Chyawanprash

Ingredients of CP with their botanical identities and specific therapeutic roles.

Medicinal
Major Active Biomolecule Common Name Therapeutic Role
Plants/Special Additives
Antiulcer, bronchodilator, expectorant,
Vasicine, Vasicine acetate, aasicinone, aasicoline, 2-acetyl benzyl amine and Vasaka, Vasa,
Adhatoda vasica Nees anti-allergic, cholagogue,
adhatodine Arusa
cardiovascular and respiratory disorders
Antidiarrheal, gastroprotective, anti-
Aegle marmelos Correa Gallic acid, quercetin, and rutin Bael, Bel
ulcerative, radioprotective
Aquilaria Kusunol, jjinkohol, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol, vanillic acid, aquilarone derivatives Antiasthmatic, anti-inflammatory,
Aguru, Akil
agallocha Roxb. and phenylethyl chromones analgesic, carminative, antimicrobial
Bambusa Oxalic acid, resins, waxes, benzoic acid, taxiphyllin, diferuloyl Stimulant, astringent, antiulcer,
Vanshalochana
arundinacea Willd arabinoxylanhexasaccharide and oligosaccharide emmenagogue, aphrodisiac
Punarnawa,
Antiaging, antioxidant, antipyretic,
Boerhavia diffusa Linn. Flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, rotenoids, steroids, and triterpenoids Gadahapuran,
diuretic, anti-inflammatory, hematinic
Gadahbindo
Essential oil, camphor, linalool, p-cymene, o-cymene, and 1,8-cineole, Stimulant, antiulcer, antimicrobial,
Cinnamomum tamala
Jeolikote, (E)-cinnamaldehyde, (E)-cinnamyl acetate, (E)-innamaldehyde, 1,8- Tejpat, Tejpatra antidepressant, anticancer, digestive,
Nees and Ebrrn.
cineol, and eugenol hepatoprotective
α-bergamotene, α -copaene, α - humulene, δ-cadinene, tetradecanol and
Hematinic, gastroprotective,
Cinnamomum viridiflorene, Linalool, eugenol, β –caryophyllene, (E)-cinnamaldehyde, α -
Dalchini antinociceptive, digestive, appetizer,
zeylanicum Breyn terpineol, (E)-cinnamyl acetate, (E)- caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, α –
hepatoprotective
cadinol, tetradecanal and globulol
8,9-dehydro9-formyl-cycloisolongifolene, 6-ethenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3,6- Kachur, Ban Antidiarrheal, tonic, stimulant, useful in
Curcuma zedoaria Rose.
dimethyl-5-isopropenyl-trans-benzofuran, eucalyptol and γ-elemene haldi, narkachur flatulence and dyspepsia
Amentoflavone, ginkgetin, isoginkgetin, sciadopitysin, Cyperene, Humulen Stimulant, hepatoprotective, stomachic,
and Selinene, Zierone, Campholenic Aldehyde, Pinene, Longiverbenone, Nagarmotha, diuretic, antispasmodic, carminative,
Cyperus rotundus Linn.
Vatirenene, Copaene, Limonene, Terpineol, Azulene, Selinene, Myrtenol, Mustak, Musta emmenagogue, anti-inflammatory,
Calacorene, Fokienol, Isogermacrene D, and Isolongifolene antirheumatic
Desmodium N-dimenthyltryltryptamine, Hypaphorine, hordenine, caudicine, Gangetin-3H, Shalparni, Sarivan General debility, fatigue,
Medicinal
Major Active Biomolecule Common Name Therapeutic Role
Plants/Special Additives
neuroprotective, cardiovascular and
gangetium DC Pennel Gangetinin and desmodin
respiratory disorders
Stimulant, stomachic, tonic, appetizer,
Elettaria Elaichi,
1,8-cineole, α-terpinyl acetate, sabinene, 4-terpinen-4-ol, and myrcene useful in nausea, heartburn and
cardamomum Maton Cardamom
intestinal spasms
Immunomodulatory, rejuvenative,
Galic acid, ellagic acid, 1-O galloyl-beta-D-glucose, 3,6-di-O-galloyl- D- Amalaki, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective,
Emblica
glucose, chebulinic acid, quercetin, chebulagic acid, corilagin, 1,6- di-O - Amla, Indian antioxidant, cardiotonic, enhance
officinalis Gaertn.
