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 MỤC LỤC
CAMBRIDGE 11
TEST 1 - CAMBRIDGE 11..................................................................................................................................... 5
I. PASSAGE 1 ......................................................................................................................... 5
II. PASSAGE 2 ......................................................................................................................... 6
III. PASSAGE 3 ......................................................................................................................... 8
TEST 2 - CAMBRIDGE 11................................................................................................................................... 10
I. PASSAGE 1 ....................................................................................................................... 10
II. PASSAGE 2 ....................................................................................................................... 11
III. PASSAGE 3 ....................................................................................................................... 13
TEST 3 - CAMBRIDGE 11................................................................................................................................... 15
I. PASSAGE 1 ....................................................................................................................... 15
II. PASSAGE 2 ....................................................................................................................... 16
III. PASSAGE 3 ....................................................................................................................... 18
TEST 4 - CAMBRIDGE 11................................................................................................................................... 20
I. PASSAGE 1 ....................................................................................................................... 20
II. PASSAGE 2 ....................................................................................................................... 21
III. PASSAGE 3 ....................................................................................................................... 23

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TEST 1 - CAMBRIDGE 11
I. PASSAGE 1

Câu Đáp án Giải thích

Câu đầu paragraph 2 trang 18: “The concept of indoor farming is not
new, since hothouse production of tomatoes and other produce has
1 tomatoes
been in vogue for some time.”

Dòng 3-6 cột 2 trang 18: “Situated in the heart of urban centres, they
urban would drastically reduce the amount of transportation required to
2
centers/centres bring food to consumers.”

Dòng 8-4 từ dưới lên paragraph 2 trang 19: “Although the system would
consume energy, it would return energy to the grid via methane
3 energy generation from composting non edible parts of plants.” Vậy thứ được
tạo ra từ methane là “energy”.

Câu cuối paragraph 2 trang 19: “It would also dramatically reduce fossil
fuel use, by cutting out the need for tractors, ploughs and shipping.”
4 fossil fuel
“Tractors” và “ploughs” là các “agricultural vehicles”.

Câu đầu paragraph 3 trang 19: “A major drawback of vertical farming,

however, is that the plants would require artificial light.” “Drawback
5 artificial
đồng nghĩa “disadvantage”.

Câu đầu paragraph 4 trang 19: “One variation on vertical farming that
has been developed is to grow plants in stacked trays that move on
6 (stacked) trays rails.”
“Move on rails” → có thể di chuyển → “not fixed”.

Câu cuối paragraph cuối trang 19: “While it is possible that much of our
food will be grown in skyscrapers in future, most experts currently
believe it is far more likely that we will simply use the space available
(urban)
7 on urban rooftops.”
rooftops
“Far more likely” → có khả năng xảy ra cao hơn → “the most probable
development”.

Văn bản không nhắc đến “methods for predicting the Earth’s
8 Not Given population”.

Dòng 5-3 từ dưới lên paragraph 1 trang 18: “Historically, some 15% of
9 True
that has been laid waste by poor management practices.”

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 “Laid waste” nghĩa là bị phá hủy → “the destruction to food producing
land”.

Dòng 3-6 paragraph 2 trang 19: “For instance, crops would be produced
all year round, as they would be kept in artificially controlled, optimum
10 False growing conditions.”
“All year round” → không phụ thuộc vào “season”.

Dòng 4-6 đầu trang 19: “However, more often than not now, due to a
rapidly changing climate, that is not what happens.”
11 True “What happens” là việc thời tiết tốt đem đến mùa màng tốt →
Việc “Climate change” đã khiến “damage to food crops”.

Dòng 9-11 paragraph 2 trang 19: “All the food could be grown
organically, eliminating the need for herbicides, pesticides and
12 False fertilisers.”
Vậy “vertical farms” sẽ khiến không cần sử dụng “fertilisers” nữa.

Dòng 12-15 paragraph 2 trang 19: “The system would greatly reduce
the incidence of many infectious diseases that are acquired at the
agricultural interface.”
13 True
“Reduce the incidence” đồng nghĩa “make plants less likely to be
affected”.

II. PASSAGE 2

Câu Đáp án Giải thích

Dòng 4-9 paragraph 2 trang 21: “Historically, the two canals had been
joined near the town of Falkirk by a sequence of 11 locks - enclosed
sections of canal in which the water level could be raised or lowered -
14 False that stepped down across a distance of 1.5 km.”
Vậy trước “the Falkirk Wheel” đã có “a sequence of 11 locks” liên kết 2
kênh đào này.

Văn bản không nhắc đến việc có “opposition” hay không.

15 Not Given
Câu đầu paragraph 4 trang 21: “The various parts of The Falkirk Wheel
were all constructed and assembled, like one giant toy building set, at
Butterley Engineering’s Steelworks in Derbyshire, some 400 km from
16 True Falkirk.”
Vậy lúc đầu các bộ phận của “The Falkirk Wheel” được làm ra và lắp (thử)
ở “Butterley Engineering’s Steelworks in Derbyshire”.

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 Văn bản không nói về sự độc nhất của “The Falkirk Wheel” → không có
thông tin có hay không có những “boat lift” được “bolted together by
17 Not Given
hand” giống “The Falkirk Wheel”.

Dòng 7-9 paragraph 5 trang 21: “These gondolas always weigh the same,
whether or not they are carrying boats.”
18 False
Vậy “the weight of the gondolas varies” là sai.

Dòng 3-9 paragraph cuối trang 22: “The Wheel could not be constructed
to elevate boats over the full 35-metre difference between the two
canals, owning to the presence of the historically important Antonine
Wall, which was built by the Romans in the second century AD.”
19 True “A nearby ancient monument” là “the historically important Antonine
Wall”. Câu này nói cái “The Falkirk Wheel” không nâng thuyền lên đủ 35
mét vì có “Antonine Wall” → việc xây “The Falkirk Wheel” đã có để { đến
“Antonine Wall”.

