ASSIGNMENT 2 FRONT SHEET

Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing

Unit number and title Unit 06: Managing a Successful Computing Project

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I. Introduction

II. Content

5. Analyse research and data using appropriate tools and techniques.(P5)

5.1 What does data analysis mean?

- Data analysis is defined as a process of cleaning, transforming, and modeling data to discover useful
information for business decision-making. The purpose of Data Analysis is to extract useful information
from data and taking the decision based upon the data analysis.

- To have a better understanding of data analysis, we can take an example as follows:

If your business is not growing, then you have to look back and acknowledge your mistakes and make a
plan again without repeating those mistakes. And even if your business is growing, then you have to look
forward to making the business to grow more. All you need to do is analyze your business data and
business processes.

5.2 Primary research

Primary research is any type of research that you collect yourself. Examples include surveys, interviews,
observations, and ethnographic research. A good researcher knows how to use both primary and
secondary sources in their writing and to integrate them in a cohesive fashion.

Interview and Survey are the most common primary types of research.

+ Interview: Interviews are a practical method for gathering data from single subjects or small groups of
individuals. Interviews are a useful tool for researchers who want to get expert advice on a particular
topic

+ Survey: In this method of gathering data, people are questioned about their emotions, beliefs,
attitudes, and behaviors in addition to other specific research questions. Due to the questions' fixed
nature, this method of questioning is typically less adaptable than interviews. However, surveys are
helpful for gathering data from sizable populations.

Overview about Interview/Survey: Interviews and surveys will help the researcher collect data in the
most realistic way from users or customers through questions. In this project, the questions will help us
to statistic the importance of the project from users, and the actual opinions of the reasons leading to
the project implementation. With qualitative research, I would choose to question doctors, nurses, and
patients in the pediatric ward.
5.3 Secondary research

Secondary research is a research method that uses data that was collected by someone else. In other
words, whenever you conduct research using data that already exists, you are conducting secondary
research.

Types of secondary research:

+Statistical analysis: There is ample data available online from a variety of sources, often in the form of
datasets. These datasets are often open-source or downloadable at a low cost, and are ideal for
conducting statistical analyses such as hypothesis testing or regression analysis.

+Literature reviews: A literature review is a survey of preexisting scholarly sources on your topic. It
provides an overview of current knowledge, allowing you to identify relevant themes, debates, and gaps
in the research you analyze. You can later apply these to your own work, or use them as a jumping-off
point to conduct primary research of your own.

Structured much like a regular academic paper (with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion), a
literature review is a great way to evaluate the current state of research and demonstrate your
knowledge of the scholarly debates around your topic.

+ Case studies: A case study is a detailed study of a specific subject. It is usually qualitative in nature and
can focus on a person, group, place, event, organization, or phenomenon. A case study is a great way to
utilize existing research to gain concrete, contextual, and in-depth knowledge about your real-world
subject.

5.4 Some tools for analyze data

+ SAS: The SAS language is a computer programming language used for statistical analysis, created by
Anthony James Barr at North Carolina State University. It can read in data from common spreadsheets
and databases and output the results of statistical analyses in tables, graphs, and as RTF, HTML and PDF
documents. The SAS language runs under compilers that can be used on Microsoft Windows, Linux, and
various other UNIX and mainframe computers. The SAS System and World Programming System (WPS)
are SAS language compilers.

+ MATLAB: MATLAB is a programming and numeric computing platform used by millions of engineers
and scientists to analyze data, develop algorithms, and create models.

+R: R is a programming language for statistical computing and graphics supported by the R Core Team
and the R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Created by statisticians Ross Ihaka and Robert
Gentleman, R is used among data miners, bioinformaticians and statisticians for data analysis and
developing statistical software. Users have created packages to augment the functions of the R language.
+ SQL: SQL is a domain-specific language used in programming and designed for managing data held in a
relational database management system (RDBMS), or for stream processing in a relational data stream
management system (RDSMS). It is particularly useful in handling structured data, i.e. data incorporating
relations among entities and variables.

5.5 Techniques analyze data

- Text Analysis:

Text Analysis is also referred to as Data Mining. It is one of the methods of data analysis to discover a
pattern in large data sets using databases or data mining tools. It used to transform raw data into
business information. Business Intelligence tools are present in the market which is used to take
strategic business decisions. Overall it offers a way to extract and examine data and deriving patterns
and finally interpretation of the data.

- Statistical Analysis:

Statistical Analysis shows “What happen?” by using past data in the form of dashboards. Statistical
Analysis includes collection, Analysis, interpretation, presentation, and modeling of data. It analyses a set
of data or a sample of data. There are two categories of this type of Analysis – Descriptive Analysis and
Inferential Analysis.

+Descriptive Analysis: Analyses complete data or a sample of summarized numerical data. It shows mean
and deviation for continuous data whereas percentage and frequency for categorical data.

+ Inferential Analysis; Analyses sample from complete data. In this type of Analysis, you can find
different conclusions from the same data by selecting different samples.

- Diagnostic Analysis:

Diagnostic Analysis shows “Why did it happen?” by finding the cause from the insight found in Statistical
Analysis. This Analysis is useful to identify behavior patterns of data. If a new problem arrives in your
business process, then you can look into this Analysis to find similar patterns of that problem. And it may
have chances to use similar prescriptions for the new problems.

- Predictive Analysis:

Predictive Analysis shows “what is likely to happen” by using previous data. The simplest data analysis
example is like if last year I bought two dresses based on my savings and if this year my salary is
increasing double then I can buy four dresses. But of course it’s not easy like this because you have to
think about other.

- Prescriptive Analysis
Prescriptive Analysis combines the insight from all previous Analysis to determine which action to take in
a current problem or decision. Most data-driven companies are utilizing Prescriptive Analysis because
predictive and descriptive Analysis are not enough to improve data performance. Based on c urrent
situations and problems, they analyze the data and make decisions.

6. Communicate appropriate recommendations as a result of research and data analysis to draw valid
and meaningful conclusions.(P6)

6.1 Aims and objective of research and data analysis