galloyl beta-D-glucose, 3-Ethylgallic acid, and isostrictiniin Gooseberry general vitality, cognition and promotes
longevity
Gambhari,
(Z)-3-hexenol, 1-octen-3-ol, hexanol, heptacosane, pentacosane, 1-
Gmelina arborea Roxb. Gamhar, Promotes virility, strength and lactation
pentacosene, nonanal and (E)-2-decenal
Kashmarya
Eudesmanolide, elemanolide, germacranolide, sesquicaranolide, guainolide, Antihistaminic, bronchodilator, cures
Inula racemose Hook. Pushkarmul
humulane, and heptadeca-1,8,11,14-tetraene cough, cold, asthma and flank pain.
Leptadenia α & β amyrin, ferulic acid, luteolin, diosmetin, rutin, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, Stimulant, restorative, nutrient,
reticulata Wight and hentriacontanol, simiarenol, apigenin, reticulin, deniculatin, leptaculatin, Jivanti anticancer, aphrodisiac, improves
Am. lupanol 3-O diglucoside, leptidine 1, luteolin, and diosmtin vision, immunity and life expectancy
Pelargonidin-3-5-diglucoside, cyanidin-3- galactoside, p-hydroxy benzoic
Hepatotonic, cholagogue, laxative,
Martynia diandra Glox. acid, gentisic acid, arachidic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, Ulatkanta
anorexia, indigestion, constipation
apigenin, apigenin-7-o-glucuronide
Antitoxic, cardiotonic, carminative,
Mesuaferrin A, mesuaferrin B, mesuaferrin C, caloxanthone C,
Mesua ferrea Linn. Nagakesar digestive, relieves urinary tract
macluraxanthone, 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone and tovopyrifolin C
disorders, gout and swelling
Liensinine, isoliensinine, neferine, nuciferine, Rutin, Hyperin,
Demethylcocaluerine, Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide, (+)-1(R)-coclaurine,
Nourishing, cardiotonic, calming,
(−)-1(S)-norcoclaurine, Linalool, Luteolin glucoside, Dehydroanonaine,
Nelumbium speciosum Sahasrapatra, promotes strength and relieves bleeding
Anonaine, Armepavine, Asimilobine, Lirinidine, β-sitosterol, Liriodenine,
Willd. Neelkamal disorders viz. epistaxis, hemoptysis,
Nornuciferine Quercetin, Dehydronuciferine, N Dehydroemerine,
hematuria, and menorrhagia
Isoquercitrin, methylcoclaurine, N-methylasimilobine, Roemerin, N-
norarmepavine, N-methylisococlaurine, Kaempferol and derivatives
Oroxylum indicum Vent. Baicalein, biochanin a, 8, 8’ bis-baicalein, chrysin, ellagic acid, 6–hydroxy Aralu, bhut- General weakness, hepatoprotective,
Medicinal
Major Active Biomolecule Common Name Therapeutic Role
Plants/Special Additives
luteolin, oroxylin a, oroxoloside methyl ester, β-sitosterol, scuttellarien,
ursolic acid, chrysin-7-ogentiobioside, baicalein-7-odiglucoside, scutellarein-
antimicrobial, nephroprotective,
7-o-glucopyranoside, aequinetin, chrysin-6-c-β-D-glucopyranosyl-8- c-α-l vriksha, Shyonak
cardiotonic
arabinopyranoside, pinocembrin, pinobanksin, lupeol, 2α-hydroxyl lupeol,
echinulin, adenosine, and dimethyl sulfone
Tonic, aphrodisiac, mild sedative,
α- pinene, carvone, pulgeone, dalbergioidin, kievitone, phaseollidin, flavonoid
Phaseolus trilobus Mudagparni antioxidant, promote strength, improves
glycosides viz quercetin, kaempferol, vitexin, and isovitexin
semen and sperm quantity
Rutin, quercetin, gallocatechin, nirurin, nruriflavone, quercetol, astragalin,
quercitrin, limonene, p-Cymene, lupeol, ellagic acid, gallic acid, elligitannin,
Bhumyamalaki, Antioxidant, cholagogue, laxative,
