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TI TMS5220 Emulator
(c) Frank Palazzolo
Updated by Raphael Nabet

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The TI TMS5220 Speech chip uses Linear-Predictive decoding scheme to produce

speech from very compact data. This scheme is very similar to the U.S.
Federal Standard LPC-10e coding system, which was developed soon after
this chip.

It is virtually identical to the chip used in the landmark "Speak 'N Spell"
toy produced in the '70s.

Acknowledgements:
-----------------

I would like to thank Larry Brantingham, the original designer of the chip,
for his technical help.

I would also like to thank Neill Cortlett, who first showed that this chip
could be emulated in real-time in his Multi-Gauntlet Emulator.

Theory of operation:
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The TI speech chip contains a 128-bit parallel-in, serial-out FIFO, a

10-pole digital lattice filter which models the vocal tract, and a D/A
converter. It was originally design to operate either with a microcomputer
interface, or with a serial speech ROM. The Speech ROM functionality is
now emulated, although no arcade games require it currently.

The input data is writen a byte at a time into the chip, and it is
decoded bitwise into variable length frames.

Possible Frame Types are as follows:

Energy RF Pitch K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 K7 K8 K9 K10

-----------------------------------------------------------------

Silent 0000
Stop 1111
Repeat XXXX 1 XXXXXX
Unvoiced XXXX 0 000000 XXXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXX
Voiced XXXX 0 XXXXXX XXXXX XXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXX XXX XXX

Stop Frame: Stops the current speech

Repeat Frame: Uses the digital filter coefficients from the previous frame,
with new Energy and Pitch values
Unvoiced Frame: Uses Noise generator to feed 4 pole digital filter
(All other coefficients are set to zero)
Voiced Frame: Uses Pulse Generator to feed 10 pole digital filter

All parameters (Energy, Pitch, K1-K10) are indexes into a lookup table for
actual values (see TMS5220R.c)

K1-K10 are reflection coefficients for the lattice filter.

Each frame is used to generate 200 samples, and 8 times during each frame,
(every 25 samples), these values are linearly interpolated to smooth out
frame transitions.

The Noise generator is based on a shift-register type random-bit generator.

The Pulse generator is based on a lookup table.

API:
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TBD

More:
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For further technical info, the data sheet is floating around on the net.
(I believe the name is TMS.PDF) If you can't find a copy, email me and
I'll point you towards it. Feel free to contact me if you have a question.

Frank Palazzolo

palazzol@home.com