STA 319: Lesson I

Charles Mutai

Moi University
Lecture 2: SRSWOR

October 3, 2021

Charles Mutai (Moi University) Lesson Two October 3, 2021 1/9

How to Draw a Simple Random Sample:Example 1.1

For simplicity, assume there are N We can think of the accounts as

= 1000 patient records from which being numbers 001, 002, . . . ,
a simple random sample of n = 20 999, 000. That is, we have 1000
is to be drawn. We know that a three-digit numbers, where 001
simple random sample will be represents the first patient record,
obtained if every possible sample of 999 the 999th patient record, and
n = 20 records has the same 000 the 1000th.
chance of being selected. The
digits in Table A.2, and in any
other table of random numbers, are
generated to satisfy the conditions
of simple random sampling.
Determine which records are to be
included in a sample of size n = 20.

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Population mean estimation
Review
Refer to the hospital audit in
Example 1.1 and suppose that
a random sample of n = 200
accounts is selected from the
total of N = 1000. The
sample mean of the accounts
is found to be y = $94.22 ,
Charles Mutai (Moi University)
and the sample variance is 2 =
445.21. Estimate m, the average
due for all 1000 hospital accounts,
and place a bound on the error of
estimation.
We use y = $94.22 to
estimate µ
A bound on the error of
estimation can be found by
$94.22 ± $2.67 is
approximately a 95% CI
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Example 1.3

A simple random sample of n = 9

hospital records is drawn to
estimate the average amount of
money due on N = 484 open
accounts. The sample values for
these nine records are listed in
Table 1.3. Estimate m, the average
amount outstanding, and place a
bound on your error of estimation.

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Estimator of the population total

An industrial firm is concerned

about the time spent each week by
scientists on certain trivial tasks.
The time-log sheets of a simple
random sample of n = 50
employees show the average
amount of time spent on these
tasks is 10.31 hours, with a sample
variance s 2 = 2.25. The company
employs N = 750 scientists.
Estimate the total number of
worker-hours lost each week on
trivial tasks and place a bound on
the error of estimation.

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Selecting the Sample Size for Estimating Population Means
The required sample size can
now be found by solving the
following equation for n:
Sample size required to estimate M
with a bound on the error of
estimation B:
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The average amount of money m
for a hospital’s accounts receivable
must be estimated. Although no
prior data are available to estimate
the population variance, it is known
that most accounts lie within a
$100 range. There are N = 1000
open accounts. Find the sample
size needed to estimate m with a
bound on the error of estimation
B=3
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We need an estimate of s 2 , the
population variance. Because the
range is often approximately equal
to 4SD (4s), one fourth of the
range will provide an approximate
value of s. Hence,

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Selecting the Sample Size for Estimating Population Total
That is, we must solve
An investigator is interested in
estimating the total weight gain in
4 weeks for N = 1000 chicks fed on
a new ration. Obviously, to weigh
each bird would be time-
consuming and tedious.
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Therefore, determine the number of
chicks to be sampled in this study
in order to estimate t with a bound
on the error of estimation equal to
1000 grams. Many similar studies
on chick nutrition have been run in
the past. Using data from these
studies, the investigator found that
σ 2 , the population variance, was
approximately equal to
6.00(grams)2 . Determine the
required sample size.
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