Civics: Chapter 1-Post World War Political

Developments
1.Choose the right option and rewrite the sentence.

1. A system of independent and sovereign States -

 Political system
 International system Correct Answer-International System
 Social system
 None of these

2.The main responsibility of the United Nations -

 to avoid war
 independence of colonies Correct Answer- to avoid war
 improving the economics of different nations
 disarmament

3.The Cold War ended with this event

 Establishment of the United Nations

 Disintegration of the Soviet Union Correct Answer-Disintegration of the Soviet Union
 Creation of Military Organizations
 Cuban Missile Crisis

2.Explain with reasons whether the following statements are true or

false.
1. The League of Nations was established after the First Cold War

Answer-true

Reason-The League of Nations was established after the First World War to avoid
wars.

2.The world became unipolar due to the Cold War.

Answer-False 
Reason- The world became bipolar during the Cold War and was divided into
opposing camps of the capitalist (led by America) and the socialist (led by Soviet
Union).

3.The policies of Mikhail Gorbachev gave an impetus

to democratization.
Answer-True 

Reason-The policies of Mikhail Gorbachev reduced control on media

and led to important social and economic changes which were
democratic in nature.

3.Explain the following concept.

1.Cold War
1.There was no open war between two countries but there was such
tension in their relations, that it seemed that a war would erupt any time

2.It is used to describe the condition where there is no actual war, but
there are such tensions in the circumstances, that they may be
responsible to cause war.

2.Non-alignment
1.In the period of cold war, while the world was
becoming bipolar , there were some countries which
did not want to join the super power rivalry
2.Such nations decided to stay out of the cold war
rivalry. Their policy is known as Non-alignment.
3.Interdependence
1.All the countries of the world are dependent on
each other for one reason or the other.
2.However, big, prosperous or developed a nation
may be, it can never be self-sufficient about all its
needs. Even big nation have to depend upon other
big and small nations.
3.Thus, interdependence is an important feature of
the international system i.e today global system.
4.Bipolarisation
1.During the era of Cold War, America and the Soviet Union
emerged as the super powers and formed their military alliances.
2.Most countries of the world joined either of the two super
powers blocs.
3.Such a division of the nations of the world into two groups is
described as Bipolarisation.
5.Globalisation
1.After the end of Cold War, trade and economic relations between
countries became more open. Capital, labour, markets and information
began circulating globally.

2.The give and take of ideas among people all over the world grew.

3.The boundaries between nations did not remain a sacrosanct as they

were before .All these together are called as globalisation
Q4.Give your opinion on the following topic.
1.What measures should the League of Nations have taken to avoid
the Second World War?

1.League of Nations was established after the First World War to establish
peace.

2.But it did not succeed at preventing war.

3.Autocratic regimes came up in Germany, Italy and other countries.

4.All these developments culminated in the Second World War.

2.Non-alignment was necessary during the Cold War?

1.In the period of cold war, while the world was becoming bipolar ,
there were some countries which did not want to join the super power
rivalry

2.Such nations decided to stay out of the cold war rivalry. Their policy
is known as Non-alignment.

3.Human welfare was neglected due to the Cold War?

1.Inorder to attain world supremacy, the super powers established
military organizations.

2.They indulged in arm race and spent billion of dollars on the arms and
armaments.

3.The piling of nuclear armaments created an atmosphere of tension

and the people were living in threat
 4.The money spent on research and development of armaments could
have been spent on human welfare activities.

4. Which countries can come up as super powers as

competitors to America in present times?

1.The world is become unipolar after the

disintegration of the USSR. America is the only
super power.
2.China has overtaken America in economic activities and has acquired
military power to challenge the American supremacy

3.India is marching in the direction of becoming an economic power

4.Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa have formed BRICS which
has the combined capacity to compete with America.

Q5.Write brief answer.

 1.Compare the First World War and the Second World War
with the help of the following points :
Points First World War Second World War
1. Period 1914-18 1939-45
 Allied Powers: Britain

France,
Allied Powers: Britain, France, Russia,
Italy, America America,

Australia,

Central Powers: Germany, Russia, New Zealand,

Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman, Empire
Canada,
2. Involved nations
India,

China,

Soviet Union

Axis Power:

Germany, Italy, Japan

3. Impacts (Political Economic Losses & Rise of autocratic Political rivalry between America &
and Economic) regimes in Europe Soviet Union leading to cold war

4. International
Organisations
The League of nations The united nations
established after
the War

2.What were the factors responsible for the end of Cold War?
1.The Soviet Union adopted the policy of opening up the economy. The
state loosened up its control of the economy.

2.The then President of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev

implemented the policies of Restructuring and Openness.Due
to these policies, the control over media reduced. This gave
impetus to democracy.
3.As the East European countries under the influences of the
Soviet Union adopted the capitalist and democratic paths the
regimes there changed.
4.The Soviet Union disintegrated and new nations were created
out of it. Russia was the biggest country in the Soviet Union.

3.What major changes occurred in global politics after

the end of Cold War?
1.America remained the only super power in world politics.
2.A conducive atmosphere prevailed for the growth in trade
and economic relations between and among nations. Capital,
labour , market and information circulated throughout the
world. Ideas spread freely as well.
3.As all nations of the world decided to give priority to trade
relations, the idea of giving ‘aid’ to other nations fell
behind.The description of a country which was opposed to
another has now changed from ‘enemy nation’ to ‘rival nation’.
4.The responsibility of the United Nations has increased. The
United Nation now had to take more concrete steps to
maintain global peace and security.
5.Environmental protection, fostering of Human Rights, gender
equality and management of natural calamities now acquired a
global dimensions.