HANOI UNIVERSITY

OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

──────── * ───────

REPORT
TECHNOLOGY ENGENEERING

SMART CAR MONITORING SYSTEM

USING ARDUINO

Class code: 131298

Teacher : Ms. Nguyễn Thị Phương Mai
Group: 5
Student:

Numbe Full Name Student ID Email Class

r
1 Trịnh Quang Duy 20207667 Duy.tq207667@ IT-VUW02
sis.hust.edu.vn
Phạm Ngọc Đạt dat.pn187304@si IT-
2 20187304 s.hust.edu.vn VUW17B
Nguyễn Khánh Duy.nk187316
Duy @sis.hust.edu.v IT-
3 20187316 n VUW17B

Ha Noi, 13 month 07 year 2023

List of students performing:
STT Name
1 Trịnh Quang Duy
2 Phạm Ngọc Đạt
3 Trần Minh Hoàn
Work
Diagrams (Proposed System Architecture)
Hardware description(Relay,GPS,GMS)
Advantages and disadvantages
1.Abstract
2.Introduction
Diagrams(Alcohol sensor,LCD
display,FSM)
Conclusion
Diagrams(System flowchart,Block diagram),
Hardware description( Microcontroller)
References
Contents
1. Abstract.............................................................................................................................. 4
2. Introduction........................................................................................................................ 4
3. Diagrams............................................................................................................................. 5
3.1 Proposed System Architecture........................................................................................5
3.2 System flowchart............................................................................................................ 6
3.3 Block diagram................................................................................................................ 7
3.4. FSM (finite state machine).............................................................................................8
4.Hardware descripsion........................................................................................................... 8
4.1. LCD Display :............................................................................................................... 9
4.2. Microcontroller :........................................................................................................... 9
4.3.Relay :........................................................................................................................... 9
4.4. GPS (Global Positioning System) :...............................................................................10
4.5. GMS Modem :............................................................................................................11
4.6. Alcohol Sensor:........................................................................................................... 12
5. Advantages and disadvantages...........................................................................................12
5.1 Advantages.................................................................................................................. 12
5.2 Disadvantages..............................................................................................................12
6. Conclusion......................................................................................................................... 13
7.Input/Output...................................................................................................................... 13
8.References.......................................................................................................................... 14
1. Abstract

-Security in travel is primary concern for everyone. This Project describes a

design of effective information system that can monitor an automotive / vehicle / car
condition in traveling. This project is designed to inform about the location of vehicle,
accident that is occurred to a vehicle to the family members of the traveling persons
and leakage of gases from the vehicle which in turn causes accidents. This project
uses accelerometer sensor which can detect the unevenness of vehicle and vibrations
when an accident is occurred. This sends a signal to microcontroller. Vehicle accident
detection system using GSM and GPS modems is done. Messages notifications are
sent to the mobile number which is prescribed. This monitoring system is composed
of a GPS receiver, arduino and a GSM Modem. GPS Receiver gets the geo satellite
information satellites in the form of latitude and longitude. The arduino processes this
information and this processed information is sent to the user/owner using GSM
modem . A GSM modem is interfaced to the MCU. Heat sensor used to detect
temperature level and leakage of harmful gases in the vehicle.

2. Introduction
-Major deaths occur due to the road accidents in all over the world. According
to the recent Surveys it is stated that these can be reduced by proper implementation
of the IOT systems and based on notification systems also. It can only reduce the
deaths after accidents but we cannot manage the behaviors of the drivers such as
alcohol driving and drug addicted persons drive etc.

-These behaviors cannot be controlled. Automatic detection of crashes is

largely applied in various automobile industries such as tesla one of the leading
example. The core principle of the project is to reduce the number deaths which
caused due to lack of proper treatment at the right time. The system is currently in an
unpolished level. That is the complete end product has to be made only with the help
of industries. In order to make these we need to reduce the dimensions of the system
and also the cost with which it is implemented.

