INTEGRATED INNOVATION AND HOSPITALITY COLLEGES, INC.

(Formerly International Institute of Hospitality Services, Inc.)

Dela Rama Bldg. Buenamar St. Brgy. Novaliches Proper, Novaliches, Quezon City

FOOTBALL
DEFINITION OF FOOTBALL ORIGIN/ETYMOLOGY OF FOOTBALL
Football is a team sport that involves two teams of 11 players each, who compete to score points
by kicking or carrying a ball into the opposing team's goal. The game is played on a rectangular
field with goalposts at either end, and involves various movements such as passing, dribbling,
and tackling.

The term "football" comes from the English words "foot" and "ball". It originally referred to a
variety of games in which players used their feet to manipulate a ball
.

FOOTBALL HISTORY IMPORTANCE OF FOOTBALL

HISTORY OF FOOTBALL
 A family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal.
Unqualified, the word football normally means the form of football that is the most popular
where the word is used.
 Sports commonly called football include association football (known as soccer in North
America, Ireland and Australia); gridiron football (specifically American football or
Canadian football); Australian rules football; rugby union and rugby league; and Gaelic
football. These various forms of football share to varying extents common origins and are
known as "football codes".
 The Federation Internationale de Football Association Founded in 1904 to provide unity
among national soccer associations, the Federation Internationale de Football Association
(FIFA) boasts 209 members, rivaling that of the United Nations, and is arguably the most
prestigious sports organization in the world.
The Father of American Football
Walter Chauncey Camp (April 7, 1859 – March 14, 1925) was an American college football
player and coach, and sports writer known as the "Father of American Football". Among a long
list of inventions, he created the sport's line of scrimmage and the system of downs.

The health benefits of football include:

• Improving heart health and blood pressure
• Increasing muscle mass and bone strength in inactive individuals
• Reducing body fat
• Building strength, stamina and speed
• Training your brain, improving concentration and coordination
• Promoting teamwork, being social and boosting your confidence

POPULAR FOOTBALL TEAM FAMOUS PLAYER

PSG
 France most successful club
 Won over 40 official honours, including
eleven league titles and one major
European trophy
 Parc des Princes
 Domestic quadruple

Bayern Munich
 Professional men's football team
 Plays in the Bundesliga, the top tier of the
German football league system
 Most successful club in German football
history
 Won a record 33 national titles, including
11 consecutively since 2013, and 20
national cups, along with numerous
European honours
Arcenal FC
 Arsenal was the first club from the South
of England to join the Football League in
1893, and they reached the First Division
in 1904. Relegated only once, in 1913, they
continue the longest streak in the top
division, and have won the second-most
top-flight matches in English football
history
 English professional football club based in
Islington, London
 Won 13 league titles (including one
unbeaten title), a record 14 FA Cups, two
League Cups, 16 FA Community Shields,
one European Cup Winners' Cup, and one
Inter-Cities Fairs Cup
 Third-most successful club in
English
football

Real Madrid CF
 Spanish professional football club based in
Madrid. Founded in 1902, the club has a
storied history and has been a constant
presence in La Liga, the top tier of Spanish
football, since the league's establishment in
1929. With an impressive record of
domestic and international achievements
Globally
 Real Madrid TV, Hala Madrid, FIFA and
Pro Evolution Soccer series
 Real Madrid C.F. is the second richest in
the world in terms of revenue, and the
second most valuable club in the world
(2017)
Chelsea FC
 English professional football club based in
Fulham, West London
 The club has won numerous competitive
honours, including the Premier League title
(6 times), the FA Cup (8 times), the League
Cup (4 times), and the Champions League
(2 times)

Football Club Barcelona

 Professional football club
based in
Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, that competes
in La Liga, the top flight of Spanish
football
 Has won 30 Copas del Rey, more than any
other team
 Has won La Liga 26 times and has never
been relegated to a lower division
 Spanish football league (1929)

