HOW IT

STARTED:
MAJOR *Hitler was

Battle of
ELEMENTS:
1. Constant
bombing for 3
preparing a land
invasion but
England’s air
Britain
weeks
2. Fought
entirely by air
force stood in the
way (England
hasn’t been
defense. invaded since
 Battle of Britain
WHO WON AND
WHY: England
EFFECTS:
because once Germany’s first
France fell they defeat so Hitler
knew they were now went to
next so they
prepared focus on the
USSR
 HOW IT STARTED:
Hitler broke the non-aggression pact with USSR

14
Start Date: June
1942 – January 31st
1943 Elements:
Major
1. Hitler took the long
way to Russia;
Germans burned all
cities
2. Winter set in and
Germany didn’t
have enough
supplies
Who Won and Why: Russia because
1. They took winter to their advantage and surrounded the city
cutting off German supplies
2. Hitler refused to retreat (his men froze and starved)

21
 Lyudmila Pavlichehnko:
Russia’s deadliest weapon. Literally.
Effect: Germany has to take the
defensive on the Eastern Front.
Start Date: July 1943

The Plan:
1. Attack and gain
control of Sicily
(launching point)
2. Advance on and
invade mainland
Italy
 Start Date: June
1943
Fake out Italian
Army and
make them
think we are
attacking
somewhere
else...Like
Start Date: June 6,1944
Dwight Eisenhower: Commander of
Americans Forces in Europe
How it Started:

1.Allies need
France back
2.Eisenhower
created a
“fake” army as
a distraction
Real Army
3. Largest buildup for
battle in history

• 3,000,000 men
prepared to invade
• 80,000 trucks; 10,000
tanks
• 60,000,000 C and K
rations
• 5200 bombers, 5500
fighters
• 2400 transport planes
from 163 airfields
• 1200 naval ships: 2
battleships, 23 cruisers,
105 destroyers
• 2500 landing craft 37
German preparation
MAJOR
ELEMENTS:
1.10,000
Paratroopers
drop in the
night before
2.After 7 days,
Allies
controlled
the French
beaches
45
46
 Who won and Why:
Allies - the Germans were prepared for an
invasion, but they were not prepared for the
overwhelming numbers.

EFFECT:
• A heavy price was paid (42,000 men died) however, within 1
month France is liberated.
• Huge blow to the Germans
 EFFECT:
• A heavy price was paid (42,000 men died) however, within 1
month France is liberated.
• Huge blow to the Germans
 HOW IT STARTED:
1. Germans were desperate to
gain an advantage; Allies
too close to Berlin
2. Surprise attack on the Allies
in Belgium.
 MAJOR ELEMENTS:
1. American lines spread too thin; not enough
troops so Germans were able to sneak through
the lines
2. Winter set in and running low on ammo
 WHO WON AND WHY:
TIE because both sides lost so many men; BUT
America lost LESS men

61
 EFFECT:
Hitler couldn’t
replenish his
army, all German
troops retreat to
Berlin; war would
be over in
months
MUSSOLINI’S DEATH
HILTER’S DEATH