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    The document summarizes the key muscles and anatomical structures of the arm. It describes the origins, insertions, innervation and actions of major muscles in the anterior and posterior compartments of the arm. These include the deltoid, biceps, brachialis, triceps, latissimus dorsi and other muscles. It also outlines the relationships between muscles and their blood supply.

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    The document summarizes the key muscles and anatomical structures of the arm. It describes the origins, insertions, innervation and actions of major muscles in the anterior and posterior compartments of the arm. These include the deltoid, biceps, brachialis, triceps, latissimus dorsi and other muscles. It also outlines the relationships between muscles and their blood supply.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    5 views1 page

    First Page PDF

    Uploaded by

    shahidkhattak
    The document summarizes the key muscles and anatomical structures of the arm. It describes the origins, insertions, innervation and actions of major muscles in the anterior and posterior compartments of the arm. These include the deltoid, biceps, brachialis, triceps, latissimus dorsi and other muscles. It also outlines the relationships between muscles and their blood supply.

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    of 1

    Arm Radiographic Anatomy and MR Atlas

    Arm

    ○ Biceps muscle, short head


    IMAGING ANATOMY
    – Origin: Coracoid process tip, in common with and
    Anatomy Relationships lateral to coracobrachialis tendon
    • Proximal muscle insertions – Insertion: Radial tuberosity after joining long head
    ○ Deltoid muscle – Nerve supply: Musculocutaneous nerve
    – Origin: Anterior, middle, and posterior bellies arise – Blood supply: Brachial artery, muscular branches
    from clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula, – Action: Flexes elbow and shoulder, supinates forearm
    respectively ○ Biceps muscle, long head
    – Insertion: Muscle bellies merge and insert on deltoid – Origin: Predominantly supraglenoid tubercle; also
    tuberosity of humerus, located laterally at superior glenoid labrum and coracoid base
    approximate midpoint of humeral length, over – Insertion: Radial tuberosity after joining with short
    distance of nearly 5 cm head
    – Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5 & C6) – Nerve supply: Musculocutaneous nerve
    – Blood supply: Deltoid branch of thoracoacromial – Blood supply: Brachial artery, muscular branches
    artery – Action: Flexes elbow and shoulder, supinates forearm
    – Action: Anterior belly flexes and medially rotates – Lacertus fibrosus (distal bicipital fascia/aponeurosis)
    shoulder, middle belly abducts shoulder, posterior provides traction on deep fascia of forearm
    belly extends and laterally rotates shoulder – Variants, biceps muscle: 3rd head in 10% arising at
    ○ Teres major muscle upper medial aspect of brachialis muscle, 4th head can
    – Origin: Dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula arise from lateral humerus, bicipital groove, or greater
    – Insertion: Medial lip of intertubercular groove of tuberosity
    humerus (below subscapularis insertion) ○ Brachialis muscle
    – Innervation: Lower subscapular nerve (C6 & C7) – Origin: Distal half of anterior humeral shaft and 2
    – Blood supply: Subscapular and circumflex scapular intermuscular septa
    arteries – Insertion: Tuberosity of ulna and anterior surface of
    – Action: Adducts and medially rotates arm coronoid process
    ○ Pectoralis major muscle – Nerve supply: Musculocutaneous nerve plus branch of
    – Origin: Clavicular head arises from anterior surface of radial nerve
    medial half of clavicle; sternocostal head arises from – Blood supply: Brachial artery, muscular branches, and
    anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal recurrent radial artery
    cartilages, and aponeurosis of external oblique muscle – Action: Flexes elbow
    – Insertion: Lateral lip of intertubercular groove of – Covers anterior aspect of elbow joint
    humerus (immediately lateral to teres major insertion) – Variants: Doubled; slips to supinator, pronator teres,
    – Innervation: C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 biceps, lacertus fibrosus, or radius
    – Blood supply: Pectoral branch of thoracoacromial • Posterior compartment of arm
    trunk ○ Triceps muscle, long head
    – Action: Adducts and medially rotates humerus, draws – Origin: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
    scapula anteriorly and inferiorly – Insertion: Proximal olecranon and deep fascia of arm
    ○ Latissimus dorsi muscle after joining with lateral and medial heads
    – Origin:Spinous process of inferior 6 thoracic – Nerve supply: Radial nerve
    vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and – Blood supply: Deep brachial artery branches
    inferior 3 or 4 ribs – Action: Elbow extension, adducts humerus when arm
    – Insertion: Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus is extended
    (between pectoralis major and teres major) ○ Triceps muscle, lateral head
    – Innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8) – Origin: Posterior and lateral humeral shaft, lateral
    – Blood supply: Thoracodorsal artery intermuscular septum
    – Action: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates – Insertion: Proximal olecranon and deep fascia of arm
    humerus; raises body towards arms when climbing after joining with long and medial heads
    • Anterior compartment of arm – Nerve supply: Radial nerve
    ○ Coracobrachialis muscle – Blood supply: Deep brachial artery branches
    – Origin: Coracoid process tip, in common with and – Action: Elbow extension
    medial to short head biceps tendon ○ Triceps muscle, medial head
    – Insertion: Medial surface of humeral mid shaft, – Origin: Posterior humeral shaft from teres major
    between brachialis and triceps muscle origins insertion to near trochlea, medial intermuscular
    – Nerve supply: Musculocutaneous nerve, perforates septum
    muscle – Insertion: Proximal olecranon and deep fascia of arm
    – Blood supply: Brachial artery, muscular branches after joining with lateral and long heads
    – Action: Flexes and adducts shoulder, supports – Nerve supply: Radial and branches of ulnar nerve
    humeral head in glenoid – Blood supply: Deep brachial artery branches
    – Variants: Bony head extending to medial epicondyle, – Action: Elbow extension
    short head extending to lesser tuberosity
    154

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