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11
DRRR
QUARTER 4
Week 3

Capsulized Self-Learning Empowerment

Toolkit

Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City

Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Zamboanga City

“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”

WRITTEN BY: EDMOND S. BASILIO, SST-I
TALON-TALON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
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SUBJECT &
DRR 11 QUARTER 4 WEEK 3 DAY ________________________
GRADE/LEVEL dd/mm/yyyy

Potential Hydrometeorological Hazards: Typhoon, Thunderstorm,

TOPIC
Flash flood, Flood, Storm Surge, El Niṅo, La Niṅa
6. Recognize signs of impending hydrometeorological hazards;
(DRR11/12-IIc-d-33)
LEARNING 7. Interpret different hydrometeorological hazards maps; (DRR11/12-IIc-
COMPETENCY d-35)
8. Use available tools for monitoring hydrometeorological hazards.
(DRR11/12-IIc-d-36)
IMPORTANT: Do not write anything on this material. Write your answers on a separate
intermediate paper/s.

UNDERSTAND
Potential Hydrometeorological Hazards

What is Hydrometeorological Hazard?

According to UNISDR (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction) ,
Hydrometeorological hazard is a process or phenomenon of atmospheric, hydrological or
oceanographic nature that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property
damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental
damage.
Different types of Hydrometeorological Hazards
1. Tropical cyclones (also known as typhoons and hurricanes)
2. Thunderstorms 7. Avalanches
3. Hailstorms 8. Coastal storm surges
4. Tornadoes 9. Floods including flash floods
5. Blizzards 10. Drought
6. Heavy snowfall 11. Heat waves and cold spells

Hydrometeorological conditions also can be a factor in other hazards such as

landslides, wildland fires, locust plagues, epidemics, and in the transport and dispersal of toxic
substances and volcanic eruption material.
What are the different types of Hydrometeorological Hazards in the Philippines?

1. Typhoon– extremely large powerful, destructive storm that occurs especially in the region
of Philippines and China Sea
1. The classifications of Tropical Cyclones according to the strength of the
associated winds as adopted by PAGASA (as of 01 May 2015) are as follows:
 TROPICAL DEPRESSION (TD) - a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of up to
61 kph.
 TROPICAL STORM (TS) - a tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed of 62 to 88 kph.
 SEVERE TROPICAL STORM (STS) - a tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed of 89 to
117 kph.
 TYPHOON (TY) - a tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed of 118 to 220 kph.
 SUPER TYPHOON (STY), a tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed exceeding 220 kph.
Every year, an average of 19 tropical cyclones enters the Philippines Area of
Responsibility (PAR), and about half (9-10) make landfall in the Philippines. In the Western
Pacific Ocean, tropical cyclones can form in any month of the year.
WRITTEN BY: EDMOND S. BASILIO, SST-I
TALON-TALON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
 2

2. Thunderstorm– a violent, short-lived weather disturbance that is almost always

associated with lightning, thunder, dense clouds, heavy rain or hail, and strong, gusty
winds.
3. Flood– An overflow of water onto normally dry land. The inundation of a normally dry area
caused by rising water in an existing waterway, such as a river, stream, or drainage ditch.
4. Flash flood– A flood caused by heavy or excessive rainfall in a short period of time,
generally less than 6 hours. Flash floods are usually characterized by raging torrents after
heavy rains that rip through river beds, urban streets, or mountain canyons sweeping
everything before them.
5. Storm surge– is an abnormal rise of water generated by a storm, over and above the
predicted astronomical tides. Storm surge should not be confused with storm tide, which
is defined as the water level rise due to the combination of storm surge and the
astronomical tide.
6. El Niño– refers to the large-scale ocean-atmosphere climate interaction linked to a
periodic warming in sea surface temperatures across the central and east-central
Equatorial Pacific.
7. La Niña– represents periods of below-average sea surface temperatures across the east-
central Equatorial Pacific. Global climate La Niña impacts tend to be opposite those of El
Niño impacts.
Signs of Hydrometeorological Hazards

1. Typhoon signs
 Increased ocean swell
 Barometric pressure drop
 Wind speed
 Heavier rainfall

2. Thunderstorm signs
 Cloud formation
 Darkening sky
 Lightning wind
 Wind

3. Flash flood/Flood signs

 Continuous storms, typhoons, and rain
 Rapidly rising water
 Muddy water
 Water carries debris

4. Storm surge signs

 Cumulu-nimbus clouds
 Darker sky
 Low pressure
 Strong winds
 Rising of water
5. El Niṅo signs
 Hot weather
 High pressure
 Change in temperature
 Gradually drying of land

6. La Niña signs
 Simply a cold event
 Abnormally cooler sea-surface temperatures
 It tend to be opposite those of El Niṅo

WRITTEN BY: EDMOND S. BASILIO, SST-I

TALON-TALON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
 3

SAQ 1: Why do we have to know the signs of impending hydrometeorological

hazards?

