MB20108

Career Development
Course - I
 UNIT I - NUMBER SYSTEMS

Understanding the types and properties of

Numbers, finding unit digits, factors, remainders
and solving the problems on LCM, GCD,
Fractions and decimals, application on Surds
and Indices.
Positive Integers - Natural Numbers

Non – Negative Integers - Whole Numbers

Prime Numbers
- Divisible by 1 and by the number itself
- Only 2 factors
2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19 . . .
Composite Numbers
- Except Prime Numbers
1 – Neither Prime nor Composite
2 – Only Even Prime number
Prime Numbers – marked in yellow
 Divisibility Tests

Divisible by 2
- All even numbers
- Numbers end with 0, 2, 4, 6, 8
Divisible by 3
- Sum of the digits divisible by 3
Example –
176
1+7+6 = 14 not divisible
24871
2 + 4 + 8 + 7 + 1 = 22 not divisible
14913
1+4+9+1+3 = 18 divisible
 Divisibility Tests

Divisible by 4
- last 2 digits divisible by 4
Example –
226 - 26 / 4 not divisible
1248 - 48 / 4 divisible
Divisible by 5
- Last digit 0 or 5
Divisible by 6
- Divisible by both 2 and 3
 Divisibility Tests

Divisible by 8
- last 3 digits divisible by 8
Example –
12226
226 / 8 not divisible
21248
248 / 8 divisible
 Divisibility Tests
Divisible by 9
- Sum of the digits divisible by 9
Example –
176
1+7+6 = 14 not divisible
24871
2 + 4 + 8 + 7 + 1 = 22 not divisible
14913
1+4+9+1+3 = 18 divisible
Divisible by 10
- Last digit 0
 Divisibility Tests

Divisible by 11
- The difference between Sum of odd terms
and even terms = 0 or divisible by 11
Example
156348
1 + 6 + 4 = 11
5 + 3 + 8 = 16
Difference = 16 – 11 = 5
not divisible
 Divisibility Tests

Divisible by 12
- Divisible by both 3 and 4

To select 2 numbers to check divisibility

- Product should be the original number
- The numbers should be co – prime
Divisible by 18
- Divisible by 2 and 9
Divisible by 24
- Divisible by 3 and 8
 Divisibility Tests

Divisible by 35
- Divisible by 5 and 7
Divisible by 36
- Divisible by 4 and 9
1. What is the minimum number to be added to make
329611 as divisible by 6
a) 1 b) 3 c) 5 d) 7

divisible by 6
divisible by 2 and 3
/2
/3
329611 + 5 = 329616
3+2+9+6+1+1
even number
= 22
so divisible by 2
From options
a 22 + 1 = 23 not divisible
Answer : c
b 22 + 3 = 25 not divisible
c 22 + 5 = 27 divisible
2. 1358k24679 is divisible by 11. Find the value of k
a) 0 b) 1 c) 4 d) 9

divisible by 11
1358k24679
1+5+k+4+7= 17 + k
3+8+2+6+9= 28

28 – (17 + k) = 0 or divisible by 11
so k = 0

answer : a
3. 4231k4 is divisible by 24. Find the value of k
a) 7 b) 4 c) 6 d) 1

divisible by 24
- divisible by 3 and 8
4 + 2 + 3 + 1 + k + 4 = 14 + k
from options
a 14 + 7 = 21 divisible by 3
174 / 8 not divisible by 8
b 14 + 4 = 18 divisible by 3
144 / 8 divisible by 8

answer : b
4.11564k4 is divisible by 36. Find the value of k
a) 6 b) 2 c) 9 d) 7

divisible by 36
- divisible by 4 and 9
1 + 1 + 5 + 6 + 4 + k + 4 = 21 + k
from options
a 21 + 6 = 27 divisible by 9
64 / 4 = 16 divisible by 4

answer : a
5. 996ab is divisible by 80. What is (a + b) ?
a) 3 b) 5 c) 6 d) 8

divisible by 80
996ab
b must be 0
996a is divisible by 8
Option a and b 3 & 5 odd numbers
not divisible by 8
option c 966 / 8
not divisible by 8
so a = 8 968 / 8 divisible by 8
a = 8 ; b =0 a+b=8
answer : d
6. 477 is not divisible by
a) 53 b) 3 c) 6 d) 9

477 is odd number

not divisible by 6
477 / 53 = 9 divisible by 53
4 + 7 + 7 = 18 divisible by 3 and 9

answer : c
7. The product of 4 consecutive even numbers is
always divisible by:
a) 600 b) 768 c) 864 d) 384

Product of first 4 consecutive even numbers

= 2 * 4 * 6 *8
= 384

answer : d
8. What is the largest 4 digit number exactly divisible
by 88?
a) 9944 b) 9999 c) 9988 d) 9900

Divisible by 88
- Divisible by 8 and 11
all 4 options divisible by 11
a 944 / 8 = 118 divisible by 8
b odd number not divisible by 8
c 988 / 8 not divisible by 8

answer : a
 Unit Digit

Find the unit digit of the sum

263 + 541 + 275 + 562 + 758
Add only the unit digits
= 19
Unit digit = 9
Find the unit digit of the product
543 * 548 * 476 * 257
Multiply only unit digits
unit digit = 8
 Unit Digit
what is the unit digit of
1237 - 4563 + 6214 + 8541 - 5612
a) 5 b) 3 c) 8 d) 7
Answer : d
Find the unit digit of the product
567 x 142 x 263 x 429 x 256
a) 5 b) 3 c) 8 d) None of these
Answer : c
Find the unit digit of product of the prime numbers up to 50.
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 5
2*3*5*…
=0
Answer : a
 Unit Digit

Unit digit of 2^ 156 = ?

