03 - Additives For Construction Systems

Additives for construction systems
DIGITAL LEARNING – MODULUS 03

May 2019
Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation

Typical applications
OVERVIEW AND APPLICATIONS
• Plasters, Renderings and Stucco • Screeds and Underlayments

Lime cement plaster Self levelling flooring compounds
EIFS plaster and adhesive Cementitious, gypsum anhydrate, epoxy and
Emulsion plasters/synthetic stucco polyurethane screeds
Skim coats • Bitumen and Asphalt systems
Gypsum plasters Roofing, road, flooring and water proofing systems
Mortars • Tile mortars and adhesives
• Joint fillers Emulsion and cementitious tile adhesives and
Plasterboard jointing compounds grouts
Gypsum, latex and cement pointing • Building adhesives and sealants

compounds Cement based building adhesives
Joint sealants
Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 2

Product overview

Product overview
CLAYS FOR CONSTRUCTION APPLICATIONS
Spray dried Hectorite Natural occuring Hectorite

• BENTONE® EW - Beneficiated hectorite for easy • BENTONE® OC - Natural, unrefined
wetting hectorite for
• BENTONE® GS - Refined hectorite for construction
construction applications • BENTONE® CT - Natural, unrefined
• for suspension hectorite, white
• BENTONE® LT - Modified hectorite for latex paints Other clay sources
• BENAQUA® 4000 - Highly modified hectorite for • BENTONE® DY-CE - Modified clay for
superior low shear thickening and textured suspension, stability&body
systems • BENTONE® WBS - Bentonite clay for low
cost systems

Product overview
RHEOLOGY MODIFIERS FOR CONSTRUCTION APPLICATIONS
ASE/HASE NiSAT
• RHEOLATE® 185 – Shear thinning HASE • RHEOLATE ® FX 1010 - Pseudoplastic
thickener NiSAT grade for pasty systems
• RHEOLATE® 1 – ASE based thickener • RHEOLATE ® FX 1080 - Pseudoplastic
• RHEOLATE® 125 – Shear thinning ASE NiSAT grade for pasty systems, low VOC
• RHEOLATE ® FX 1070 - Newtonian NiSAT
grade for pasty systems, low VOC
• RHEOLATE ® FX 1100 – Powdered,
pseudoplastic NiSAT grade for grouts
• RHEOLATE ® 208 – Powdered, Newtonian
NiSAT grade
NiSAT is an abbreviation for „NonIonic Synthetic Associative Thickener“; HASE is an abbreviation for „Hydrophobically modified Alkali Swellable Emulsion“; ASE is an abbreviation
for „Alkali Swellable Emulsion“

Product overview
ADDITIVES FOR CONSTRUCTION APPLICATIONS
Wetting & dispersing agents Defoamers

• NUOSPERSE® FX 504 – Ammonium polyacrylate • DAPRO ® DF 17 – Mineral oil based; for
for inorganic pigment; non-glossy systems (FX non-glossy systems
540 higher concentrated; only in some areas) • DAPRO ® DF 21 – Mineral oil based, with
• NUOSPERSE® FX 605 – Sodium polyacrylate for additional silicone modifications; low-shear
inorganic pigment; non-glossy systems requirements, for glossy and even clear
• NUOSPERSE® FX 600 – Polymeric dispersant; systems
for inorganic and organic pigments • DAPRO ® DF 52 – Polymeric; Mineral oil and
• NUOSPERSE® FA 196 – Phosphate ester for silicone free; low-shear requirements, for
aqueous and non-aqueous ssytems; excellent glossy and even clear systems
compatibilizer

Description test
methods

Overview test methods
• Product properties and shear rate
• Viscosity and rheology
• Sag and slump resistance
• Workability on vertical wall - Trowelability
• Water retention
• Storage stability (of pasty systems)
• Open time

Flow table value
CONSISTENCY OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
• Measurement of viscosity of construction materials

• Should be 16.5 ± 0.5 cm (in accordance with DIN 18555)

Sag and slump resistance
STABILITY ON VERTICAL WALLS
• Apply with a wedge and store vertically
• Layer thickness w/o sag is a measurement for slump resistance