What is a hazard map?

A hazard map is a map that highlights areas that are affected by or are vulnerable to a
particular hazard. They are typically created to help prevent serious damage and deaths.

Here are some examples of Hydrometeorological hazard maps

1. Typhoon Incidence Hazard Map

Legend:

Very High incident of typhoon

High incident of typhoon

Medium incident of typhoon

Low incident of typhoon

Very Low incident of typhoon

2. Thunderstorm Hazard Map

WRITTEN BY: EDMOND S. BASILIO, SST-I

TALON-TALON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
 4

3. Flood Hazard Map of Metro Manila

Legend:

Flood Prone Areas

for 2-10 year flood cycle

Flood Prone Areas

for 50-100 year flood cycle

Flood Prone Areas adjacent to creeks

Metro Manila boundary

4. Storm Surge Hazard Map

LEGEND:
Yolanda Strength
Storm Surge Heights in Meters
0.5 – 1.00

1.01 – 2.00

2.01 – 3.00

3.01 – 4.00

4.01 – 6 Above

5. El Niṅo Hazard Map

LEGEND:

Very High

High

Medium

Low

Very Low

WRITTEN BY: EDMOND S. BASILIO, SST-I

TALON-TALON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
 5

6. La Niṅa Hazard Map

LEGEND:

Very High

High

Medium

Low

Very Low

SAQ 2: What is the importance of having a hydrometeorological hazard maps?

Tools or Instruments used in monitoring Hydrometeorological Hazards

1. Maximum-Minimum Thermometer – measure the temperature range.

2. Barometer – measure the atmospheric pressure.

3. Rain Gauge – measure the amount of rainfall accumulated in the measuring tube.

4. Pilot Balloon/Theodolite – a pilot balloon is a meteorological balloon that is filled with

gas lighter than air. When the pilot balloon is used in conjunction with a theodolite it is
used to determine the speed and direction of winds at different levels of the
atmosphere.

5. Anemometer - The anemometers are devices designed to determine the speed of

wind. They were initially used primarily for measuring the speed and direction of wind.
Today, except in weather stations, they are widely used in determining the average
speed in ventilation systems built in the industrial and residential buildings.

WRITTEN BY: EDMOND S. BASILIO, SST-I

TALON-TALON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
 6

6. Windsock – relatively simple, yet very important weather instrument. They tend to form
a cone made of fabric and are designed to provide a means of indicating the direction
and approximate speed of the wind.

7. Lightning Detectors – type of weather instrument used to detect lightning or light rays
produced by storms.

8. Weather Surveillance Radar – is of the long range type which detects and tracks
typhoons and cloud masses at a distance of 400 kilometers or less.

9. Weather satellites – monitor Earth from space, collecting observational data our
scientists analyse.

10. Weather Bouys – have largely replaced weather ships as platforms for collection
weather and ocean data around the world.

SAQ 3: Why are tools or weather instruments important?

Let’s Practice! (Write your answer on your answer sheet)

Now, it is time for you to experience an activity that will help you understand more about
Hydrometeorological hazards. 
Activity 1: Let’s match the Type and Signs.
Instruction: Match the type of hydrometeorological hazards in column A to the correct
impending signs in column B. Write only the letter of your answer on the space provided.
A B
____1. El Niṅo a. Cumulu-nimbus clouds, Darker sky, Low pressure,
Strong winds, Rising of water
____2. Typhoon b. Simply a cold event, Abnormally cooler sea-surface
temperatures, It tend to be opposite those of El Niṅo
____3. Flood/Flash Flood c. Increased ocean swell, Barometric pressure drop, Wind
speed, Heavier rainfall
____4. Thunderstorm d. Continuous storms, typhoons, and rain, Rapidly rising
water, Muddy water, Water carries debris
____5. Storm Surge e. Hot weather, High pressure, Change in temperature,
Gradually drying of land
WRITTEN BY: EDMOND S. BASILIO, SST-I
TALON-TALON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
 7

____6. La Niṅa f. Cloud formation, Darkening sky, Lightning wind, Wind

Activity 2: Let’s Figure it out.

1. Typhoon Incidence Hazard Map

Legend:

Very High incident of typhoon

High incident of typhoon

Medium incident of typhoon

Low incident of typhoon

Mindanao
Very Low incident of typhoon

Instruction: Answer the following question using the figure above.

1. Which part of the Philippines has the very high incident of typhoon? ____________
2. Which part of the Philippines has the medium incident of typhoon? _____________
3. Which part of the Philippines has the very low incident of typhoon? _____________

Activity 3: Let’s make it!

DIY Rain Gauge

Objective: Students make their own experimental procedures on how to make a rain gauge
to measure rainfall.
Question: How is rainfall measured?
Materials: empty two-liter plastic bottle (you may use 1.5 L, if there is no available 2L bottle), scissors,
a few handfuls of clean pebbles, gravel, or marbles, masking tape, water, ruler, permanent
marker, rainy weather (weather condition), paper and pencil/ball pen (to record data)
Make your own Experimental Procedure on how to come up with your DIY Rain Gauge.