Dòng 4-6 paragraph 2 trang 22: “Two hydraulic steel gates are raised, so
as to seal the gondola off from the water in the canal basin.” “Two” → “a
pair”.
20 gates “Raised” đồng nghĩa “lifted”.
“Seal the gondola off from the water” nghĩa là bịt “gondola” lại để chặn
nước → “shut out water from canal basin”.

Dòng 8-11 paragraph 2 trang 22: “A hydraulic clamp, which prevents the
arms of the Wheel moving while the gondola is docked, is removed,
21 clamp allowing the Wheel to turn.”
“Removed” đồng nghĩa “taken out”.

Dòng 11-13 paragraph 2 trang 22: “In the central machine room an array
of ten hydraulic motors then begins to rotate the central axle.”
22 axle
Vậy thứ được quay (“drive”) là “axle”.

Dòng 9-4 từ dưới lên paragraph 2 trang 22: “Two eight-metre-wide cogs
orbit a fixed inner cog of the same width, connected by two smaller cogs
travelling in the opposite direction to the outer cogs - so ensuring that
23 cogs the gondolas always remain level.”
“Remain level” đồng nghĩa “keeps upright” là dựng thẳng.
Và thứ có “different-sized” là “cogs”.

Câu cuối paragraph 2 trang 22: “When the gondola reaches the top, the
boat passes straight onto the aqueduct situated 24 metres above the
24 aqueduct canal basin.”
“Passes straight onto” đồng nghĩa “move directly onto”.

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 Câu cuối paragraph cuối trang 22: “Boats travel under this wall via a
25 wall tunnel, then through the locks, and finally on to the Union Canal.”

Câu đầu paragraph cuối trang 22: “The remaining 11 metres of lift needed
26 locks to reach the Union Canal is achieved by means of a pair of locks.”

III. PASSAGE 3

Câu Đáp án Giải thích

Dòng 3-5 đoạn D: “The idea is modelled on historic volcanic explosions,
such as that of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines in 1991, which led to a
short-term cooling of global temperatures by 0.5 °C.”
27 D
“Historical volcanic explosions” là một loại “earlier natural
phenomenon”.

Câu đầu đoạn B: “Geo-engineering has been shown to work, at least on a

small localised scale.”
Câu này báo hiệu phần sau đoạn B sẽ nói về việc “geo-engineering has
28 B
been shown to work”, tức đưa ví dụ về một lần “successful use of geo-
engineering”.

Dòng 6-8 đoạn A: “Consequently, an increasing number of scientists are

beginning to explore the alternative of geo-engineering - a term which
generally refers to the intentional large-scale manipulation of the
29 A
environment.”
“Generally refers to” → đây là “a common definition”.

Dòng 5-7 đoạn B: “His scheme would employ up to 16 trillion minute

spacecraft, each weighing about one gram, to form a transparent,
30 sunshade
sunlight-refracting sunshade in an orbit 1.5 million km above the Earth.”

31 iron
Dòng 1-2 đoạn C: “The majority of geo-engineering projects so far carried
out - which include planting forests in deserts and depositing iron in the
ocean to stimulate the growth of algae”.
32 algae
“Depositing iron in the ocean” đồng nghĩa “placing iron in the sea”.
“Stimulate the growth of algae” là “encourage algae to form”.

Dòng 2-3 đoạn D: “This would involved using sulphur or hydrogen

sulphide aerosols so that sulphur dioxide would form clouds, which
would, in turn, lead to a global dimming.”
33 clouds
“Global dimming” nghĩa là làm tối đi toàn cầu → “reduce the amount of
light reaching Earth”.

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 Dòng 5-7 đoạn D: “Scientists have also scrutinized whether it’s possible
to preserve the ice sheets of Greenland with reinforced high-tension
34 cables cables, preventing icebergs from moving into the sea.”
“Reinforced high-tension” đồng nghĩa “strong”.

Dòng cuối trang 25 và đầu trang 26: “birches would shed their leaves in
winter, thus enabling radiation to be reflected by the snow”. Vậy thứ
35 snow
“reflect radiation” là “snow”.

Câu cuối đoạn D: “Re-routing Russian rivers to increase cold water flow
to ice-forming areas could also be used to slow down warming, say some
36 rivers
climate scientists.” Việc “re-routing” đồng nghĩa “change the direction”.

5 dòng cuối đoạn E: “And Dr Phil Rasch of the US-based Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory is equally guarded about the role of geo-
engineering: ‘I think all of us agree that if we were to go end geo-
engineering on a given day, then the planet would return to its pre-
37 B engineered condition very rapidly, and probably within ten to twenty
years.”
“Return to its pre-engineered condition” nghĩa là trở về trạng thái trước
khi sửa → “not be long-lasting”.

Câu cuối đoạn H: “According to Dr Martin Sommerkorn, climate change

advisor for the World Wildlife Fund’s International Arctic Programme,
‘Human-induced cliamte change has brought humanity to a position
38 D
where we shouldn’t exclude thinking thoroughly about this topic and its
possibilities.”

Câu cuối đoạn G: “To avoid such a scenario, Lunt says Angel’s project
would have to operate at half strength; all of which reinforces his view
that the best option is to avoid the need for geo engineering altogether.”
39 C
“Operate at half strength” đồng nghĩa “limit the effectiveness of geo
engineering projects”.

Dòng 2-3 đoạn E: “Angel says that his plan is ‘no substitute for developing
renewable energy: the only permanent solution’.”
40 A “Renewable energy” chính là “non-fossil-based fuels”. Việc
“no substitute” có nghĩa là không thay thế được → “cannot be replaced”.

