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Muscles in the Anterior Original Author(s): Oliver Jones

Compartment of the Leg !!!!!

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Last updated: January 7, 2023
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CompartmentLOG of the
IN Leg
The muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg are a group of four
muscles that act to dorsiflex and invert the foot.
Question 1 of 3

These muscles are collectively innervated by the deep fibular nerve (L4-
S1). The arterial supply is through the anterior tibial artery. Below is an illustration of the
tendons of the anterolateral
In this article, we shall look at the anatomy of the anterior leg muscles – foot. Which structure has
their attachments, actions and clinical correlations. been highlighted in red?

Tibialis Anterior
The tibialis anterior muscle is located alongside the lateral surface of
the tibia. It is the strongest dorsiflexor of the foot.
Extensor hallucis longus
Attachments: Originates from the lateral surface of the tibia and
attaches to the medial cuneiform and the base of metatarsal I.
Extensor digitorum longus
Actions: Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot.

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve. Tibialis anterior

Fibularis tertius

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Anterior

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Extensor Digitorum Longus

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The extensor digitorum longus lies laterally and deep to the tibialis
anterior. Its four tendons can be palpated on the dorsal surface of the
foot.

Attachments:
Originates from the lateral condyle of the tibia and the medial surface
of the fibula.

The fibres converge into a tendon, which travels onto the dorsal
surface of the foot.

The tendon splits into four and each tendon inserts onto a toe.

Actions: Extension of the lateral four toes, and dorsiflexion of the foot.

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve.

Extensor Hallucis Longus

The extensor hallucis longus is positioned deep to tibialis anterior and
extensor digitorum longus. Its tendon emerges from between the two
muscles to insert onto the big toe.

Attachments: Originates from the medial surface of the fibular shaft.

The tendon crosses anterior to the ankle joint and attaches to the base
of the distal phalanx of the great toe.

Action: Extension of the great toe and dorsiflexion of the foot.

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve.

© By TeachMeSeries Ltd (2023)

-Fibularislongus
Fibularisbrevis
Extensordigitorumlongus
Extensorhallucislongus
ITibialisanterior
Lateral
malleolus

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The#1AppliedHumanAnatomySiteontheWeb.

Fig 2 – Lateral view of the tendons of the foot.

Fibularis Tertius
The fibularis tertius muscle is thought to arise from the most distal part
of the extensor digitorum longus. It is not present in all individuals.

Attachments: Originates with the extensor digitorum longus from the

medial surface of the fibula. Its tendon descends onto the dorsal
surface of the foot and attaches to the fifth metatarsal.

Actions: Eversion and dorsiflexion of the foot.

Innervation: Deep fibular nerve.

+
Clinical Relevance: Footdrop
Footdrop is a clinical sign that refers to an inability to dorsiflex
the foot at the ankle joint – resulting in the foot “dropping”
under the influence of gravity.

It indicates paralysis or weakness of the muscles in the

anterior compartment of the leg, and typically occurs as a
consequence of damage to the common fibular nerve (from
which the deep fibular nerve arises)

The inability to dorsiflex the foot can interfere with walking –

as the a!ected foot drags along the ground. To circumvent this,
the patient can flick the foot outwards while walking – known
as an ‘eversion flick‘.

Fig 3 – Left footdrop. This can occur following common fibular or deep fibular nerve
palsy.

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