ANALISIS JURNAL INTERNASIONAL

MENSTRUAL CYCLE PATTERNS OF INDONESIAN ADOLESCENTS

Dosen Pengampuh : Dian Nur Adkhana Sari S.Kep.,Ns.,M.Kep

SHOFIATUNNISA

(04.21.5138)

PROGRAM STUDI ILMU KEPERAWATAN

STIKES SURYA GLOBAL YOGYAKARTA

2023
 MENSTRUAL CYCLE PATTERNS OF INDONESIAN ADOLESCENTS

ABSTRACT

Background Adolescents often experience menstrual irregularity in the first few years after
menarche. Abnormal menstrual cycles may increase the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome.
Objective To determine the menstrual cycle patterns of adolescent females in Indonesia and
associated factors.
Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at two senior high schools in Surakarta,
Central Java, from September to October 2016. Subjects were healthy female students whose
parents have given written informed consent. Girls taking hormonal drugs or with chronic
diseases were excluded. Subjects filled questionnaires on menstrual cycle, diet, ethnicity, and
physical activity. All subjects underwent anthropometric measurements (height and weight).
Kruskal-Wallis test was used for data analysis.

Results Four hundred and forty-four subjects met the inclusion criteria. Mean age at
menarche was 12.27 (SD 1.08) years. Mean menstrual cycle length was 31.1 (SD 6.5) days.
Abnormal menstrual cycle occurred in 30.6% of subjects (24.5% oligomenorrhea, 5.9%
polymenorrhea, and 0.2% amenorrhea). Ethnicity (Javanese, Chinese, or Arab) was
significantly associated with menstrual cycle category (P<0.05). Girls with Chinese ethnicity
having the largest proportion of oligomenorrhea. Other factors (body mass index, age, age at
menarche, nutritional status, physical activity, and fat intake) were not found to be associated
with menstrual cycle abnormalities.

Conclusion Menstrual abnormalities, especially oligomenorrhea, are common in Indonesian

adolescent girls. Oligomenorrhea is more frequent in girls of Chinese ethnicity, compared to
those of Javanese or Arab ethnicity.

ANALYSI JURNAL PICO

NO CRITERIA ANSWER JUSTIFICATION AND CRITICAL THINKING

1. P YES Girls from two high schools in Surakarta (SMA Negeri 3
and SMA Islam Diponegoro) were screened from
 September 2016 to October 2016. Study subjects were
healthy female students whose parents have given written
informed consent and had experienced at least three
menstrual cycles before the study period. We excluded girls
who took hormonal drugs or had chronic diseases, such as
asthma, kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, thyroid
abnormalities, or cancer. Subjects were asked to complete a
questionnaire regarding menstrual cycle and ethnicity data.
Oligomenorrhea was defined as a menstrual cycle longer
than 35 days; polymenorrhea was defined as a cycle of less
than 21 days; and amenorrhea was defined as having no
menstrual period for at least three months in a row.
2. I YES Out of 463 girls who were screened, 444 were included
as study subjects. Subject characteristics are described in.
The majority of subjects were Javanese (341 subjects;
76.8%). The subjects’ BMI ranged from 14.71 to 32.64
kg/m2. Sixty-seven subjects (15.1%) were overweight or
obese. Subjects’ mean age at menarche was 12.27 (SD
1.08) years.
Mean menstrual cycle length was 31.1 (SD 6.5) days,
ranging from 12.0 to 96.5 days. Abnormal menstrual
cycles were found in 136 (31.6%) subjects, consisting of
oligomenorrhea in 24.5%, polymenorrhea in 5.9%, and
amenorrhea in 0.2%.

3. C YES Malaysian study reported that age and being within two
years of reaching menarche, in addition to smoking and
suicidal behavior, were significantly associated with
irregular menstrual cycles. The same study did not find a
significant association between ethnic group, dieting
behavior, BMI, alcohol use, and physical exercise. In
 agreement with our results, a study in Japanese young
adults found that food habits and lifestyle were not
associated with menstrual cycle length. In contrast to our
results, a study in adolescent girls in Hyderabad, India
found that BMI was significantly associated with menstrual
patterns. A Serbian study also noted correlations between
menstrual irregularity and height, weight, BMI, and
obesity. Zhang et al. reported that older adult women
tend to have a shorter menstrual cycle length, and that
among women with a shorter cycle length (<27 days)
there was a higher frequency of abnormal BMI
(underweight or overweight). Among women in
menopausal transition, obesity was found to be
associated with longer menstrual cycles.
4. O YES There is a high prevalence of menstrual cycle
abnormalities in Indonesian adolescents (31.6%).
Clinicians may want to consider our data in determining
what constitutes a normal menstrual cycle in Indonesian
adolescents. Any abnormalities should be followed up
monitor the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome. Current
age, age at menarche, BMI, physical activity, and fat in
the diet are not associated with menstrual cycle
abnormality. Significant ethnic differences exist in the
rate of menstrual cycle abnormalities.
 CONCLUSION

Menstrual abnormalities, especially oligomenorrhea, are common in Indonesian adolescent girls.

Oligomenorrhea is more frequent in girls of Chinese ethnicity, compared to those of Javanese or
Arab ethnicity.

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