THE SOL IELTS | THE SOL EDUCATION – ĐÀO TẠO IELTS CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO 9
TEST 2 - CAMBRIDGE 11
I. PASSAGE 1

Câu Đáp án Giải thích

Dòng 10-16 paragraph 1 trang 41: “Accounts of what happened to the
ship vary: while witnesses agree that she was not hit by the French, some
maintain that she was outdated, overladen and sailing too low in the
1 True
water, others that she was mishandled by undisciplined crew.” → Đây là
các giả thuyết về lí do chìm tàu → “there is some doubt” là đúng.

Văn bản không nói có tàu nào khác bị chìm trong trận chiến “19 July 1545”
2 Not Given hay không.

Dòng cuối cột 1 và dòng đầu cột 2 trang 41: “Because of the way the ship
sank, nearly all of the starboard half survived intact.”
3 True “Nearly all of the starboard half” đồng nghĩa “most of one side”.
“Survived intact” đồng nghĩa “lay undamaged”.

Dòng 5-9 paragraph 2 trang 42: “McKee and his team now knew for
certain that they had found the wreck, but were as yet unaware that it
also housed a treasure trove of beautifully preserved artefacts.”
4 False
Vậy “knew that the wreck would contain many valuable historical
objects” là sai.

Dòng 2-10 paragraph cuối trang 41-đầu trang 42: “But in 1965, military
historian and ameteur diver Alexander McKee, in conjunction with the
British Sub-Aqua Club, initiated a project called ‘Solent Ships’. While on
5 C - 1965 paper this was a plan to examine a number of know wrecks in the Solent,
what McKee really hoped for was to find the Mary Rose.”
Vậy năm 1965 là khi một “search for the Mary Rose was launched”.

5 dòng cuối paragraph 3 trang 41: “Deane continued diving on the site
intermittently until 1840, recovering several more guns, two bows,
various timbers, part of a pump and various other small finds.” Deane
6 B - 1840
khám phá Mary Rose một mình → “one person’s exploration”.
“Until 1840” → kết thúc năm 1840.

Câu cuối paragraph 2 trang 42: “While the original aim was to raise the
hull if at all feasible, the operation was not given the go-ahead until
7 G – 1982
January 1982, when all the necessary information was available.”
“Given the go-ahead” → được nhất trí → “agreed”.

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 Câu đầu paragraph 3 trang 41: “Then, on 16 June 1836, some fishermen
in the Solent found that their equipment was caught on an underwater
8 A - 1836 obstruction, which turned out to be the Mary Rose.”
“Turned out to be” → họ không cố tình tìm → “by chance”.

Dòng 6-8 paragraph 3 trang 42: “The hull was attached to a lifting frame
via a network of bolts and lifting wires.”
9 (lifting) frame
Vậy thứ gắn với “hull” là “(lifting) frame”.

Dòng 8-10 paragraph 3 trang 42: “The problem of the hull being sucked
hydraulic back downwards into the mud was overcome by using 12 hydraulic
10
jacks jacks.”

Dòng 22-25 paragraph 3 trang 42: “This required precise positioning to

stabbing locate the legs into the ‘stabbing guides’ of the lifting cradle.” Vậy “legs”
11
guides được đặt vào “stabbing guides”.

“Dòng 20-22 paragraph 3 trang 42: “the hull was lifted completely clear
of the seabed and transferred underwater into the lifting cradle.” Vậy thứ
12 (lifting) cradle
mà “hull” được đặt vào là “lifting cradle”.

Dòng 27-29 paragraph 3 trang 42: “and was fitted with air bags to provide
additional cushioning for the hull’s delicate timber framework.”
13 air bags
“Additional cushioning” đồng nghĩa “extra protection”.

II. PASSAGE 2

Câu Đáp án Giải thích

Dòng 8-9 đoạn A: “The identity of the moai builders was in doubt until
well into the twentieth century.” và dòng 5-3 từ dưới lên đoạn A:
“Modern science - linguistic, archaeological and genetic evidence - has
14 ii definitively proved the moat builders were Polynesians”. Vậy “a
question about the moai” là “the identity of the moai builders”.
“Has definitely proved” → chắc chắn → “undisputed answer”.

Dòng 8-11 đoạn B: “When the islanders cleared the forests for firewood
and farming, the forests didn’t grow back. As trees became scarce and
they could no longer construct wooden canoes for fishing, they ate birds.
15 ix Soil erosion decreased their crop yields.”
Đoạn này đang nói về việc mất dần nguồn thức ăn → “diminishing food
resources”.

Câu đầu đoạn C: “The moai, he thinks, accelerated the self-destruction.”

16 viii
“The moai” chính là các bức tượng (“statues”).

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 Dòng 4-6 đoạn D: “Archaeological excavations indicate that the Rapanui
went to heroic efforts to protect the resources of their wind-lashed,
infertile fields.”
17 i Việc “went to heroic efforts to protect the resources” đồng nghĩa
“environment management practices.” “Archaeological excavations”
chính là các “evidence”.

Dòng 3-4 đoạn E: “One that issue, Hunt and Lipo say, archaeological
evidence backs up Rapanui folklore.”
18 iv
“Backs up Rapanui folklore” đồng nghĩa “supports a local belief”.

Câu đầu đoạn F: “Moreover, Hunt and Lipo are convinced that the settlers
were not wholly responsible for the loss of the island’s trees.” “The loss
19 vii of the island’s trees” là “destruction”.
“Settlers” là “inhabitants”.

Dòng 3-4 đoạn G: “Rather than a case of abject failure, Rapu Nui is an
unlikely story of success”. Vậy “two opposing views” là “abject failure” và
20 vi
“unlikely story of success”.

Dòng 8-9 đoạn B: “When the islanders cleared the forests for firewood
21 farming and farming, the forests didn’t grow back.”