2^5 = 32
2^1 = 2
2^6 = 64
2² = 4
2^7 = 128
2³ = 8
2^8 = 256
2⁴ = 16
Unit digit of 2^ any number is one among
2, 4, 8 and 6
Divide the power by 4 Unit digit of 2^ 156
If divisible unit digit 2⁴ =6 56 / 4
divisible
If remainder 1 unit digit 2^1 = 2 so unit digit is 6
If remainder 2 unit digit 2² =4
If remainder 3 unit digit 2³ =8
 Unit Digit

3^1 = 3
3² = 9
3³ = 27
3⁴ = 81

Unit digit of 3^ any number is one among

3, 9, 7 and 1
Divide the power by 4
If divisible unit digit 3⁴ =1
If remainder 1 unit digit 3^1 = 3
If remainder 2 unit digit 3² =9
If remainder 3 unit digit 3³ =7
 Unit Digit

4^1 = 4 5^1 = 5
4² = 16 5² = 25
4³ = 64 5³ = 125
4⁴ = 256 Unit digit is always 5

Unit digit of 4^ any number is 4 or 6

If the power is odd number
6^1 = 6
Unit digit is 4
6² = 36
If the power is even number
6³ = 216
Unit digit is 6
Unit digit is always 6
 Unit Digit

7^1 = 7
7² = 49
7³ = __3
7⁴ = __1

Unit digit of 7^ any number is one among

7, 9, 3 and 1
Divide the power by 4
If divisible unit digit 7⁴ =1
If remainder 1 unit digit 7^1 = 7
If remainder 2 unit digit 7² =9
If remainder 3 unit digit 7³ =3
 Unit Digit

8^1 = 8
8² = 64
8³ = __2
8⁴ = __6

Unit digit of 8^ any number is one among

8, 4, 2 and 6
Divide the power by 4
If divisible unit digit 8⁴ =6
If remainder 1 unit digit 8^1 = 8
If remainder 2 unit digit 8² =4
If remainder 3 unit digit 8³ =2
 Unit Digit

9^1 = 9 1^1 = 1
9² = 81 1² = 1
9³ = __9 1³ = 1
9⁴ = __1 Unit digit is always 1

Unit digit of 9^ any number is 9 or 1

If the power is odd number
0^1 = 0
Unit digit is 9
0² = 0
If the power is even number
0³ = 0
Unit digit is 1
Unit digit is always 0
 Unit Digit

2, 3, 7 and 8
Divide the power by 4

4 and 9
Power odd / even number

0, 1, 5 and 6
The number itself
1. What is the digit in the unit place of the number
represented by
(79^5 – 35^8)?
a) 4 b) 3 c) 2 d) 1

(79^5 – 35^8)

9^5 - 5^8

= 9 - 5

=4

9^5

Power is odd number 5^8

So Unit digit is 9 Unit digit is 5

Answer : a
2. Find the unit digit of
352^4 + 43^24 + 4137^ 754 + 689 ^ 561
a) 5 b) 6 c) 7 d) 8

352^4 + 43^24 + 4137^ 754 + 689 ^ 561

= 2^4 + 3^24 + 7^ 754 + 9 ^ 561
= 6 + 1 + 9 + 9 = 25

2^4 = 16 unit digit 6 Unit digit 5

3^24 Divide the power by 4
9 ^ 561
24 / 4 divisible
Power 561 is odd number
So 3^4 Unit digit 1
Unit digit 9
7^ 754 Divide the power by 4
54 / 4 = 13 remainder 2
So 7² = 49 Unit digit 9 Answer : a
 3. Find the unit digit of the product
(2012^2012)*(2013^2013)*(2014^2014)*(2015^2015)
a) 0 b) 2 c) 3 d) 5

(2012^2012) * (2013^2013) * (2014^2014) * (2015^2015)

(2^2012) * (3^2013) * (4^2014) * (5^2015)

6 * 3 * 6 * 5 0

(2^2012) (3^2013)
Divide the power by 4 Divide the power by 4
= 12 / 4 = 13 / 4
Divisible Remainder 1
Unit digit is 6 Unit digit is 3

(4^2014)
(5^2015)
Power is even number
Unit digit is 5
Unit digit is 6
Answer : a
4. Find the unit digit of 4! + 10!
a) 0 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6

1! = 1
2! = 1 x 2 = 2
3! = 1 x 2 x 3 = 6
4! = 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 = 24
5! = 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 = 120
Next all numbers factorials Unit digit is 0
4! + 10!
4+0 =4

Answer : b
5. Find the unit digit of 0! + 3! + 200!
a) 0 b) 5 c) 6 d) 7

0! = 1
3! = 1 x 2 x 3 = 6
0! + 3! + 200!
1+6 + 0 =7

Answer : d
 Number of zeroes at the end

2 x 5 = 10
2 x 2 x 5 x 5 = 100
2 x 2 x 2 x 5 x 5 = 200
2 x 2 x 5 x 5 x 5 = 500
2 x 2 x 2 x 5 x 5 x 5 = 1000