Manchester United Football

Club
 Man United
 Professional football club based in Old
Trafford, Greater Manchester, England
 Since 1992, we have won the Premier
League 13 times. In total, we have won a
record 20 English League titles, a record 12
FA Cups, 4 League Cups, 3 European
Champions Cups and 1 FIFA Club World
Cup, making us one of the most successful
clubs in England.
 Juventus F.C.
 Juve
 Professional football club based in Turin,
Piedmont, Italy
 One of Italy's oldest and most successful
clubs, with more Italian league
championships than any other team
 Has won 70 official titles on the national
and international stage

Manchester City F.C

 English professional football club based in
Manchester that competes in the Premier
League, the top flight of English football
 Man City
 Won nine league titles, seven FA Cups,
eight League Cups, six FA Community
Shields, one European Cup Winners' Cup,
and one Champions League
 St Mark's Church

Liverpool F.C.
 Professional football club
based in
Liverpool, England
 The Reds
 Liverpool has won six European Cups –
more than any other English team
 The first LFC team was made entirely of
Scottish players
 Lionel Messi
 Lionel Andrés Messi
 Argentine professional footballer
 Forward for Ligue 1 club
Paris SaintGermain and captains
the Argentina national team

Cristiano Rolando
 Portuguese professional footballer
 Forward and captains both
Saudi
Professional League club and the Portugal
national team
 Real Madrid

Pelé
 Edson Arantes do Nascimento
 Brazilian professional footballer
 Forward
 GPOAT
Neymar da Silva Santos
Júnior
 Brazilian professional footballer
 Forward for Ligue 1 club
Paris Saint-
Germain and the Brazil national team
 Santos

Xavier Hernández Creus

 Spanish professional football manager and
former player who is the manager of La
Liga club Barcelona
 Midfielder
 Manager
 Vincent Kompany
 Belgian professional football manager and
former player
 Man City
 Defender
 Also represented the Belgium national
team for 15 years, seven as captain

MEASUREMENTS AND SPECIFICATIONS OF EQUIPMENT

THE FIELD
• The field is rectangular with a maximum dimension of 110mts x 75mts and a
minimum dimension of 100mts x 64mts.
• The longer boundary lines being called the touch lines and shorter lines the goal
lines. • The center of the field is indicated by a suitable mark and a circle with a 9.15m
radius marked round it.
THE GOAL
•Goal is a pair of posts linked by a cross bar, forming a space into which the ball has to
be sent to score.
GOAL LINE
• There is a line between the posts of a goal called goal line which is extended from the
end boundary of the field of play.
THE GOAL AREA
• The area bounded by these lines and the goal line. ( Box 20 yards wide by 6 yards deep
inside)
THE PENALTY AREA
• The ground in front of the goal is called Penalty area.(18yds from each goal posts,
18yds and are joined by a line drawn parallel with the goal line and 12yds from the mid
point of the goal line)
THE CORNER AREA
• A quarter of a circle in the corner of the pitch. (radius of 1yd is drawn inside the field)

THE BALL
• The ball is spherical.
• The outer casing is of leather or other approved materials.
• The circumference of the ball should not be more than 27-28 inches.
• The weight of the ball at the start of the game must be within 14-16oz.

EQUIPMENT
JERSEY
• A shirt worn by members of a team to identify their affiliation with the team.
• Jerseys identify their wearers' names and/or numbers, generally showing the colors and
logo of the team.
SHORTS
• They became known as "knickers", and were referred to by this term until the 1960s
when "shorts" became the preferred term.
• Initially, almost all teams wore knickers of a contrasting color to their shirts.
SHIN GUARDS OR SHIN PAD
• A piece of equipment worn on the front of an athlete's shin to protect it from injury.
STOCKINGS
• A pair of tight-fitting coverings for player's legs that keep great comfort over long
distance run-in.
SHOES
• a type of special shoe worn when playing football, usually with studs (small, pointed
parts that stick out from the bottom of the shoe)

