LISTENING SECTION 1 wr Questions 1-10 Distraction 1,D and G cannotbe the correct answer because fom the crossroads you don't have to walk through the woods to aad gotta them, 25C os Disiraction 5:Thisishis neighbour's acess, for delivery 9 Aveme LISTENING SECTION 3 4 cash a isiraction ‘will you be paying by debit card or eediccard?..._, 2Mestlons 21-30 Well et, don't have aay cars yet "nave some Sooruy ms 5 city aie 6 Living iaiet Distraction 6647 That's, um, not "Home Office™?” ue - 7 collect 25D & green wR 9 Nook me Osa Deseo Guake Lae Distraction A: ‘store room is a cupboard for objects, not a Disiracrion “today’s the 29th of Septembes’;"T' drop in shop; C: she mantions people she dint know: ‘Lmistook sore important visitor for a colleague, because I dida't knew who tomorrow moming to pay" aad ‘anyone was but there is no mention of being asked to meet LISTENING SECTION 2 aA Questions 11-20 Distraction B: Cressida didn't see this as ‘fortunate AZ A!D (in any order) “Unfortunately it meant I spent the next three days suck in the Distraction B: not ‘umusual’ because these are ‘events you editing suite"; C: Cressida went with te reporter who di the ‘would expect a museum to have"; C: again, not unusual because interview: *,.. when the senior reporter needed someone to g0 ‘sheep, cows and hens arermnrh the exme ag thase yr sea on out with him when he went to interview a jusior aninistes, I got 10 ‘modern farms"; B: not “unusuz¥ because “Alf the buildings are ‘20 along’ but this was so she couid do the ‘technical side’, there filled with furniture, machinery and objects. You may be able to is no suggestion she cid any interviewing. see these in other museums on 13/14 CIB Gin any order) Distraction : Thete is no mention of the business side of Drsraction &: You can buy sweers, noc bread: ... you can ‘mings; U: be docsmnt say she needs to improve her Teamwork, ‘watch a demonstratiog of someone mating bread, ... old infact she is pleased with it“. I fee] much more confident ...T fashioned sweets for sale’; B: Although ‘you can watch horses did actually make a contribution’ being exercised inthe old stables’, there is no suggestion that visitors can ride them; D: You can buy stationery: “There's a stationer’s shop Which sells. all available for purchase by visitors’ but the posters are part of a demonstration and there is no mention of them being for safe: ‘Upstairs in the same building, a printer demonstrates the production of posters 30 C: The rest of Cressia’s speech explains tat the disagreement ‘was about the actions of the presenter, which she found to be smethical Distraction A: This contradicts the statement: ‘his wasn’t some public relations exper; B: The end of the same sentence also contradicts the statement: ‘this wasn't... or government 15 E:After the crosstoauls the exhibition cent is the laxger of wo professional spokesperson” buildings on either side of the path. Distraction. is the smaller of the two so it cannot be the ‘cortect answer. WA 17 C: The path crosses the railway line to get to the farmhouse, You ccan get to all the other buildings without crossing the railway line, 18 Distraction © caanat bv dhe cousest ausvice becouse the coal nine is just infront of the entrance, 208 | Test 4Key@ LISTENING SECTION 4 Questions 32-40 ©31 violin Dies 3” steel / metal Distraction not ‘traditional gut? which is what other guitars used Frying Pan /feying pan ‘magnets plastic Disiraction Itis compared to guitars made of wood. oli Distraction “All previous guitars had been hollow ..." Bas ee 40 a ‘mass production Precision / precision ota READING PASSAGE 1 Questions 1-13 @ (Ihe table is arranged in a logical way, but the information isnot in exactly the same order as its given inthe passage,) @ 1 identical: The frst paragraph says “The stadeus’ performance ‘ends up looking jus ike a monkey's t's practically [= almost] identical balls of paper: The sixth paragraph says“... showed it two groups of balls of paper .. changed the quantities” (although the ‘exe mentions ‘siblings’ and “brothers, the experiment did not use other chicks), female: The lst paragraph says “researchers in America found that female coots appear to calculate’ (the text also mentions ‘au intrudes’, but i was the ‘counting’ beaviour/behavior ofthe eots thatthe researchers Were interested in}, 6 @ @ @ e! @s Se e 7 sugar water: The fifth paragraph says ‘two chambers —one © wich contained sugar wate, which they ike, white the other ‘was emp... The bees quickly leamed... the coezeet chamber’. © cuesane 813 come inte sane orders te nformaton nthe passage.) 8 TRUE: The first paregraph says ‘shesus monkeys end university sudeul .. hao Gee which set contained mare ob}. ‘monkeys, lise humans, make more erors when two ses of fruit fics: The sccond pacagsapli says “euupled salamanders Wh two sets of fruit fies held in clear tubes’, ‘mosquitofish: The third paragraph says ‘studies of mosquitofish, ‘hich instinctively join the biggest shoal surface area: The fourth paragraph says “The team arranged these shapes so that they had the sue overall [- total] surface area and luminance [= brighmess] @® _ dbjects are close in number’; primates are defined in the second, ‘patagraphi; ‘Humans and monkeys are mammals, in the animal ze, family known es primates,” @ 9 FALSE: The fifth paragraph says “the umber of shapes [- how many shapes, not the actual shape of individual numerals) 10 NOT GIVEN: Although the sixth paragraph says ‘If chicks spend their frst few days surrounded by certain objects’ this is ‘a general statement, not how long the experiment lasted; ‘three and four-day-old chicks’ tells us the age ofthe chicks, but it does ot say thatthe experimont took place on two deyer we do not kkoow whether it was repeated on more than one dey. ‘TRUE: The sixth paragraph says that these were almost newborn “three- and four-day-olid chicks” and that they “seated [= ran} to the larger quantity st arate wel above chance, They were doing, some very simple arithmetic, claim the researchers’ NOT GIVEN; Altbough the last paragraph says “Animals on the prov ., decide which tree has the most fruit, or which patch of lowers will contain the most nect” and tat this would be an ‘obvione advange] of imerary’, ee ae not tld whether 37 researchers have carried out experiments involving the animals searching for these foods. 