Comenius &

Locke
EDUC 201 - Foundations of Education
Jane Gonzales & Austin Gonzales
 COMENIUS & LOCKE
EDUC 201 - Foundations of Education
What was your favorite childhood

toy/game?
JOHN
AMOS
COMENIUS
Father of Modern Education
Historical Context
Born in March 1592, in Margraviate

of Moravia (Czechoslovakia,)
Orphaned at a young age and lived

with his aunt in Strážnice

Lived during the 30 Years' War
Exiled to Poland
Deeply Religious (Protestant-

Christian)
lost his wife and children to the

harsh conditions
 Purpose of Education
Pansophism ("All Knowledge")
UNIVERSAL EDUCATION
everyone deserves access to

Education
Education and Religion are

inseperable
BRIEF, THOROUGH, AND EFFICIENT
Main recepient: Children
humans had the natural craving for knowledge and goodness
that schools beat out of them...
 Curriculum humans had the natural craving for knowledge and goodness
that schools beat out of them...

The Great Didactic

"Universal Instruction"
School of God's Wisdom
PHYSICAL (Nature & Senses)
METAPHYSICAL (Reason)
HYPERPHYSICAL (Faith & Scripture)

The Gate of Languages Unlocked

teach in the students' native language!
Orbis Pictus >>> "The World Illustrated"
textbook with pictures and images
Curriculum Division into 4 levels of learning:

School of Infancy: NURSERY

Secondary School: High School

Vernacular School: Primary University

 DISCUSSION POINT
John Comenius emphasizes the need to provide education to ALL

students and in diverse sectors. How have we been able to fulfill this

in our schools/experience in teaching?

“Let the main object... to seek and to find a method of instruction, by which

teachers may teach less, but learners learn more.”

John Amos Comenius

Methods of Instruction
Developmentally Appropriate
Use of dramatization in

the presentation of the

lesson
Making use of pictographs

like maps, charts,

SCAFFOLD-learning
Enjoyable & Experiential
Learning/Positive Reinforcement
Ø Follow 4 fundamental principles
1. Proper Timing
2. Things should be presented before words
3. Clear Explanation
4. Outlines of the Subject Explained
Go at child's pace
Include child's interest & talents
Review & repeat for mastery
Role of the Teacher
No longer focused on “What teachers can do”... but
What the students can do through the assistance of the teacher”

Understand how a child's

mind learns and develops

Demonstrate learning using

child's senses to learn better

Create a learning environment that

provides importance to the interest

of a child
Adapt materials to the ability of the

child to learn
Allow self-study and self-observation
 DISCUSSION POINT

How have the methods of teaching introduced by John Comenius

influenced schools' learning during the two-year pandemic period?
*UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO EDUCATION

(mandated by the constitution of every nation) New mindset on education: CHILD-LED Learning

COMENIUS

Significance of the Thinker's Contribution

Development of:
Structuring education

CREATIVITY (use of 5 senses)

into 4 levels of learning *Application of lifelong learning
COMMUNICATION (inter/intrapersonal)
skills (Performance tasks)
Additional Notes POSITIVE
POSITIVE POINTS
POINTS
Practice of thoroughness, brief and effective learning is important.
Education is never ending.
Schools are institutions that provide gradual/holistic growth for individuals.

Interestingly...
Comenius chose to desire God and use education to worship him. All of his

teaching was couched within an understanding of a God who is near and

who is involved with, and reveals Himself through His Creation and the

beings He created in His image.

ENLIGHTENMENT >>> God became relegated to spaces OUTSIDE education

Universal Education provides access to learning regardless of gender,

status, race. In University, entrance is restricted

 DISCUSSION POINT

Do universities and colleges that set entrance restrictions defy the principle

of Universal Access to education? Why/Why not?

The school is the

manufactory of

humanity.
Amos Comenius
John
JOHN
LOCKE
Father of Classical Liberalism
enlightenmen
t
What objects make/provide light?
 Historical Context
Born in England in 1632
the ENLIGHTENMENT - Age of Reason
Social and Political Philosopher
Physician who became a tutor to his

son,
Became a popular figure during the

early part of the Enlightenment Period

aka Age of Reason

Proponent of ideas that changed

Society, Education and Parenting

 Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)

Letters to Edward Clarke concerning:

How to Educate a CHILD

Who should rule over us (the people)?

What should we do with people having

different religious beliefs?

Eagerness to help RAISE EDWARD...

Purpose of Education
Develop a child into a VIRTUOUS Adult

(capable of self-denial and rationality)

Holistic: physical, moral and

intellectual development

Form an individual with a sound mind

in a sound body

Free society from political and

psychological tyranny. His book

Thoughts Concerning Education

became a guide to parenting

 Curriculum
Emphasis on:
Empirical knowledge & “Tabula Rasa”- EXPERIENCE
moral, social and vocational knowledge
Physical Education
subjects that underscore the prominence of experience
* science, geography, astronomy and mathematics
Language should be taught through talks rather than focused on
grammar
 DISCUSSION POINT

In the CURRICULUM of your dream school, how do you integrate

EXPERIENCE? What components are present that measure the

contributions of experience to a child’s learning?

 Methods of Instruction
PLAY and WANDER
Scaffolding

Hiring of Private Tutors

WORK = PLAY >>> BALANCED
Reject Extrinsic Motivation
Faculty of REASON

mens sana en corpore sano

“Use lettered blocks to teach reading, learn Latin through conversation, link history to

geography, don’t stuff young scholars with too much at a time, proceed by slow and gentle steps.
 Role of the Teacher
HOME SCHOOL - Parents as Educators and Formators
Importance of the PARENTS in the child's upbringing

(erziehung)
Instill in the Child a Love for REASON
Simplify the Lesson, be Efficient!
TEMPERAMENTS

LEARNING SHOULD BE PLEASANT

Be kind. Praise freely. Take them into your confidence, but don’t tolerate whining, dishonesty,

selfishness, affectation. Mothers should not coddle. Fathers should allow fear to ripen into

friendship.
 DISCUSSION POINT
How important is Guidance, Mental Health, Social Studies, Gender Studies,

Psych Studies in your dream school?

How involved should parents be in school/ in the education of their

children?
Significance of the Thinker's Contribution
Tabula rasa - Children are born a blank slate; we must then be able to

inspire goodness and develop a love for REASON

Use Games, play, and personalize the learning environment of the child

Healthy Body + Healthy Mind

HABITS > RULE = Encourage free and critical-thinking

Additional Notes take this quote...
“Schoolboys do not instruct each other justice, generosity and

sobriety… instead they are instructed in “well-laid plots of

robbing an orchard together”

Children are susceptible to peer-to-peer teaching of habits

imagine the environment of the student

Teach responsibility?

What happens outside the

school? (School-Bus Culture)

 The business of education is not to make

the young perfect in any one of the

sciences, but so to open and dispose their

minds as may best make them - capable of

any, when they shall apply themselves to it.

John Locke
 THANK YOU

CLASS!
Austin & Jane, the Gonzales-es