22 canoes
Dòng 9-10 đoạn B: “As trees became scarce and they could no longer
construct wooden canoes for fishing, they ate birds.”
23 birds
“Construct” đồng nghĩa “building”.

Dòng 4-5 đoạn C: “Diamond thinks they laid the moat on wooden sledges,
hauled over log rails, but that required both a lot of wood and a lot of
24 wood
people.”

B vì: Dòng 2-3 đoạn E: “They also believe that moving the moai required
few people and no wood, because they were walked upright.” Vậy trái
ngược với “both a lot of wood and a lot of people”.
C vì: Câu đầu đoạn E: “Hunt and Lipo contend that moai-building was an
25 B-C
activity that helped keep the peace between islanders.” Vậy trái ngược
với theo Diamond là “moai” dùng để “rival chieftains” thể hiện sự thống
trị.

B vì: Dòng 2-3 đoạn E: “They also believe that moving the moai required
few people and no wood, because they were walked upright.” Vậy trái
26 B-C ngược với “both a lot of wood and a lot of people”.
C vì: Câu đầu đoạn E: “Hunt and Lipo contend that moai-building was an
activity that helped keep the peace between islanders.” Vậy trái ngược

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 với theo Diamond là “moai” dùng để “rival chieftains” thể hiện sự thống
trị.

III. PASSAGE 3

Câu Đáp án Giải thích

Dòng 4-6 paragraph 2 trang 49: “When asked to make simple perceptual
decisions such as matching a shape to its rotated image, for example,
people often choose a definitively wrong answer if they see others doing
27 C
the same.”
“Often” → đây là một “tendency”.

Dòng đầu và câu cuối paragraph 3 trang 49: “Angelina Hawley-Dolan, of

Boston College, Massachusetts, responded to this debate” và “It seems
that the viewer can sense the artist’s vision in paintings, even if they can’t
28 D
explain why.”
“Perceive the intention” đồng nghĩa “sense the artist’s vision”.

Dòng đầu và câu cuối paragraph 4 trang 49: “Rober Pepperell, an artist
based at Cardiff University” và “It would seem that the brain sees these
images as puzzles, and the harder it is to decipher the meaning, the more
29 B rewarding is the moment of recognition.”
“The more rewarding is the moment of recognition” đồng nghĩa
“satisfying to work out what a painting represents”.

Dòng 2-4 paragraph 1 trang 50: “Mondrian’s works are deceptively

simple, but eyetracking studies confirm that they are meticulously
composed, and that simply rotating a piece radically changes the way we
30 A
view it.”
“Meticulously composed” đồng nghĩa “carefully put together”.

3 dòng cuối paragraph 1 trang 49: “The blurred imagery of Impressionist

paintings seems to stimulate the brain’s amygdala, for instance. The
amygdala plays a crucial role in our feelings, that finding might explain
31 C - emotions
why many people find these pieces of moving.”
“Find these pieces of moving” → “the impact on our emotions”.

Câu đầu paragraph 3 trang 50: “In another experiment, Alex Forsythe of
the University of
Liverpool analysed the visual intricacy of different pieces of art, and her
B-
32 results suggest that many artists use a key level of detail to please the
complexity
brain.” “A key level of details” đồng nghĩa “precise degree of
complexity”.

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 Dòng 4-7 paragraph 3 trang 50: “What’s more, appealing pieces both
abstract and representational, show signs of ‘fractals’ - repeated motifs
recurring in different scales. Fractals are common throughout nature, for
33 H - images
example in the shapes of mountain peaks or the branches of trees.”
“Motifs” ở đây đồng nghĩa “images”.

Văn bản không nhắc đến “previous beliefs on the function of ‘fractals’ in
34 Not Given art”.

Dòng 4-5 paragraph 4 trang 50: “This may be down to our brain’s ‘mirror
neurons’, which are known to mimic others’ actions. The hypothesis will
need to be thoroughly tested, however.”
35 Yes
“Need to be thoroughly tested” đồng nghĩa “require further
verification”.

Câu cuối paragraph 4 trang 50: “While the fashions of the time might
shape what is currently popular, works that are best adapted to our visual
system may be the most likely to linger once the trends of previous
generations have been forgotten.”
36 No
Vì có các “works that are best adapted to our visual system” vẫn đang
“linger once the trends of previous generations have been forgotten” →
“depends entirely” là sai.

Dòng 2-3 paragraph cuối trang 50: “It would, however, be foolish to
No reduce art appreciation to a set of scientific laws.”
37
“A set of scientific laws” đồng nghĩa “define the precise rules”.

Dòng 3-4 paragraph cuối trang 50: “We shouldn’t underestimate the
importance of the style of a particular artist, their place in history and the
artistic environment of their time.”
38 Yes
“Their place in history and the artistic environment” là các “cultural
context”.

Văn bản không so sánh độ khó dễ của việc “find meaning” trong “field of
science” với “art”.
Lưu ý: Câu cuối paragraph cuối trang 50: “In some ways, it’s not so
39 Not Given
different to science” chỉ nói về việc cả 2 điều đều cần phải “find meaning”,
không nói bên nào khó hơn, dễ hơn.

Theo phương pháp loại trừ: Đáp án B loại vì văn bản không nói về “studies
focusing on the neural activity of abstract artists” (các “studies” trong bài
phần lớn là về người xem chứ không phải “artist”).
40 A Đáp án C loại vì văn bản không so sánh “abstract” với “representational
art”. Đáp án D loại vì văn bản không nói về việc “public opinion about
abstract art” bị thay đổi chút nào.

THE SOL IELTS | THE SOL EDUCATION – ĐÀO TẠO IELTS CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO 14
TEST 3 - CAMBRIDGE 11
I. PASSAGE 1

Câu Đáp án Giải thích

Dòng 13-17 paragraph 1 trang 65: “It just so happened that while she was
sipping some tea, one of the cocoons that she had collected landed in
1 tea the hot tea and started to unravel into a fine thread.”
“Landed in” ở đây đồng nghĩa “fell into”.