TOURNAMENTS VENUES

Top 10 Football Tournaments

1. FIFA World Cup:
The pinnacle of international football, held every four years and featuring national teams
from around the world
2. UEFA Champions League:
The premier club competition in Europe, featuring the top teams from domestic leagues
competing for continental supremacy.
3. Copa Libertadores:
The most prestigious club competition in South America, involving teams from across
the continent.
4. UEFA European Championship:
Held every four years, this tournament brings together the top national teams from
Europe
5. Copa America:
 The oldest international football tournament, contested by national teams from South
America.
6. AFC Asian Cup:
The premier tournament for national teams in Asia, held every four years.
7. CAF Africa Cup of Nations:
The most important tournament for African national teams, taking place every two years.
8. CONCACAF Gold Cup:
The primary competition for national teams in North and Central America and the
Caribbean, held every two years.
9. English Premier League:
Widely regarded as one of the most competitive and prestigious domestic leagues in the
world.
10. Bundesliga:
The top professional league in Germany, known for its high-quality football and
passionate fans.

FOOTBALL POSITIONS AND PLAYERS

A number is assigned to each position. When you apply numbers to specific formations, you can
better identify where players line.

1– Goalkeeper
2– Right Fullback
3– Left Fullback
4– Center Back
5– Center Back (or Sweeper, if used)
6– Defending/Holding Midfielder
7– Right Midfielder/Winger
8– Central/Box-to-Box Midfielder
9– Striker
10– Attacking Midfielder/Playmaker
11– Left Midfielder/Wingers

DEFENSIVE SOCCER POSITIONS

1 – Goalkeeper (GK): this player protects the net. Also known as the keeper or goalie, this is the
only player allowed to use their hands and arms to block shots and pick up the ball while the
game’s in play.

Defenders/Backs: These are the field players closest to the net. They are responsible for
protecting the goalie, blocking shots and stopping the other team’s offensive players from
passing, receiving, shooting and scoring.

4/5 – Center Back (CB): Also known as the central defender, center fullback or stopper, this
position plays in the middle of the rear defensive line. which will hang back to protect the goal.

3/2 – Fullback (LB, RB): They usually play wide to protect the sides of the field, but they can
also assist with protecting the center as needed.
3/2 – Wingback (LWB, RWB): This position They play wide left and right, running up and
down the field.

5 – Sweeper (SW): this player positions themselves between the goalie and the main defensive
line. Their job is to sweep up any balls that get past the defensive backs.

MIDFIELD SOCCER POSITIONS As you could probably guess, midfielders, or

halfbacks, play mostly in the middle of the field.

4 or 6 – Defensive Midfielder (DM): Also known as a holding midfielder, they play directly in
front of the defenders. They are responsible for keeping the ball outside of their zone,
intercepting the other team’s passes, getting the ball away from the opponent and helping their
offensive line by keeping the ball in the other team’s zone.

8 – Central Midfielder (CM): Often considered the most hardworking role, this player has to be
ready for action and can play both defensively and offensively, depending on where the ball is.
They are responsible for distributing the ball to other players, so it’s vital that they have
exceptional ball handling and passing skills.

10 – Attacking Midfielder (AM): The attacking They must know how to score goals and
dribble well to avoid the opponent’s defenders. They are the playmakers.
11/7 – Left/Right Midfielder (LM, RM): Also known as wingers or outside midfielders, these
players will stay wide, helping pull the opponent’s defense to the outside to create space for their
offensive line.

OFFENSIVE SOCCER POSITIONS

Forwards, or strikers, are the primary attackers and play closest to the opponent’s goal. Their
main objective is to score as often as possible.

9 – Center Forward (CF): Center forwards and strikers They must focus on scoring, whether
this means dribbling past opponents when they have the ball or ensuring they stay open for a pass
when they don’t. Being able to head the ball accurately can really come in handy here.

9 – Striker (S): This player positions themselves nearest to the other team’s goal, in front
of the center forward. A striker’s primary role is to score.