Water retention
FILTER PLATE METHOD IN ACCORDANCE WITH DIN 18155, PART 7
• Content of water in per cent remaining in the system after capilliary absorption
• Can vary between 90% (e.g. mortars) and 99% (e.g. renderings)
• Test performed in accordance with DIN-EN 413-1

Sag of tiles
TILE MORTAR TESTING IN ACCORDANCE WITH EN 1308
• Sag of earthenware tile after application on concrete slab
• Should be as low as possible
• Elementis modified method to enhance weight per area

Workability
BEHAVIOUR UP ON TROWEL APPLICATION
• To apply with trowel on vertical wall
• Stickiness, surface quality and general application properties are judged

Open time
TILE ADHESIVE TESTING IN ACCORDANCE WITH DIN 18156, PART 2
• After application with serrated trowel on concrete slab

• The open time recorded was the time period when 50% of the tile
adhesive stuck on the back

Strength testing
PULL-OFF TESTING OF TILE MORTARS WITH THE TENSILE STRENGTH TESTER
Tests to be performed in accordance with EN 1348

Overview
• Lime-cement rendering
• Gypsum based rendering
• Emulsion based rendering
• Gypsum flooring
• Thinset tile adhesive (latex modified)
• Thermal insulation adhesive (EIFS)
• Pasty sealing system (bituminous emulsion 2K)
• Solventborne bituminous sealing system

BENTONE® OC – Lime cement
renderings
TECHNICAL OVERVIEW

Lime-cement rendering
• BENTONE® OC to improve surface

quality and slip
• BENTONE® OC to reduce stickiness
• No partial replacement of cellulose ether
with BENTONE® OC
• Base and finishing rendering

• Processing by machine and by hand
• Cellulose ether for consistency and water
retention

PERFORMANCE OVERVIEW
Flow table Water Sag* Yield point Workability

value retention resistance
[cm] [%] [mm] [Pa]
0.12% Cellulose ether 16.6 98.5 13 427 high resistance; very
sticky
0.09% Cellulose ether 18.2 92.8 -- -- very weak; no sag
0.20% BENTONE® OC control
0.12% Cellulose ether 16.6 98.9 20 563 very easy to apply;
0.20% BENTONE® OC slightly sticky
0.12% Cellulose ether 16.6 98.8 21 500 easy to apply; slightly
0.20% Competitor sticky
* Result indicates the maximum applicable layer thickness, therefore the higher the number the better the
performance

PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CELLULOSE ETHER BY HECTORITE
CONSISTENCY WATER RETENTION
20 100
98.9 98.5
Water retention [%]

Flow table value [cm]
95
18 18.2
92.8
90
16.6 16.6
16
85
BENTONE® OC does not affect the systems consistency BENTONE® OC does not affect the systems water
when added on top of the original cellulose ether quantity. retention. However, it can not replace cellulose ether.
14 80
0.12% CE & 0.20% 0.09% CE & 0.20% 0.12% CE 0.12% CE & 0.20% 0.09% CE & 0.20% 0.12% CE
BENTONE® OC BENTONE® OC BENTONE® OC BENTONE® OC
Flow table value tested using Haegermann desk in accordance with DIN 18155, Part 2, the shorter the bar, the better the performance; Water retention was tested using the filter plate
method in accordance with DIN 18155, Part 7, the longer the bar, the better the performance; Ce is an abbreviation for cellulose ether

YIELD POINT – TANGENT-CROSSOVER METHOD VS SAG STABILITY
1000
Blank Yield point
600
Blank (reg.) The addition of BENTONE® OC
Yield point [Pa]

550 563
0.2% BENTONE® OC results In increasing yield points.
500
0.2% BENTONE® OC (reg.)
100 450
Strain [%]
427
400
Maximum layer thickness

22
Sag as of [mm]
20
10 18
20
427 Pa
563 Pa
16
14
12 13
10
1
100 Shear stress [Pa] 1000
Rheological data determined using the Anton-Paar MCR 300 rheometer, measuring geometry BMS 2 (ball measuring system), at a temperature of 23°C; all samples contained
0.12% cellulose ether; Maximum applicable layer thickness by wedge blade, the larger the bar the better the result