Dòng 21-25 paragraph 1 trang 65: “She also devised a special reel to draw
the fibres from the cocoon into a single thread so that they would be
2 reel strong enough to be woven into fabric.”
“Draw the fibres from the cocoon” đồng nghĩa “pull out silk fibres”.

Câu đầu paragraph 2 trang 65: “Originally, silkworm farming was solely
restricted to women, and it was they who were responsible for the
growing, harvesting and weaving.”
3 women
“Growing, harvesting and weaving” là các bước trong việc “produce silk”.
“Solely restricted” đồng nghĩa “only … were allowed”.

Dòng 4-7 paragraph 2 trang 65: “Silk quickly grew into a symbol of status,
and originally, only royalty were entitled to have clothes made of silk.”
4 royalty “Entitled” đồng nghĩa “allowed”.
“Have clothes made of silk” đồng nghĩa “wear silk”.

Dòng 12-16 paragraph 2 trang 65: “silk was so prized that it was also used
as a unit of currency. Government officials were paid their salary in silk,
and farmers paid their taxes in grain and silk.”
5 currency
Vậy việc “farmers’ taxes consisted partly of silk” là ví dụ cho việc “used as
a unit of currency”.

Câu cuối paragraph 2 trang 65: “The earliest indication of silk paper being
used was discovered in the tomb of a noble who is estimated to have
6 paper
died around 168 AD.”

2 dòng cuối trang 65 và dòng đầu trang 66: “taking silk westward and
7 wool bringing gold, silver and wool to the East.”

Dòng 9-15 paragraph 2 trang 66: “According to another legend, monks

working for the Byzantine emperor Justinian smuggled silkworm eggs to
8 monks
Constantinople (Istanbul in modern-day Turkey) in 550 AD, concealed
inside hollow bamboo walking canes.”

THE SOL IELTS | THE SOL EDUCATION – ĐÀO TẠO IELTS CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO 15
 “Concealed” đồng nghĩa “hide”.

Dòng 6-10 paragraph cuối trang 66: “Then in the twentieth century, new
manmade fibres, such as nylon, started to be used in what had
9 nylon traditionally been silk products.”
à Vậy thứ thay thế “silk” là “nylon”.

4 dòng đầu trang 66: “It was named the Silk Road after its most precious
commodity, which was considered to be worth more than gold.” Vậy
10 False “gold was the most valuable material” là sai.
*Lưu ý: câu hỏi dùng từ “material” là vật liệu nên sẽ bao gồm cả “silk”.

Câu cuối paragraph 1 trang 66: “Few merchants travelled the entire route;
goods were handled mostly by a series of middle men.” “Merchants”
đồng nghĩa “tradesmen”.
11 True “Few merchants travelled the entire route” tức là ít thương nhân đi toàn
bộ quãng đường → phần lớn thương nhân chỉ đi một phần đường →
“most tradesmen only went along certain sections”.

Dòng 15-19 paragraph 2 trang 66: “The Byzantines were as secretive as

the Chinese, however, and for many centuries the weaving and trading
of silk fabric was a strict imperial monopoly.”
12 False
Câu này nói việc Byzantines cũng giữ kín công thức làm “silk” → “spread
the practice of silkproduction” là sai.

Văn bản không so sánh lượng xuất khẩu của “silk” với “silk yarn”.
13 Not Given

II. PASSAGE 2

Câu Đáp án Giải thích

Dòng 5-7 paragraph 2 trang 69: “While local gulls will dive voraciously for
such a handouts, the tern flies on.”
14 False
Vậy “local gulls” và “migrating arctic terns” sẽ phản ứng khác hẳn nhau.

Câu đầu paragraph 3 trang 69: “But migration is a complex issue, and
biologists define it differently, depending on what sorts of animals they
15 True
study.”

Văn bản không nói về số lượng người coi “movement of aphids” là

“migration”.
16 Not Given *Lưu ý: paragraph cuối trang 69 - đầu trang 70 chỉ nói về “movement of
aphids” để so sánh với “other forms of movement”.

Câu cuối trang 69 và đầu trang 70: “They allow for the fact that, for
17 True
example, aphids will become sensitive to blue light (from the sky) when it’s

THE SOL IELTS | THE SOL EDUCATION – ĐÀO TẠO IELTS CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO 16
 time to takeoff on their big journey, and sensitive to yellow light (reflected
from tender young leaves) when it’s appropriate to land”.
Vậy đây là ví dụ về việc “aphids’ journeys” bị ảnh hưởng bởi ánh sáng mà
nó nhận được.

3 dòng cuối paragraph đầu trang 70: “therefore helps guide researchers
towards understanding how evolution has produced them all”.
Vậy điều Dingle mong là giúp các nhà nghiên cứu hiểu “how evolutions
18 False
produce (migrations)” chứ không phải phân biệt “migratory behaviours”
của các loài khác nhau.

Dòng 13 paragraph 1 trang 69: “they tend to be linear, not zigzaggy”. “Be
19 G linear” tức là theo một đường thẳng → “follow a straight line”.

Dòng 13-15 paragraph 1 trang 69: “they involved special behaviours

concerning preparation (such as overfeeding)”.
20 C “Overfeeding” nghĩa là việc “eat more than they need for
immediate purposes”.

4 dòng cuối paragraph 1 trang 69: “which keeps them undistracted by

temptations and undeterred by challenges that would turn other animals
aside.”
21 A
Việc “undeterred by challenges” đồng nghĩa “unlikely to be discouraged
by difficulties”.