Phyllanthus niruri Linn. hexahydroxyldiphenoyl moiety and methyl brevifolincarboxylate, phyllanthin,
Bhumi-awala hepatoprotective, anticancer, antiviral
hypophyllanthin, niranthin, lintetralin, phyltetralin, nirtetralin, and
isolintetralin
Carboxylic acids and derivatives, cinnamic acids and derivatives, Antitussive, stimulant, bronchodilator,
isoflavonoids, napthalenes, oxanes, phenanthrenes and derivatives, phenol tonic, bioavailability enhancer,
Piper longum Linn. PippaIi
ethers, phenylpropanoic acids, pteridines and derivatives, pyridines and carminative, relieves respiratory
derivatives and steroid and its derivatives infections and hepatitis
Pistacia β-pinene, sabinene, α-pinene and limonene while terpinen-4-ol, α-terpinol, α- Bronchodilator, expectorant,
integerrima Stewart-ex pinene, Pistacienoic acids, Hydroxydecanyl arachidate, Octadecan-9, 11-diol- Kakdasingi carminative, antitussive, digestive,
Brandis 7-one, β-Sitosterol, and Pisticialanstenoic acid cholagogue
p-methoxy cinnamic acid, linalool, linoleic acid, β-sitosterol, luteolin, iridoid
Premna
glycoside, premnine, ganiarine, ganikarine, premnazole, aphelandrine, betulin, Arni, Agnimanth Laxative, antitussive, digestive
illtegrifolia Linn.
caryophellen, premnenol, premna spirodiene, and clerodendrin-A
Santalin A, B, and Y, pterocarptriol, isopterocarpalone, pterocarpodiolones, β- Tonic, aphrodisiac, antipyretic, anti-
eudesmol, cryptomeridiol, sesquiterpenes, β-sitosterol, lupeol, epicatechin, hyperglycemic, diaphoretic anticancer,
Pterocarpus santalinus lignans, pterostilbenes, cinnamic acid, acetophenones, phenylacetic acid, Raktachandan protective and antimicrobial effect on
lignans, coumarins, benzophenones, xanthones, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, genitourinary and bronchial tract
gentisic acid, α and β resorcylic acid, and vanillic acid mucosa
Nutritive, demulcent, aphrodisiac,
(+)-samin, (-)-asarinin, sesamol, (+)-sesamolin, (+)-sesamin, (+)-(7S,80R,8R)- Tiltaila, Sesame
Sesamum indicum Linn. antioxidant, wound healing,
acuminatolide, (-)-piperitol, and (+)-pinoresinol oil
radioprotective, anti-inflammatory
Sida cordifolia Linn. Ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, sterculic, malvalic, coronaric acid, Bala, Bariyara Cardiotonic, aphrodisiac,
betaphenethylamine, hypaphorine, ecdysterone, indole alkaloids, palmitic, strength/vitality promoter
Medicinal
Major Active Biomolecule Common Name Therapeutic Role
Plants/Special Additives
stearic and β–sitosterol
Indiosides A, B, C, D, F, Protodioscin, Carpesterol, Isoanguivine, Solanidine,
Solasodine, Solamargine, Solavetivone, Solafuranone, Scopoletin, N-p-trans-
Coumaroyltyramine, N-Trans-Feruloyltyramine, 7-Hydroxy-6,8-Dimethoxy- Brihati,
Cardiotonic, astringent, carminative and
Solanum indicum Linn. 3-(40-Hydroxy-30-Methoxyphenyl)-Coumarin, Isofraxidin, Fraxetin, Barikateri,
digestive
Indicumine A, B, C, D, F, Arteminorin, Cleosandrin, 4, 4’-biisofraxidin, β- Vanbhanta
Sitosterol, Daucosterol, Diosgenin, Lanosterol, Trilinolein, Oleodilinolin, and
Palmitodilinolin
Solanum
Lupeol, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, β-sitosterol, campesterol, ergosterol, Kantakaari, Mucolytic, expectorant, anti-allergic,
xanthocarpum Schrad.
withanolide B Chotikateri bronchodilator and relieves flu
and Wendi.