So number of 2 and 5 pairs = Number of zeroes at the end

Number of zeros at the end of
1200 + 1265000 + 1500000 + 9213000 + 2100 is
a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 5

1200
1265000
1500000
9213000
2100
300

Answer : a
Calculate the number of zeros at the end of 63!
a) 12 b) 15 c) 21 d) 14

63 ! = 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x . . . x 63
63
= 12
5
12
= 2
5

14

Answer : d
Calculate number of zeros at the end of 74! & 75!
a) 16 & 17 b) 16 & 18 c) 17 & 18 d) 18 & 19

74
= 14 75
5 = 15
5
14
= 2 15
5 = 3
5
16 18

Answer : b
Calculate the number of zeros at the end of 625!
a) 155 b) 150 c) 125 d) 156

625
= 125
5
125
= 25
5
25
= 5
5
5
= 1
5

156
Answer : d
Number of zeros at the end of (100!) X (120!)
a) 28 b) 52 c) 672 d) 252

100 120
= 20 = 24
5 5
20 24
= 4 = 4
5 5

24 28

24 + 28
= 52
Answer : b
The number of zeros at the end of the product of all prime numbers
between 1 and 1111 is?
a) 0 b) 1 c) 225 d) 275

Only one 2 and

Only one 5

So only one zero

Answer : b
The number of zeros at the end of the product of
74 x 75 x 76x 77 x 78 x 79 x 80 is?
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

5s in 75 and 80
75 = 3 x 25
= 3x5x5
80 = 16 x 5

Only 3 number of 5s
and more number of 2s
So 3 zeroes
Answer : c
The number of zeros at the end of the product of
2 x 5 x 8 x 25 x 75 is?
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

5s in 5, 25 and 75
5
25 = 5x5
75 = 3x5x5
5 number of 5s
2
8 = 2x2x2
Only 4 number of 2s

So 4 zeros
Answer : d
What is the highest power of 3 that can divide 100!?

100
= 33
3
33
= 11
3
11
= 3
3
3 1
=
3

48
What is the maximum power of 7 contained in 120!?

120
= 17
7
17
= 2
7

19
What is the highest power of 4 that can divide 125!?

125! = 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 x 7 x 8 x . . . X 125
2x3
4 = 2²

125 7
= 62 = 3
2 2
62 3
= 31 = 1
2 2
31 119
= 15
2 2^119
15 7 2² ^ ?
=
2 = 119 / 2
= 59
What is the highest power of 12 that can divide 116!?

12 =3x4
4 = 2²
12 = 2² x 3
116 7
= 58 = 3
2 2
58 3
= 29 = 1
2 2
29 112
= 14
2 2^112
14 7 2² ^ ?
=
2 = 112 / 2
= 56
116 2² ^ 56 and 3^55
= 38
3 12 = 2² x 3
38 (2² x 3) ^ ?
= 12
3 So Maximum power of 12
12 = 55
= 4
3
4 1
=
3

55
What is the highest power of 8 that can divide 125!?

8 = 2x4
= 2x2x2
= 2³
125 7
= 62 = 3
2 2
62 3
= 31 = 1
2 2
31 119
= 15
2 2^119
15 7 2³ ^ ?
=
2 = 119 / 3
= 39
What is the maximum power of 18 in 210!?
a) 102 b) 51 c) 206 d) 103
18 = 2x9
= 2x3x3
= 2 x 3²
210 13
= 105 = 6
2 2
105 6
= 52 = 3
2 2
52 3
= 26 = 1
2 2
26 13 206
=
2
2^206
210
= 70
3
70 3^102
= 23
3 3² ^ = ?
23 = 102 / 2
= 7
3 = 51
7 2 3² ^ 51
=
3 2 ^ 206
102 (2 x 3²) ^ 51
18 ^ 51 Answer : b
 Factors

Factors of 12
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
Odd factors – 1 and 3 Even factors – 2, 4, 6 and 12
N = p^a x q^b x r^c . . . p,q,r are prime numbers
No of factors = (a+1) x (b+1) x (c+1) . . .
12 =4x3
=2x2x3
= 2² x 3
No of factors = (2+1) x (1+1)
=3x2
=6
No of Odd factors = (1 + 1) = 2
No of Even factors =6–2=4
No of Prime factors = 2 (2² x 3, so 2 and 3)
 Factors

Factors of 12
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
Sum of factors = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 6 + 12
= 28
12 = 2² x 3
Sum of factors = (2⁰ + 2 + 2² ) x (3⁰ + 3)
= (1 + 2 + 4) x (1 + 3)
=7x4
= 28
 Factors

No of Factors of a square number – Odd number

Factors of 4
1, 2, 4
No of factors = 3 Odd number
Factors of 16
1, 2, 4, 8, 16
No of factors = 5 Odd number

1. How many numbers have odd no of factors from 20 to 100?

Only square numbers have odd no of factors
From 20 to 100 square numbers are
25, 36, 49, 64, 81 and 100
Answer : 6
2. Find the number of factors of 124

2 124 124 = 2² x 31

2 62 No of Odd factors

31 =2

124 = 2 x 2 x 31
= 2² x 31
Number of factors = (2 + 1) x (1 + 1)
=6
Find the sum of factors of 124
Sum of factors = (2⁰ + 2 + 2²) x (31 ⁰ + 31)
= (1 + 2 + 4) x (1 + 31)
= 7 x 32
= 224
3. Find the number of divisors of 3456

3 3456
3 1152 3456 = 3³ x 2⁷
3 384 No of Odd factors
2 128 =3+1

8 64 =4

8
3456 = 3 x 3 x 3 x 2 x 8 x 8
= 3³ x 2 x 2³ x 2³
= 3³ x 2⁷
No of factors = (3 + 1) x (7 + 1)
=4x8
= 32
4. Find the number of divisors of 15000.

