Linear Search - Algorithm

• Step 1 - Read the search element from the user.

• Step 2 - Compare the search element with the first element in the list.
• Step 3 - If both are matched, then display "Given element is found!!!"
and terminate the function.
• Step 4 - If both are not matched, then compare search element with the
next element in the list.
• Step 5 - Repeat steps 3 and 4 until search element is compared with last
element in the list.
• Step 6 - If last element in the list also doesn't match,
then display "Element is not found!!!" and terminate the function

4/6/2022 5.1 _ Searching 1

Best Case Time Complexity of Linear Search:
O(1)

Average Case Time Complexity of Linear

Search: O(N)

Worst Case Time Complexity of Linear Search:

O(N)

Space Complexity of Linear Search: O(1)

 Binary Search - Algorithm
• Step 1 - Read the search element from the user.
• Step 2 - Find the middle element in the sorted list.
• Step 3 - Compare the search element with the middle element in
the sorted list.
• Step 4 - If both are matched, then display "Given element is
found!!!" and terminate the function.
• Step 5 - If both are not matched, then check whether the search
element is smaller or larger than the middle element.
• Step 6 - If the search element is smaller than middle element,
repeat steps 2, 3, 4 and 5 for the left sublist of the middle element.
• Step 7 - If the search element is larger than middle element, repeat
steps 2, 3, 4 and 5 for the right sublist of the middle element.
• Step 8 - Repeat the same process until we find the search element
in the list or until sublist contains only one element.
• Step 9 - If that element also doesn't match with the search
element, then display "Element is not found in the list!!!" and
terminate the function.
4/6/2022 5.1 _ Searching 3
Best Case Time Complexity of Binary Search:
O(1)

Average Case Time Complexity of Binary

Search: O(logN)

Worst Case Time Complexity of Binary Search:

O(logN)

Space Complexity of Binary Search: O(1) for

iterative, O(logN) for recursive.
 Insertion Sort - Algorithm
• To sort an array of size n in ascending order:
– 1: Iterate from arr[1] to arr[n] over the array.
– 2: Compare the current element (key) to its
predecessor.
– 3: If the key element is smaller than its
predecessor, compare it to the elements before.
Move the greater elements one position up to
make space for the swapped element.

4/6/2022 5.2 _ Sorting 5

 Selection Sort - Algorithm
• Step 1 − Set MIN to location 0
• Step 2 − Search the minimum element in the list
• Step 3 − Swap with value at location MIN
• Step 4 − Increment MIN to point to next
element
• Step 5 − Repeat until list is sorted

4/6/2022 5.2 _ Sorting 6

 Bubble Sort - Algorithm

4/6/2022 5.2 _ Sorting 7

 Quick Sort – Algorithm(Pivot)
• Step 1 - Consider the first element of the list as pivot (i.e., Element at first
position in the list).
• Step 2 - Define two variables i and j. Set i and j to first and last elements
of the list respectively.
• Step 3 - Increment i until list[i] > pivot then stop.
• Step 4 - Decrement j until list[j] < pivot then stop.
• Step 5 - If i < j then exchange list[i] and list[j].
• Step 6 - Repeat steps 3,4 & 5 until i > j.
• Step 7 - Exchange the pivot element with list[j] element.

4/6/2022 5.2 _ Sorting 8

 Merge Sort - Algorithm

4/6/2022 5.2 _ Sorting 9

 Time and Space Complexity

4/6/2022 5.2 _ Sorting 10

 Thank you

4/6/2022 5.2 _ Sorting 11