Tonic, digestive, cardiotonic, anti-
Stereospermum Sterekunthal B, sterochenol A&B, lapachol, dehdro-a-lapachone, apigenin,
Paatla inflammatory, blood purifier,
suaveolens Prodr. scutellarein, sterolensin, dinatin, and dinatin-7-glucuroniside
antianemic
Improves vigor and virility,
Teramnus
Vitexin, bergenin, daidzin and 3-O-methyl-D-chiro–inositol Mashaparni aphrodisiac, relieves debility and
labialis Spreng.
fatigue
Chebulin, ellagic acid, 2,4-chebulyl-D-glucopyranose, arjunglucoside I, Neurotrophic, rejuvenative, carminative
Terminalia chebula Retz. arjungenin, chebulinic acid, gallic acid, ethyl gallate, punicalagin, terflavin A, Harad, Haritaki anthelmintic, nervine tonic, appetite
terchebin, luteolin and tannic acid stimulant
Tinosporine, tinosporide, tinosporaside, cordifolide, cordifol, heptacosanol,
General tonic, immunomodulator,
clerodane furano diterpene, diterpenoid furano lactone, tinosporidine, Guduchi,
Tinospora cordifolia cytoprotective, genoprotective,
columbin, b-sitosterol, Berberine, palmatine, tembertarine, magniflorine, Chinnodbhava
adaptogenic
choline and tinosporin
Tigogenin, neotigogenin, gitogenin, neogitogenin, hecogenin, neohecogenin,
diosgenin, chlorogenin, ruscogenin, sarsasapogenin, protodioscin
Aphrodisiac, mood elevator, diuretic
Tribulus terrestris Linn. protogracillin, kaempferol, kaempferol-3-glucoside, kaempferol-3-rutinoside, Gokhru, Gokshur
and cardiotonic
tribuloside, quercetin 3-O-glycoside, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, and kaempferol
3-O-glycoside
5, 7-dihydroxy-2’-methoxy-3’, 4’- methylenedioxyisofla-vanone, and 4’, 5’-
Prishnaparni, General weakness, nervine tonic,
Uraria picta Desv. dihydroxy-2’, 3’-dimethoxy-7-(5-hydroxychromen-7yl)-isoflavan-one,
Pithawan cardiovascular disorders
isoflavanones, triterpenes and steroids
Medicinal
Major Active Biomolecule Common Name Therapeutic Role
Plants/Special Additives
Oleanolic and betulinic acids, stilbenoid, daucosterol, E-resveratrol, E-ε-
Nutritive, aphrodisiac, cardiotonic,
viniferin, (-)-epicatechin, catechin, gallocatechin, 6′-O-acyldaucosterols, 1,2-
Draaksha, diuretic, demulcent, laxative,
Vitis vinifera Linn. di-O-acyl-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl glycerols, gallic acid, p-coumaric,
Munnakka hepatoprotective, cures thirst and
caffeic and ferulic acids, anthocyanidin-3-O-glucosides, malvidin-3-O-
asthma
glucoside, peonidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside
Nutritive, antioxidant, strengthens the
Monounsaturated fats, conjugated linoleic acid, antioxidants, vitamins A, E,
Indian Cow Ghee Go-ghrita immunity, anticancer, improves overall
D, K, and beta carotene
physical and mental strength
Phenolics (e.g., gallic, syringic, benzoic, transcinnamic, protocatechuic, p-
coumaric, caffeic acids), Flavonoids (e.g., catechin, kaempferol, naringenin,
luteolin, pinostrobin, apigenin), fructose, oligosaccharides (palatinose, Anti-infective, immunomodulator,
Natural honey (derived isomaltose and alpha-cyclodextrin), carotenoids, cholines, kynurenic acid, wound healing, antioxidant, antiaging,
Madhu
from honey bees) enzymes (glucose oxidase, diastase, invertase, phosphatase, catalase relieves cough and cold, antiseptic, sore
