive equipment
categories and various complex business information,
because IOT has high degree of intelligence, high scalability,
high resource sharing capabilities and other characteristics.
IOT technology is combined with fire-fighting business
work demand. It can play an important role in the aspects of
fire alarm, fire control facility monitoring, fire equipment
management, hazard source monitoring, fire monitoring,
fire-fighting rescue and so on. Also fire early warning, early
prevention and early disposal can be realized. Fire
prevention and control capabilities of social unit and fire
brigade firefighting and emergency rescue capabilities can
978-1-4799-4261-9/14 $31.00 © 2014 IEEE
DOI 10.1109/ISDEA.2014.101
be effectively enhanced. Thereby overall level of fire safety
management in China can be enhanced.
II. CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE-FIGHTING IOT SYSTEMATIC
FRAME
IOT refers to a network of comprehensively linking
things through sensors and communication equipment,
including linking among things and linking between people
and things. RFID (radio frequency identification), wireless
sensing, Pervasive computing, cloud computing and other
technologies are integrated to realize intelligent real-time
management and control. IOT technology has been applied
in the field of fire-fighting with different scale. However, the
development of IOT technology in fire-fighting field is not
balanced as a whole. Comprehensive integrated service
capability is not strong, the system application level is low,
there are fewer large-scale applications, and the system
framework and technology system still should be further
unified and improved. Therefore, the fire-fighting IOT
systematic frame should be planed according to the
requirement of fire prevention and control, firefighting,
emergency rescue and so on.
This paper presents fire-fighting IOT systematic frame
according to the technical characteristics of IOT and fire-
fighting needs, as Fig.1. Fire-fighting IOT systematic frame
adopts layered structure, including sensing layer, transport
layer, service layer and application layer.
(1) The sensing layer is mainly used for completing
collection of object information. Sensors, intelligent video,
RFID and other technologies are applied for real-time
information collection of various objects involved in fire-
fighting safety management, such as people, events,
environments, materials, fire-fighting products, fire-fighting
facilities, fire-fighting equipment and so on. The collected
information should be fused layer by layer, so synergy
sensing and synergy control can be realized.
(2) The transport layer is used to realize transmission of
some kinds of sensor information. Appropriate transmission
and access methods are selected depending on different
business needs, such as communication special network,
Internet, LAN, mobile communication network, police
special network, field bus, etc. to achieve information
transmission and data exchange between perception object
and system platform.
(3) The service layer is used to realize data storage,
heterogeneous integration, unified interface, unified codec,
data mining, and visualization services for different
information resources. Management of network equipment,
information conversion, device information and business
information integration can be realized in the service layer,
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so an efficient and reliable support technology platform for
service management and fire-fighting safety application
should be established.
(4) The application layer is used for sharing integration,
intelligent analysis and process control based on the fire-
fighting IOT information. It can provide application services
for family, social units, fire brigade, government institutions,
intermediaries, manufacturers, service providers and so on,
thereby supporting related fire-fighting business work.
Fire-fighting IOT application services includes five
systems, such as fire-fighting product identification system,
fire-fighting facility monitoring system, hazard source
monitoring and warning systems, fire-fighting equipment
and material monitoring system and emergency field
management and control system.
(1) The fire-fighting product identification system
includes fire-fighting product identification codes, resolution,
management and so on. The system can play an important
role in fire-fighting product supervision and management
work, and further improve the quality of fire-fighting
products, establish good fire-fighting product market order,
prevent production and circulation of counterfeit fire-
fighting products, and promoting standardized construction
of fire-fighting product supervision and law enforcement.
Meanwhile, technical support can be provided for
maintenance of fire-fighting products, quality tracking,
performance evaluation and management of fire-fighting
equipment.
q p
Figure 1. Fire-fighting IOT Systematic frame
(2) Fire-fighting facility monitoring system includes
fire-fighting facility state perception, fire disaster early
warning, household fire alarm, remote network transmission,
video surveillance access and transmission, remote
monitoring information platform of fire-fighting facilities,
fire-fighting facility availability assessment and diagnostic
analysis, fire-fighting facility maintenance and inspection
information management, fire control supervision,
emergency field information services and so on. The system
can ensure function of fire-fighting facilities, extend fire-
fighting supervision vision, improve the operation intactness
of fire-fighting facilities, timely discover and eliminate fire
hazards, and strengthen emergency field information support,
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provide technical support for fire disaster early warning,
early prevention and early disposal.
