Austin, ‘federation with a centralising ten. dency’ by Ivor Jennings and so on. _— 5, Parliamentary Form of Government ‘The Constitution of India has opted for the British Parliamentary System of Government rather than American Presidential System of Government. The parliamentary system is based on the principle of co-operation and co-ordination between the legislative and executive organs while the presidential system is based on the doctrine of separation, of powers between the two organs. ; f€ parliamentary system is also known as the ‘Westminster’ Model of Govern- ment, responsible Government and Cabinet Government, The Constitution establishes the parliamentary system not only at the Centre, but also in the states. The features of parliamentary government in India are: (a) Presence of nominal and real executives; (b) Majority party rule, (©) Collective responsibility of the executive to the legislature, (d) Membership of the ministers in the legislature, (€) Leadership of the Prime Minister or the Chief Minister, (f) Dissolution of the lower House (Lok Sabha or Assembly). Byen though the Indian parliamentary system is largely based on the British pat- tern, there are some fundamental differ- ences between the two. For example, the a Ot a soverei ly like the British Parliament., Further, the india an elected head (republic) Salient Features of the Constitution 6, Synthesis of Parli Sovereignty and Judici ‘The doctrine of sovere’ associated with the Britis the principle of judicial sup US.\This is because the American provides for ‘due pr of procedure established by law’ cont the Indian Constitution (Article 21)- Therefore, the framers se Constitution have preferred a proper + thesis between the British principle of par liamentary sovereignty and the principle of judicial supremacy. The Court, on the one hand, can declare liamentary laws as unconstitutional th its power of judicial review. The Pz portion of the Constitution through i it stituent power, 7. Integrated and Independent Judiciary judicial system that independent. The Supreme Court st the integrated judicial level. Under a high cou of subordinate cour and other of courts