15000 = 15 x 1000
= 15 x 10 x 10 x 10
=3x5x2x5x2x5x2x5
= 2³ x 3 x 5⁴
No of factors = 4 x 2 x 5
= 40
No of Prime factors = 3
No of Odd factors =2x5
= 10
No of Even factors = 30
5. Find the number of divisors of 15000 that are perfect
squares.

To find the number of perfect square factors

take Prime factors with even power

15000 = 2³ x 3 x 5⁴

2⁰ 2² 2
3⁰ 1
5⁰ 5² 5⁴ 3

2x1x3
=6
6. Find the number of divisors of 2⁵x3⁷x5⁴ that are perfect
squares.

2⁵x3⁷x5⁴

2⁰ 2² 2⁴ 3
3⁰ 3² 3⁴ 3⁶ 4
5⁰ 5² 5⁴ 3

3x4x3
= 36
7. Find the number of divisors of 84^10

3 84
2 28
2 14
7

84 =2x2x3x7
= 2² x 3 x 7
84^10 = (2² x 3 x 7) ^ 10
= (2^20) x (3^10) x (7^10)
No of factors = 21 x 11 x 11
= 2541
8. In how many ways can you write 42 as a product of 2
distinct numbers?
1 x 42
2 x 21
3 x 14
6x7
4 ways

3 42 42 = 2 x 3 x 7
2 14 No of factors = 2 x 2 x 2
7 =8
8/2
= 4 ways
9. In how many ways can you write 81 as a product of 2
distinct numbers?

1 x 81
3 x 27
2 ways

81 = 9 x 9
= 3² x 3²
= 3⁴
No of factors = 5

(5 – 1) / 2
= 2 ways
10. In how many ways can you write 144 as a product of 2
distinct positive integers?

1 x 144 144 = 12 x 12
2 x 72 =4x3x4x3
3 x 48 = 2² x 2² x 3²
4 x 36 = 2⁴ x 3²
6 x 24 No of factors = 5 x 3
8 x 18 = 15
9 x 16
(15 – 1) / 2
7 ways = 14 / 2
= 7 ways
 LCM and GCD

LCM – Least Common Multiplier

GCD – Greatest Common Divisor
HCF – Highest Common Factor

LCM of 4 and 9
4 - 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40. . .
9 - 9, 18, 27, 36, 45 . . .
LCM = 36
HCF of 4 and 9
Factors of 4 - 1, 2, 4
Factors of 9 - 1, 3, 9
HCF = 1
1. Calculate the GCD and LCM of 12 and 32.

12 = 3 x 4 32 = 2 x 16
2 12, 32
= 2² x 3 =2x2x8
2 6, 16
= 2⁵
3, 8

HCF or GCD = 2²
HCF or GCD = 2 x 2
=4
=4
LCM = 2 x 2 x 3 x 8
LCM = 2⁵ x 3
= 96
= 32 x 3
= 96
LCM x HCF of any 2 numbers = Product of that 2 nos
LCM x HCF = N1 x N2
4 x 96 = 12 x 32
384 = 384

LCM is the product of HCF

LCM = HCF x k k – constant
96 = 4 x 24

N1 = HCF x k1 N2 = HCF x k2
12 = 4 x 3 32 = 4 x 8
2. Calculate the GCD and LCM of 18 and 24 and 42.

18 = 2 x 9 24 = 2 x 12 42 = 2 x 21
= 2 x 3² = 2 x 2² x 3 =2x3x7
= 2³ x 3

HCF = 2x3
= 6

LCM = 2³ x 3² x 7
= 8x9x7
= 504
 3. A rice merchant has 14 kg of Ponni rice, 42 kg of
Sambha rice and 70 kg of Kuruvai rice. He wants to pack
the rice in bags such that each bag contains the same
quantity of rice and there is no mixing of rice of different
varieties. What is the least number of bags required?
a) 5 b) 20 c) 9 d) 14

HCF of 14, 42 and 70 14 Kg per bag

14 = 2x7 14 kg Ponni in 1 bag
42 = 6x7 42 = 14 x 3
= 2x3x7 42 kg Sambha in 3 bags
70 = 10 x 7 70 = 14 x 5
= 2x5x7 70 kg Kuruvai in 5 bags
HCF =2x7
= 14 Total No of Bags = 9
 4. I have three measuring tapes of lengths 15 cm, 20 cm
and 25 cm. What is the minimum length of cable of integral
length that I can measure using any of the three tapes?
a) 180 b) 300 c) 200 d) 150

LCM of 15, 20 and 25

15 = 3x5
20 = 4x5
= 2² x 5
25 = 5²

LCM = 2² x 3 x 5²
= 300
5. Calculate LCM and HCF of the fractions 3/7, 2/5 and 4/9

LCM of fractions= LCM of Numerators / HCF of Denominators

HCF of fractions= HCF of Numerators / LCM of Denominators

LCM = LCM of (3, 2, 4) / HCF of (7, 5, 9)

