300H Weld Metal

Graham Holloway Metrode Products Ltd UK

Introduction 300H alloys not difficult to weld. Control of consumable composition. Consumable selection.

Jakarta, Indonesia 28th November 2006

Cat cracker installation

Introduction Alloys to be covered. Effect of alloying elements. Data from Metrode and other published sources.

Regenerator vessel & cyclones

Weld metals
308H 347H
AWS 308H, BS EN 19 9 H AWS 347, BS EN 19 9 Nb AWS 16.8.2 BS 17.8.2 AWS 316H, BS EN 19 12 3 H

16.8.2 17.8.2 316H

Weld metal control

Carbon - C Ferrite - FN Chromium - Cr Bismuth - Bi Molybdenum - Mo Boron - B Niobium - Nb

Carbon

> 0.04% < 0.10%

Stress rupture data

100 Rupture Stress, ksi
316L+ER316L 316H+ER316H 316H BM

Rupture elongation
100

Rupture elongation, %

10
316H+ER316H 316L+ER316L

10 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Larson Miller Parameter

1 10 100 1000 10000 100000

Time to rupture, hours

Sigma
10 hours 1. 308H 2. 308L

Ferrite

> 1FN < 8FN

Ferrite Code requirements. Required to prevent hot cracking. Need to restrict to control embrittlement.

Ferrite API 582:

3-11FN. 5FN minimum for 347. 9FN max for FCAW >550C.

ASME:
ASME III requires 5-15FN. 53-10FN >427C. No restriction for 16.8.2.

Ferrite and microfissuring

308H toughness after ageing

125 100 75 50 25 0 0 5 Ferrite, FN 10 15

Ageing of 308H
140 120 Impact Energy, J 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 2500 5000 7500 10000 Ageing Time (593C), hours

Impact energy, J

Chromium

2FN 4FN 9FN 15FN

> 14.5% < 21.0%

Ageing of 308H
120 Impact Energy, J 100 80 60 40 20 0 1
18.4%Cr 18.9%Cr 19.5%Cr

Bismuth

< 20ppm

10

100

1000

Ageing Time (730C), hours

Bismuth Applicable to FCAW. Not good for high temperature service. OK for L grade wires.

Bismuth hot tensile properties 308

Cracking tests on 308H wires

Reheat cracking tests at 500-775C [Okazaki et al, 2000]
950
Cracked Not cracked

Bismuth
FCC components operating at 680680750C exhibited cracks. It has been shown that bismuth has a detrimental effect on:
Hot tensile and stress rupture ductility above about 650C. Restrained cracking susceptibility at temperatures down to 550C.

Bi = 200ppm
Cracked

850
Temperature (C)

750 650 550 450

Not cracked

1 0

2 1

3 10

4 100

Holding time (h)

Cracking is believed to result from bismuth or bismuth oxide films forming at grain boundaries.

Bismuth API 582:

> 550C. 550C. 20 ppm maximum.

Molybdenum

Japanese specifications:
10 ppm maximum.

16-8-2; 17.8.2 & 316H 16> 1.0% < 3.0%

Molybdenum High:
Will promote embrittlement. Catastrophic oxidation.

Stress rupture elongation

100

Rupture elongation, %

10

308H 316H

None:
Lower rupture ductility. Effect on corrosion.

1 10 100 1000 10000 Time to rupture, hours 100000

Boron

Rupture ductility
100
Rupture reduction of area, %

~ 25ppm

10

308H SC308H

1 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Larson Miller Parameter

Niobium

Weld metal hot tensile data

400 0.2% Proof Stress, MPa 300 200 100 0 600
308H 347H 16.8.2 316H

347 and 318 > 8 x Carbon < 1.0%

650

700

750

800

850

Temperature, oC

Stress rupture data

100 Rupture Stress, ksi

816oC

40

80

347H

Hot tensile ductility

10
308H 347H 347H BM 304H BM

16-8-2 & 316H

1 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Larson Miller Parameter

308H
0 20 20 40 60 60 80

Stress rupture elongation

100

Catalyst support grid

Rupture elongation, %

10

316H 318H

1 10 100 1000 10000 Time to rupture, hours 100000

Summary Many elements affect high temperature properties. Experience is required to make welding consumables. Strongest not necessarily best. Take all factors into account.

300H Weld Metal

Graham Holloway
In Conjunction With: PT Alfa Metalindo Indonesia IWS Komunitas MIGAS Indonesia