13 TRUE: The lest paragraph says “female coots appear to calculate «and add any in the nest laid by an iniader (= another bird)’. u 2 READING PASSAGE 2 Questions 14-26 14 vi The facts, however donot justify our unease? 15 (+... e squall [= storm] of coniicting initiatives ... 1's 2 squall that dies dowa end chen blows harder from one month to the ext 16 v.*... there's nothing quite like plastic? 17 ic... here is one law of plastic that... prevails over (+ is more ‘portent than] all others ..: a litle goes a long way ... And in ‘he packaging equation, weight is the main issue ...? vi: "To target plastic om its own is to evade the complexity of the 8 19 C: Paragraph F says... explains that in fact they found apples in fours on a tray covered by plastic fils needed 27 per cent less packaging in transportation than those sold foose [= not wrapped before they are sol. ‘A: Paragraph B says “Iti being left to the individual conscience 21; Peragraph C says... inthe UK, waste in supply chains (= the way goods get fom producer to consusned is aboct 3 percent’ D: Paragraph B says ‘tho hunger [> desie] to do something ‘quickly is diverting effort away from mote complicated questions. ‘A: Paragraph E says ‘Plastic asa lightweight food wrapper is now built in as ho logical thing. It only males sense HF you havea structure [.. social structure, society) such as exits now! 24 industrial (Paragraph A) 28 indestructible (Paragraph A) 26 seusous (Parsraplt A) n 2B Test 4Key | 209READING PASSAGE 3 {M4 YES: The fourth pacagraph says “These findings seemed to Questions 27-40 suggest a substantial lack of continuity [= a bg difference) ‘between infanoy and miéale childhood. However, itis ioportant torealse thar the apparent discontinity [= wit appears to be & difference] will vary according to which ofthe cognitive skills were assessed in infancy” 277 Ac The fist paragraph says ‘intelligence involves the capacity to adapt to one’s environment’ Distraction B: There is no suggestion in the text that we change ‘betaviour according to what other people do; C: The word ‘environment’ is used in this text in a more abstract way, i.e. 35 NOT GIVEN: In the fifth paragraph we are told Piaget was ‘surroundings’; D Although the text states that the ‘eapacity influential regarding both (“immense body of research” and to learn from experience’ is one feature of intelligence and we “subsequent thanking’) but there ts no mention that etther ane of cat suppose that coping with ‘unexpected setbacks’ would be these things ad # bigger impact than the other. one outcome of arning from experience, which i one feabure of 36 NO; The lst paragraph says “his vow that th child isan active {ntelligence, this isnot stated anywhere in the text. ‘agent of learning ... has stood the test of time [itis stil 28 B."The sevuiat paragiaph says “The former group respected)’. even if the previous paragraph states that ‘most of [psyehometitans inthe previous peragraph] hs examined the his concepts have had tbe .. radically revised or rejected’. ‘sue by determining how children’s abilitos on a wide range of The summary outlines the ideas in the fourth paragraph ‘asks intercorrelate, or go together” . i, i Diuwution Ac Although thew i wide ange of tasks’, there 37 Ct Verbal: ‘verbal abilities are more important Intron. {sno suggestion dat auy gf dic ae ‘wupetave’. Huwovcs, 38 Ar adalts ‘Tas been found that tots of eaping with novelty do psychometricians are interested in how the individual tasks predict later intelligence’ (the text does not deal with “seademic “intervorrelale, ot go together’; C: The text only sates that ability” in particular. psychometticiens have used statistics in their research, not that Note: ‘academic ability’is the natural collocation, not ‘academic they use mathematical models to predict results; D: ‘Common intelligence’ ‘sense’ [= good practical, logical abilities} is mot the sates “general intelligence’ [overall intellectual abilfy} 29 D: The third paragraph suys ‘studies of age-related changes ... For instance, .. Horn and Cate .. uid abilities peak in early 139 inquisitive: ‘their interest im and euriosty about the environment’. 40-1: unfamiliar: ‘the extent to which this is epplied to new situations’, adult life, whereas crystallised abilities increase up to advanced, old age’, Distraction A: Horn and Cattell dida’t argue with each other WRITING TASK 1 Instead they ‘argued for’ something [= they put forward the ‘Model answer ‘dea]; B: Ibis true that "Their rescarch concerned both linguistic snd mathematica! shitiias' (ests nf “mental manipulation of abstract symbols’ and ‘comprehension and inforanation") but this isnot why Horn and Cattell are mentioned; C: Theis research ‘was ebout certain spevial skills, but not general intelligence. 30 B; The fifth paragraph says “che foous should be on the thinking processes involved ale: diaut uu Levels uf wguitive achievement”. Distraction A: In fact the text eis us the opposite: ‘a second clement concerns the notion that develepment proceeds ... ina sot order’; C: The text does not tell us what materials he used, ‘only that his work was “backed up by observations’; D; The text does not describe exactly the range of either ages or intelligence. 