= 12 / 1
= 12

HCF = HCF of (3, 2, 4) / LCM of (7, 5, 9)

= 1 / 315
 Remainder

Remainder of 14 x 15
13
= Remainder of 1 x 2
13
=2
 Remainder

Fermat’s Theorem
When a^(p-1)
p
the remainder is 1
p – prime number
a – not a multiple of p

Example - 2^4
5
Remainder 1
 Remainder

Wilson’s Theorem
When (p-1)! + 1
p
the remainder is 0
p – prime number

Example - 4! + 1
5
Remainder 0
1. What is the remainder when the product
1450 x 1549 x 1586 x 1640 is divided by 12
a) 2 b) 4 c) 8 d) 10

/ 12 Rem
1450 10
1549 1
1586 2

1640 8
= Rem of ( 10 x 1 x 2 x 8) / 12
= Rem of (160) / 12
=4

Answer : b
2. What is the remainder when 2^54 is divided by 7?
a)6 b)1 c)5 d)4

2^54 = (2³) ^ 18
= 8^ 18 /7
8/7 Rem 1
so, 1^18 / 7
Rem 1
Answer : b
3. What is the remainder when 2^56 is divided by 7?
a)6 b)1 c)5 d)4

2^56 = 2^54 x 2²
= 4 x (2³) ^ 18
=4 x 8^ 18 /7
8/7 Rem 1
so, 4 x 1^18 / 7
Rem 4
Answer : d
4. What is the remainder when 2^54 is divided by 9?
a)6 b)1 c)5 d)4

2^54 = (2³) ^ 18
= 8^ 18 /9
8/9 Rem 8
let Rem = -1 (9-1)
so, (-1)^18 / 9
Rem 1
Answer : b
5. What is the remainder when 2^57 is divided by 9?
a)6 b)1 c)8 d)4

2^57 = (2³) ^ 19
= 8^ 19 /9
8/9 Rem 8
let Rem = -1 (9-1)
so, (-1)^19 / 9
Rem -1
=9–1
=8
Answer : c
6. What is the remainder when 2^58 is divided by 9?
a)7 b)1 c)8 d)4

2^58 = 2^57 x 2
= 2 x (2³) ^ 19
= 2 x 8^ 19 /9
8/9 Rem 8
let Rem = -1 (9-1)
so, 2(-1)^19 / 9
Rem -2
=9–2
=7
Answer : a
7. What is the remainder when 3^10 is divided by 7?
a)7 b)1 c)8 d)4

3^10 = 3² ^ 5
3^10 = 3 x 3^9
= 9^5 / 7
= 3 x (3³)^3 / 7
= 9/7 Rem 2
= 3 x 27³ / 7
= 2^5 / 7
= 27 / 7 Rem -1
= 2² x 2³ / 7
= 3 (-1) ³ / 7
= Rem 4 / 7
= 3 (-1) / 7
=4
= Rem -3
=7-3
=4

Answer : d
8. Find the remainder when 9 x 5^40 is divided by 8?
a)7 b)1 c)3 d)4

9/8 Rem 1
5^40 = 5² ^ 20
= 25^20
25 /8 = Rem 1
1 x 1 ^ 20 / 8
= Rem 1

Answer : b
9. Find the remainder when (2^101) is divided by 11?
a)2 b)3 c)5 d)4

2^101 = 2 x 2^100
= 2 x (2^10)^10
2^10 / 11 Rem = 1
2 x 1 /11 Rem = 2
Answer : a
10. A number when divided by 372 leaves a remainder
65. What is the remainder when the same number is
divided by 31
a)5 b)3 c)13 d)Cannot be determined

372 /31
N / 372 Rem 65
= 12 divisible
N = 372 + 65
31 is a factor of 372
= 437
So Rem ( 65 / 31)
437 / 31
=3
Rem = 3

Answer : b
11. Find the remainder when (1! + 2! +3! + . . . + 20!) / 7
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 5

(1! + 2! +3! + . . . + 20!) / 7

First 7 in 7! Only
7!, 8!, 9! … contains 7
so divisible by 7
so remainder from (1! + 2! + 3! + . . . +6!)
(1 + 2 + 6 + 24 + 120 + 720) / 7
= 873 / 7
Rem 5

Answer : d
 Decimal to Fraction

What is the equivalent fraction of 0.𝟕

ഥ?
Let x = 0.𝟕
ഥ
= 0.7777777
10x = 7.777777
10x – x = 7
9x =7
x =7/9

0.𝟕𝟓 = 75 / 99
0.𝟕𝟔𝟓 = 765 / 999
 Decimal to Fraction

What is the equivalent fraction of 1.23𝟕

ഥ
Let x = 1.23𝟕
ഥ
= 1.237777777
1000x = 1237.777777
100x = 123.777777
900x = 1114
x = 1114/900

1.23𝟕𝟓 = (12375 – 123) / 9900

= 12252 / 9900

ab.𝐜𝐝𝒆𝒇𝒈 = (abcdefg – abcd) / 99900

 Surds and Indices

aᵐ x aⁿ = aᵐᶧⁿ
aᵐ / aⁿ = aᵐ̄-ⁿ
(aᵐ ) ⁿ = aᵐⁿ
√3 is a surd of order 2
3
7 is a surd of order 3
4√343 is a surd of order 2
√m×√n=√m×n
√m/√n=√m/n
Find the value of 42 + 42 + 42 + ⋯ ∞
a) 7 b) 6 c) 13 d) 42