10 – Second Striker (SS): When used, they sit right behind the center forward and are
mainly responsible for setting up scoring opportunities for other attackers. They should be able
to shield the ball from the other team and hold them off while waiting for their teammates to
position themselves for a good shot.
GENERAL RULES AND REGULATION

 You cannot touch the ball with your hands or arms intentionally unless you are
the goalie.
 The whole ball must cross the goal line for it to constitute as a goal.
 A match consist of two 45 minutes half with a 15 minutes rest period in between
 There must be no more that 11 players on the field of play for either team
 Players must wear the same colored jersey or shirts and their complete attire, only
the goal keeper can wear any color of the shirt to determine its position or goal
 Each game must include one referee and two assistant referees
 Two linesmen may assist the referee in controlling the game. The linesmen’s duty
is to signal to the referee when the ball is out; to indicate a corner kick, a goal
kick or to designate which team is entitled to the throw-in.
 A kick off is taken to start a game, to restart play after a goal has been scored or to
start the second half or a new quarter. At kickoff all players must be on their
team’s half of the field. The ball is placed on the center spot in the middle of the
center circle. The ball must be kicked forward at least one full rotation into the
opponents’ “half of the field.” The team that kicks off to begin the game is
determined by a coin toss between the captains and the referee.
 A goal can only be scored if the entire ball goes completely over the outside edge
of the goal line, under the cross bar and between the goal posts while it is in play.
 If one of the penalty fouls is committed and the referee blows his whistle and calls
a foul, the opposing team gets a direct free kick. A “direct” kick means the
opponent can try to score a goal directly from the kick. If the player committing
the major foul receives a “red card” from the referee, he must leave the game, and
is not allowed to return.
 A penalty kick is awarded when a defender commits a penal or major foul with
the penalty area. The team that was fouled is given a penalty kick from the
penalty mark. All players except the goalkeeper must remain outside the penalty
area and penalty arc until the kick is taken.
 If a ball goes over the goal line and is last touched by the defending team, the
attacking teams is awarded a corner kick. The corner kick may be taken by any
player on the attacking team. The kicker is allowed to score a goal by kicking the
 ball directly into the goal. The opponents must be 10 yards back from the ball on
a corner kick. The kicker is not allowed to play the ball again until a player from
either team touches the ball.
BASIC FOOTBALL SKILLS
8 Basic Football Skills

1. BLOCKING
known as interference (or running interference) involves legal movements in which one
player uses his body to obstruct another player's path.

2. PASSING ACCURACY
ability to make a precise pass to an open teammate

3. DRIBBLING
maneuvering a ball by one player while moving in a given direction, avoiding defenders'
attempts to intercept the ball.

4. SHOOTING hitting the ball in an attempt

to score a goal.

5. TACKLING
a defensive move in various types of football. It aims to stop an opponent who is running
with the ball

6. RECEIVING
the individual act of obtaining the ball from a pass or an interception, getting it under
control, and then setting it

7. DECISION MAKING broadly refers to choosing an action, tactic, or

technique that benefits the team.

8. HEADING
a technique that is used in association football to control the ball using the head to pass,
shoot, or clear.
GLOSSARY AND TERMS
Football Terms