-Furthermore advancement can also be made using ultrasonic sensors and

cameras. According to the study conducted by the Ministry of Transport and
Highways, large numbers of accidents are driver-caused road accidents are attributed
to over speeding or due to alcohol or drug consumption. These clearly bring to light
the gravity of the situation and the enormous responsibility of vehicle drivers towards
causing road accidents.
 -The prevention part involves, switching off automobile if the driver does not
wears seat belt or in case of alcohol consumption and also tracks the condition of road
using Accelerometer. The detection part involves, when a vehicle faces accident,
immediately vibration sensor will detect the signal and Microcontroller connected
which is further connected to android app installed on smartphone sends the alert
message through the GSM modem including the location of vehicle tracked by GPS
and to near-by hospital, police station, mechanic and relatives of victim. Smoke sensor
and Seat Belt sensor is used for accident prevention.

Smoke sensor senses the gas leakage in car and Seat Belt Sensor detects
whether driver is wearing the seat belt or not. If the seal belt sensor conditions
matches then the motor will start resulting in the engine of vehicle to start else the
motor doesn’t start. Vibration sensor is used for accident detection. Vibration sensor
detects the vibration then the vehicle was accident detected.

Hardware unit is connected to mobile applications via Bluetooth.

Accelerometer is used to detect the bumps and potholes present on the road. Through
Wi-Fi all the data is sent to server.
3. Diagrams

3.1 Proposed System Architecture

3.2 System flowchart

 3.3 Block diagram

In our proposed system our efforts to detect drunk-ness of driver and if they have
drunked then prevent them from driving and notifying this detection of alcoholic
driver to near police station who are suffering for identifying drunken driver and give
punishment. Along with this scheme we are also going to monitor behavior of vehicle
in both inside and outside of vehicle. Along provide help to driver when in case
accident happened by sending message to ambulance, police station and relative of
driver also.

3.4. FSM (finite state machine)

FMS Controller in IoT Vehicle Tracking System:
A Fleet Management System (FMS) controller in an IoT-based Vehicle Tracking
System enhances the capabilities of the tracking system by providing additional
functionalities for managing and monitoring a fleet of vehicles
4.Hardware descripsion

- List of components:

+ LCD display

+ Microcontroller

+ GSM

+ GPS

+ Alcohol sensor(MQ-3)

+Relay

4.1. LCD Display :

The LCD display is fitted inside the car and this LCD display is act as indicator
to driver and other people who are sitting inside the car.
 4.2. Microcontroller :

In this system we are using Arduino board which has advantageous features in
which microcontroller ATmega328 are present which is to be using for
controlling system .The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the
ATmega328.ATmega

4.3.Relay :

Relay is used to turn off the ignition system by passing low power signal to
ignition system .that’s mean when alcohol detected power signal is triggered..

4.4. GPS (Global Positioning System) :

GPS is a global positioning system which is used to get the location of particular
object in latitude and longitude. we are going to use GPS system to send position
information to police and relative of driver when alcohol detected as well as accident
happen then location, Vehicle no. is send to police station ,relative and ambulance for
providing treatment immediately or as early as possible
 And also police can track driver if alcohol detected, to give punishment. The
Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system consists of a
network of 24 satellites located into orbit. GPS works in any weather circumstances at
anywhere in the world. Normally no subscription fees or system charges to use GPS.
A GPS receiver must be locked on to the signal of at least three satellites to
estimate2D position International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology
and track movement. With four or more satellites in sight, the receiver can determine
the user's 3D position (latitude, longitude and altitude).
Once the vehicle position has been calculated, the GPS unit can determine
other information like, speed, distance to destination, time and other. GPS receiver is
used for this research work to detect the vehicle location and provide information to
responsible person through GSM technology.

