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Basic Hydraulics
Basic Hydraulics
Division
Construction & Mining Technique
Basic
Hydraulics
Fluid Power System
In simple language:
It transmits power.
It dissipates heat
Hydraulic System
Reservoir
Filter
Hydraulic Pump
Actuator (Cylinder/Motor)
Reservoir
Tank / Reservoir
Reservoir
Storing oil
It dissipates heat
Pump
Tank
Pump
Hydraulic Pump is the most important component in
the hydraulic system.
- Hydro-dynamic
- Hydro-static
Pump
- Rotary Pumps
- Reciprocating Pumps
Rotary Pumps
- Gear Pumps
- Vane Pumps
Reciprocating Pumps
Actuator
Pump
Tank
Actuators
There are mainly two types of
Actuators:
Hoses to
connect the Piston reverse
components movement is not
possible
We need a direction
control valve to change
the direction of flow as
per requirement
Pump
Tank
Hydraulic System
Actuator
Direction
Control Valve
Pump
Tank
Valves
Valves are components which guide
hydraulic oil delivered by the Pump to the
actuators.
- Pressure
- Direction
Valves design
- Spool valves
- Poppet valves
Types of Valves
Direction
Control Valve
The control valve is at
neutral position
Pump
Tank
Hydraulic System
Actuator
Direction
Control Valve Now the control valve
is shifted to left
Pump
Tank
Hydraulic System
Actuator
Direction
Control Valve
To change the piston
movement in opposite
direction the control
valve is now shifted to
right
Pump
Tank
Hydraulic System
Actuator
Is it complete circuit ?
OR
Direction
Control Valve
Tank
Hydraulic System
Actuator
Piston at end
-No room to
move
yes
Pressure
increases
Direction
We need some We
thing more
Control Valve
need to
control the
Pump
system
Tank
pressure
Hydraulic System
Actuator
Direction
Control Valve
Pressure
relief valve
Pump
Tank
Hydraulic System
Actuator
Direction
Control Valve
Pressure
relief valve
Pump
Tank
Hydraulic System
Actuator
Direction
Control Valve
Pressure
relief valve Stops pressure increasing
beyond the preset value
Pump
Tank
Direct acting
Relief valve
Hydraulic System
Actuator
Now we have a system
which can work
Direction
Control Valve
Pressure
relief valve
Pump
Tank
Hydraulic System
Actuator
Pressure
relief valve We have a system now which
can work safely
Pump
Filter
Tank
Is filtration necessary?
Impurities in the Hydraulic system affect the the
components of the hydraulic system and shorten
the service life.
- Breakdown of component
Pump
Filter
Tank
Hydraulic System
LOAD
OIL
Hydraulic jack