Attacker
A player whose job is to play the ball forward towards the opponent's goal area to create a
scoring opportunity.
Back Heel
A ball kicked using the back (heel) of the foot.
Back Pass
A pass that a player makes back toward their own goal, usually made back to the goalkeeper.
This is often a defensive move to restart a new phase of play.
Ball Carrier
The player in possession of the ball.
Bending the Ball
Striking the ball off-center so that it travels in a curved path, ideally for shots at goal.
Bicycle Kick
A spectacular move in which a player jumps in the air in a backflip motion, kicking the ball
backward over their head. The name comes from action which mimics their legs moving as if
pedaling a bicycle.
Center Spot
The spot marked at the center of the field from which the kickoff is made.
Confederation
Organization responsible for football in their region (see acronyms)
Corner Flag
The flag marking each of the four corners of the field.
Corner Kick
A free kick taken from the corner of the field by an attacker. The corner kick is awarded when
the ball has passed over the goal line after last touching a defensive player. The shot is taken
from the corner nearest to where the ball went out.
Cross
A pass played across the face of a goal.
Defender
A player whose job is to stop the opposition attacking players from goal scoring.
Direct Free Kick
A free kick in which a goal may be scored by the player taking the free kick.
Dribble
Keeping control of the ball while running.
Dummy Run
A run by a player without the ball, to lure defenders away from the ball carrier.
Far Post
The goalpost farthest from the ball.
FIFA
The acronym used for the Federation Internationale de Football Association, the world governing
body for the game of association football, which is based in Switzerland.
Football
The term used for soccer in Europe and other countries outside of North America and Australia.
Foul
Any illegal play.
Free Kick
A kick awarded to an opposition player when an player has committed a foul. Free kicks can be
either direct or indirect. Futsal version of Fottball played indoors.
Give and Go
(also known as a 1-2) When a player passes the ball to a teammate, who immediately one-touch
passes the ball back to the first player.
Goal Area
The rectangular area in front of the goal. It is also known as the 6-yard box because of its
dimensions.
Goal Kick
A goal kick is awarded to the defending team when the ball is played over the goal line by the
attacking team. It can taken by any player though it is normally taken by the goalkeeper.
Goal Line
The two boundary lines located at each end of the field.
Goal Mouth
The area in front of the goal.
Goalkeeper
The specialized player who is the last line of defense, who is allowed to control the ball with his
hands when in the goal area.
Header
Using of the head to pass or control the ball.
Indirect Free Kick
A free kick awarded to a player from which a goal may not be scored directly.
Inswinger
A kick that curves in toward the goal.
Kickoff
The kickoff is taken from the center spot at the start of play at the beginning of each half and
after a goal has been scored.
Man to Man Marking
A defensive system where defenders are designated one attacking player to track continuously.
Midfielder
The playing position for players that are responsible for linking play between attackers and
defenders.
Nearpost
The goalpost nearest the ball.
Obstruction
Causing obstruction, which is blocking an opponent with the body, is penalized by awarding an
indirect free kick to the opposition.
Offside Trap
A technique used by defenders to put attacking players in an offside position, by moving quickly
away from their own goal to leave attackers offside.
Offside
A player is in an offside position if he is nearer to his opponent's goal line than both the ball and
the second-to-last opponent. This does not apply if the players is is on their half of the field. An
indirect free kick is awarded to the opposing team at the place where the offside occurred.
One-Touch Pass
A pass in which the ball is played on with a player's first touch.
Out Swinger
A kick that swerves away from the goal.
Penalty Area
The rectangular area in front of the goal in which the goalkeeper may handle the ball. It is also
known as the 18-yard box because of its dimensions.
Penalty Spot
The marked spot 12 yards from the goal line from which a penalty kick is taken.
Penalty
A penalty kick is awarded when a foul has been committed inside the penalty area in front of the
goal. A penalty is taken by one player opposed only by the goal keeper.
Pitch
The soccer field of play.
Red Card
A red card is issued to a player when that player has committed a serious infraction or has been
issued with two yellow cards within the same game. The red card held up by the referee to signal
that a player is being sent off. The player sent off cannot be replaced.
Referee
The official who is in charge of the game.
Shot
A kick, header, or any intended deflection of the ball toward a goal by a player attempting to
score a goal. Sliding Tackle
A tackle in which the defender slides along the surface of the field of play before making
onefooted contact with the ball. Strikern attacking player whose job is to finish attacking plays
by scoring a goal.
Sweeper
A defensive player whose job is to roam behind the other defenders.
A sweeper has no specific marking duties and is the last line of defense before the goalkeeper.
Tackle
To take the ball away from the opponent using the feet.
Through Pass
A pass played past defenders into free space to allow a teammate to run onto the ball.
Throw-In
The ball is thrown in after the ball has crossed the touch line. A player taking a throw in must
have both feet on or behind the touch line, must maintain contact with the ground, and must use a
two-handed throw made from behind the head. A goal cannot be score directly from a throw-in.
Toe Poke
Use of the toe to strike the ball.
Touch Line
The line that defines the outer edge of the longer sides of the field of play.
Trapping the Ball
Controlling the ball with the sole of the foot.
Volley
Striking the ball in mid-air with either foot.
Wingers
Attackers who play on the wings/flanks of the field.
Yellow Card
A yellow card is held up by a referee to signal a caution for a minor infringement.
Zone Defense
A defensive system where defenders mark a designated area of the field of play instead of
tracking players across the field