IMPROVED SURFACE QUALITY AFTER TROWEL APPLICATION
0.12% Cellulose ether

0.20% BENTONE® OC
0.12% Cellulose ether
Surface appearance after application using one trowel pass

ROTATIONAL VISCOSITY VS WORKABILITY
10000
Shear rate = 0.1s-1 Shear rate = 100 s-1 Consistency
18
Flow table [cm]

0.2% BENTONE® OC 16 16.6 16.6
1000 Blank 14 0.12% Cellulose ether

Viscosity [Pas]
12 0.12% Cellulose ether

0.20% BENTONE® OC
10
100
Shear stress at 100 s-1 Workability
570 6
6
Shear stress [Pa]
Improving properties
560 5
559 4
550
10 3
540
539 2
2
530 1
Shear stress at high shear rates
give indication on workability 520 0
1
0 1 2
Time [min]
Rheological data determined using the Anton-Paar MCR 300 rheometer, measuring geometry CC 37 construction, at a temperature of 23°C; All samples contain 0.12% cellulose
ether, Flow table value tested using Haegermann desk in accordance with DIN 18155, Part 2; The application behaviour was judged subjectively

SLIDE EFFECT OF HECTORITE CLAY
can result in
improved
pumpability

BENTONE® OC in gypsum based
renderings
TECHNICAL OVERVIEW

Gypsum based rendering
FLOW TABLE VALUE - CONSISTENCY
18
Increasing viscosity/consistency
17
16.7 16.7
16.6
16
15
14
0.1% BENTONE® OC 0.2% BENTONE® OC Standard
Flow table value tested using Haegermann desk in accordance with DIN 18155, Part 2; Standard contains 0.3% cellulose ether

EASE OF APPLICATION
6
6 excellent
5
5
4
Workability
3
3
2
The workability is improving with
increasing clay concentration.
1
poor
0
The application behaviour was judged subjectively; Standard contains 0.3% cellulose ether

ONSET OF STIFFENING AND WATER RETENTION
100 40
99 99.3 35
Water retention [%]
99.2 99.3
Onset of stiffening [min]

98 30
27
97 26.0 26 25
BENTONE® OC does neither affect the

96 water retention nor the stiffening time. 20
95 15
Water retention was tested using the filter plate method in accordance with DIN 18155, Part 7; Onset of stiffening was measured; spreading the material on a glass plate;
Standard contains 0.3% cellulose ether

Hectorite clay in emulsion based
renderings

Emulsion based putty
• Optimization of workability
• Reduction of stickined
• Enhancement of slip
• Improvement surface quality
• Reduction of stickiness
• Improvement of sag stability
• High quality finishing system for interiour and exteriour us

• Processing by machine (spray) and by hand

Emulsion based rendering
FORMULATION AND FLOW PROVIDED
CONCENTRATION FLOW CHARACTERISTICS
0.7 1200
Blank
0.6 1000 0.21% ref. Hectorite
0.37% Clay
0.37% unref. Hectorite
Concentration [%]
0.5
800
0.21% Clay
Viscosity [Pas]
0.4
600
0.4% CE
0.3
0.3% CE
0.3% CE
400
0.2
0.1 200
0 0
Blank refined Hectorite unrefined 0.1 1 10 100
Hectorite Shear rate [s-1]
Concentration required to achieve a flow table value of 16.5 ± 0.5 cm in accordance with DIN 18555, Part 2, by Haegermann desk; CE is an abbreviation for cellulose ether;
Rheological data determined using the Anton-Paar MCR 301 rheometer, measuring geometry CC 37 construction, at a temperature of 23°C

OSCILLATORY EVALUATION OF WORKABILITY
2.0
Tan delta under stress
Strain = 0.1% Strain = 0.1%
tan delta < 1 = G` > G“ tan delta > 1 = G“ > G`

