education MPUMALANGA PROVINCE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA r oF A r SAy Ly OS NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 PHYSICAL SCIENCES: CHEMISTRY P2 SEPTEMBER 2022 MARKS: 150 TIME: 3 hours This question paper consists of 15 pages and 4 data sheets Copyright reserved Please turn overPhysical Sciences P2 2 MDE/September 2022 Nsc INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 10. 1. 12. Write your name in the appropriate space on the ANSWER BOOK. This question paper consists of NINE questions. Answer ALL the questions in the ANSWER BOOK. Start EACH question on a NEW page in the ANSWER BOOK. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. Leave ONE line between two sub questions, for example between QUESTION 2.1 and QUESTION 2.2. You may use a non-programmable calculator. You may use appropriate mathematical instruments. You are advised to use the attached DATA SHEETS. Show ALL formulae and substitutions in ALL calculations. Round off your final numerical answers to a MINIMUM of TWO decimal places. Give brief motivations, discussions, et cetera where required. Write neatly and legibly. Copyright reserved Please tum overPhysical Sciences P2 3 MDE?September 2022 NSC. QUESTION 1 : MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS. Four options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Each question has only ONE correct answer. Choose the answer and write only the letter a ») next to the question number (1.1 — 1.10) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example, 1.1 Which ONE of the homologous series below contains a formyl group? A Esters : B Carboxylic acid c Aldehydes D Ketones (2) 1.2 The relationship between the chain length of straight chain organic molecules of carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and primary alcohols and boiling points is investigated. Curves X, ¥ and Z are oblained. Boiling point (K) Number of C atoms Which ONE of the following CORRECTLY identifies the homologous series against the chain length of the organic molecules Alcohols Aldehydes Carboxylic acids (2) A B Copyright reserved Please turn overPhysical Sciences P2 MDE/Septomber 2022 4 Nsc 1.3 Consider the reaction 1 and 2 below. Compound X is an organic compound. ny Heat /Pt H-G-C=C-H +H —c—o—C— td Reaction’ X Reaciot2 4—P—G—G—Br ther HHA bad What type of reaction is REACTION 2? A Halogenation B Hydrolysis C Hydration D —Hydrohalogenation 2) 1.4 Consider the potential energy diagram for a reversible hypothetical reaction represented by the balanced equation below. Xa(g) = 2X(g) Ep (kJ-mot) Course of reaction The sum of (E1 + E2) is equal to the ... A energy of the activated complex. B activation energy for the reverse reaction. C activation energy for the forward reaction. D AH for the forward reaction. (2) Copyright reserved Please turn overPhysical Sciences P2 5 MDE/September 2022, NSC 1.5 Consider the chemical reaction represented by the balanced equation below: Zn(s) + 2HC(aq) +ZnClo(aq) + Hag) Which ONE of the following changes will DECREASE the rate of production of Hela)? A Decrease in pressure B Increase in volume of HCt(aq) C Increase in concentration of HCt(aq) D Decrease in temperature (2) 1.6 One of the stages in the industrial preparation of iron from its ore is represented by the equilibrium equation below: Fe20x(s) + 3CO(g) + 2Fe(s) + 3C02(g) Which ONE of the following changes will favour the forward reaction? A Feisremoved B COz is removed. C — COis removed D Asuitable catalyst is added (2) 1.7 The table below shows pH ranges of some indicators. INDICATORS ‘pH RANGES Methyl orange 31-44 Methyl red - Bromothymol blue 60-78 