FOOTBALL PENALTIES AND VIOLATIONS LIST

Offensive Violations

Ineligible player downfield during a pass (5 yards) - Only certain players are eligible for a
pass during a play, such as the running backs, wide receivers, and tight ends. If a non-eligible
player, typically an offensive lineman, is more than two yards downfield during a pass play, it
will result in a penalty.

Helping the runner (10 yards) - Anytime an offensive player tries to help push or move the ball
carrier once he is being held by the defense.

Ineligible player downfield during a pass (5 yards) - Only certain players are eligible for a
pass during a play, such as the running backs, wide receivers, and tight ends. If a non-eligible
player, typically an offensive lineman, is more than two yards downfield during a pass play, it
will result in a penalty.

Helping the runner (10 yards) - Anytime an offensive player tries to help push or move the ball
carrier once he is being held by the defense.

Holding or illegal use of the hands by the offense (10 yards) - One of the key rules to football
is that blockers can't hold on or use their hands to grab defensive players. This is what makes
blocking difficult and gives the defense a chance to get to the ball carrier. If an offensive lineman
or blocker grabs, pulls, or tackles a defender, they will get called for holding.

Offensive pass interference (10 yards) - Pass interference can be called on both the offense and
the defense. Each player has the right to go after the ball and he cannot make contact, like
pushing, before the ball arrives. This is a 10 yard penalty when the offensive player does it.

Intentional grounding (10 yards, loss of down) - This is called when the quarterback throws a
pass to an area without a receiver in order to avoid being sacked. In the case where the
quarterback is outside of the tackle box (the area between the two tackles) he can purposely
throw the ball out of bounds as long as it goes beyond the line of scrimmage. In this case he will
not be called for grounding.

Illegal contact (5 yards) - Once a receiver is 5 yards beyond the line of scrimmage, the
defensive player may not block or "chuck" him to disrupt his route. Inside the 5 yards the
defender may block the receiver, but not hold him.

Defensive holding (5 yards, automatic first down) - A defensive player may not tackle, hold,
or throw down an offensive player other than the ball carrier. This penalty is often called on
defensive backs who impede the progress of a receiver. If they do this before the ball is thrown, a
holding penalty is called. If the ball is in the air, then pass interference is called.

Pass interference by the defense (at the spot of the penalty) - When the ball is in the air, each
player has an equal right to go after the ball. They cannot impede their opponent from getting to
the ball. Pass interference is often called on a safety or cornerback for grabbing a receiver or
hitting a receiver just before the ball arrives. The result is an automatic first down and the team
gets the ball at the point of the penalty (note: in college and high school it is a 15 yard penalty).

Special Teams Violations

Kickoff out of bounds (5 yards) - If the kickoff goes out of bounds (not in the end zone) and no
one touches it, they get a 5 yard penalty and have to re-kick. If this happens a second time, the
receiving team may accept the ball 30 yards from where the ball was kicked or at the point where
the ball went out of bounds.
Ineligible player downfield during a punt (5 yards) - With the exception of the two players on
the end, the rest of the offensive players must stay on the line of scrimmage until the ball is
kicked. If they move downfield before the ball is kicked, it will be a 5 yard penalty.