Management Plane.

Management Plan traffic is the traffic which is from the user to the device. Protocols & traffic
that an admin uses between PC & router or switch itself. For example, using SSH to monitor or
configure the Cisco Router or Switch. For security, use AAA, Authenticated NTP, SSH, syslog,
SNMPv3, Parser views. Management Plane protocols are FTP, HTTP, HTTPS, SSH, SNMP, Talent,
TFTP etc. The management plane manages traffic sent to the router or switch itself and is made
up of applications and protocols for the function of managing the devices. some of those
application or protocols are telnet, Secure Shell (SSH), Simple Network Management Protocol
(SNMP), Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP) and HTTP Secure (HTTPS). The management plane is used for access and
management of our network devices.

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Control Plan:
Control Plan traffic is the traffic which is from the device to the device. Control plane traffic is
traffic that is originated by, or destined to the router itself. Traffic that network devices send
between each other for automatic network discovery. Protocols and traffic that network
devices use on their own without direct interaction. For example, a routing protocol that can
dynamically learn and share routing information. That the router can then use to maintain an
updated routing table. If failure occurs in the control plane, router might lose the capability to
share routing info. Control Plan protocol are CDP, LLDP, ARP, OSPF, RIP, BGP, EIGRP etc. The
control plane consists of applications and protocols between network devices including
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) for layer 2 and the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), Enhanced
Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP), Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Intermediate
System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) for Layer Three. The
control plane is responsible for exchanging routing information, building the ARP table, etc.

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Data Plane:
Data Plan traffic from the user to the user. Data plane traffic that is "just passing through" to
get to other destinations. Traffic that is being forwarded through the network also called transit
traffic. Example user sending traffic from one part of network to access a server in another part.
A failure in the data plane results in the customer’s traffic not being able to be forwarded. The
data plane forwards data through a network device and does not include traffic sent to the
local router or switch.

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SD-WAN Planes:
Fundamental technique that Cisco SD-WAN utilizes is the separation of control, data, and
management planes. The solution decuples the control plane from the data plane of all WAN
edge routers and implements all control functions into a centralized software controller called
vSmart. It also decouples all management functions and implements them in a separate
centralized controller called vManage. Additionally, the solution introduces another network
“plane” that runs vertically along the other two planes - a centralized orchestration plane
implemented into a dedicated controller called vBond. Cisco vBond ensures that all devices
allowed to join the overlay fabric are authenticated and white-listed. It makes sure that the
infrastructure can be trusted and is well secured against rogue devices. The centralized
management approach allows us to control and operate the network as-a-system which is
much more efficient than the traditional distributed method.

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Control Plane:
The role of the Control Plane is to inform the routers how to send their traffic. In traditional
networking we are using routing protocols to exchange routes. Instead we have a device which
is out-of-band of all of this and that device will send all the control plane information to all of
the routers. This device called vSmart. As far as data plane concern this still resides on the edge
routers.

Management Plane:
Used of a controller to manage and maintain the environment. Login to vManage to perform all
configuration of the environment. This controller will push the configuration not just to the
data plane device but the control plane devices as well. In other words, we define the policy
here and the controller will handle the rest. For the most part we’re going to use the GUI.

Data Plane:
Because network devices do not need to store and perform complex routing calculations
anymore, more hardware resources are available for packet forwarding. The edge devices
download all necessary control and management information from the controllers and send
back network telemetry for their status.

Orchestration Plane:
We have the device called vBond. The glue that holds all of this together. vBond sits out of band
the network and it is responsible for connecting the vSmart, the vEdges to each other, vEdges
to vManage. Help the component to find one another to build this architecture.

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Traditional networking uses a distributed model for the control plane. Protocols like ARP, STP,
OSPF, EIGRP, BGP and other run separately on each network device. These network devices
communicate with each other but there is no central device that has an overview or that
controls the entire network. When you configure a wireless network, you configure everything
on the WLC which controls and configures the access points. We don’t have to configure each
access point separately anymore, it’s all done by the WLC.

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