Phenolphthalein 8,3- 10,0 The indicator best suited for the titration of ethanoic acid against a solution of sodium hydroxide, is... A Methyl orange B Methyl red C —_Bromothymol blue D Phenolphthalein (2) Copyright reserved Please turn overPhysical Sofences P2 6 MDE/September 2022 18 1.9 1.10 Sulphuric acid, H2SO«(aq) ionises inwater according to the following balanced equation: H2SOa(aq) + H20(t) # HSO«(aq) + H30*(aq) Which ONE is the correct conjugate acid-base pair for this reaction: A H2SO4 and H20 B —-HeSOs and Hs0* C ——-HeSOs and HSO; D HSOj and HsO* 7) strip of magnesium metal is placed in a zine sulphate (ZnSO.) solution. Mg metal strip 2n804(00) The reaotion that takes place is represented by the balanced equation below: Mg(s) + ZnSO«(aq) —> MgSOx(g) + Zn(s) Which ONE of the following statements is correct? A Znis the oxidising agent. B _ Mgis the reducing agent. C _ Mgis reduced. D —_Znis oxidised. (2) A solution of copper (II) chloride (CuCt2) must be stored in a metal container. Which ONE of the following metals should the container be made of? A Ag Bo oZn c Mg D Fe (2) [20] Copyright reserved Please turn overPhysical Sciences P2 7 MDE/September 2022, QUESTION 2 (Start on a new page) NSC Consider the following six organic compounds represented by letters A to F. 24 22 23 A. | CHsCH(CHs)COCH(CH)sCH:CHs | B | 2,2-dimethylpentan-3-ol pig c Hp —6—G=0 D | CsHo HOH 4 H-C-H E TL RR ' F | CHsCOOH eT | H CLH H BrH Define the term functional group. Write down the: 2.2.1 STRUCTURAL FORMULA of the FUNCTIONAL GROUP of 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.24 225 2.26 2.2.7 compound A : LETTER that represents a carboxylic acid IUPAC name of compound E IUPAC name for the FUNCTIONAL ISOMER of compound C Homologous series to which Compound A belong Draw the STRUCTURAL FORMULA of compound B Is compound B a PRIMARY, SECONDARY or TERTIARY alcohol? Consider compound D. 2.3.4 2.3.2 2.3.3 Is the compound SATURATED or UNSATURATED? Give a reason for the answer. Write down the NAME of a solution that can be used to test whether ‘the compound is saturated or unsaturated. Write down the general formula of a saturated hydrocarbon Copyright reserved Please tun over (2) (1) (1) (3) (1) (1) (3) (1) (2) a) (1) 17)Physical Sefences P2 MDE/September 2022 8 NSC QUESTION 3 (Start on a new page) The boiling points of FIVE organic compounds, represented by the letters A to E, are given in the table below. Butane Methylpropane Pentan-1-ol Butanoic acid 3.4 Anunknown STRAIGHT CHAIN ALKANE has a boiling point of -42 °C. Write down the NAME of this alkane using the information in the table above. (1) 3.2 Compounds B and C are structural isomers 3.2.1. Define the term structural isomer. (2) 3.2.2 What type of structural isomers are compound B and C? (a) 3.2.3 Explain why Compound B has a higher boiling point than Compound C. (3) 3.3 Compounds D and E have the same molecular mass but different vapour pressure, 3.3.1. Define the term vapour pressure. (2) 3.3.2. Which compound, D or E, has the higher vapour pressure? (1) 3.3.3 Fully explain the answer in QUESTION 3.3.2 (4) 14) Copyright reserved Please turn overPhysical Sciences P2 9 MDE/September 2022 QUESTION 4 (Start on a new page) 44 4.2 Copyright reserved Nsc Consider the following organic reactions I to V involving organic compounds. [118 + concentrated NaOH -» C (main product) + NaBr + D CsHi2 800°C, Cotte + F high pressure Write down the: 444 442 4.13 414 415 41.6 Name of the types of reactions represented by reaction I to 1V. ‘The IUPAC name of compound B. Homologous series to which compound € belong? Name or formula of the INORGANIC product D of reaction I STRUCTURAL FORMULA of compound E NAME and MOLECULAR FORMULA of compound F A group of leamers in a school laboratory are preparing an ester using methanol and ethanoic acid. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is given below: 4.24 4.2.2 4.2.3 CHAO + CoeO2 —H2SOalcond) CsH4,02 + H20 Write down the IUPAC name of the ester formed. Give ONE function of the concentrated sulphuric acid in this reaction. When impure methanol completely reacts with excess ethanoic acid, 68,88 g CsHs02 is produced The percentage purity of methanol is 60%, calculate the mass of the impure methanol. Please turn over (4) (2) (1) (1) (2) (2) (2) (1) (5) [20]Physical Sciences P2 10 MDE/September 2022 NSC QUESTION 5 (Start on a new page.) ‘A group of learners use the reaction of the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to investigate one of the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction. The balanced equation for the reaction is given below. 2H202(aq) -> 2H20(t) + O2(g) The learners collect the oxygen gas by the downward displacement of water. Four experiments are carried out, 5.1. Define the term reaction rate. (2) The reaction conditions for each experiment 1 and 2 are summarised in the table below: ~ | Volume of | Concentration of | Temperature Hz02(em*)_| H202(mol-dm) | (°C) Experiment 1 40 x 25 Experiment 2 40 x “40 The results of experiment 1 are shown in the graph below. Va - Experiment 4 Val Volume of O2 (cm) s < 10 20 30 Time (minutes) 5.2 For this investigation write down the dependent variable. (1) 5.3 What can be deduced from the graph regarding the RATE OF THE REACTION during the time interval: 5.3.1. 10 minutes to 17 minutes (1) 5.3.2 20 minutes to 30 minutes (1) Copyright reserved Please tum overPhysica Sciences P2 u MDE/September 2022 54 55 5.6 Ns The average rate of the production of oxygen gas in experiment 1 is 10 cm*-min‘', Use the information on the graph to calculate the initial concentration of the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) used. Take the molar gas volume at 25 °C as 24 000 cm®. Copy the graph of EXPERIMENT 1 in your answer book. On the same set of axes, draw the graph for EXPERIMENT 2. Assume this reaction goes to completion. In another Investigation, EXPERIMENT 1 is repeated under the same conditions, but MnOz is added to the reaction mixture. The reaction conditions for each experiment 3 and 4 are summarised in the table below: ~ Volume of | Temperature MnO2 H202 (cm) (°C) Experiment 3 40 25 absent Experiment 4 40 25 present The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve for the hydrogen peroxide molecules in EXPERIMENT 3 is shown below. Es and Es represent the activation energy for experiment 3 and 4 respectively. Number of particles 5.6.1 What is the function of MnOz in EXPERIMENT 4? Use the collision theory to explain the effects of the MnOz on the reaction rate in EXPERIMENT 4. Copyright reserved Please tum over 6) (2) (1) (3) (16)Physical Sciences P2 MDE/September 2022 12 NSC QUESTION 6 (Start on a new page) 10 g of hydrogen gas and 355 g of chlorine gas are heated together in a sealed 500 cm? container. A chemical equilibrium is reached at 450 °C. The balanced equation for the reaction is: Ha(g) + Clo(g) = 2HCU(g) ‘The equilibrium constant Ke for this reaction at 450 °C is 64. 