Let x = 42 + 42 + 42 + ⋯∞

x = 42 + 𝑥
x² = 42 + x
x² - x - 42 = 0
x = 7 or -6

Answer : a
Find The Positive Square root of 6-√20?
a) √5 + 1 b) √5 – 1 c) 2√5 d) √5
6=5+1
= (√5)² + 1²
(a – b)² = a² + b² - 2ab
(√5 – 1)² = 5 + 1 - 2√5
= 6 - √4 x 5
= 6 - √20
Square root of 6 -√20? = √5 – 1

Answer : b
Thank you…
 MB20108

Career Development
Course - I
 Percentage
10 % 2550
= 255
10 % of 255
= 25.5
10 % of 25.5
2.55

20% = 10% x 2
70% = 10% x 7
 Percentage
Equivalent Fraction
50 % = 1/2

25 % = 1/4

12.5 % = 1/8

20 % = 1/5

33.33 % = 1/3

16.67 % = 1/6

14.28 % = 1/7

11.11 % = 1/9
 Percentage
Increase / Decrease in %

A Student got 50 marks in 1st test and 75 in 2nd test What

is the % increase in his marks?
a) 25% b) 20% c) 50% d) 33.33%

From 50 to 75
25 marks increased
% increase = (25/50)x100
= 50%

A Student got 75 marks in 1st test and 50 in 2nd test What

is the % decrease in his marks?
a) 25% b) 20% c) 50% d) 33.33%

From 75 to 50
25 marks decreased
% increase = (25/75)x100
= 33.33%
 Profit Loss and Discount
Profit % = SP – CP
X 100
CP

Loss % = CP – SP X 100
CP

Discount % = MP - SP
X 100
MP
 Profit Loss and Discount
SP = CP + Profit

SP = CP - Loss

Profit / Loss % of CP

Discount % of MP
1. Price of Petrol is increased by 25%, By
what percentage should it be reduced to get
back to the initial price ?
a) 25% b) 20% c) 30% d) 23%

Let the Price of Petrol Rs. 100

25% 25
New Price Rs. 125
reduce% ? ?
Price to be reduced Rs. 25

(25 / 125) x 100

= ( 1 / 5) x 100
= 20 %
2. x% of y = y% of ?
a) xy b) x c) x + y d) 1/xy

(x/100)y = xy / 100 = (y/100)x

Answer : b
3. In an election between 2 candidates, ‘A’ gets 65% of
the total valid votes. If the total votes were 6000, What
is The number of valid votes that the other candidate
gets if 25% of the total votes were declared invalid?
a) 1625 b) 1575 c) 1675 d) 1525

Total votes = 6000

Invalid Votes = 25 %
Valid Votes = 75 %
75 % 6000 = 6000 x (3/4)
= 1500 x 3
= 4500
A got 65% so the other one got 100–65 = 35%
35% of 4500
10% = 450 5% = 225
35% = 1575
4. A school has 2000 students, out of which 40% of the
students are in higher secondary. Out of the students in
higher secondary, 28% are girls and 50% of them passed.
The overall pass percentage in the higher secondary is
40%. How many boys passed?
a) 208 b) 320 c) 200 d) 96
Total no of Students = 2000
10 % = 200
40 % = 800
28% girls
50% passed 50% ( 28% ) = 14 %
14 % of 800 = 14 x 8
= 112 girls
Over all pass% = 40 %
40 % (800) = 320
Boys = 320 – 112
= 208
5. Cost Price of 20 apples equal to the Selling Price of 15
apples. What is the Profit / Loss %?
a) 25% loss b) 25% profit
c) 33.33% profit d) 33.33% loss

15 SP = 20 CP
(4 / 3) – 1 x 100
SP = (20 / 15) CP
(1 / 3) x 100
= (4 / 3) CP
= 33.33%

(4 / 3) CP – CP X 100
5
CP X 100
15
(4 / 3) – 1 x 100
(1 / 3) x 100
(1 / 3) x 100
= 33.33%
= 33.33%
6. On selling 17 balls at Rs. 720, there is a loss equal to
the cost price of 5 balls. What is the cost price of a
ball?
A. Rs. 43 B. Rs. 60 C. Rs. 55 D. Rs. 34

17 CP – 720 = 5 CP

12 CP = 720

CP = 60
7. A shopkeeper sells his goods at cost price but uses
a weight of 800 gm instead of kilogram weight. What is
his profit percentage?
A. 18% B. 20% C. 25% D. 40%

200

800

= (1 / 4) x 100

= 25 %
8. A trader keeps the marked price of an item 35%
above its cost price. The percentage of
discount allowed to gain 8% is
A. 27% B. 17% C. 25% D. 20%

Let the Price = Rs 100

(27 / 135) x 100
MP = 35% above 100
= (1 / 5) x 100
= 100 + 35
= 20%
= 135

To gain 8% SP = 108

Discount = 135 – 108

= 27
9. A reduction of 10% in the price of sugar enables a
man to buy 25 kg more for Rs. 225.
What is the original price of sugar (per kilogram)?
a) Rs.1 b) Rs. 1.5 c) Rs.0.9 d) RS. 2