34 NO: The first paragraph says ‘quite dificult to define (= what is ‘meant by] in unambiguous terms and unexpectedly controversial [people disagree about it’ Please note that this is only one possible interpretation of the task. Other approaches are equally valid "The graph compares the percentage of their income which people inthe UK and USA spend on petrol. From the deta, we can 302, wo clear differences. Tstly, the difference between the poorest 109% and the siheot 10% is greater inthe UX than in the USA. In the former, the poorest spend less thas 05% ef their income on petrol, suggesting| that they do not use ears very nach, and the richest spend around 3%, By contrast, in the US, the poorest spend around 45% while Ue richest spond between 2 and 3%. This suggcsts that virtually ‘everyone in the USA. uses a car sometimes. Secondly, in tie USA it is also noticeable that the percentage of income spent by the ocr can be twice that spent by the zich. However, in the UK, the percentage spent rises quite steeply for the poorer members of the population bur then remats alunos! coustant epact from the very richest, where it falls again, In bot countries people on. middle incomes spend about the same percentage. Overall, the ‘percentage of income spent on fuel generally geis higher inthe /UK, the more you cara, whereas it decreases in tbe US. 32 YES: The second paragraph says “general measures of intelligence tend to have considerable powers .... Nevertheless, itis plain that it is not at all uncommon for individuals to be very ‘200d at some sorts of task and yet quite poor at some others’ 33 NO: The third paragraph says the test suggests the opposite of the statement: ‘Crystallised abilities’ which are ‘assessed by tests cof comprehension... increase up to advanced old age’, whereas “Fluid abilities... that require mental manipulation of abstract svmbols’ “by contrast... pel in early adult Ke" 210 | Test 4 Key‘QWRITING TASK 2 Model answer 2 Pease note thet this 8 onby one posible interpretation ofthe tak. Other approaches are eqwally valid. ‘Using the Internet has become 2 normal part of everyday life for ‘many people. They use it to book airline tickets, or to access news about world events, or to follow the fortunes oftheir favourite Footbal club. Millions of people across the world belong to social networking groups where they keep in ouch with ther fends ‘and, if they live away ftom them, their family. In my opinion these | are all good ways to use the Internet. When it comes ty fudiny ou iufinniation diets ate some very good sites where it is possible to check, for example, someone's ‘biographical details or statistics about global warming, However, information from the Internet should be used with caution, ‘because although there are many reliable sites, such as acedernic jowuals wud well-lawown newspapers, tere are also unreliable ‘ones, soit is important to check where information originates from before using i, ‘Some studeots use websites which offer ready-made assiguments, ‘This isnot a good idea, even if vou ipnore the fact that it is cheating, because such websites may contain factual errors or biased views. In recent case, a student fond herself in serious trouble wisen she submitted an essay fiom one of these sites only to discover that it was about Austria, not Australia, but had an error in the tile. [Neverticiess, itis nowadays possible for people all over the world {to study or do business on an equal footing, in a way that was ‘unimaginable only # few years ag0. On the whole believe that the Internet is an excelleat way both to communicate end to find aafouuzaion, es lon as its used mieigently, 6 © @ @ 66883 S9SESSHSOSHKSSSSCOHPESHOBHESOOKE SD ® Test 4 Key aitTEST 4 TRANSCRIPT 2495) LasTENING SECTION 1 You will hear a manber of different recordings and you will have to answer questions on what you hear There will Be time for you to read the instructions and questions and you will have a chance fo check your work. ll he recordings will be played once only. The test is in four sections. At the end of the test you will Be given ten Imaseues io snansfer yur uns wens fn uns over sheet, Nae tus bo section 1. Section 1. You will hear a woman who works in a furniture store faking a telephone order from @ man. First you have some time to look at questions 1 10 5. [Pause the recording for 30 seconds] You will se that there is an exargple that has been done for you. On this occasion only, the conversation relating to this will be played fir ‘Sally: Good efternoon, Megequlp. This s Sally speaking. How may Vhalp you? (Oskar Oh hallo. Um, elke to order sors items from your catalogue, ‘ally: Yes, Are you an existing customer? Oskar: Er, n. I've only just moved here frown South Alica. But | picked up your winter catalogue in the ety centre yesterday. Sally: Fine, The winter catalogue is our current one. As you're 2 new customer, | ded to take a few details from you. The customer is using the winter catalogue, so ‘winter’ has been uiriten in the space, Now we shall begin. You should ansiver the ‘questions as you listen because you will not hear the recording a sevand time Tieton covefully and ancwor questions | 20.5 lrepeath Oskar: Sur. Sally: Your name is? Osker: Oskar Greening. That's (1) Oskar with aK’. Sally: O-S--AR? Oskar: Yes. Saliy: Greening, And you adress? Oskar: Um, York Terrace. Sally: Hare inthe city? Oskar: Yes. Sally: What number? ‘Oskar: t's flat, (2) Number 52. ‘Sally: ©. Got thet. And would that be the same address for delivery? Oskar: Um, no, actualy out al ay. But my neighbour can take dolvery at number 8 Yk 3) Avon, fs just ound the comer Sally: OK, fine, number 5, Fve got that. And will you be paying by bit card or credit card? 212 | Test 4 Transcript ‘Oskar: Wel, | don't have any cards yet. I'l have some shortly, but | want these things this week if possible. (4) Could Lcome to the ‘store and pay cash in advance? Sally: Wol, | guess 30. i make a nate. Vm afraid that payment method doesr't entite you to @ discount. Oskar: No, | didn’t expect ane for that. But what about my address? it says on the cover of the catalogue = Sally: Oh yes, you're right. Of course (6) York Terrace is within the. hyo you gat free delvery and 53% discount an your order Oskar: Oh, good. Before you kear the rest of the conversation, you have some time 10 Took ai questions 6 10 10. ie) [Pause the revonding for 30 se Now listen and answer questions 6 0 10. ‘Sally, Gu wheal muuld you the to order? You have ourcurent catalogue, you say? ‘Oskar: Yes. | ged three things forthe room where I study ~ my office, | guess. Um, the mast urgent