(3) Hazard source monitoring and warning system
includes hazard source status monitoring, hazard source
environmental monitoring, safety hazard inspection and
monitoring, hazard source logistics trajectory control, hazard
source warning judgement, project construction site hazard
source monitoring, hazard source emergency treatment plan,
emergency response linkage platform and so on. The system
can predict hazard source potential risks, and can prevent
fires, explosions, toxic leaks and other serious accidents
caused by hazard source, and providing solid foundation for
timely and effective emergency rescue after occurrence of
accidents.
(4) Fire-fighting equipment and material monitoring
system includes intelligent deployment and monitoring of
fire-fighting equipment, intelligent management of fire-
fighting equipment emergency repository, fire-fighting
equipment deployment and monitoring, fire-fighting
equipment data analysis, national fire-fighting equipment
support system and so on. The system can improve
informatization, intelligence and automation level of fire-
fighting equipment and materials management, and can
enhance co-ordination management ability and resource
integration sharing of fire-fighting equipment and materials,
accelerating fire-fighting equipment management
modernization construction, and further can enhance the core
fighting
g g force of ppublic security
y fire brigade.
g
Figure 2. Society Fire-fighting Safety Management IOT Technology
System
(5) The emergency field management and control system
includes on-site monitoring of environmental parameters,
fire-fighters personnel positioning and sensing, fire vehicle
dynamic monitoring, on-site fire-fighting equipment and
material supervision, on-site fire spread trend forecasting,
fire-fighting force situation management, emergency
evacuation personnel location perception and so on. The
system can improve the emergency field information sharing
of fire brigade, disaster judgement, emergency field situation
control, police dispatch, command and decision-making as
well as other capabilities, and can provide information and
technology support for creating modern public security fire
fighting strong army.
III. PLANNING OF SOCIETY FIRE-FIGHTING SAFETY
MANAGEMENT IOT TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM
Society fire-fighting safety management IOT is an
important part of application layer in fire-fighting IOT as
shown in Figure 1. Society fire-fighting safety management
IOT technology system includes fire-fighting product
identification, fire-fighting facility management as well as
hazard source monitoring and warming. China State Council
‘Suggestions on Strengthening and Improving the Work of
Fire-Fighting’ proposes a series of concrete requirements
about strengthening society fire-fighting safety management
such as ‘strengthening fire-fighting safety source
management and control, strengthening potential fire
investigation and remediation, strictly controlling fire-
fighting safety management of units with high risk of fire’
and so on, which highlight the importance of society fire-
fighting safety management in strengthening and improving
fire-fighting work. Therefore, it is currently urgent for
promoting fire-fighting IOT construction to carry out fire-
fighting safety management IOT technology research and
application. Society fire-fighting safety management IOT
technology system is further improved around fire-fighting
work business needs on the basis of preliminary study work
through sorting out and integrating IOT technology applied
in the fire-fighting field, as shown in Figure 2. Wherein, the
identification of fire-fighting products can provide product
attribute management technical support for fire-fighting
facility management. Fire-fighting facility management
technology research and application also can provide
technical consultation and reference for developing hazard
source monitoring technology.
IV. PRIORITY DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY OF
SOCIETY FIRE-FIGHTING SAFETY MANAGEMENT IOT
A. Fire-fighting facility state perception new technology
Building fire-fighting facility not only includes fire
automatic alarm systems, fire-fighting linkage control
system and other automatic fire-fighting facilities, but also
includes a large amount of non-electric fire-fighting facilities
such as fire doors, fire hydrants, fire extinguishers, fire hose,
and escape equipment and so on. The fire-fighting facility
state perception methods can be improved, and the fire-
fighting monitoring range can be expanded through applying
sensing new technology.
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B. Fire-fighting Facility Interface Communication Data
Protocol Analysis Technology
China automatic fire-fighting facility data output
interfaces and communication protocols are not unified and
standardized, resulting in extremely difficulty for interface
communication. Meanwhile, because there are so many fire-
fighting linkage facility manufacturers, so many product
models, and so many data protocol, a lot of fire-fighting
facilitie operation information cannot be accurately obtained.
The following technology should be researched aiming at the
technology bottleneck problem which seriously restricting
development of society fire-fighting safety IOT:
(1) Fire-fighting facility interface communication data
protocol analysis technology should be optimized, and the
units should focus on solving the applicability and usability
problem of interface communication software.
(2) Establishing fire-fighting facility interface
communication protocol libraries, providing technology
support for fire-fighting facility interface communication
protocol analysis and networking in all places, reducing
system construction difficulty, and promoting system
development.