2.0
incr. fluid character

Ш = 10 rad/s Ш = 10 rad/s
Damping factor
1.8
1.6 1.68 1.66
1.5 Blank 1.55
1.4
ref. Hectorite
Damping factor/tan delta
1.2
unref. Hectorite
fluid character dominates 1.0
1.0
elastic character dominates Tooling/Workability
Excellent
Strain = 50%
Ш = 10 rad/s
0.5
Poor
0.0
0 1 2 3
Time [min]
Rheology data determined using the Anton-Paar MCR 301 rheometer, equipped with measuring geometry PP 25 at a gap width of 1.5 mm at a temperature of 23°C; test
performed as Oscillation/Oscillation/Oscillation; Tan delta values extracted at high stress to evaluate the pumpability; workability judjed subjectively; Blank samples contains 0.4%
CE, in case of all clay modified adhesives the CE content has been reduced by 25´% to 0.3%

OSCILLATORY EVALUATION OF SAG STABILITY
2.0
Tan delta after stress
Strain = 0.1% Strain = 0.1%
tan delta < 1 = G` > G“ tan delta > 1 = G“ > G`

0.5
incr. elastic character

Ш = 10 rad/s Ш = 10 rad/s
Damping factor
0.47
0.4
0.3
1.5 Blank
0.2 0.25 0.24
ref. Hectorite
0.1
unref. Hectorite
fluid character dominates 0.0
1.0
elastic character dominates
Sag resistance
9
Sag as of [mm]
Strain = 50%
Ш = 10 rad/s 8
8
0.5 7
7
6
5
5
0.0 4
0 1 2 3
Time [min]
Rheology data determined using the Anton-Paar MCR 301 rheometer, equipped with measuring geometry PP 25 at a gap width of 1.5 mm at a temperature of 23°C; test
performed as Oscillation/Oscillation/Oscillation; Tan delta values extracted at high stress to evaluate the pumpability; workability judjed subjectively; Blank samples contains 0.4%
CE, in case of all clay modified adhesives the CE content has been reduced by 25´% to 0.3%

BENTONE OC in gypsum based
flooring systems
TECHNICAL OVERVIEW

Gypsum based flooring
Use of BENTONE® OC results in

 optimized surface quality
 reduced bleeding
 no settling of coarse particles
Preferred in residential houses

 Improved heating-up rates when
using floor heating
 Excellent noise protection
Photo: Knauf Photo: Knauf

Flow table value Bleeding * Bottom Surface

[cm] deposition
[mm]
Blank 25.4 2.0 strong very rough
0.04% BENTONE® OC 25.8 0.4 little very smooth
0.06% Competitor 25.4 1.2 average smooth
* Result indicates the height of bleed water, therefore the smaller the number the better the performance

CONSISTENCY AND BLEEDING
30 2.5
All samples display almost identical consistency.
BENTONE® OC reduces bleeding most efficiently.
25
Flow table value/spread rate [cm]
25.4 25.8 2.0

2.0 25.4
Bleeding height [mm]

20
1.5
15
1.2
1.0
10
0.5
5
0.4
0 0.0
Blank 0.04% BENTONE® OC 0.06% Competitor
The consistency is measured using the Haegermann flow table equipment without shocking; Bleeding indicates the height of bleed water on top of the freshly applied flooring; the
smaller the number the better the performance; The blank does not contain rheology modifiers

IMPROVED STABILITY
0.04% BENTONE OC
0.06% Competitor
Blank
Blank
BENTONE® OC provides the best distribution of

sand particles in the floorings` matrix and the
smoothest surface after curing.
0.04% BENTONE OC

BENAQUA® 4000 – Application in
thinset tile mortars
TECHNICAL OVERVIEW

Thinset tile mortar
• Mainly for wall tile application

• Portland cement in combination
with 2-4% of latex powder as binder
• Latex powder enhances adhesion
and tensile bending strength as well
as flexibility
• BENAQUA® 4000 can partly
replace cellulose ether
• In accordance with the
requirements of C2T adhesive (DIN
EN 12004)
Photo: Evonik/Degussa Construction

Chemicals

Thinset tile mortar
OVERVIEW SAMPLES
rheological additves Description in

following charts2
Concentrations [%] Ratios1
Sample 1 0.40% Cellulose ether 100/0 Control
Sample 2 0.30% Cellulose ether 75 25%
0.10% BENAQUA® 4000 25
Sample 3 0.20% Cellulose ether 50 50%
0.20% BENAQUA® 4000 50
1 Ratio between cellulose ether/BENAQUA® 4000; 2 Percentage indicates the replacement rate with BENAQUA® 4000