Câu cuối cột 1 trang 69: “Right now it is totally focused on the journey, its
undivided intent is arrival.”
Việc “totally focused on the journey” đồng nghĩa “ignore distractions”.
22 E
Phần trên của paragraph cũng đưa ra ví dụ về “distractions” là “nice smelly
herring offered from a bird watcher’s boat”.

Dòng 4-6 cột 2 trang 70: “Pronghorn, dependent on distance vision and
speed to keep safe from predators”.
23 speed
“Distance vision” đồng nghĩa “eyesight”.

Dòng 6-11 paragraph 2 trang 70: “One population, which spends the
summer in the mountainous Grand Teton National Park of the western
USA, follows a narrow route from its summer range in the mountains,
24 plains
across a river, and down onto the plains.” Vậy hè thì nhóm này sống ở
“national park”, và đông thì di cư xuống “the plains”.

Dòng 7-4 từ dưới lên cột 1 trang 70: “These pronghorn are notable for the
invariance of their migration route and the severity of its constriction at
25 bottlenecks three bottlenecks.”
Vậy “migration route” của loài này phải đi qua “three bottlenecks”.

THE SOL IELTS | THE SOL EDUCATION – ĐÀO TẠO IELTS CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO 17
 Dòng 7-11 cột 2 trang 70: “At one of the bottlenecks, forested hills rise to
form a V, leaving a corridor of open ground only about 150 metres wide,
corridor/ filled with private home.”
26
passageway Vậy “private homes” được xây ở một “corridor” (cũng có thể điền đáp án
“passageway”).

III. PASSAGE 3

Câu Đáp án Giải thích

Câu đầu đoạn D: “Other scientists have written books to explain their
fields to nonscientists, but have necessarily had to omit the mathematics,
although it provides the foundation of their theories.” Việc “omit the
27 D
mathematics” nghĩa là bỏ đi phần toán học → coi người đọc “lack
of mathematical knowledge”.

Câu đầu paragraph 2 đoạn B: “In that respect, this book differs from most
books on mathematics written for the general public.” Vậy đây là cách
28 B
mà quyển sách nào “is not a typical books about mathematics”.

2 paragraph đầu đoạn G: “A physician wrote…” và “a lawyer made the

same point”.
29 G
Đây là 2 “personal examples” của việc toán giúp công việc của họ.

Câu cuối đoạn C: “To illustrate our human potential, I cite a structural
engineer who is an artist, an electrical engineer who is an opera singer,
an opera singer who published mathematical research, and a
mathematician who publishes short stories.”
30 C
Đây là các ví dụ của “people who each had abilities that seemed
incompatible” (“incompatible” nghĩa là không tương thích → các kỹ năng
có vẻ không liên quan như “opera singer” và “electrical engineer”).

3 dòng cuối đoạn B: “Some present the lives of colorful mathematicians.

Other describe the important applications of mathematics. Yet others go
into mathematical procedures, but assume that the reader is adept in
31 B
using algebra.”
Đây là liệt kê các “different focus” của sách về toán học.

Dòng 4-5 đoạn E: “You will turn these pages much more slowly than when
reading a novel or a newspaper.”
32 E
“A novel” và “a newspaper” là các “other kinds of publication”.

Câu cuối paragraph 1 đoạn A: “Anyone can understand every step in the
reasoning.”
33 A
“Every step” → mọi bước → “the whole of the book”.

THE SOL IELTS | THE SOL EDUCATION – ĐÀO TẠO IELTS CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO 18
 Câu đầu đoạn F: “As I wrote, I kept in mind two types of readers”. Vậy đây
34 F là “different categories of intended readers”.

3 dòng đầu đoạn A: “Occasionally, in some difficult musical compositions,

there are beautiful, but easy parts - parts so simple a beginner could play
35 beginner
them. So it is with mathematics as well.”

Dòng 3-5 đoạn A: “There are some discoveries in advanced mathematics

that do not depend on specialized knowledge, not even on algebra,
36 arithmetic geometry, or trigonometry. Instead they may involve, at most, a little
arithmetic”.

Câu cuối đoạn A: “Thus all readers will have the chance to participate in a
mathematical experience, to appreciate the beauty of mathematics, and
to become familiar with its logical, yet intuitive, style of thinking.”
37 intuitive
“Analytical” (phân tích) đồng nghĩa “logical” (hợp lý) → điều còn lại là
“intuitive”.

Câu đầu đoạn D: “Other scientists have written books to explain their
fields to nonscientists, but have necessarily had to omit the mathematics,
although it provides the foundation of their theories.”
38 scientists
Việc “omit the mathematics” đồng nghĩa “leave out the mathematics”.
“Provides the foundation” đồng nghĩa “central to their theories”.

Câu cuối đoạn E: “It may help to have a pencil and paper ready to check
claims and carry out experiments”.
39 experiments
“Carry out experiments” đồng nghĩa “perform experiments”.

Dòng 2-4 paragraph 2 đoạn G: “I attribute much of my success there to

having learned, through the study of mathematics, and, in particular,
theorems, how to analyze complicated principles.”
“In particular” → đặc biệt là phần này → “even more than other”. Vậy thứ
40 theorems
trong “areas of mathematics” mà đã giúp nhiều nhất là “theorems”.
*Lưu ý: trong đề bài dùng là “other areas of mathematics” → đáp án cũng
là một “area of mathematics”.

THE SOL IELTS | THE SOL EDUCATION – ĐÀO TẠO IELTS CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO 19
TEST 4 - CAMBRIDGE 11
I. PASSAGE 1

Câu Đáp án Giải thích

Câu cuối paragraph 1 trang 87: “Any differences between them - one
twin having younger looking skin, for example - must be due to
environmental factors such as less time spent in the sun.”
1 False
Vậy “differences in how young the skin of identical twins looks” là do
“environmental factors” chứ không phải “genetic”.