(3) Fire-fighting facility interface communication
standard should be standardized, thereby accelerating the
formulation of data output communication protocol
standards of building fire-fighting facilities such as fire
automatic alarm systems and so on.
C. Video Monitoring Information Access and Transfer
Technology
(1) The fire-fighting control room audio and audio
remote monitoring platform should be established, thereby
realizing video and audio remote monitoring on personnel on
duty in the social unit fire-fighting control room, monitoring
the post duty condition of personnel on duty in real time, and
strengthening regulatory means of fire-fighting departments.
(2) Remote transfer technology research of video
monitoring information in social units should be carried out.
Remote inspection and fire hazard investigation on fire-
fighting safety key parts can be realized by relying on
existing video monitoring systems of social units on the
basis of authentication and authorization as well as interface
compatible performance, thereby further improving the fire-
fighting safety management and fire hazard investigation
capabilities of social units.
D. Fire-fighting Facility Inspection Maintenance
Information Management
Fire-fighting facility inspection and maintenance
information management technology study should be
conducted. Fire-fighting facility inspection maintenance
information management platform should be established for
standardizing failure acceptance, maintenance management,
inspection check and other information flow, thereby
promoting to improve management level and work
efficiency of fire-fighting facility maintenance enterprise,
ensuring intact and effective fire-fighting facilities, giving
full play to the role of fire-fighting facilities, and improving
the ability of social units to organize initial fire fighting.
E. Fire-fighting Duty Personnel Safety Inspection Process
Tracking Technology
RFID technology is utilized for dynamic perception and
process tracking on fire-fighting key part inspection, fire-
fighting facility state inspection and other links of fire-
fighting personnel on duty, thereby timely discovering post
missing and inspection missing phenomena, and
strengthening the supervision and management efforts of
fire-fighting supervision and management departments on
fire fighting safety management supervision and
management effort of social units. The ability of social units
in the aspect of self- investigation of fire hazards can be
further improved.
F. Emergency field Auxiliary Information Supporting
technology
Information support technology research of emergency
field during initial period of fire can be developed through
information extraction and data sharing of society fire-
fighting safety IOT, mainly including the follows:
(1) Fire-fighting facility status information supporting
technology; society fire-fighting safety management IOT can
provide detailed and accurate status of building fire fighting
facility and fire fighting public facilities as well as fire
burning time, the fire trend development process and other
dynamic information for emergency actions, and can provide
information support for rapid and effective disposal after the
fire-fighting rescue forces arrive.
(2) Fire site video linkage information supporting
technology; The fire site video surveillance system area
linkage transfer can be achieved in accordance with the
principle of adjacent proximity, thereby the fire-fighting
rescue forces can timely, accurately and intuitively grasp the
fire site situation and conduct disaster pre-judgment and
analysis on the way to the site, thereby effectively enhancing
the fire-fighting and rescue operational effectiveness.
G. Accelerating the Construction of Fire-fighting IOT
Standard System
Fire-fighting IOT standard system should be gradually
improved in accordance with the principles of overall
planning, labor division, focused protection and first action
for urgent condition. Domestic and foreign related standards
in the fields of sensing technology, network communications,
application services, safety guarantee and other fields should
be sorted out comprehensively. Overall layout and top-level
design should be conducted well, thereby accelerating the
construction of the fire-fighting IOT standard system
framework with clear layers, and making clear the urgent
standards and key standards of fire-fighting IOT
development.
V. APPLICATION PROSPECT OF FIRE-FIGHTING IOT
TECHNOLOGY
Social fire-fighting safety management IOT application
technology platform should be established through
promotion and application of IOT technology in society fire-
fighting safety management field, thereby improving the
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dynamic regulatory capacity of fire-fighting facilities,
expanding the fire-fighting supervision range, and providing
auxiliary information support for fire-fighting rescue. Fire-
fighting IOT standard system construction can be
accelerated, and nationwide IOT platform can be constructed
by actively carrying out system integration and information
sharing of fire-fighting remote monitoring system. The IOT
technology can be widely applied in the society fire-fighting
safety management field, can comprehensively improve the
society fire-fighting safety management work level, can
accelerate conversion from traditional fire-fighting to
modern fire-fighting, can comprehensively promote fire-
fighting work and army construction development, can make
full efforts to maintain fire-fighting safety , can ensure that
fire-fighting work and army construction are adapted to
China's modernization process, can improve the level of
serving economic and social development, and can
effectively protect people's lives and property safety.
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