Thinset tile mortar
Flow table Yield Sag* [mm] Open Workability
value point method time
[cm] [Pa] 1 2 [min]
Control 12.9 270 0 29 18 poor workability; very sticky
25% 12.8 321 0 15 15 acceptable workability; low
stickiness
50% 12.8 382 0 0 15 very good workability; low
stickiness
* Result indicates the sag of a tile or test specimen, therefore the smaller the number the better the performance

Thinset tile mortar
CONSISTENCY/SPREAD RATE
14
12.9 12.8 12.8

12
10
6 All samples show almost identical flow table values. The consistency does
not change with increasing replacement rates towards BENAQUA® 4000.
0
Control 25% 50%
BENAQUA 4000 replacement rate for CE
Flow table value tested using Haegermann desk in accordance with DIN 18155; CE = cellulose ether

Thinset tile mortar
FLOW POINT MEASUREMENTS – OSCILLATORY
2.0
tan delta < 1= G` > G“ tan delta > 1 = G“ > G`

dominating elasticity dominating fluid char.
1.8
1.6
Control
1.4 25%
1.2 50%
1.0
0.8
0.6 380 Pa
0.4 222 Pa
0.2 271 Pa
0.0
0 1 10 100 1000
Shear stress [Pa]
Rheological data determined using the Anton-Paar MCR 301 rheometer, measuring geometry PP 25, serrated spindle, at a temperature of 23°C; All samples contain 0.12%
cellulose ether

Thinset tile mortar
FLOW POINT IN COMPARISON TO THE SAG STABILITY OF TILES
30 400
29
Increasing yield point are resulting in strong 380
25 reduction of sag. Both properties are improving
with increasing BENAQUA® 4000 rates.
300
Sag of tile [mm]
20
Yield point [Pa]

271
15 222 200
15
No sag!
Control 25% 50%
10
Sag 100
Yield point
5
0
0 0
Control 25% 50%
Rheological data determined using the Anton-Paar MCR 300 rheometer, measuring geometry PP 25, temperature of 23°C; Sag tested using the tile slip method based on DIN EN
1308 (3 earthenware tiles bonded on top of each other to enhance weight related to area); Results indicate the sag of specimen, the smaller the value the better the performance

Thinset tile mortar
OPEN TIME
25
The open time decreases slightly with reducing cellulose ether quantities.
20
Flow point [Pa]
18
15
15
12
10
0
Control 25% 50%
Open time tested in accordance with DIN 18156, Part 2; application of the freshly prepared tile mortar with a serrated trowel on concrete slab; The open time recorded was the
time period when 50% of the tile adhesive stuck on the back

Thinset tile mortar
EASE OF APPLICATION
6
6 excellent
4
Workability
2
2
The application properties markedly improve with
increasing BENAQUA® 4000 concentrations.
poor
0
Control 25% 50%
The application behaviour was judged subjectively up on application of the freshly prepared tile adhesive on a concrete slab using a serrated trowel; the larger the bar the better
the performance

Thinset tile mortar
STRENGTH
1.5
1.22
Tensile strength [N/mm2]
1.14 1.15
1.0
0.5
All test samples are in line with the requirements for a C2T tile
mortar. BENAQUA® 4000 does not affect the tensile strength.
0.0
Control 25% 50%
Test system cementitious thinset tile adhesive in accordance with the requirements of a C2T mortar; Strength tests performed based on EN 1348 after 28 days storage under dry
conditions at room temperature (23°C) a minimum tensile strength of 1.0 N/mm2 is required to fullfill the requirements of a C2T mortar (DIN EN 12004)