is a dask lamp, Is your ‘catalogue, number 664 in stock? ‘Sally: 664? That's, um, not ‘Home Office’? (6 t's in the ‘ving’ section of the catalogue? ‘Oskar: fs. | want a small one that clips onto the exige of the desk. Sally: Yos, no problem In which colour? ‘Oskar: I'd Ike the greyish-coloured one, please. Sally: On you mean the shade we call ‘slate’, Yas, i's a nice colour ‘Oskar: And, um, | wondered, could I get that when | come in to pay rather than waiting for delivery? | realy need to be able to reac at Fight and the lights in this fat are uses. Sally: Ye, m sure thet'l be OK, (7) Linote down that’s = ‘customer will collect’, What else did you want? Oskar: Wel, I need a chelr which gives good support when I'm using my Computer. I saw one in your ‘Home Ummee' section ana 1 think t would suit me. I's on page 4% Sally: Um, yes? Oskar: Anc it's fully adjustable, isn't it? ‘Sally: Let me soe, Height, yes, back, yes, 'm not sure about the arms though. ‘Oskar Oh, that could be a problem ... I'm very tal ‘Sally: What about 181 on the same page? That has adjustable ‘arin, saat, everything! ‘Oster: (8) But can Lost that n the same colour, like the one it shows? Sally: Oh they all come inthe full range of colotrs. Oskar. OK. 0190 for 131 in qregn then, Sally: Mm think you'l fk that. My brother's vary tab and he ses one. We can make sure there's one on the delivery van toyou ' early next week. Oskar: On goo, TANKS. ANG so, lastly, Heed z Ming wae for ry documents. litle fling cabinet. With two crawers?Sally: OK. Two drawors. Do you want the ordinary one or the lockable one? I's an extra twenty pounds, (Oskar: Sony, what's thet? ‘Sally: (®) You can hava it with alock, which is more secur. (Oskar: Oh, yes, please. Sally: OK... so that's number 183, ‘Osha dowsirt by ey chance come in slate, coes Ite Sally: Wal, 2's similar, But the commercial office furniture doosn't ‘coms in so many shades. Oskar: So it's gray? Sally: That's right. Oskar: Fine, that do. ‘Sally: Now, about detvery. The two items wil probably come at ferent tines as vr have the chair instock here so our va il Laing sai (50) Tae My eae wl ve cori ec om. LLonson, 20 today's te 28th of September, sey, not more than four days, thats daivored on or before the Sof October You have therm both within four days. ‘Oskar: That’ fine. drop in tomorow merning to pay and get the lamp. Um, hanks fora your nai, ‘Sal: Thank you for your order Let me know if we een éo anything els for you ‘Oskar: Thank yout | wil, Bye, Sally: Byo, That is the end of section 1, You now have half'a minute to check your answers. [Pause the recording for 30 seconds] Now turn to section 2, YO) usrenwe section 2 “You will hear a man taking a grouy of tourists around! a museum site, First you have some time to look at questions 1140 14, [Paate the recog foe 3 seconde) [Nov listen eavefly and answer questions 11 1014 Guide: Welcome to Brampton Muiseim going to tel you a ite bit zbourt the museum first and tion show you round. As you can ‘soe, Brampton is an open-air museum. The fret open-air museurns ‘wore established in Scandinavia towards the end of the 19th ccentury, and the concept soon sarsad throughout Europe and North ‘America and there are several in Bain, all of which tel the history Of @ partculer part ofthe country. Brampton focuses on life during the 18th century. The site was chosen because there were already some historic 19t-century bbuicings here and (11/42) others have been dismantled in diferent. parts of the region, and rebuilt onthe ste, This hadn't been inte 50 we're very proud of what we have here, Allthe buidings are filed with furniture, machinery and ‘objects. You may he able to see these in other museums but notin their original stings, (19/12) What also sets Brampton apart from. ‘other snuseums is thatthe story of the exhibits is td not by labals. ‘uk undue Sua ie YBa, | JOOK ae” sheep, cows and hens, which are much the same as those you see on modern fas, @eeeeee @G86 6G & 6 @ GO @ © 6 @ © 9 @ ‘but use trecttonal methods to cave for them. You will also be able to see a blacksmith and a printer, as well as other craftspeople. you tal to thern, you'l-be able to find out what life was realy ke 150 yoare ago. Our programme of activitos during the yoor has ‘guidod walks, an agricultural fai and all the other evants you would ‘expect a museum to have, but remember: here you experiance: them in the real surroundings. ‘The site is vided into diferent areas. The main building contains uur Fig Sueet whi sa SUEEt OF LSECeTLUTy SIRS, OME ‘and some homes. There's @ siationer’s shop which sels a range of ‘special ssicctod car, prints and copies of Victorian stationery, all avaiable for purchase by visitors. Upstairs in the same building, «a printer demonstrates the production of posters, business cards 2a advertising matnial Aeenes tha strat fam tha stators Js. a clothes shop and there's a baker's where you can watch a ‘demonstration of someone making bread, cakes and pastries. We ‘also have a sweet shop which has old-fashioned sweets for sale. (13/44) Vintage trams travel along from one end ofthe streatto the ther joumey into the past. We wil also be visiting the farm andl faking a ride on a steam fain. Of course the ‘main form of transport in those days was the horse and you can ‘watch horses being exercised in the old stables. This pert of Britain ‘was famous for coakmining and on the site we have part of amine \which opened in 1860 and was worked for over a hundred years, before closing in 1968. (19/44) Visitor can put ona hard hat and. {ake 2 guided tour underound to eee how coal wes worked and to ‘experience the working conditions in the ealy 19008. Before you hear the rest of the talk, you have some time to look at ‘questions 15 1920, {Pause the recording fo 30 seconds} Now listen and answer questions 15 to 26, Naw i youd es to fool at your mep, well begin eur tour. The site Isa bit Ikea circle with the raiway going round the edge. You an ‘see where we ere now by the entrance and we're going to stat by ‘walking tothe High Suet. (18) We'l go 10 