Văn bản không so sánh khả năng mắc bệnh của “twins” với “non-twin”.
2 Not Given
Văn bản không nói về việc Bouchard có “advertised in newspaper” hay
3 True không.

Câu đầu paragraph 2 trang 88: “Epigenetic processes are chemical

reactions tied to neither nature nor nurture but representing what
researchers have called a ‘thir component’.”
4 True
“Nature” ở đây là “genetic” và “nurture” là “environmental
processes''.

Dòng 3-5 cột 2 trang 87: “when the English scientist Francis Galton first
suggested the approach (and coined the phrase ‘nature and nurture’)”.
5 A
“Coined the phrase” nghĩa là đặt tên cho cụm từ → “invented a term”.

Câu đầu paragraph cuối trang 88: “Having said that, Reed adds, the
latest work in epigenetics promises to take our understanding even
further.”
6 C
“Take our understanding even further” đồng nghĩa “increase our
knowledge”.

4 dòng đầu paragraph 4 trang 87: “The idea of using twins to measure
the influence of heredity dates back to 1875, when the English scientist
7 B Francis Galton first suggested the approach. “The approach” là việc
“measure the influence of heredity”.

3 dòng đầu paragraph 6 trang 88: “Reed credits Thomas Bouchard’s

work for today’s surge in twin studies. ‘He was the trailblazer,’ she
says”. “Trailblazer” là người tiên phong → đồng nghĩa “pioneered”.
8 A
*Lưu ý: nếu không biết từ “trailblazer” thì có thể đoán được qua việc
“credits Thomas Bouchard’s work for today’s surge in twin studies” →
do ông này mà việc “twin studies” trở nên như bây giờ.

THE SOL IELTS | THE SOL EDUCATION – ĐÀO TẠO IELTS CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO 20
 Dòng 7-13 paragraph 4 trang 87: “with the arrival of studies into
identical twins who had been separated at birth and reunited as adults.
Over two decades 137 sets of twins eventually visited Thomas
Bouchard’s lab in what became know as the Minnesota Study of Twins
9 B
Reared Apart.”
“Separated at birth and reunited as adults” đồng nghĩa “who had lived
apart”.

Dòng 1-2 paragraph 2 trang 88: “Epigenetic processes are chemical

reactions”. → Trong “epigenetic processes” thì thứ gây ảnh hưởng là
10 D - chemicals
“chemicals”.

Câu cuối paragraph 4 trang 88: “Other epigenetic processes appear to

occur randomly, while others are normal, such as those that guide
embryonic cells as they become heart, brain, or liver cells, for
11 B - organs
example.”
“Heart, brain, or liver cells” là các “internal organs”.

Câu đầu paragraph 4 trang 88: “One way the study of epigenetics is
revolutionizing our understanding of biology is by revealing a
E- mechanism by which the environment directly impacts on genes.”
12
environment “The environment directly impacts on genes” đồng nghĩa “genes can
be affected by our environment”.

Dòng 6-10 paragraph 4 trang 88: “when a rat experiences stress during
pregnancy, it can cause epigenetic changes in a fetus that lead to
F - behaviour/ behavioral problems as the rodent grows up.”
13
behavior “Behavioral problems” đồng nghĩa “problems in its
behaviour/behavior”.

II. PASSAGE 2

Câu Đáp án Giải thích

Câu đầu paragraph 1 trang 91: “Though we might think of film as an

essentially visual experience, we really cannot afford to underestimate
the importance of film sound.”
14 B
“Cannot afford to underestimate the importance of film sound” đồng
nghĩa với đáp án B.

Dòng 7-10 paragraph 2 trang 91: “Thus, for example, the actor Humphrey
15 A Bogart is the character Sam Spade; film personality and life personality
seem to merge.”

THE SOL IELTS | THE SOL EDUCATION – ĐÀO TẠO IELTS CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO 21
 “Film personality and life personality seem to merge” đồng nghĩa “actor
and character appearing to have similar personalities”.

Dòng 9-12 và 4 dòng cuối paragraph 3 trang 91: “For example, in the
highly successful science fiction film 2001, little dialogue was evident, and
most of it was banal and of little intrinsic interest.” và “inadequacy of
human responses when compared with the magnificent technology
16 B
created by man and the visual beauties of the universe”.
Vậy đây là một ví dụ về việc lời thoại phim có vẻ nhạt nhẽo nhưng mang
một dụng ý khác.

Dòng 4-8 paragraph 4 trang 91: “This use of dialogue underscores not only
the dizzy quality of the character played by Katherine Hepburn, but also
the absurdity of the film itself and thus its humor.”
17 D
“The absurdity of the film itself and thus its humor” chính là “key elements
of the film”.

4 dòng cuối paragraph 1 trang 92: “the sound mixer may call attention to
the ‘click’ with an increase in volume; this helps to engage the audience
in a moment of suspense.”
18 C
Đây là việc chỉnh sửa âm thanh (“sound mixer”) để thay đổi phản ứng của
khán giả.

4 dòng đầu paragraph 3 trang 92: “We are probably all familiar with
background music in films, which has become os ubiquitous as to be
noticeable in its absence.”
19 True
“Noticable in its absence” → dễ nhận thấy khi không có → “be surprised
if a film lacks”.

Dòng 9-10 paragraph 3 trang 92: “In addition, background music often
foreshadows a change in mood.”
20 True “Foreshadows a change in mood” đồng nghĩa “anticipate a development
in a film”.

Văn bản không so sánh “effect” của “background music” giữa người với
21 Not Given người.

Câu đầu paragraph 4 trang 92: “Background music may aid viewer
22 True understanding by linking scenes.”

Dòng 6-9 paragraph cuối trang 92: “The effects of sound are often largely
subtle and often are noted by only our subconscious minds.”
23 False
“Often are noted by only our subconscious minds” → “be aware” là sai.