Actual Price = Rs. 225

10% of 225 = 22.5

For Rs. 22.5 he can buy 25 Kg

So 1 Kg = 22.5 / 25
= Rs. 0.9 Reduced price
= 90% of actual price
Actual Price = (0.9 / 90) x 100
= Rs. 1
Answer : a
10. A man sold 2 flats for Rs 675958 each on one he
gains 16% while on the other he losses 16%.
How much does he gain/loss in the whole
transaction?
a) 2.56 % gain b) 2.56% loss
c) 8% gain d) 8% loss

(16/10)²% loss

= 256 / 100 loss

= 2.56% loss

Answer : b
Linear Equations
1. Cost of 5 chocolates and 7 kitkats isRs.40 Cost of 8
kitkats and 10 chocolates is Rs. 50 Find the cost of 1
chocolate and 1 kitkat.
(1) Rs. 10 (2) Rs. 7 (3) Rs. 6 (4) Rs. 5

5c + 7k = 40
10c + 8k = 50
Add the equations
15c + 15k = 90
/15 c+k =6

Answer : 3
 2. Cost of 4 hats and 6 bats is Rs. 500/- Cost of 6 hats and
9 bats is Rs. 1,000/- Find the cost of one hat.
(1)Rs. 100 (2) Rs. 200
(3) Rs. 300 (4) Cannot be determined

4h + 6b = 500
6h + 9b = 1000
First equation x 3 12h + 18b = 1500
Second equation x 2 12h + 18b = 2000
Inconsistent equations

Answer : 4
 3. Rohit wants to purchase two books Hadley Chase and
Agatha Christie from a pavement shop. The total cost of the
two books is Rs. 178. Rohit has Rs. 22 less than the cost of
Hadley Chase but Rs. 28 more than the cost of the Agatha
Christie. How much money does Rohit have?
(1) Rs. 92 (2) Rs. 74 (3) Rs. 88 (4) Rs. 68

Let the money with Rohit = r

H + A = 178 2r = 184
r = H – 22 r = 92
r = A + 28
Add the equations Answer : 1
2r = H + A + 6
= 178 +6
4. Five years ago, John’s age was half of the age he will be
in 8 years. How old is he now?
1)18 2) 16 3) 14 4) 12

j – 5 = (j + 8) /2
2j – 10 = j + 8
j = 18
Answer : 1
5. The present age of father is 3 years more than three
times the age of his daughter. Three years hence, father’s
age will be 10 years more than twice the age of His
daughter. Find the present age of father.
(1) 28 (2) 33 (3) 68 (4) 21

f = 3d + 3
f + 3 = 2(d + 3) + 10
3d + 3 + 3 = 2d + 6 + 10
3d + 6 = 2d + 16
d = 10
f = 33
Answer : 2
Thank you. . .
MB20108 – CAREER DEVELOPMENT COURSE - I

No / Letter Series – Coding and

Decoding
1) 3, 7, 16, 32, 57, ?
A) 39 B) 43 C) 93 D) 63
• 3+4=7 4 = 2^2
• 7 + 9 = 16 9 = 3^2
• 16 + 16 = 32 16 = 4^2
• 32 + 25 = 57 25 = 5^2

• So Next number to be added will be 6^2

• 57 + 36 = 93
• Option D
2) 48, 24, 72, 36, 108, ? , ?
A) 115, 230 B) 216, 54 C) 48, 120 D) 54, 162
• 48 / 2 = 24
• 24 X 3 = 72
• 72 / 2 = 36
• 36 x 3 = 108
• So Next 2 numbers
• 108 / 2 = 54
• 54 X 3 = 162
• Option D
3) 2, 6, 30, 210, ?, 30030
A) 2310 B)1890 C) 2520 D) 2730
• 2X3=6
• 6 X 5 = 30
• 30 X 7 = 210
• Multiplied by 3, 5 , 7 (Odd Numbers) So Next number to be multiplied be 9
• 210 X 9 = 1890, Check the next number under this logic

• 1890 X 11 = 20790, But it is given as 30030 – So X

• 3, 5, 7 are odd prime numbers also, So next number to be multiplied is 11
• 210 X 11 = 2310 and 2310 X 13 = 30030
• Option A
4) 12, 6, 6, 9, 18, 45, ?
A) 90 B) 135 C) 125 D) 180
• 12 X 0.5 = 6
• 6X1=6
• 6 X 1.5 = 9
• 9 X 2 = 18
• 18 X 2.5 = 45
• Next will be 45 X 3 = 135
• Option B
5) 3, 6, 3, 12, 7, 42, 35, ?
A) 280 B) 210 C) 8 D) 54
• 3X2=6
• 6–3=3
• 3 X 4 =12
• 12 – 5 = 7
• 7 X 6 = 42
• 42 – 7 = 35
• Next number will be 35 X 8 = 280
• Option A
ONE NUMBER DOES NOT FIT THE SERIES. IDENTIFY THIS
“ODD” ELEMENT FROM THE GIVEN ANSWER CHOICES

6) 11, 12, 26, 79, 328

A) 12 B) 26 C) 79 D) 328

• (11 X 1) + 1 = 12
• (12 X 2) + 2 = 26
• (26 X 3) + 3 = 81 but 79 is there So that is the odd one
• Check for next number (81 X 4) + 4 = 328 So Our logic is correct
• Option C
ONE NUMBER DOES NOT FIT THE SERIES. IDENTIFY THIS
“ODD” ELEMENT FROM THE GIVEN ANSWER CHOICES