the crossroads in tae. smile of the map_sad go straight on, making our way between to ulcings on ether side of one ccenve Bu i's not open today, unfortunately. The other bulding 'sctficss. (16) The palh leads drecty to the High Street bul “which sal the anpasste sce of che site tobe entrance, Hare you're ‘ree to wander aroun and take a ride up and down on 2 tram, (17) Wie then take the path which foes the catway tine. ‘and crosses it tothe farm, you wish, you ust nav tain the, facnfiause and there'll be time to look atthe animals and the ‘machinery. (18) Then,.we eross the raw ine again and vist our special attraction which ina. its ust in front of us atthe entrance, (19) We'll return tothe crossmeds and walkthrough 2 smal wooded are to tne Manor House, Tis 's one ofthe origina buildings onthe site anc belonged to a wealthy farmer. You can look round the house and gerdens end tal to our guides who can toll you what it was ike to ls there, (20) We wil then follow a path. «which goes past the pond and wil ake us to the Ralvay Station, situated batwaen the i Finaly we'll ‘tae the steam train back around the site, passing alongside the High Street and the Goal Mine back to the entrance. So ityou'd lise 40 folow me ‘That is the end of section 2, You now have half a minute to check dour answers [Panse the recording for 30 seconds.) Now tum to section 3, Test 4 Transcript | 213@AW uisTENING section 5 You-will hear a conversation berween Cressida, a student of journalism, and her tutor, Dr Erskine, about a work placement that ‘he has recenly done. First you have some tine to lookat questions 21 10%. [Pause the reconling for 30 seconds] Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 26. Dr Erskine: Wel, Cressida, that was an interesting presentation you ‘gave yesterday on your placement af the TV news centre. (Cressida: Thank you, Dr Erskine, | did work hard on it. Dr Erokine: Yeo and (21) iain th clas \your humour, but you informed them too. But I felt there was a bit of ‘aback story you know, something you weren't tling us? So how was it really? (Cressida: Yea, wol, | eamt alot, 25 | sald. But! think some of the lessons weren't ones | wanted to share with the winole croup. Iimean, (22) my expectation high. 'd been fantasising a bit about what 'd be doing, ‘worked out OK in the end .. bt got off toa bad start. Dr Erskine: Yes, heard something similar from (28) the procucer = negative avout some ofthe things you did, and vour ila! attkude, I'm afraid. Would you ike to give me your version? Cressida: | oldn't prepare propery is the main thing. On my frst mornir9, Ihadn’t checked my cornmuting route properly, and | @e@s Se¢eoeseegeeee es 8 @ "The number of vegetarians in a community may depend on various factors, for example the traditions ofthe country, tae wealth of the country the religion or the age group. Therefore, the| reasons Why people choose to exclude meat and fish from their diet may also vary. Some people become vegetarians because they believe that this will benefit their health. Undoubtedly, eating too match snest, oepecially too much red maa, ie nat to be recommended Moceover, the fact that there are healthy populations in some parts ofthe world where ao one eats meat proves that itis not, as some people claim, an essential part of the man det. However, itis important to ensure that enough protein, for example, is Inohided in the dit from othoraourosa, Whoro vogetaricnions is not tradition, his may require some careful planing, In ay experience, ite quite common for people to become ‘vegetarians because they fel tht it is selfish to est meat or ‘because meat production increases global warming, They may also fel tht if noone ae meat, there would be no food shortages, Because meet productioh uses up food resources. This idealistic point of view is very attactive, but it is ard to judge ‘whether it isin fat corres. Ia some families, if teenager decides to become a vegetarian, they may do so partly out ofa spixt of rebellion, because this boebaviow can be interpreted asa criticism of thes parents" way of life. However, provided that they continue to eat healthily, the pareats should no raise objections, in my opinion, Vegetarianism fea valid choo in lif, Moreover, rosoarsh ahowo thet vngotzians tend tobe healthier in many ways than meat-ater. Personely, think tai being « vegetarion i a good idea in principle as there are proven health benefis and probably social benefits as well However it doesnot suit everybody, and I doubt wists it will er be wivioal ease Test 6Key | 227TEST6 TRANSCRIPT LISTENING SECTION 1 Youll hear a mumber of iffrent recordings and you wll have to answer questions on what yo hea Tere will be time for you read the instracions and questions ard you will have a chance to cheok your work. ll she recordings wil be played once on The test in four sections At the ond of the fest yo will be given ten anintes to transfer your answer 0 an answer shoot. Now tur section I Section I. Yow will hear a woman talking to a man who works in 4 fourist information office. First you have some time to look at ‘quectione Ito 6. [Pause che recording for 30 second] You will see that there is an example that has been done for you. On this occasion only: the conversation relating to this willbe plaved fost, ‘Man: Good morning. Can |help you? ‘Woman: | hope so! | have a fied in Spain and her two daughters are coming to the city to study for a month, So thought the Tourst Information Centro was the best place to ask about hostels. Can you recommend any? an: Ofcourse. A usualy suggest one ofthe Hosting Imermationel places. Hi est End is abig hostel in a residential, ‘area, but i's only ten minutas from downtown (Example) yous tke, ‘bus. Its really popular The journey time is by bus, o ‘bus’has been written inthe space. Now we shal! begin. You should answer the questions as you listen Because you will not hear the recording a second time. Listen carefully and answer questions 110 6 (vepead Woman: Oi. Sounds good! | need to know how much it costs. The Girls want « double room to