6.1 Calculate the mass of chlorine gas present at equilibrium The reaction is now carried out at a lower temperature. It is found that the Ke value increases, 62 _ Is the heat of the reaction (AH) POSITIVE or NEGATIVE? Use Le Chatelier's principle to explain the answer 6.3 The pressure of the container is increased without affecting the temperature. How would the following be affected? Choose from INCREASES, DECREASES or REMAINS THE SAME. 6.3.1 The yield of HCL 6.3.2 The Ke value Copyright reserved Please turn over (9) (4) (1) (1) (15)Physical Sciences P2 43 MDE/September 2022 NSC QUESTION 7 (Start on a new page) 7A 7.2 7.3 Copyright reserved A laboratory technician prepares the following two dilute sulphuric acid solutions: Solution 20 mol-dm? H2SO4 Solution B: 0,30 mol-dm® H2SOs 7.1.1 Explain the meaning of the term dilute acid 7.1.2 Give a reason why sulphuric acid is classified as a strong acid. 7.1.3 Sulphuric acid ionises in water according to the following equation: H2SO.(aq) + H20(t) = HSOs(aq) + Hs0*(aq) Write down the conjugate base of sulphuric acid 7.1.4 Calculate the pH of solution A at 25 °C. A few crystals of sodium carbonate (NazCOs) are added to water in a test tube. 7.2.1 Is the solution in the test tube ACIDIC, BASIC or NEUTRAL? 7.2.2 Use a balanced ionic equation to explain the answer in QUESTION 7.2.1. 7,6 g of impure commercial washing soda (NazCOs-10H20) is dissolved in 500 cm’ of water. 25 cm? of this solution is titrated with a standard HC¢ solution of concentration 0,1 mol-dm*. NazCOs 10H20(aq): + 2HCt(aq) —» 2NaCt(aq) + H20(f) + COz(Q) Calculate the mass of pure NazCOx10H20 in commercial washing soda, if 24,8 cm’ of the HCt solution was needed to reach the equivalence point in the titration, Please turn over (2) (2) (1) (3) (1) (3) (6) (18)Physical Sciences P2 14 MDE/September 2022 NSC QUESTION 8 (Start on a new page) The diagram represents a galvanic cell labeled A, Vv Ni Ag Nie Ag* 84 8.2 8.3 84 85 8.6 Porous plug soaked in KNO3. State TWO standard conditions under which this cell functions, Write down TWO functions of the porous plug. In which direction (from Ni to Ag or from Ag to Ni) do electrons flow in the external circuit? Write down the balanced equation for the overall (net) reaction for this cell. If0,4 moles of electrons flow to the cathode, what will be the decrease in mass of the anode be? A SECOND galvanic cell B is constructed using Mg(s)/ Mg(NOs)2(aq) and Ag(s)AgNOs(aq) half-cells Without any calculations, determine which ONE of the TWO galvanic cells (A or B) will result in the highest initial potential difference when it is operational under standard conditions. Explain your answer by referring to the relative strengths of the reducing agents. Copyright reserved Please turn over (2) (2) (1) (3) (3) (4) (15)Physical Sciences P2 45 MDE/September 2022 NSC QUESTION 9 (Start on a new page.) The sketch below shows a cell used in the purification of copper. 9.1 Define the term electrolysis 9.2 Which electrode A or B represents the impure copper? 9.3 Which electrode A or B will increase in mass? 9.4 Write down the equation for the reaction that takes place at the cal ithode. 9.5 ‘The colour of the electrolyte remains unchanged.” When the cell is in operation, is this statement TRUE or FALSE? Explain the answer. The two electrodes A and B are now replaced with carbon rods. 9.6 — Write down TWO reasons why carbon is used as electrodes. 9.7 Atwhich electrode (A or B) will chlorine gas form when the cell is in Write down a half-reaction to show the formation of chlorine gas. operation? 