peroxidase), vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, C, phyllochinon), throat, antiulcer
minerals/trace elements (Na, Ca, K, Fe, Mg, P, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, S, B, Se, Mo,
Co, F, I, Si)
Sugar candy Disaccharides (sucrose) Sharkara Sweetener, provides calories/energy
Shatvarin I to VI, oligospirostanoside, aspargamine A, dihydrophenantherene,
Aphrodisiac, nutritive, galactogogue,
Asparagus racemofuran, quercitin, rutin, hyperoside, sitosterol, 4, 6-dihydryxy-2-O (-2- Shatavari,
tonic, antiulcer, antioxidant, good for
racemosus Willd hydroxy isobutyl) benzaldehyde, undecanyl cetanoate, sarsapogenin, γ- Shatavar
eyes
linoleinic acids, diosgenin, and quercetin 3-glucourbnides
Dioscoreanoside A-K, diosbulbisin A-D, diosbulbisides A-C, diosgenin,
Dioscorea sinodiosgenin, diosbulbin A-P, 8-epidiosbulbin E acetate, Bafoudiosbulbin A- Varahikand, Aphrodisiac, antiulcer, tonic, promotes
bulbifera Linn. G, quercetin-3-O-β-dglucopyranoside, neoxanthin, β-sitosterol, catechin, Varahi vigor and strength
vanillic acid, isovanillic acid and glycoside derivatives
Taraxerol, taraxerol acetate, N-butyl-β-Dfructopyranoside, octadecyl (E)-p- Aphrodisiac, antioxidant, galactogogue,
Ipomoea digitata Linn. coumarate, umbelliferone, scopoletin, scopolin, scoparone, scopoletin and Vidaarikand nervine tonic, relieves debility and
taraxerol spermatorrhea
Cuscohygrine, anahygrine, tropine, pseudotropine, anaferine, isopelletierine,
Aphrodisiac, adaptogenic, antioxidant,
Withania withananine, withananinine, pseudo-withanine, somnine, somniferine, Ashwagandha,
cytoprotective, neuroprotective,
somnifera Dunal somniferinine, withanine, withasomnine, visamine, chlorogenic acid, and Asgandh
nootropic, antistress, promotes strength
withaferin A
Special Additives
Medicinal
Major Active Biomolecule Common Name Therapeutic Role
Plants/Special Additives
General debility, aphrodisiac.
Ayurvedic nanosized mineral preparation of incinerated biotite mica, Nature cardiotonic, cellular regenerator, useful
Abhraka Bhasma Abhraka Bhasma
of compound: multimineral cocktail in digestive impairment, malabsorption
syndrome, asthma and cough
Antacid, antiarrhythmic, antihistaminic
Ayurvedic nanosized mineral preparation of calcined Pearl oyster, Nature of
Shukti Bhasma Shukti Bhasma calcium supplement, neurotrophic,
compound: Calcium Carbonate
cardiotonic and promotes bone strength
Expectorant, effective in pleurisy,
Ayurvedic nanosized preparation of calcined Deer horn, Nature of compound:
Shringa Bhasma Shringa Bhasma pneumonia, tuberculosis, productive
Calcium Phosphate
cough
Antiaging, aphrodisiac, cardiovascular
Ayurvedic metallo-mineral preparation having purified and processed gold,
tonic, help to cure male impotency,
Siddha Makardhawaja mercury and sulphur in 1:8:24 ratio, Nature of compound: HgS (with Makardhawaja
erectile dysfunction, premature
nanotraces of gold)
ejaculation
Acetyl eugenol, β-caryophyllene, vanillin, crategolic acid, bicornin, methyl
Eugenia Antiseptic, antimicrobial, aromatic,
salicylate, gallotannic acid, seugenin, rhamnetin, kaempferol, eugenitin, Loung, Clove
caryophyllus Linn. stimulant and anti-inflammatory
triterpenoids, oleanolic acid, campesterol, stigmasterol, sesquiterpenes, etc.