7) 17, 19, 23, 25, 29

• A) 19 B) 23 C) 25 D) 29

• 17, 19, 23 & 29 are Prime numbers

• SO 25 is Odd one

• Option C
8) CEH, DGK, EIN, ?
A) FKQ B) FLO C) GKO D) FOK
• CEH, DGK, EIN, ?
• C D E next F
• E F G H I J next K
• HIJKLMNOPQ
• FKQ
• Option A
9) BAT, DCV, FEX, ?
A) HGI B) HGZ C) HIJ D) HGY

• B A T, D C V, F E X, ?
• B C D E F GH
• A B C D E F G
• T U V W X Y Z
• HGZ
• Option B
10) D, I, P, Y, J, ?
A) P B) V C) W D) Z
• D, I, P, Y, J, ?
• In Alphabetical Order D is 4th letter, I is 9 th letter
and so on…
• D = 4, I = 9, P = 16, Y = 25
• 4,9,16,25 ARE Square Nos So next is 36
• 36 = 26 + 10 So 10th letter J
• Next 49 = (26 + 23) W is the answer
• Option C
11. JF, FM, MA, AM, MJ, ?
A) JM B) JF C) JJ D) JA
• JF – January February
• FM – February March
• MA – March April
• AM – April May
• MJ – May June
• Next June July – JJ
• Option C
12) C4F, E6I, G9L, I13O, ?
A) K17R B) K18R C) L18R D) K18S
• C 4 F, E 6 I, G 9 L, I 13 O, ?
• CDEFGHIJK
• 4 + 2 =6; 6 +3 = 9; 9 + 4 = 13; 13 + 5 = 18
• FGHIJKLMNOPQR
• K 18 R
• Option B
13) IN A CERTAIN CODED LANGUAGE IF “INDIA” IS CODED
AS ‘42”, “CEYLON” CODED AS “80”, WHAT IS THE CODE
FOR “JAPAN”?
A) 37 B) 47 C) 42 D) 74
• INDIA In Alphabetical order I – 9th letter, N – 14th letter, D – 4th
letter, I - 9th letter A -1st letter
• Add 9 + 14 + 4 + 9 + 1 = 37 + 5 (No of letters in India) = 42
• CEYLON = 3+5+25+12+15+14 = 74 + 6 = 80
• JAPAN = 10 + 1 + 16 + 1 + 14 = 42 + 5 = 47

• Option B
14. IF “ARITHMETIC” IS CODED AS “ACEHIIMRTT”,
HOW IS “APTITUDE” CODED ?
A) AEDPIIUT B) ADEIPTTUV
C) ADEIPTTU D) ADEIPUTT

• Arrange the letter of the word “ARITHMETIC” in

Alphabetical Order – ACEHIIMRTT
• APTITUDE – ADEIPTTU
• Option C
15. IN A CERTAIN CODE, IF SHOOT IS WRITTEN
AS TGPNU, HOW SHOULD WATER BE WRITTEN?
A) XZUDS B) XBUFS C) VZSDQ D) VBSFQ
• SHOOT – TGPNU
• Next letter and Previous letter
• S – T, H – G, O – P, O – N, T – U
• WATER - W – X, A – Z, T – U, E – D, R – S
• XZUDS
• Option A
16. IF “CAT” IS CODED AS “9”, “BOOK” IS CODED AS
“15”, “STUDY” IS CODED AS “25”,
“SYMBOL” IS CODED AS “35”, WHAT IS THE CODE
FOR “PRACTICE”
A) 49 B) 63 C) 64 D) 81
CAT – 3 letters – 3 ^2 = 9
BOOK – 4 letters - 4^2 = 16 – 1 = 15
STUDY – 5 Letters – 5^2 = 25
SYMBOL – 6 letters – 6^2 = 36 - 1 = 35
PRACTICE – 8 letters – 8^2 = 64 – 1 = 63
Option B
BLOOD RELATIONS
1. Sushma is the mother-in-law of Alka, who is the sister-in-
law of Pradhap. Raghav is the father of Vishnu, the only
brother of Pradhap. How is Sushma related to Pradhap?
a) Wife b) Aunt c) Mother-in-law d) Mother

S R

P V A

Answer : d
2. If A is the father of B, B is the mother of C and C is the
daughter of D, then how is A related to D?
a) Sister-in-law b) Father-in-law
c) Son-in-law d) Brother-in-law.

B D

Answer : b
 3. “A * B” means ‘A is the mother of B’. “A + B” means ‘A is
the father of B’. “A - B” means ‘A is the sister of B’ and “A /
B” means ‘A is the daughter of B’, then how is M related to P
in the following expression “M – N + Q / R * P”?
a) Mother b) Aunt c) Sister-in-law d) Cousin

M–N+Q/R*P
R* P - R is mother of P
Q / R – Q is daughter of R
So Q is sister of P
N + Q – N is father of Q
So N is father of P
M – N – M is sister of N
M is P’s father’s sister
Aunt
Answer : b
4. Rahim told Shyam, “Yesterday I defeated the only
brother of the daughter of my grandmother”. Whom did
Rahim defeat?
a) Father b) Father or Uncle c) Uncle d) Son

Paternal Maternal
GM GM

D B D B

Rahim
Rahim

Father Or Uncle
5. M is the sister of N, N is the father of P and P is the
brother of Q. How is Q related to M?
a) Niece b) Nephew
c) Aunt d) Data inadequate

N M

Q P
Male / Data inadequate
Female
THANK YOU…..