CHAPTER INTERACTIONS IN ECOSYSTEMS

14 Chapter Test A

Multiple Choice
Choose the letter of the best answer. (15 credits)

1. Zebras live on the savannas of Africa. A 5. What word or phrase would be most
watering hole on the savanna would be appropriate opposite “Commensalism”
part of a zebra’s under “Organism 2”?
a. biotic factors. Symbiosis 1 Organism 1 Organism 2 Example

Mutualism Benefits Benefits Bee/Flowering

b. niche. Plant

c. habitat. Commensalism Benefits Human/

Eyelash Mite
d. behavior.

Interactions in Ecosystems
Parasitism Benefits Is Harmed Dog/Flea

FIG. 14.1
2. When two species compete for the same

CHAPTER 14
resource, they sometimes divide this a. may die over time
resource. This is an example of b. neither benefits nor is harmed
a. niche partitioning. c. benefits
b. niche equivalency. d. is harmed
c. evolutionary response.
6. Which of these is an example of
d. ecological equivalence. parasitism?
3. The mantella frog and poison dart frog a. A lion defends its territory.
occupy similar niches in similar habitats b. A squirrel stores food in a tree hole.
in different parts of the world. Because c. A leech feeds on a host’s blood.
of this, they are considered to be d. A polar bear kills and eats a seal.
a. competitors.
7. To measure population density, you
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b. the same species.

must divide the number of individuals
c. interacting populations.
living in a defined space by the
d. ecological equivalents.
a. perimeter of the area.
4. Hawks and foxes compete to eat field b. area of the space.
mice. This is a form of c. birth and death rates.
a. interspecific competition. d. carrying capacity.
b. competitive exclusion.
c. intraspecific predation.
d. random dispersion.

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 CHAPTER TEST A, CONTINUED

8. Nesting birds often space themselves 12. What type of population growth is
evenly from other nests. This pattern is shown in the graph?
called DAPHNIA POPULATION
a. clumped dispersion. GROWTH
b. uniform dispersion.

Number of Daphnia
c. random dispersion.
d. type I dispersion.

9. Which type of organism would be most

likely to have a type II survivorship
curve?
Interactions in Ecosystems

a. one that protects and cares for its

young Days
CHAPTER 14

b. one that preys on small mammals FIG. 14.2

c. one that is preyed upon throughout
its life
d. one that has high birth and infant
mortality rates
a. logistic growth
b. exponential growth
c. density-dependent growth
d. carrying capacity growth

10. Which of the following will increase the

13. Hawaii’s lush tropical forests arose from
size of a population?
a process of
a. emigration and deaths
a. succession. c. regeneration.
b. immigration and deaths
b. predation. d. destruction.
c. emigration and births
d. immigration and births 14. Pioneer species are the first

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a. trees to grow in an area that has been
11. Which of the following is a
disturbed.
density-dependent limiting factor?
b. trees that replace the original trees
a. natural disaster after a forest fire.
b. unusual weather c. organisms to live in previously
c. human activities uninhabited areas.
d. competition d. organisms to live in a forest canopy.

15. The reestablishment of a damaged

ecosystem in an area where the soil is
intact is called
a. primary succession.
b. secondary succession.
c. pioneer succession.
d. symbiotic succession.

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 CHAPTER TEST A, CONTINUED

Short Answer Use the diagram below to answer items 16–20. (5 credits)

YEAST POPULATION GROWTH IN A SUGAR

SOLUTION OVER A 20-HOUR PERIOD
Amount of yeast (mg/cc)

Interactions in Ecosystems
CHAPTER 14
Hours
FIG. 14.3

16. What type of population growth does Figure 14.3 show?

17. At what amount of yeast does the population in Figure 14.3 level off?
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18. What is the name for the maximum amount of yeast shown in Figure 14.3?

19. What would most likely happen if the concentration of the sugar solution were increased?

20. What will eventually happen to the yeast population as more and more sugar gets
consumed?

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 CHAPTER TEST A, CONTINUED

Use the diagram below to answer items 21–25. (5 credits)

MOOSE AND WOLF POPULATIONS, ISLE ROYALE NATIONAL PARK

Number of
moose
Number of
wolves
Interactions in Ecosystems
CHAPTER 14

FIG. 14.4

21. What is the moose population in 1974?

22. Is the moose population in 1974 relatively high or low?

23. Is the wolf population in 1974 increasing or decreasing?

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24. How is the change in the wolf population in 1974 related to the level of the moose
population?

25. Look at the moose and wolf population levels in 1981. Why is the wolf population
likely decreasing?

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