Additives for cementitious EIFS
adhesive
TECHNICAL OVERVIEW

Thermal insulation adhesive - EIFS
Adhesive for expanded
polystyrene boards Portlandement and latex powder
are used as binder system
BENAQUA® 4000 and BENTONE® CT

can be used to optimze workability
and sag stability

Thermal insulation adhesive (EIFS)
Flow Yield Open Sag* Adhesion on Workability
table point time PS boards
value [Pa] [min] [mm]
[cm]
0.15% Cellulose ether 15.2 308 21-24 15 OK poor ; very sticky
0.10% Cellulose ether 15.2 334 21 21 OK very easy ; low
0.045% BENAQUA® 4000 stickiness
0.15% Cellulose ether 15.4 355 21-24 18 OK good; low stickiness
0.10% BENTONE® CT
* Result indicates the sag of a tile or test specimen, therefore the smaller the number the better the performance
EIFS is an abbreviation for Exteriour Insulation and Finishing System

LOADING LEVEL RHEOLOGICAL ADDITIVES / VISCOSITY BUILD
0.25
The use of BENAQUA® 4000 as partial replacement for CE; Resultes in

0.10%
a reduction of total additive concentration. BENTONE® CT needs to be
0.20 BENTONE®
added on top of the original CE content.
CT
Loading [%]
0.15
0.045%
BENAQUA®
4000
0.10
0.15% CE 0.15% CE
0.05 0.10% CE
0.00
Additve concentrations required to achieve a flow table value of 15 cm; the flow table value was measured using the Haegermann desk based on DIN 18555; CE is an
abbreviation for cellulose ether (standard mid-size methyl cellulose); EIFS is an abbreviation for Exteriour Insulation and Finishing System

SAG CONTROL
25
Both, BENAQUA® 4000 and BENTONE® CT
provide a significant increase of the sag resistance.
20 21
Sag stability [mm]
18
15
15
10
0
0.045% BENAQUA® 4000 & 0.1% 0.15% CE 0.10% BENTONE® CT & 0.15% CE
CE
Sag stability results indicate the maxium applicable layer thickness by wedge blade, the larger the bar the better the result CE is an abbreviation for cellulose ether (standard mid
range methyl cellulose)

YIELD POINT DETERMINED USING THE TANGENT CROSSOVER METHOD
360
BENAQUA® 4000 and BENTONE® CT provide a 355
Noticeable increase of the yield point
340
Yield point [Pa]
334
320
308
300
280
0.045% BENAQUA® 4000 & 0.1% 0.15% CE 0.10% BENTONE® CT & 0.15%
CE CE
Rheological data determined using the Anton-Paar MCR 300 rheometer, measuring geometry BM 15 (ball measuring system), at a emperature of 23°C; CE is an abbreviation for
cellulose ether (standard mid range methyl cellulose); the larger the bar the better the performance

OPEN TIME
25
22.5 22.5
Open time [min]
21.0
20
BENTONE® CT added on top of the original CE content does not affect the open time. The sample formulated
15 with a reduced CE Quantity show slightly reduced open time
10
0.045% BENAQUA® 4000 & 0.1% 0.15% CE 0.15% CE & 0.15% BENTONE®
CE CT
Open time of the EIFS mortar tested in accordance with DIN 18156, Part 2; the larger the bar the better the result CE is an abbreviation for cellulose ether (standard mid range
methyl cellulose)

VISCOSITY RECOVERY
10000
Shear rate = 0.1s-1 Shear rate = 100 s-1 Shear rate = 0.1s-1
1000
Viscosity [Pas]
0.045% BENAQUA® 4000&0.1% CE

100 0.15% CE
0.1% BENTONE® CT&0.15% CE
10
Shear stress at high shear rates
give inindivation on workability
1
0 1 2 3 4 5
Time [min]
Rheological data determined using the Anton-Paar MCR 300 rheometer, measuring geometry Z3 plaster, at a temperature of 23°C; CE is an abbreviation for cellulose ether
(standard mid range methyl cellulose)

