UNIT 5: NATIONAL SECURITY
the nation-state through the use of economic,
INTRODUCTION
Security will be interpreted as:
1. Security of people, not just for territory
2. Security of individuals, not just of nations
3. Security through development, not through
arms
➢ It is a condition or state of being where the
Filipino peoples’ values, way of life, institutions,
welfare and well-being, sovereignty and
strategic locations are protected and enhanced
WHAT IS HUMAN SECURITY?
➢ Safety from chronic threats as hunger, disease
and repression
➢ Protection from sudden and hurtful disruptions
in the patterns of life – whether in homes, in jobs
or in communities
➢ Encompasses human rights, good governance,
access to education and health care and ensuring
that each individual has opportunities and
choices to fulfil his or her potential
According to United Nations Commissions…
➢ Seeks to “protect the vital core of all human lives
in ways that enhance human freedoms and
human fulfilment”.
➢ Requires “protecting people from critical and
pervasive threats” and “empowering them to
take charge of their own lives”
➢ “Protection and empowerment are mutually
reinforcing and cannot succeed in isolation”
➢ The Commission puts emphasis on the “need for
comprehensive, integrated and people centered
solutions that together can help people develop
the building blocks of survival, livelihood and
dignity
HUMAN SECURITY
➢ More than absence of conflict
➢ Encompasses human rights
➢ Good governance
➢ Access to education and health care
➢ Ensuring that each individual has opportunities
and choices to fulfill his/her potential
WHAT IS NATIONAL SECURITY?
➢ The state or condition wherein people’s way of
life and being are protected and/or advanced.
➢ State or condition wherein the values which a
nation treasures such as territorial integrity,
sovereignty, people’s way of life and well-being
are protected and enhanced.
➢ It is the requirement to maintain the survival of
military, and political power and the exercise of
diplomacy.
➢ “ A state or condition where our most cherished
values and beliefs, our democratic way of life,
our institutions of governance and our unity,
welfare and well-being as a nation and people
are permanently and continuously enhanced”
(Banlaoi, 2010).
NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE PHILIPPINES
➢ Commonwealth Act No. 1, also known as the
National Defense Act, is the original policy basis
of the national security program of the Republic
of the Philippines.
➢ The 1987 Constitution mandates civilian control
of the military and establishes the President as
commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. The
President also heads the National Security
Council, the policy-making and advisory body for
matters connected with national defense.
THE COUNCIL OF NATIONAL SECURITY
- President
- Vice President
- AFP chief of staff
- National Security Council Director
- Executive Secretary
- Secretary of Foreign Affairs
- Secretary of National Defense
- Secretary of interior and Local Government
- Secretary of Justice
- Secretary of Labor and Employment
Responsibility for national security was vested in the
Department of National Defense. The principal functions
of the department in 1991 were to defend the State
against internal and external threats and, through the
Philippine National Police, to maintain law and order.
The Secretary of National Defense, by law a civilian, was
charged with advising the President on defense matters
and developing defense policy.
FUNCTIONS OF NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL:
◼ Advise the President with respect to the
integration of domestic, foreign and military
policies relating to national security.
◼ It also serves as the President’s principal arm for
coordinating these policies among various
government departments and agencies in
matters involving national security.
MEASURES TAKEN TO ENSURE NATIONAL SECURITY:
➢ Using diplomacy to rally allies and isolate
threats.
➢ Maintain effective armed forces
➢ Implementing civil defense and emergency
preparedness measures (including anti-
terrorism legislation)
➢ Ensuring the resilience and security of critical
infrastructure
➢ Using intelligence services to detect and defeat
or avoid threats and espionage, and to protect
classified information
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THREATS TO NATIONAL SECURITY
I. Man Made Threats
a. Terrorism
b. Explosion/Bomb Threats
c. Campus Violence/ Frat and gang war
d. Drug Addiction
e. Armed robberies/ Hold-ups
f. Snatching
g. Sabotage
h. Fire
i. Technological threats
II. Natural Threats
a. Earthquakes
b. Typhoons
c. Floods
d. Volcanic eruptions
e. Tsunamis
f. Pandemic