high.

ignoze a] Thon RT by a tom

sd too
() lhes rsswne
-
V )(v-b) =AT ) p(u- b)-RT n, m

Vm
Ve (P bohwCw.
Shos t s kind
this o
-
)

ths toneratorc is wy high Cignore d. b] Jdeal oguohir

Re (IL) lken a '9moved anol ue can ws
this conaitio? boh tyu
at
Sane
PV= RT t Pb
T r(v-b) RT =)
(2.)+ ignoed
OMPRESSICRITICAL PHENOMENON

nRTe

u t i a lt o
VIRIAL EQUAT |ON OF STATE notoo dy kammanbingh
esl gases
most gerenal eguatisn g stae Jor
ical
1" wria. co. : RT PVm Vm Vm

This iial stato fression san also Ao enesseo 3jin ho

2
4 A4(T)P
1wirial of. RT PV RT|i A;l)et A, (T)p
oitial

aluays (-)ve ano inoeases ith inveae

Wyial coHicnt RT
in turnhn atui.
sUone iialc i u t s -ve at low temhatwo, hecomes Oot a ha
RT

icuas tumuatww and at hig h tenhvatwu becames (*)ve,.

Th umhewat at uhih gd iial .coiint bausnes ois tallec
BoYLES TEMPERATURE.
all
The
thy sial ignifiame feut wiial coyiant s that it ngects
malutan aisiGws.
bo wndal coiint aUsns for ony bimolecwian ot callsis.
Thine witial wint accounts loy tonmalocuHa olsions. anc so n.
uuj Enpand the vandowaals eguato asas aa poue series i
houuen series & doclua

Vanolwasls eg" for mol » (P* )(P-gb)= RT :)

P= RT
Y
a RT RT
)
-
 RT a

b 2)
Vm Vm

) Jonhaving y
6,(T) 6T)
Vm

6, (1) =
b- aA bogyles temheatwe 6,(T) =o
RTG bR
P=
gas aguation as.
RT >) state.
Vmb m

DiS a At. dei wthe wsion Joy 8 n tums of vandeunaals cowt

CoMPRESSILITY FACTOR (Z) =)
PV = nRT
nRI Joy Jaal gas Yral
Vjdoal
it is alled hositi ue olewati n
in
eulsiw foes clominating
Vrea Videal
in this case real gases wu se less comressiblo than idal go
z< 1 7 4 is called neg attue duuiation.
in tws Case attrchs doves
in tw, case dleinarng
comfoesialo than ideal.
CRITICAL (ONST ANT AGAS OF
O outtus hoit thee ss neithen a minç mwn non a moinum, t is

gas van der

(on be wittun os -: J( b) = RT
RT = O
Vm aVm ab RT Vm
P [wubic in Vw
=) Vm
av ab
PP
Thayos
V
{or ay 4ingt va
2imoginy.
At oritial hoint Vm Ye >)
2
rnpanding and
Vmi-3vm V, t+ 3Vm V -v - 0 -O omyoring
0\bt RT 3Nc a ab
P
diiding () V 3b-( utin9 (9 in )

* (RITICAL COMPRESSI 6ILITY FACTOR (Z)

nRT ute get )z, : 3/ 2 0315

ancleuals constast
Jnathen uay to exhes oitioJ sonstats in tom f
sloe ad maimum valu must he
-RT 2

(V-b
wyt. V ) 6a
gain difountial (V-bj
(I) =0
avd at Cs :)
(Ve-b)
RTe 20 2RTe 6a
4
diuiing
ohtan T, Sa
V, = 3b’ huting
btain.
now utting values of Ve , Te in y
an