SHEAR STRESS AT A SHEAR RATE OF 100 S-1
840
Shear stress at a shear rate of 100 s-1 [Pa]
800 813
Improved performance
760 767
720
680 688
The use of BENAQUA® 4000 and BENTONE® CT resulted
in a reduction of the shear stress at high shear rates
640
600
0.10% CE & 0.045% BENAQUA® 0.15% Cellulose ether (CE) 0.15% CE & 0.10% BENTONE®
4000 CT
Rheological data determined using the Anton-Paar MCR 300 rheometer, measuring geometry Z3 plaster, at a temperature of 23°C; Data extracted out of the recovery
measurement; All samples contain 0.12% cellulose ether; The smaller the bar the better the result; CE is an abbreviation for cellulose ether (standard mid range methyl cellulose)

APPLICATION PROPERTIES
6
6 excellent
The use of BENAQUA® 4000 and BENTONE® CT result in
significantly improved application properties. Specifically
Ease of application [mm]
BENAQUA® 4000 provides premium performance
4
4
2
2
0 poor
0.045% BENAQUA® 4000 & 0.1% 0.15% CE 0.15% CE & 0.15% BENTONE® CT
CE
The application behaviour was judged subjectively up on application on a vertical wall using a serrated trowel (0 = poor; 6 = excellent); CE is an abbreviation for cellulose ether
(standard mid range methyl cellulose)

BENTONE® clay based additives in
aqueous bituminous systems
TECHNICAL OVERVIEW

Aqueous bitumonous sealing system
To be used as 2k system with cement

(mixing on site before application)
Sealing system for roofs, walls, driveways,
etc
Slate flour used to enhance waterproofing
properties
BENTONE® OC to optimize sag stability,
workability and pumpability
RHEOLATE® 255 and RHEOLATE® 1 are
further options

BROOKFIELD VISCOSITY
35
BENTONE® OC shows slightly higher efficiency than the
30 competitive sepiolite. Both samples display good storage stability
Brookfiel viscosity at 10 rpm [Pas]
25 26.9
25.7
24.2
22.5
20
15
10
5
24h 4 weeks 24h 4 weeks
0
1.60% BENTONE® OC 1.70% Comp. sepiolite
Measured using the Brookfield RVT viscometer equipped with Spindle 6, at 10 rpm, at a temperature of 23°C; All samples were adjusted to a viscosity of approximately 23 Pas

SAG/SLUMP STABILITY
Blank
Blank BENTONE®OC
BENTONE® GS
The sag/slump was measured using the rheoliner (4 mm gap); The length of the runners were determined after the application; the shorter the runner the better the performence

BENTONE organoclays for solvent
borne bituminous systems
TECHNICAL OVERVIEW

Solventborne bitumonous sealing system
• Sealing system for roofs, walls,
driveways, etc.
• Slate flour used as extender to
enhance waterproofing properties
• BENTONE® 34 and BENTONE® SD-1
to optimize sag stability, workability Foto: Fosroc
and pumpability
• Consider BENTONE® 30 and
BENTONE® 54 as possible
alternatives

Solventborne bituminous sealing system
TEST FORMULATION
Compound Concentration Preparation

[%]
Bitumen base (62.8% solid) 63.69 • Samples were prepared
using a lab dissolver
Ardonit Slate dust, max 90 µm 30.00 • Organoclays was
Rheological additive X introduced as pregels in
white spirit K 30
White spirit K 30 6.31
• Ethanol/water (90/10) was
Total 100.0 used as polar activator
Samples adjusted to similar Brookfield viscositities.

Brookfield viscosity at __ rpm Yield Storage stabilty Workability

[Pas] point
10 20 50 100 [Pa] over 2 weeks
blank 360 370 360 356 n/a hard sediment very thin; no
sag control
2.0% BENTONE® 34 8750 5675 3320 2360 18 stable, no settling very easy to
apply
1.8% BENTONE® SD-1 9700 6100 3680 2570 20 stable, no settling very easy to
apply
All samples were adjusted to a viscosity of approximately 23 Pas; Brookfield viscosity measured using the Brookfield RVT equipped with Spindle 6 at 23°C; Yield point values were
extracted from the relevant rheological measurements taken with the Anton-Paar MCR 300 rheometer

BROOKFIELD VISCOSITY
10000
9000 Blank
8000 2.0% BENTONE® 34
1.8% BENTONE® SD-1
7000
Viscosity [mPas]
6000
5000
4000
3000 BENTONE® 34 and BENTONE® SD-1 provide strong
shear thinning flow in the Brookfield range.
2000
1000
0
10 20 50 100
Brookfield speed [rpm]
Viscosity data measured 24 hours after manufacturing with Brookfield RVT, equiped with spindle 6, at a temperature of 23°C; Samples were adjusted to similar Brookfield
viscosities

FLOW CURVES
1000
Blank
2.0% BENTONE® 34
1.8% BENTONE® SD-1
100
BENTONE® 34 and BENTONE® SD-1 provide
Viscosity
thixotropic flow characteristics.

