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Chapter 1 Moments of Area - 230520 - 155858
Chapter 1 Moments of Area - 230520 - 155858
CHAPTER 1: MOMENTS OF
AREA
Or
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1.1.1 Locating the centroid of a solid material
a. If an area is symmetric about an axis, the
centroid must lie on that axis because the first
moment about an axis of symmetry equals zero.
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b. If an area has two axes of symmetry, the position
of the centroid can be determined by intersection
of the axes of symmetry.
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c. If an area possesses a center of symmetry O, the
first moment of the area about any axis through O is
zero.
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Example 1.1 a
Determine the 1st moment of area of a rectangular
area shown in figure E1.1a
O b
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Example 1.1 b
For the triangular figure E1.1b, determine
a. the 1st moment Qx of area
b. the ordinate 𝑦 of the centroid of the area.
y
x
b
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Example 1.1 c
A parabolic semisegment OAB is bounded by the x
axis, the y-axis, and a parabolic curve having its
vertex at A (figure E1.1c). The equation of the curve is
𝑥2
𝑦 =𝑓 𝑥 =ℎ 1− 2
𝑏
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1.2 First moment and Centroid of Composite Area
To find the Centroid of area A, it will
be prudent to divide it into simple
geometric shapes shown below.
A
O
The 1st moment of A wrt the x-axis is
A2
Therefore,
A3
A1
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For any # of component areas, we can write
20
.C
Example 1.2a 60
Determine the 1st moment through the A
centroidal axes and hence locate 40
20 20
the centroid C of area A.
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Example 1.2 b
Find the centroid of the
unequal angle 200 × 150 ×
12 mm shown in
figure E1.2b
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Example 1.2 c
Locate the centroid of the
material shown in figure
1.2c.
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1.3 Second Moment of Area (Moments of Inertia)
and Radius of Gyration
Consider area A located in the
xy plane and an element dA of
coordinates x and y.
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The radii of gyration wrt x and y axes are:
Example 1.3a y
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Example 1.3b
Determine the moment of inertia Ix and Iy for the
parabolic semisegment OAB
shown in the figure. The equation
of the parabolic boundary is
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1.4 Second Moment of Composite Area
The moment of Inertia of composite area wrt any axis
is the sum of the moment of inertia of its parts wrt to
that same axis.
Example 1.4a
Consider the hollow box section in
figure E1.4a shown below.
Determine the moment of inertia
with respect to the x-axis
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Example 1.4b
A semicircular area of radius 150 mm has a rectangular
cutout of dimensions 50 mm × 100 mm (see figure
E1.4b). Calculate the moments of inertia Ix and Iy with
respect to the x and y axes. Also, calculate the
corresponding radii of gyration rx and ry.
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1.5 Polar moment of Inertia
Consider an axis perpendicular to the
plane area in figure 1.8 and intersecting
the plane at the origin O.
The moment of inertia with respect to this
perpendicular axis is called the polar moment of inertia
denoted by Ip and
Therefore,
𝐼𝑝 = 𝜌2 𝑑𝐴 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝐴 = 𝑥 2 𝑑𝐴 + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝐴
𝐼𝑝 = 𝐼𝑥 + 𝐼𝑦
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1.7 Parallel axis theorem for moment of inertia
Consider an area of arbitrary shape
with centroid C (figure 1.9). We
will also consider two sets of
coordinate axes: (1) the xcyc axes
with origin at centroid, and (2) a set
of parallel xy axes with origin at
any point O. The distances between the two sets of
parallel axes are denoted by d1 and d2.
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We can write the equation for the moment of inertia
Ix with respect to the x-axis:
This reduces to
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Example 1.7a
Using figure E1.7a,
(a) Determine the centroidal
polar moment of inertia of the
circular area by direct integration.
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Example 1.7b
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Example 1.7 c
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THANK
YOU
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