themselves, They con't want to share ‘kh other people, as: Tal ahs ie epee The ice is wines $30 fon bed in a dormitory but they’l be paying $50 a night. (1) But if they lhecome members of Hosting International, the prica comes down 1041 annight, Membership costs $36. ‘Woman: Right. ‘Man: And membership offers them benefits t00 on ali kinds of sctiviies. ‘Woman: Ah, what kind of things? ‘Man: Oh, ef, skydiving and white-water rating. Things lice thet. Woman: Mm, | don't think they're Interested in that Kind of thing. ieee Sree, ‘Man: Oh, yes and also ciscounts on bicycte and car hire, Woman: OK. it's probably worth I. fs the hostel vay noisy? They're coming here to do some studying. Mare Ah, Ithinkit is quite noisy as it's a really big hostel. And if they want to use tha Internat this hostel stil makes @ charge Unfortunataly Ite 61 for 16 minutes and (2) 83 ‘eran how, 228 | Test 6 Transcript ‘Woman: Mim. tight not be ideal for them. What else can you recommend? Is there anything ln a quiet aoa? Man: There's Ellscoat Hostel ‘Woman: Mmm, now do you spell that? Man: (@) ELA t-S-0-O-AT. Woman: I've never heard that name before, And where is that? Man: I's on the beach looking over the bay, Here, look on the map. I’s quia but not far from Dragon Island ~ there's pienty gving on thera in the evening, ‘Woman: Oh, that's a nice area. And ifthey want to go fo Dragan Island (6) itonly takes a coupie of minutes to walk dovmn to tie. amy. So haw much is 2 roam there? ‘Man: I's in such a nice spot thatthe rooms are a bit more expensive, They're $62, ‘Woman: Doss thet include any meals? Mens Unfortunaioty net Ite pecoibie te buy moale inthe hostel a a reasonable price but because it isn't very busy in the winter, (6 they. ‘only cook in summer. Refore you hear the rest ofthe conversation, you have some time to ook at questions 7 10 10. [Pause the recording for 30 seconds] Now listen and answer questions 7 1010. Woman: Oh, think | know the placa you moan, it's an ofc building, lanree Men: Yes, t's well known as t's one of the oldest in the cy. {There's been a hote! there since 1887 when |. fist Bul twas turned into a hostel in 1985 and they've invested a lot of money restoring it neice, ‘Woman: Mm, thay'd like that but I'm just looking on the map st where ther college is it's right in the canta. Its abit far far them ‘rom there. ‘Man: (@) The hostel actually has scooters for hire ala very cood price. So they couid do that. Er, it would be quicker than eycling or ‘walking tothe centee. Woman: Mm, itis abit expensive .. Sut it sounds lice the best one 50 far uniegs there's something « bit cheaper? Men: OK. Er, wel, what about the Backpackers Hostel? That's not 20 expensive. Ite in a side etroet (9 in tho entertainment istic. ‘They woukin’t need to go far to find everything they want ~ they ‘could walk everywhere. And t's very reasonable. Only $45 end ‘another 85 If they want to have breaktast. Woman: Mm, but what about cther meats? ‘Man: There's no eafé but on each floor in this hostel (10) there's kitchen forresdenis to cack in. I'm not sure how well equipped ‘hey ae butt shouldbe fn or Basle meats. ‘woman: Wel, mars realy Vey heIprul pass a his nvormston ‘Man: Do ask your fisnds toring me f they need to know anything ee. ‘Woman | wil, Thank you.G That isthe end of section 1. You now have half a minute 10 chock your answers. © (Pause the rconting for 30 seconds] Now turn to section 2 @ @ EAD ustemne section Tedvefi an oa seatuneg eet @® some time to look at questions 11 t0 15. a Base erg on Now itn carly ond anoer questions 115 PS calonesd uae meeps ace rears nf eoaanran Tost vl rads you to {@ the buicing and ts services. At any tme you can stop the tour We enter by the café and our tour begins atthe issue desk. @ ‘you stand between the information desk and the issue desk sd lovk at the oppusite wal, you wl ayy svlves uf Lanse @ loft hand comer. (19) Thin is where you wil find a large number of ‘ovals. and short stories. They are arranged alphabetical. f you're looking for something in particular and i's not on the shel you can reserve it The nox area, civectly opposte the issue desk. {12} isa. __, Section where people can study, The Morar provides computers for users free of charge on the next floor besice the reerence books but this area is for peop to use thee ow laptops. You should esk @ {or tho internet passcode at the information dk. Inthe right-hand comer ofthis floor theres a cals A selection of © iy anaepaners is aneys avaleble there but you can also ‘eka magazines irto the café fo read while you have a drnk. (13) You wl. @ ind these onthe racks lo the ltt of the eal and there is a erge selection, They ar for reference ony and cannot be borrowed but you we velvome to photocopy any articles of intrest. We ask you torretum them when you have nished, You ere not alowed to take feoton or any othar books from the shelves inte the cate Next tothe cetéis the exit door leading tothe stars and escalator {0 the other floors. The largest collection of Books in the library & ‘is tction (14) and the next raest is non-fiction whichis in the ‘somrof this flac: opposite the café, These can all be borrowed {8s opn080d tothe roferenco books on the next floor, most cof which cannot be taken out of the lary but they can bo {@ photocopied. There are several photocopiers avaiable forts ~ purpase downstairs in the basement, To one side ofthe issue desk 8. leading onto gallon This was adds to tha ary as 2 public space where tatks are uiven ones a week ue Selutday by visiting authors of both fiction and non-fiction. ($5) iLalso houses. the biography section, There are notices advertising the talks in the study ares. © ‘sny books thet you want te borow should be taken tothe issue sk. Before we leave ts oor wil gve you some information @ about using the trary, There are also helpful notices by the information desk, © before you hear the rest ofthe tlk, you have some time to look at auestions 16 10 20 (Pau he recoding for 30 seconds ® Naw listen and answer questions 16 to 20, ® ‘To join the brary and take books