Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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1. The Background
On 31 December 2019, WHO (World Health Organisation), was alerted to several cases of pneumonia
in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China. The virus did not match any other known virus. This raised
concern because when a virus is new, we do not know how it affects people.
One week later, on 7 January, Chinese authorities confirmed that they had identified a new virus. The
new virus is a coronavirus, which is a family of viruses that include the common cold, and viruses
such as SARS and MERS.
WHO is working closely with global experts, governments and partners to rapidly expand scientific
knowledge on this new virus, to track the spread and virulence of the virus, and to provide advice to
countries and individuals on measures to protect health and prevent the spread of this outbreak.
On 11th march WHO made the assessment that COVID-19 can be characterized as a Pandemic.
WHO assesses the risk of this outbreak to be Very High at Global level.
1.1 CAUSE:
1.2 SYMPTOMS:
• Fever
Mild cases • Dry Cough
• Breathing Difficulty
• Pneumonia
Severe Cases • Kidney Failure
• Fatality
WHO periodically updates the Global Surveillance for human infection with coronavirus disease
(COVID-19) document which includes case definitions.
Suspect case
A.
A patient with acute respiratory illness (fever and at least one sign/symptom of respiratory disease,
e.g., cough, shortness of breath), AND a history of travel to or residence in a location reporting
community transmission of COVID-19 disease during the 14 days prior to symptom onset.
OR
B.
A patient with any acute respiratory illness AND having been in contact with a confirmed or
probable COVID-19 case (see definition of contact below) in the last 14 days prior to symptom
onset;
OR
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C.
A patient with severe acute respiratory illness (fever and at least one sign/symptom of respiratory
disease, e.g., cough, shortness of breath; AND requiring hospitalization) AND in the absence of an
alternative diagnosis that fully explains the clinical presentation.
Probable case
A.
A suspect case for whom testing for the COVID-19 virus is inconclusive.
a. Inconclusive being the result of the test reported by the laboratory.
OR
B.
A suspect case for whom testing could not be performed for any reason.
Confirmed case
A person with laboratory confirmation of COVID-19 infection, irrespective of clinical signs and
symptoms.
Definition of contact
A contact is a person who experienced any one of the following exposures during the 2 days before
and the 14 days after the onset of symptoms of a probable or confirmed case:
1. Face-to-face contact with a probable or confirmed case within 1 meter and for more than
15 minutes;
2. Direct physical contact with a probable or confirmed case;
3. Direct care for a patient with probable or confirmed COVID-19 disease without using
proper personal protective equipment; OR
4. Other situations as indicated by local risk assessments.
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Older people, and people with pre-existing medical conditions (such as asthma, diabetes, heart
disease) appear to be more vulnerable to becoming severely ill with the virus.
WHO advises people of all ages to take steps to protect themselves from the virus, for example by
following good hand hygiene and good respiratory hygiene.
1. 2.
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3. 4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
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9. 10.
1.7 Attachments
• COVID-19 POSTERS
1.8 References
3. PREVENTION MEASURES:
WHO’s standard recommendations for the general public to reduce exposure to and transmission
of a range of illnesses are as follows, which include hand and respiratory hygiene, and safe food
practices:
1 Hand Washing
Hands touch many surfaces and can pick up viruses. Once contaminated, hands can transfer
the virus to your eyes, nose or mouth. From there, the virus can enter your body and can
make you sick.
For some health experts, this need to self-touch is perhaps where face masks offer a useful
form of protection. While medical masks don’t necessarily stop the virus completely, they
make it harder to touch the nose and mouth.
"Wearing a mask can reduce the tendency for people to touch their faces, which is a major
source of infection without proper hand hygiene,"
Wearing glasses and a mask may help to deter people from touching their faces.
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DO NO SHAKE HANDS.
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All shore persons coming on board the ship are potential risk.
8 Media
Calling in advance
will allow the health
If you have: Seek medical care care provider to
fever, early and share quickly direct you to
previous travel the right health
cough, history with your facility. This will also
Difficulty in health care protect you and
breathing; provider. help prevent spread
of viruses and other
infections.
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7. Managing Stress
Take breaks from watching, reading, or listening to news stories, including
social media. Hearing about the pandemic repeatedly can be upsetting. Seek
information only from trusted sources.
REMEMBER
WE ARE: -
-HEALTHY,
-STRONG, AND,
-MEDICALLY FIT
SEAFARERS
-THE GOVERNMENTS,
ARE WORKING HARD AGAINST COVID AND WE HAVE TO PLAY OUR PART BY
FOLLOWING THE BASIC PREVENTION MEASURES.
A-1. Wearing gloves offers little protection as they can still pick up the virus and spread the
contamination. And even with the most diligent of people might struggle to keep from
touching their faces completely.
Instead the World Health Organization recommends frequent hand washing, maintaining
your distance from others and avoiding physical contact such as shaking hands.
Q-2. What is the alcohol content that works against the coronavirus??
A-2. The alcohol content that works against the virus must be about 65% alcohol.
Q-5. How will we protect accommodation and indoor areas of ventilation and air condition?
A-5. As of now there is no conclusive finding that the virus is airborne.
Virus is contracted from droplets from sick persons mouth while speaking/coughing.
These droplets could be directly inhaled by person in close proimity or picked up from the
surfaces it falls on and then while touching mouth, nose, eyes, enters the body.
It is recommended to keep the accommodation well ventilated, and to NOT keep the
airconditioning in recirculation mode.
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Q-6. Can COVID-19 virus be transmitted in areas with hot and humid climates
A-6. From the evidence so far, the COVID-19 virus can be transmitted in ALL AREAS,
including areas with hot and humid weather.
Q-7. Cold weather and snow CANNOT kill the new coronavirus??
A-7. There is no reason to believe that cold weather can kill the new coronavirus or other
diseases.
Q-8. Are antibiotics effective in preventing and treating the new coronavirus??
A-8. No, antibiotics do not work against viruses, only bacteria.
The new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a virus and, therefore, antibiotics should not be used
as a means of prevention or treatment.
Q-10. How to manage disposable Covid PPE and infected person‘s linen etc.??
A-10. Covid PPE and infected person’s linen should be removed and placed with other
disposable items in sturdy, leak-proof (plastic) bags that are tied shut and not reopened.
The bags of used PPE and disposable items can then be placed into the solid waste stream
according to standard garbage management procedures.
Q-11. Which procedures to follow in case of conflicting with specific procedures for any project,
ship type or port ??
A-11. Specific procedures for any project, ship type or port are to be complied with over those
set in this plan.