10
0.1
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Shear rate [s-1]
Rheological data determined using the Anton-Paar MCR 300 rheometer, measuring geometry CC 37, at a temperature of 23°C

SAG/SLUMP STABILITY
Blank 1.8% BENTONE® SD-1
The slump was measured using the rheoliner (4 mm gap); The length of the runners were determined after the application; the shorter the runner the better the performence

STORAGE STABILITY
6
no settling
6 6
Stable,
Storage stability
The use of both organoclays result in

significantly improved storage stability
sedimentation
Poor, strong
1
0
2.0%% BENTONE® 34 Blank 1.8% BENTONE® SD-1
The storage stability was judged subjectively after a storage period of 2 weeks, (0 = poor; 6 = excellent); The larger the bar the better the performance

WORKABILITY
6
6 6 Excellent
Application properties
The use of both organoclays result in

significantly improved workability
0 Poor
2.0%% BENTONE® 34 Blank 1.8% BENTONE® SD-1
The application properties were evaluated subjectively by applying the material with a brush onto Leneta charts (0 = poor; 6 = excellent); The larger the bar the better the
performance

Conclusion

Conclusion
• BENTONE® OC, CT and GS
 improve flow properties and surface quality
 reduce stickiness
 provide easier troweling
 improve slump/sag resistance
of mineral and emulsion based systems
• BENTONE® and BENAQUA® 4000 can partially replace
cellulose ether in emulsion based systems
• BENTONE® OC, CT and GS cannot partially replace cellulose
ether in mineral based system - BENAQUA® 4000 can
partially replace cellulose ether

Conclusion
• BENTONE® OC is an ideal additives to optimize flow
behavior of bituminous emulsions
 economical alternative to various competitors
 excellent storage stability and open time
 improved sag resistance
BENTONE® 34 and BENTONE SD®-1 are ideal products to
optimize the viscosity and the flow properties of
solventborne bituminous systems

03 - Additives For Construction Systems

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03 - Additives For Construction Systems

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Additives for construction systems

DIGITAL LEARNING – MODULUS 03

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation

• Plasters, Renderings and Stucco • Screeds and Underlayments

Gypsum, latex and cement pointing • Building adhesives and sealants

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 2

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 3

Spray dried Hectorite Natural occuring Hectorite

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 4

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 5

Wetting & dispersing agents Defoamers

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 6

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 7

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 8

• Measurement of viscosity of construction materials

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 9

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 10

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 11

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 12

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 13

• After application with serrated trowel on concrete slab

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 14

Tests to be performed in accordance with EN 1348

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 15

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 16

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation

• BENTONE® OC to improve surface

• Base and finishing rendering

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 18

Flow table Water Sag* Yield point Workability

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 19

CONSISTENCY WATER RETENTION

Water retention [%]

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 20

Yield point [Pa]

Maximum layer thickness

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 21

0.12% Cellulose ether

0.12% Cellulose ether

Surface appearance after application using one trowel pass

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 22

Flow table [cm]

1000 Blank 14 0.12% Cellulose ether

12 0.12% Cellulose ether

Shear stress [Pa]

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 23

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 24

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 26

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 27

Onset of stiffening [min]

BENTONE® OC does neither affect the

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 28

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation

• High quality finishing system for interiour and exteriour us

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 30

CONCENTRATION FLOW CHARACTERISTICS

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 31

tan delta < 1 = G` > G“ tan delta > 1 = G“ > G`

incr. fluid character

Enhanced Performance Through Applied Innovation 32

tan delta < 1 = G` > G“ tan delta > 1 = G“ > G`

incr. elastic character