out, you need a membership card, Take your passport or identity card, as well as proof of your home address, tothe information desk and you willbe issued with « card. (18) After a period of two years, all eaders are required to ‘goto the desk with a document thet has their name and curent _address on it 30 the library can keep up-to-date records of where ‘people are living. There's no need to show a passport again and there is no charge for this but any lost cards are charged at £5. Hf you ean find the bosk you want on the halves, you oan recerve it IF in another brary in the city, we can usually get it for you within a week. f someone else has borrowed itt can take a few ‘weeks. (17) Ether way, we nolfy you by phone or email when the item is avaliable to be picked up. We will had it for you Tor five days. Books can be borrowed for fourtosn days and ean be renewed ‘for a further two weeks, Children's books also have a two-week ‘borrowing period. The same system exists for CD-ROMs and CDs but (18) DVDs, bath chidren's and aoults’ can only be arrowed fa up to seven dav, Itisn't passibie to renew thern. Some reference: ‘books can be borrowed but normaly only for one day, 20 24 hours. ‘The lbrary opening hours have been changed slighty. Instead of ‘opening late on Wednesday evenings tl 8pm, we will be closing at 6, as.an other weekcieys, (19) but we wil close at 7 instead of S.L.on Saturriays and — new lewsiopment — we nre going tm ‘9pen on Sunday mornings from next month ~ 9 to 1. We are closed ‘on publi holidays and notices are posted in the library about these. Before you go upstairs, please note that Ifyou are going to the ‘exhibition arse on the third floor, lage bags are not allowed. (20) There ars lockere beside ths referance area.on the ware you can deposi them, you need change, you can get that ‘rom the information desk on the fst oor. ‘Now press ‘pause’ enki proceed to the second floor. When you reach the top ofthe stars press ‘play’ That is the end of section 2. You now have half a minute (0 check [Pause the recording Sor 30 seconds| Now turn to section 3 AW ustenine sections You will hear a university tutor talking to two students about a ‘presentation they have made in a recent botany seminar. First you ‘nave some time to look at questions 21 t0 25. [Pause the eeconting for 30 secoods} [Now listen ceefly and answer questions 21 t0 25 “Tutor Wel, Anita and Lee. That was an interesting presentation you made about John Chapman. There area few points Pte to run through bafore you vt it up. One thing whiz you did't explain ‘was why you decided 10 do. presentation on this man wo spread ‘apple varieties across the US? Arita: Wel ages ago. we were chatina about stuff we'd read as Children, and told Lee the Johnny Appleseed story ~ Thad these [Amaticah story Books when | was email Then (21 when we ware, looking inte the area of domestintad species of plants for aur. resentation, we enlist tha the aducten ofthe apple with ‘Saitlers in the US would be a good case study... Le: And remembered Chapman, 20 we lacked Up the real guy behind the legend, Test 6 Transcript | 229‘Tutor Right I think that would have mada a good intro, Anite | thought it was too personel. ‘Tutor Justa couple of minutes would have drawn your listener in. ‘Anyway. Now a more serious port. You dic? mention the Sources (of some of your information. Lee: We used some books and journal articies and did an internet ‘search and found some good sites. Anita: (88) We've put them on he basket the handout we gave, ‘vervone atthe end, ‘Tutor A, let me see. Oh, here itis, Johnny Appleseed! Man and ‘yt, 1967, Well, the thing Is, you really have to make ths expliot ‘hen you talk. And anything you show, data you project from your Teptup, we, you rust lewe Ute suurue Unt Anita: Right, OK. Tutor At least you have got all documented. [wes a bit ‘concerned about thet. Aaita: Somy. Tutor Anyway. Now, the content of your tak (23) What your, ‘was whether there were apoles in the US before the Europears stated fo live there: You tld us the ‘ealy settlers had brought young apple troas but that few of them had thrived because the clmato was harsh, but what about native species? | don't think you were very car about species already. there, Loe: Lm, according to wat I've read, thero were some crab apples, but that was al. Everything that people now think of as ‘raaltional American apples, were species that the Europeans either introduced or bred by chance. ‘Asita: Bocause thay tonded to sow seeds rather then use grafting, “Tutor: Yes, quite. But (24) what to me was fascinating — andi es 1EMEFS OF YOUF EUCINNOS Stal to UKE NOM — Was WEL hi via the Sil Route lalo ‘Europe trom the wild appie woods of Kazakhstan, Loe: Yoo, wll, I'd lke to have said more about the development ‘of grating in ancient China, as a way of producing predictable varitias. ft was 60 early in history Tutor: Butit’s the natural development of the original wid apple into new species that paople wanted more about. Which says a ot or your presentation. You ectwussd your audience! So, now we need: {0 discuss the form your folow-up work wil take, Are you going to produce a paper? Or are you thinking of putting itll up on the depariment website? ‘Anita: Um, [felt we could do both. And we could do a poster of some of the data, But Loo wasn’t sure, Loe: No, (25) Lihink would Le enough to use the welts, We wan ff link o our email or queries, That would save time and trees! ‘Tutor think Leo's right, A poster woud be nice, but i take too, much time. rita: OK, Refore you hear the rest of thd conversation, you have some time 10 look at questions 26 10 30. (Pause de econding for 30 seconds] 230 | Test 6 Transcript Now listen and answer questions 26 to 30. “Tutor: Now I just want to give you a few pointers about the techniques of your presentation. Mosty it was good, but there are & few things you need to bear in mind next time you do one. (26) You. both managed the hardware, | mean the projector and things, veny well indeed, which is always @ great help. Anita: Good, Lee: Thanks, Tutor: You'd obviously checked it out carefully Arita: We didn’t realise the software on the laptop was abit cilforent from the one thave. ‘Tutor: But you sorted aut the problem very quickly and ln’ fet ‘luster you. so it wasn’. abig problem, We could all ead the map. hon we nooded 1, ‘Anita: So i. was OK. out we pould hava cna patter, we realise, ‘Tutor: Wm. There was a bt atthe end wher | felt something didn't (90 as you'd planned ~ am tight? Loe: We had a few macs which we ended up leaving out, because ‘we needed to get on to cur conclusipns. ‘Anita: Yes, (28) i 100K loner to exolaln th aspects of Tutor: Ana fromm tha, wal, (29) lout was pect adequate for @ seminar tke this, i.gave all the key information, and Anita: OK, Lee: Yes, sony, me wil “Tutor: And finaly, other students wil be prosenting projects Iste in the course. I shal be reminding them (30) haw well you both spoke ‘and that no one had any problem hearing or uncersianding either. inh i follow. Lee: Oh, thank you. ‘Anita: Yes, thanks vary much, This feedback has been very helpful “Tutor: Well done, both of you. See you in a fortnight. Arita and Lee: Bye. Thanks, Tats hea of secon 3 You no have Blane chock ‘pour answers, [Pause the reoaling for 30 seoonds Now tor to section 4oes @ LISTENING SECTION 4 You will hear a lecturer describing some investigations © inn the sense of tae First yors have some thne to Took ot @ [Pause the recording for one minute] auestions 371060, © Now tsten carefuly and answer questions 31 10 40. Lecturer This renting Im going to descibe for you afew ofthe @ Kinds of experiments that have boon usod to investigate the sence of testa, which snow recognised as being afar more complex @ and important ares of neurological sienes than wes prevously baleved by most people, The resis of some ofthese exparmants @ can be alte fun and | shal suaaest that you mav want to choose ne orto tot out in groups betore having a goat desiring @ now experimental procedure of your oun an tying Yo pinpoint he @ cause of yourfinaings. @ Thetirst one concerns a marketing exercise bye sot drinks somnany (41) The ataen nnlovr of aoma rane wae etree hy the addition of yellow, so they were a brighter green. Then test subjects ‘were asked what they thought about the flavour ofthe dink in the new-siyle cans, and (82) thay stated that there was more ime in the ring if twas in the ones with the new colour. This was because the brain picks up cuss from the way the product Is presented, as well as the product itself, which tigger taste sensations. Before food as packaged, humans used colour to gauge the ripeness of ful, ‘or example. Next there's the ol probiem with chewing gum. Everyone knows ‘hat after a few minutes’ chewing it loses its minty flavour, However, (89) ityou.ask eoole to chew up to the point where it becomes. ‘tasteless, and then ask them to eat a litle euoar and continue ‘chewing, to most people's surprise, what happans is that (84) the ‘original mintiness actually returns because itis the sweeiness wrich @ is needed to make the mintiness perceptible. So comisinations of favours van Le siguiNgan, as the brain mieeds one OF rem In Orcer @ © recognise the other. @G¢eees Another experient domonstates something we've al dono. @ Devic atta tay de stag rom the figs end then eave attoom temperature fora wile Take a sip and yournay wed f@ Sosbe you con tine i a Ine warm cris 0 ete be teresting, So put te rest back nthe idge urls eed aga @ amin. Mh ster F couse the awarinas coer change, fe er perception, Beosuse how swost tastes Soporca om tho temperature, The exter to which the ck sswcetonedislese tice the ek hs been cooled sq Sie: nteresting result hes been derived om exproants wth ‘ound. (36) One of these involved eating crisps, Subiacts were. ‘RlLnto soundproot rooms and given batches of crisps to eat. AS @ iney ate, the sound of crunching wnich they made es they ate the cries was played back to thom. Thia waa edjuated 20 that they @ sometimes heard the crunching as louder, or, at othr times, mero high-frequency sounds were auibie in the sound feedback that @ 22 paried tet eating. (67 Fascinainas tne scund level was louder or higher frequency they reported thatthe crisps were aciualy fresher Of course. the crsos were infact the same every @ fimo! So, twas clear that the lovel and qualty of what they were hesring was influencing thelr taste perceptions. 8 @ ee ee ‘So, we've looked brief at colour at complementary favours, at ‘temperature and sound, It seeme that all the senses are working ‘together here, but what about the sanse of touch? A number of ‘experiments have bash dene in this aves. i you take, for instanca, ‘cheese sauce and prepare different versions, some thicker and ‘some thinner, but without any alteration in the strength of favour, What do you think the subjects perceive? Yup, ifthe sauce is thicker, they" say the chessy flavour is less strong. it was clear that ‘the thing (29) that wes influenci us ‘abou! the flavour of the sauces was the texture of each one, Now, this, result is important for dettians as well as markating executives. Lastly, another variation on the two flavours theme. This concerns the capacity ofthe brain for bridging a sensory gap. (38) The. sublects in this exneciment stuck out their tonques so that the ‘sawbory flavoured and one suger flavoured, The testors then took ‘way each flavour in turn, When the swestness was taken away, the subjects reported they could herly taste anything, (40) but they ‘continued to think they could taste strawberry even after twas. Taken away! So that taste gap was mea. Wel, that's just a quick look at some of the examples inthe current Itecature, The references will be in the handout you'l get at the ‘ond of the eascion, Now let's soe about trying & few of them for ‘ourselves. ‘That isthe end of section 4. You now have half a minute fo check your answers, [Pause the seeoeding fr 30 seconds] Thar is the end of the listening test In the IELTS rest you would ow have 10 minutes fo transfer your answers to the Listening. Anwver sheet ‘Test 6 Transcript | 231