4.5. GMS Modem :

Applications like SMS Control, data transfer, remote control and logging can
be developed easily. The modem can either be connected to PC serial port directly or
to any microcontroller. Heartbeat abnormal condition when detected then this message
is send to relative as well as ambulance , alcohol detected is also send to relative and
police station with car no and location using GPS system.
 4.6. Alcohol Sensor:
The alcohol sensor will detect the alcohol content from human (driver) breath
and send it’s value to microcontroller

5. Advantages and disadvantages

5.1 Advantages
1.Real-time Vehicle Tracking: The GPS component of the system allows for
accurate real-time tracking of the vehicle's location. This can be useful for fleet
management, theft prevention, and monitoring vehicle usage.
2.Improved Safety: The system can provide alerts and notifications for various
safety-related parameters, such as overspeeding, sudden acceleration or deceleration,
and harsh braking. This helps promote safer driving habits and can contribute to
reducing accidents.
3.Maintenance and Diagnostics: The monitoring system can gather data on the
vehicle's performance, including engine parameters, fuel consumption, and battery
health. This information can be used to schedule regular maintenance, detect potential
issues early, and optimize the vehicle's performance.

5.2 Disadvantages
1.Cost: The implementation of a smart car monitoring system can involve
expenses related to hardware components, installation, and ongoing maintenance. The
cost may vary depending on the specific requirements and features desired.
2.Privacy Concerns: The monitoring system collects and stores data about the
vehicle and its location. This raises privacy concerns, especially if the data is not
handled securely or used inappropriately. It is important to establish clear policies and
safeguards for data protection.
3.Reliance on GPS Signal: The GPS functionality of the system relies on a
stable and accurate GPS signal. In areas with weak or obstructed GPS reception, such
as tunnels or urban canyons, the system's effectiveness may be compromised.

6. Conclusion

Proposed system will efficiently detect alcohol through driver breath and stop
the vehicle by suspending the ignition, instead of directly stopping the vehicle.
Proposed system can notify relatives of driver, police station. Future scope of this
system is it can also check whenever the accident happens will notify immediately to
the numbers provided in application by the end user and therefore people in the car
can get service as early as possible by minimizing the casualties. To implement this
approach GSM system can be used, it will also help police to identify drunken drivers
and give punishment them by tracking it’s vehicle using GPS system.
7.Input/Output

Figure10.system input/output signal

-The main components involved in this project are the NodeMCU ESP8266,
NEO-6M GPS Receiver, and a 16x2 LCD. Let's explore the device input and output
signals used in this system:

+Device Input: The input signal in this project comes from the NEO-6M GPS
module. The NEO-6M GPS module continuously receives data from GPS satellites
and provides the real-time location coordinates in the NMEA format. The NMEA
(National Marine Electronics Association) sentences, specifically the $GPGGA
sentence, contain the essential location data, including latitude, longitude, altitude, and
timestamp.
+The NEO-6M GPS module communicates with the NodeMCU ESP8266
board through UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter)
communication. The UART pins on the NEO-6M module (RX and TX) are connected
to the corresponding UART pins on the NodeMCU board, allowing the GPS module
to send location data to the NodeMCU for further processing.

-Device Output: The output signal in this project is displayed on a 16x2 LCD.
The NodeMCU ESP8266 processes the incoming GPS location data received from the
NEO-6M module and extracts the necessary information, such as latitude and
longitude.
+The extracted location data is then displayed on the 16x2 LCD using the I2C
protocol. An I2C module is used to interface the 16x2 LCD with the NodeMCU
board, reducing the number of required pins for communication. The I2C pins (SDA
and SCL) on the I2C module are connected to the corresponding pins on the
NodeMCU board, allowing for easy communication between the NodeMCU and the
LCD.
+In summary, the NEO-6M GPS module acts as the input device, continuously
providing real-time location data to the NodeMCU ESP8266 through UART
communication. The NodeMCU processes this data and uses the I2C interface to
output the location information to the 16x2 LCD, allowing the user to view the
vehicle's real-time location on the LCD screen.

8.References

-Daniel. W. Lewis, “Fundamental of embedded software”, prentice hall of India,

2004.

- William Stalling, “Wireless Communication and Networks”, 2nd edition, prentice

hall of India, 2005.

-Chen, H., Chiang, Y. Chang, F. H. Wang, Toward RealTime Precise Point

Positioning: Differential GPS Based on IGS Ultra Rapid Product, SICE Annual
Conference, The Grand Hotel, Taipei, Taiwan August 18-21, (2010).