Rubric for Rating:

CATEGORY Poor 1-2 points Good 3-4 points Excellence 5-6 points
Procedures do not Procedures are listed in Procedures are listed in clear
Experimental accurately list the steps of logical order, but steps are steps. Each step is numbered
Procedure the experiment. not numbered and/or are and is a complete sentence.
Specific language is not not in complete sentences. Specific language is used.
used. Specific language is used
most of the time.

WRITTEN BY: EDMOND S. BASILIO, SST-I

TALON-TALON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
 8

REMEMBER
Key Points
Hydrometeorological hazard is a process or phenomenon of atmospheric, hydrological
or oceanographic nature that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property
damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental
damage.
Hazard map is a map that highlights areas that are affected by or are vulnerable to a
particular hazard. They are typically created to help prevent serious damage and deaths.

TRY
Good job for accomplishing the given activity! Now, let us deepen your learning. Answer
the questions below. 
Directions: Choose only the letter of the correct answer.
(Write your answer on another sheet of intermediate paper/s.)
1. It is process or phenomenon of atmospheric, 9. Which of the following is NOT a
hydrological or oceanographic nature that hydrometeorological hazard?
may cause loss of life, injury or other health A. Volcanic eruption
impacts, property damage, loss of B. El Niṅo
livelihoods and services, social and C. La Niṅa
economic disruption, or environmental D. Thunderstorm
damage. 10. What measures the air pressure?
A. Disaster A. Rain Gauge
B. Hydrometeorological hazard B. Anemometer
C. Atmospheric pressure C. Barometer
D. Hydrologic cycle D. Windsock
2. Which of the following is NOT a 11. Which of the following is NOT a sign of
hydrometeorological hazard? impending La Niṅa?
A. Typhoon A. Cold event
B. Fire B. Cooler sea-surface temperatures
C. Thunderstorm C. Hot weather
D. Storm Surge D. Frequent rainfall
3. It highlights areas that are affected by or are 12. How will you know if there is an
vulnerable to a particular hazard. impending thunderstorm?
A. Compass A. Cold weather
B. Hazard Map B. Drying of land
C. World Map C. The cloud is dark with a lightning
D. Buffer Zone wind
4. It is an instrument that measures the D. Warm air
amount of rainfall. 13. Which of the following is a sign of
A. Thermometer impending El Niṅo?
B. Windsock A. Gradually drying of land.
C. Anemometer B. Continuous rain
D. Rain Gauge C. Low pressure
5. The following are signs of impending D. Cold weather
typhoon EXCEPT 14. How will you know if there is an
A. High Pressure impending storm surge?
B. Increased ocean swell A. Hot weather
C. Heavier rainfall B. Normal sea-surface temperature
D. Wind speed C. Darker sky with strong winds
6. Which part of the Philippines has the very D. Isolated rain shower
high incident of typhoon? 15. It is a device designed to determine
A. Luzon the speed of wind.
B. Visayas A. Barometer
C. Mindanao B. Anemometer
D. Only in Davao C. Rain gauge
7. Which of the following is NOT a sign of D. Thermometer
impending Flood/Flash flood?

WRITTEN BY: EDMOND S. BASILIO, SST-I

TALON-TALON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
 9

A. Hot weather
B. Continuous storms
C. Typhoons and rain
D. Rapidly rising of water
8. The following are tools or instruments used
in monitoring hydrometeorological hazards
EXCEPT
A. Maximum-Minimum Thermometer
B. Weather Surveillance Radar
C. Seismograph
D. Barometer
“Hydrometeorological Hazards”, Retrieved on August 23, 2020 from
https://www.slideshare.net/IVANMONPANES1/hydrometeorological-
hazards

“Different types of hydrometeorological hazards”, Retrieved on August

24, 2020 from
https://carmelaochea.wordpress.com/2018/01/24/different-types-of-
hydrometeorological-hazards/

“Hydrometeorological Hazard Maps”, Retrieved on August 26, 2020,

from
https://www.google.ph/search?q=interpretation+flashflood+hazard+ma
p&tbm=isch&ved=2ahLIKEwiU98fGq6vrAhVD4pQKHWsPDKcQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=interpret
REFERENCES

“Weather Instruments”, Retrieved on August 27, 2020, from

https://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph

“Weather Instruments”, Retrieved on August 27, 2020, from

https://www.nwclimate.org/guides/meteorological-instrumentation/

“DIY Activity”, Retrieved on August 27, 2020, from

https://www.education.com/science-fair/article/DIY-rain-gauge/

“Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services

Administration. (n.d.). PAGASA”, Retrieved on August 27, 2020, from
https://kidlat.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/

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WRITTEN BY: EDMOND S. BASILIO, SST-I

TALON-TALON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL