Rational Numbers

MATHEMATICAL REASONING 5. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

(a) Every point on the number line represents
a rational number.
65 12
1. Divide the sum of and by their (b) The product of a rational number and its
12 7 reciprocal is 0.
difference.
(c) (17  12)1  17 1  12
599
(a) 1
311 (d) Reciprocal of , a  0 is a.
a
680
(b)
216
a
642 6. The multiplicative inverse of  is______.
(c) b
133
a b
501 (a) (b)
(d) b a
301
b
(c)  (d) None of these
a
2. The sum of the additive inverse and 1
1
multiplicative inverse of is _____. 7. Which of the following properties of rational
5
numbers is given below?
24
(a) 7  8 13  7 8 7 13
5      
4  3 12  4 3 4 12
24
(b)  (a) Commutativity of addition
5
(b) Associativity of multiplication
(c) 25
(c) Distributivity of multiplication over
(d) 25
addition
(d) Distributivity of addition over
28
3. The product of two rational numbers is multiplication
81
14
If one of the numbers is , then find the 2  3 2
27 8. If x  , then |  x | is equal to_____.
5
other number.
8 8
2 8 (a) (b) 
(a) (b) 5 5
5 17
(c) 0 (d) 1
2 4
(c)  (d) 
3 3 9. Which of the following options is true?
5 7 9 11
 1  2a  (a)   
4. If a = 7, then the value of    is____. 7 9 11 13
 a5  11 9 7 5
13 15 (b)   
(a)  (b)  13 11 9 7
2 2 5 11 7 9
13 15 (c)   
(c) (d) 7 13 9 11
2 2 5 9 11 7
(d)   
7 11 13 9
10. The rational number which is not lying 4
15. If x   , then which of the following
5 1 11
between and is________.
16 2 rational number lies between x and x ?
3 7 7 11
(a) (b) (a) (b) 
8 16 13 15
1 13 2 5
(c) (d) (c)  (d)
4 32 11 8

 3 5  9 4  5 6 
11. Simplify :            EVERYDAY MATHEMATICS
 11 6   12 3   13 15 
177
(a) 
286 16. There are 42 students in a class. Out of these,
303 3 2
(b)  of the boys and of the girls come to
40 4 3
289 school by bus. The total number of boys and
(c)
492 girls of the same class who come to school by
17 bus is 30. How many boys are there in the
(d)
24 class?
(a) 20 (b) 24
 3 2 (c) 26 (d) 16
12. What should be subtracted from    to
4 3
1 17. Mrs Priya earns Rs. 18000 per month. She
get ? 7 1
6 spends on household items and on
6 1 12 8
(a)  (b) rest of the things. The amount she saves is
13 4
____.
2 1
(c) (d)  (a) Rs. 7120
7 8
(b) Rs. 5250
(c) Rs. 5520
3 7  3  9  3  6 (d) Rs. 6562.50
13. Simplify:      .
8 2  5  8  2  5
2 41 1
(a) (b) 18. One fruit salad recipe requires cup of
3 10 2
39 41 sugar. Another recipe for the same fruit salad
(c) (d)
5 10 requires 2 tablespoons of sugar. If 1
1
tablespoon is equivalent to cup, how
2 3 16
14. If x  and y  , then find the value of
3 2 much more sugar does the first recipe
( x  y)  ( x  y) . require?
15 13 4 6
(a) (b)  (a) cup (b) cup
2 5 5 5
17 11 3 5
(c) (d)  (c) cup (d) cup
6 6 8 8
19. The wingspans of different species of birds is 22. Match the following.
given below.
Column – I Column – II
Species of
Blue jay
Golden
Seagull Albatross (P) Product of a rational number
birds eagle (i) -1
and its reciprocal is
Length of 41 1 7 3 12 x
wingspans
m 2 m 1 m 3 m (Q) If and are equivalent,
100 2 10 5 30 5 (ii) 0
then x 
How much longer is the wingspan of a
 8  32 16   7
Golden eagle than the wingspan of a Blue (R)        (iii) 2
jay?  21  39 13   4
209 (S) Sum of a rational number
(a) (iv) 1
cm and its additive inverse is
100
209
(b) m (a) (P)  (iv): (Q)  (iii); (R)  (i); (S)  (ii)
100 (b) (P)  (i); (Q)  (iii): (R)  (iv); (S)  (ii)
9 (c) (P)  (iv): (Q)  (iii); (R)  (ii): (S)  (i)
(c) m
100 (d) (P)  (i); (Q)  (iv); (R)  (iii); (S)  (ii)
215
(d) cm
100 23. Fill in the blanks.
(i) 0 is neither P nor Q .
20. There are few adults and children in a (ii) R has/have no reciprocal.
3 (iii) The rational numbers S and T are
restaurant. If of the people in the
8 equal to their reciprocal.
restaurant are adults and there are 90 more
children than adults, then how many children P Q R S T
are there in the restaurant? (a) Positive negative 1 1/2 -1/2
(a) 180 (b) Integer rational 0 -1 0
(b) 200 (c) Positive negative 0 1 -1
(c) 225 (d) Natural integer -1 1 -1
(d) 230
24. Which of the following options holds?
Statement - 1: Rational numbers are closed
ACHIEVERS SECTION (HOTS) under division.
Statement - 2: The value of
21. Which of the following options is  7 15   1 1 1 17
 18  7    1  4    2  4  is .
INCORRECT?       24
(a) The rational number 0 is the additive (a) Both Statement -1 and Statement – 2 are
identity for rational numbers. true.
(b) The additive inverse of the rational (b) Statement -1 is true and Statement – 2 is
number a/b is – a/b and vice-versa. false.
(c) Rational numbers are closed under the (c) Statement -1 is false but Statement – 2 is
operations of subtraction, multiplication and true.
division. (d) Both Statement - 1 and Statement – 2 are
(d) There are infinite rational numbers false.
between any two rational numbers.
25. State 'T' for true and 'F' for false. 28
3. (c): Product 
8 81
(i) The rational number lies neither to the
3 14
One of the two numbers 
right nor to the left of zero on the number 27
line. Product 28 14
 Other number   
1 5 First number 81 27
(ii) The rational numbers and  are on
2 2 28 27 2
  
the opposite sides of 0 on the number line. 81 14 3
(iii) 0 is the smallest rational number.
(iv) For every rational number x, x  1  x . 4. (c): We have, a  7
 1  2a   1  14  13
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) So,      
 a5   75  2
(a) F T T F
(b) T F F F
5. (d): (a) Every point on the number line is not
(c) F T F F
only rational number, it can be irrational
(d) T T F F
number also.
(b) The product of a rational number and its
ANSWER KEY reciprocal is 1.
1. A 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. D 1
(c) (17  12)1   17 1  121
6. C 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. C (17  12)
11. A 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C 1
16. B 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. C (d) Reciprocal of , a  0 is a.
a
21. C 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. C
 a
6. (c) : Multiplicative inverse of    is
HINTS & EXPLANATIONS  b
1
 a b
 b    a .
65 12  
1. (a): Let x  and y 
12 7
According to question, 7. (c) :
 65 12   65 12 
(x  y)  (x  y)      
 12 7   12 7  2  3  2 2  6 8
8. (a); We have, x   
 455  144   455  144  5 5 5
   8 8
 84   84  So,  x  
5 5
 599   311  599 84 599
     .
 84   84  84 311 311
5 7 9 11
9. (a) : We have, , , ,
7 9 11 13
1 1
2. (a): Additive inverse of is  and L.C.M. of 7,9, 11, 13=9009
5 5
5 5  9  11  13 6435
1   
multiplicative inverse of
is 5. 7 7  9  11  13 9009
5
7 7  7  11  13 7007
1 5 1  25 24  
So, their sum     . 9 9  7  11  13 9009
5 1 5 5
9 9  7  9  13 7371
 
11 11  7  9  13 9009
 11 11  7  9  11 7623 16. (b): Let number of boys in the class be x.
 
13 13  7  9  11 9009  Number of girls in the class  42  x
6435 7007 7371 7623 3 2
   According to question, x  (42  x)  30
9009 9009 9009 9009 4 3
5 7 9 11 3 2 x
    .  x  x  28  30   2  x  24
7 9 11 13 4 3 12
 Number of bo0ys in the class =24
10. (c) :
17. (b): Savings =Earnings - Sum of
11. (a): We have. expenditures
 3 5  9 4  5 6   7 1  
 11  6    12  3    13  15  =Rs. 18000-Rs.     18000
       12 8  
5 2 65  286  44 177  17 
 1   =Rs. 18000-Rs.   18000   Rs. 5250
22 13 286 286  24 

12. (b): Let the required number be x. 1

 3 2 1 18. (c): We have, 1 tablespoon = cup
Then,     x   16
4 3 6 2 1
 2 table spoons  cup = cup
 3 2 1 9 8  2 3 1 16 8
 x      
4 3 6 12 12 4 So, the amount of sugar requires in second
1 1
 Required number  recipe = cup
4 8
Also, amount of sugar requires in first recipe
3 7  3  9  3  6 1
13. (d):      = cup
8 2  5  8  2  5 2
3 7 3 9 3 6 1 1 4 1 3
       Difference     cup
8 2 5 8 2 5 2 8 8 8
15  140  24  45  60  48 164 41 3
   So, cup more sugar required for first
40 40 10 8
recipe.
2 3
14. (b): We have, x  ,y  41
3 2 19. (b) : Wingspan of Blue jay = m
100
 2 3  2 3
 (x  y)  (x  y)         1 5
 3 2  3 2 Wingspan of Golden eagle  2 m  m
2 2
13  5  13  6  13
      Wingspan of a Golden eagle is longer than
6  6  6  5  5 wingspan of Blue jay by
 5 41   250  41  209
15. (c); We have, x  4 / 11  2  100  m   100  m  100 m
   
4 4
Rational numbers between and
11 11 20. (c); Let total number of people ln the
4 4 restaurant be x. Then, number of adults
i.e., between and are
11 11 3
 x
3 2 1 1 2 3 8
, , ,0, , ,
11 11 11 11 11 11
 3
Number of children   x  90 
8 
3 3 
According to question, x   x  90   x
8  8 
6x 2x
x  90   90  x  360
8 8
3x
Number of children   90
8
 135  90  225

21. (c) :

22. (a) : (P) Product of a rational number and Its

reciprocal is 1.
12 x 6 12 6 x
(Q)     x2
30 5 6 30 30
 8  32 16   7
(R) We have,      
 21  39 13   4
 8  32 13   7  8  2   7
           
 21  39 16   4  21  3   4
8 3  7 4 7
       1
 21 2  4 7 4
(S) Sum of a rational number and its additive
inverse is 0.

23. (c) :

24. (c) : Non-zero rational numbers are closed

under division. So, Statement-1 is false.
Now,
 7 15   1 1 1 5 1 1
 18  7    1  4    2  4   6  4  8
     
20  6  3 17
  . So, Statement-2 is true.
24 24

25. (c) :