9.8 State whether the concentration of the electrolyte will INCREASE, DECREASE or REMAIN THE SAME when carbon rods are used. Copyright reserved TOTAL: Please tum over (2) (1) (1) (3) (2) (2) (3) (1) (15) 150Physical Sciences P2 16 MDE/September 2022 NSC. DATA FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES GRADE 12 PAPER 2 (CHEMISTRY) GEGEWENS VIR FISIESE WETENSKAPPE GRAAD 12 VRAESTEL 2 (CHEMIE) TABLE 1: PHYSICAL CONSTANTS/TABEL 1: FISIESE KONSTANTES NAME/NAAM SYMBOL/SIMBOOL | VALUE/WAARDE Stondawrado p 1,013 x 105 Pa Mole gaevourne by STO Vn 22:4 dr mot! Standeardtemperata r 273K Avogadro's constant Na 6,023 x 102 molt TABLE 2: FORMULAE/TABEL 2: FORMULES Kw = [Hs0*J]OH] = 1 x 10" al/ by 298 K Ea = ESsnade ~Eomte ! ES =Ebtte Este OR/OF © po ° 6 _ pe Feat = Efecton ~ Epadoton ! Ee = Enunie ~ Eetisaso ORIOF Etat = Euadnpaent ~ Enaucipgent ! Es = Eeildcomiet ~ Ercusemie Copyright reserved Please tun overPhysical Sciences P2 7 MDE/September 2022 2§|vB-P 28 ash ean gee g S385 : jowel= 5 8 aala— Sle x eepes s ov. oc | ez | oz st Ree? 2 Hogeeals Sealy esis 2 Ez\3 s OF OAR ts seees as Mzeeone tes Seas| lense oe vz oz ot ob Fe sé eoszaas Seeate2s| |povley tz BL eb ah ab ~ 28 emreans Se Slsrs| |e eales oz sth ob a ath = we os SASP SSS Pa] leosia EE Sak 23F 28 e2 aa Roger See 23) sgales BB og Seaeeser8) legals FE | pGabe 5 Fe os g& (PSaeeee=3) lyess By #8 8 Lo | zz Hd wif g RisegZeess) Se as 4 ae ue ve gs & egaee eee eBe\so8 Ba BE su | ot ~ ge oe g RGSS Ss823) laesiee Br g a ob ath od R>se2ae 83) lggelees 5 ob .* Nee ae se ob wb oF . RSee> ais $8ieg eb zh we Soe Sake Seas gblegg st zb ob oF so so wef =-parrSaexabe als api vz | ov | eo | so | 0 | so | 20 Copyright reserved Please tun overPhysical Sciences P2 3 : ‘ 5 : Copyright reserved 18 Nsc Half-reactions/Halfreaksies Ey Fag)+2e0 = OF +28 Co¥+e = Cot +1281 H:02 + 2H #2e° = 2H:O “a7 = Mr +aHo | +51 Mong RHE 8 Boe Ch(g)+2e- = 2Ct +1,36 cnn 4 taiies ge 7 ZORTHTHO | +1,39 fig) + 4H" +4o- = 2H20 +123 MnOQ2+ 4H" +2e- = Mn? + 2H:0 44,23 Pee = Pt +120 Br) +# 20 = 28 +407 hinz cauecan = NO(Q)+2H.0 | +096 3 “Hg? $25 = H(t) +085 Agtte = Ag +080 Nog saree 7 NOXO)+H:0 | +080 Fete = Fem +077 0x{g)+ 2H" +20 = HaOe +0,68 ht2e = ar +058 cute = cu +0552 S02+4H' +4 = S#2H0 | +045 2H:0 + 02440 = 40H +0,40 Cut +20 = Cu + 0,34 sot +auteze 7 SOXG)* 240 | + 0.7 cute = Cu +016 Sntt#20 = Si® +015 S+2H'+2e = HS(g) +014 2Ht+ 20 = Hela) 0,00 For +3e = Fe 0.08 Pow +20 = Pb 013 Sn +20 = Sn 044 N+ 22 = Ni -027 Cot +26 = Co 028 Ca +20 = Cd -0.40 Cre = Gr -ot For +20° = Fe — 044 C436 = Cr -074 Zn 42e° = Zn 078 2H20 + 2e- Hag) + 20H” | - 0,83 cr 42e = Cr -091 Mo? +20 = Mn 1.18 AB'+3e = Al = 1.68 Mg?+2e- = Mo 2.36 Nate = Na 21 Ca +20 = Ca 287 Si+2e Sr -299 Ba +20 = Ba ~2.90 Ostte = Os =292 Ktte = K 293, lite = Ui = 3,05, MDE/September 2022 Increasing reducing ability/Toenemende reduserende vermot Please turn overPhysical Sciences P2 Increasing oxidising ability/Toenemende oksiderende vermoz Copyright reserved 2 NSC. ‘TABLE 4B: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS, TABEL 48: STANDAARD-REDUKSIEPOTENSIALE MDE/September 2022 Half-reactionsiHalfreaksies tre =u Kee = K Gstte = Cs Ba? +20 = Ba S426 = Sr Cat +20 = Ca Natte = Na Mg? +20 = Mg AB +30 =A Mne+26° = Mn Cr +2e = Cr 2H:0 +20" = Hala) +201 Zn*+ 26 = Zn Ce +30 = Cr Fo"+20 = Fe Che = Cr Cd +20 = Cd Co" + 20° = Co Ni +26 Ni So? +20 Sn Pb +20 = Pb Fo" +3e a Fe 2H' +26 = Hala) S#2H'+2e° = HsS(a) Sat +20" = Sn Cut+e = Cut 502° +4nt+25 7 S040) +2440 cut+2e = Cu 2H.O 02+ de> = 40H SO2+4H"+4e- = S+2H,0 Gute = cu b+2e me 2b Og) + 2H" +26 = HO Footer = Fo® hin= aoueee = NOdQ)+ HO 3 hatte = Ag Hg? +20" = Hott) NO} eaters = NO(G)+2H:0 5 Br) +26" 28r Pe +20 Pt MnO2+4H*+2e" = Mn?*+2H20 Oxa)+4H' + 4° = 24:0 cuo2 + tan +6e 7 20+ THO Clig)+2e" = 2ct WnOy + 8H + 53- ~ MN AHO Hi02+ 2H" #2o- = 2H:0 Co +e Co Fg)* 20> = 2F = 305 2,93 ~2,92 =2,90 2,89 =2.87 271 =2,36 1,66 -118 ~0.91 — 0,83 -0,76 ~ 0,78 0,44 0,44 ~ 0,40 0,28 0,27 0,14 0,13 = 0,06 0,00 40,14 +0,15 +0,16 40,17 +0;34 +040 +0445 40,52 +054 +0,68 +077 +0,80 +080 +085 +096 +107 #120 +123 +123 +133 +136 +491 “7 +181 +287 Increasing reduci