1.2 Distribution of Volcanoes, Earthquake Epicenter, and Mountain Ranges.

-In this report, we will discuss The distribution of volcanoes and earthquakes. Do you know what are
volcanoes and earthquakes? Bare with until the end in order for you to understand.

-Every day around the globe, tectonic plate interiors and margins experience earthquakes. Faults, which
are cracks in the rock that allow the plates to move in relation to one another, are where earthquakes
happen. The bumping and sliding that plates perform result in faults, which are more prevalent close to
the borders of the plates.

-The Philippines, which are situated along the Pacific typhoon belt, receive an average of 20 typhoons
annually, five of which are destructive. It is susceptible to regular earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
because of its location inside the "Pacific Ring of Fire."

-Active Volcanoes mostly can be found around the Pacific Ring of Fire, The majority of the world’s
earthquakes and volcanic activities take place around the Ring of Fire, most volcanic and seismic activity
are generated between tectonic plates.

-Our country can also be found near the Pacific Ring of Fire; this is the reason why we can see a lot of
volcanoes scattered around the different parts of our country. A volcano is currently active if it is
erupting lava, releasing gas, or generating seismic activity. An active volcano is labeled dormant if it has
not erupted for a long time but could erupt again in the future.

-Plate Tectonics Map- it is The movement of Earth's tectonic plates shape the planet's surface.

-What are Volcanoes and Earthquakes?

-A volcano is an opening in a planet or moon’s crust through which molten rock and gases trapped
under the surface erupt. An earthquake is any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of
seismic waves through Earth's rocks or the cause by moving of tectonic plates.

-Volcanoes are usually formed in places where heat is most released. The best example would be the
Ring of Fire located in the Pacific, which is home to many plate boundaries and is the reason for many
volcanoes being formed here.

-Why do Volcanoes And Earthquakes exist?

-Both volcanoes and earthquakes occur due to the movement of the earth's tectonic plates. They are
both caused by the heat and energy released from the earth's core. Earthquakes can trigger volcanic
eruptions through strenuous movements of tectonic plates.

-What is the Ring of Fire?

The Ring of Fire also referred to as the Circum-Pacific Belt, is a path along the Pacific Ocean
characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes. The Ring of Fire is a region around much of
the rim of the Pacific Ocean where many volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur.

-According to the theory of plate tectonics, Earth is covered with small and big plates that are moving
nonstop in order to reform. Earthquakes and Volcanoes are both the result of tectonic plates'
movements.
-How are Volcanoes and Earthquakes related?

-They are both caused by the heat and energy released from the Earth's core. Earthquakes can trigger
volcanic eruptions through the severe movement of tectonic plates. Similarly, volcanoes can trigger
earthquakes through the movement of magma within a volcano.

-Also, as already stated some earthquakes are somehow related to volcanoes, for example when magma
exerts pressure on the rocks until it cracks. Then the magma spurts and builds up tension, sometimes
leading to tremors or small earthquakes. These earthquakes are too weak to be felt but can be detected
by a seismograph. They can produce a constant earthquake wave called Harmonic tremor.

-What is a Harmonic tremor?

-A harmonic tremor is a continuous release of seismic energy typically associated with the underground
movement of magma. Also, the location of earthquakes gives us the power to find magma pathways
which is sometimes the cause of small earthquakes under volcanoes.

-When you position a map of active volcanoes in the world and places where earthquakes commonly
happen, you can find that they match perfectly. The reason for this is that boundaries between tectonic
plates are mostly where volcanic and seismic activities occur. That's why there are a lot of volcanic and
seismic activities in the ring of fire

-We find Subduction which where the less dense oceanic lithosphere sinks into the mantle or the
outermost layer of the earth zones in the Ring of Fire which we discussed earlier. The following
places/countries can be found inside the subduction zone: the Philippines, Japan, the Aleutian Islands,
Alaska, and South America.

-There is an area called the Earthquake belt and it is where plates collide and slide past each other
making it the epicenter of earthquakes. It also states that sometimes a volcanic eruption can create an
earthquake, but an earthquake cannot cause a volcano to erupt.

-What is an earthquake belt?

-An earthquake belt is a narrow zone on the earth’s surface around which the majority of earthquakes
take place. There are three main seismic belts around the world, the circum-pacific seismic belt which is
the world's greatest earthquake belt where about 80% of the world's largest earthquakes occur, and the
alpine-Himalayan seismic belt this earthquake belt represents the divergent plate boundaries where
plates move in opposite directions resulting in splitting as well as transform faults, mid-Atlantic ridge
seismic belt this earthquake belt follows submerged global ridges.

-Facts about earthquakes and volcanoes

-*The earth's surface consists of 20 constantly moving plates. The pressure increase from shifting plates
can cause the crust to break. This break allows stress to be released as energy, which moves through the
earth in the form of waves (aka earthquakes).
*The National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) records an average of 20,000 earthquakes every
year (about 50 a day) around the world. There are, however, millions of earthquakes estimated to occur
every year that are too weak to be recorded.

*An erupting volcano can trigger tsunamis, flash floods, earthquakes, mudflows, and rockfalls. More
than 80% of the earth's surface is volcanic in origin. The sea floor and some mountains were formed by
countless volcanic eruptions. Gaseous emissions from volcanoes formed the earth's atmosphere.