THE SOL IELTS | THE SOL EDUCATION – ĐÀO TẠO IELTS CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO 22
 Dòng 10-13 paragraph 1 trang 91: “These three tracks must be mixed and
balanced so as to produce the necessary emphases which in turn create
desired effects.”
24 C
Việc “create desired effects” ở đây nghĩa là tạo tác động thích hợp (lên
khán giả) → “the audience’s response”.

4 dòng đầu paragraph 2 trang 91: “As is the case with stage drama,
dialogues serves to tell the story and expresses feelings and motivations
25 A
of characters as well.”

Câu đầu paragraph 3 trang 91: “When voice textures fit the performer’s
physiognomy and gestures, a whole and very realistic persona emerges.”
“Voice textures fit the performer’s physiognomy and gestures” đồng
26 E nghĩa “the actor’s appearance, voice and moves are consistent with each
other.” “A whole and very realistic persona emerges” đồng nghĩa
“a character seems to be a real person”.

III. PASSAGE 3

Câu Đáp án Giải thích

Dòng 3-5 đoạn A: “Compared to language, all other inventions pale in
significance, since everything we have ever achieved depends on
language and originates from it.”
27 vi “All other inventions pale in significance” → “language is the most
important invention”. Đây là lí do mà “language is the most important
invention of all”.

Dòng 1-2 đoạn B: “In its own right is a tool of extraordinary sophistication,
yet based on an idea of ingenious simplicity”.
28 iv “Extraordinary sophistication” và “ingenious simplicity” là 2 “apparently
incompatible characteristics”.

Câu cuối đoạn C: “But run them through the cogs and wheels of the
language machine, let it arrange them in some very special orders, and
there is nothing that these meaningless streams of air cannot do: from
sighing the interminable boredom of existence to unravelling
29 ii the fundamental order of the universe.”
“From sighing the interminable boredom of existence to unravelling the
fundamental order of the universe” → “convey a huge range of
meaning”.

Câu đầu đoạn D: “The most extraordinary thing about language, however,
is that one doesn’t have to be a genius to set its wheels in motion.” Vậy
30 vii
ai cũng có thể dùng được “language” → “the universal ability to use
language”.

THE SOL IELTS | THE SOL EDUCATION – ĐÀO TẠO IELTS CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO 23
 Câu đầu đoạn E: “Often, it is only the estrangement of foreign tongues,
with their many exotic and outlandish features, that brings home the
wonder of language’s design.”
31 i “Estrangement” ở đây là sự khác biệt → “differences”. “Brings home the
wonder of language’s design” đồng nghĩa “highlight their
impressiveness”.

3 dòng cuối đoạn F: “The technology is so fine-tuned then that even a

non-sound, when carefully placed in a particular position, has been
invested with a specific function.”
32 v
“Non sound” là “silence”. “Invested with a specific function” đồng nghĩa
“be meaningful”.

Dòng 2-3 đoạn A: “Other inventions - the wheel, agriculture, sliced bread
- may have transformed our material existence”.
33 E - material “Transformed our material existence” đồng nghĩa “had a major impact
on material aspects of life”.

Dòng 3-5 đoạn A: “Compared to language, all other inventions pale in

significance, since everything we have ever achieved depends on
language and originates from it.”
G-
34 “Everything we have ever achieved depends on language and originates
fundamental
from it” nghĩa là mọi thứ chúng ta đạt được đều phụ thuộc hoặc bắt
nguồn từ ngôn ngữ → “Language” là “fundamental” (cơ bản).

2 dòng đầu đoạn B: “In its own right is a tool of extraordinary

sophistication, yet based on an idea of ingenious simplicity”.
“Ingenious simplicity” được giải thích ở phần sau là vì có ít “twenty-five
35 B - complex
or thirty sounds” → “composed of just a small number of sounds”.
“Extraordinary sophistication” đồng nghĩa “complex”.

Câu đầu đoạn D: “The most extraordinary thing about language, however,
is that one doesn’t have to be a genius to set its wheels in motion.”
F – easy
36 “Doesn’t have to be a genius to set its wheels in motion” → dễ dùng →
“easy to use”.

Câu cuối đoạn A: “Without language, we could never have embarked on

our ascent to unparalleled power over all other animals, and even over
nature itself.”
37 No
“Unparalleled power over all other animals” chính là “their present
position”. Vậy “might have achieved” là sai.

Dòng 6-8 đoạn B: “This was how, in 1660, the renowned French
38 Yes grammarians of the PortRoyal abbey near Versailles distilled the essence
of language”.

THE SOL IELTS | THE SOL EDUCATION – ĐÀO TẠO IELTS CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO 24
 “Distilled the essence” ở đây nghĩa là nắm được bản chất của ngôn ngữ
→ “did justice to the nature of language”.
“Do justice to something” nghĩa là thể hiện một thứ gì đó đúng, chính
xác.

Given Văn bản không so sánh sự rõ ràng của việc “explained in a sentence”
39 Not và “in a single word”.

Câu đầu đoạn F: “And if that sounds like some one-off freak, then consider
Sumerian, the language spoken on the banks of the Euphrates some
5,000 years ago by the people who invented writing and thus enabled
40 Yes the documentation of history.”
“Enabled the documentation of history” nghĩa là cho phép sự ghi chép
lịch sử → “responsible for starting the recording of events”.

THE SOL IELTS | THE SOL EDUCATION – ĐÀO TẠO IELTS CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO 25
 THE SOL EDUCATION
ÁP DỤNG NGHIÊN CỨU QUỐC TẾ TRONG QUÁ TRÌNH GIẢNG DẠY NGÔN NGỮ

CÁC KHÓA HỌC TẠI THE SOL EDUCATION

THE SOL IELTS | THE SOL EDUCATION – ĐÀO TẠO IELTS CHẤT LƯỢNG CAO 26