APPLICATION LAYER PROTOCOLS IN IoT

Presented by: Ajoy Banik

Roll No: 13001620130
Reg No: 201300101610044
B.Tech (7th Semester)
Internet of Things (OE-EE 701B)
Department of Electrical Engineering (Section: C)
Techno Main Salt Lake
 Content
➢ Introduction to Application Layer Protocol
➢ HTTP & CoAP
➢ MQTT & XMPP
➢ DDS & AMQP
➢ BIBLIOGRAPHY
Application Layer Protocol
❏ Application layer protocols define how
application processes (clients and servers),
running on different end systems, pass
messages to each other
❏ It enable process to process connections
using ports
❏ Different types of application layer protocols
are:
CoAP, MQTT, HTTP , DDS, AMQP, XMPP
HTTP
❏ Hypertext transfer protocol forms the foundation of World
Wide Web(WWW) & its a stateless protocol.
❏ It includes commands like: GET, PUT, POST, DELETE, HEAD,
TRACE, OPTIONS etc.
❏ It follows a request-response model where a client sends
request to a server using the HTTP commands.
Fig 1: HTTP Environment
❏ It uses Universal resource identifiers to identify http
resources

CoAP
❏ Constrained application protocol is an application layer
protocol for machine to machine applications.
❏ It runs on top of UDP instead of TCP.
❏ CoAP uses of client server architecture where clients
communicate with server using connectionless
datagrams.
❏ Like HTTP, CoAP supports method such as GET, PUT,
POST & DELETE Fig 2: CoAP Architecture
MQTT
❏ Message Queue Telemetry Transport is a lightweight messaging
protocol based on the publish-subscribe model
❏ It uses a client server architecture where client connects to server
and publishes messages to topics on the server
❏ Broker forward the messages to the clients subscribed to topics
❏ It is well suited for constrained environments where the devices
have limited processing and memory resources & the network
bandwidth is low Fig 3: Architecture of MQTT

XMPP
❏ Extensible messaging and presence protocol is a protocol for real
time communication and streaming XML data between network
entities
❏ XMPP powers wide range of applications: messaging, data
syndication gaming multi party chat and voice/video calls.
❏ It’s a decentralised protocol and uses of client server architecture
& It supports both client-server and server -server Fig 4: Architecture of XMPP
communication path
DDS
❏ Data distribution service is a data centric middleware
standard for device to device or machine to machine
communication
❏ DDS uses a public subscribe model where publishers
create topics to which subscribers can subscribe
❏ DDS provides Quality of service(QoS) control and
configurable reliability

AMQP Fig 5: DDS Architecture

❏ Advanced message queuing protocol is an open

application layer protocol for business messaging which
supports both point-point & publisher/subscriber models
routing and queuing.
❏ AMQP brokers receive messages from publishers & route
them to consumers.
❏ Messages are either delivered by broker to consumer or
consumers can pull the messages from the queues. Fig 6: AMQP Architecture
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
● Internet of Things: A Hands-on Approach by Arshdeep Bahga and
Vijay K. Madisetti
● https://www.amqp.org/
● https://www.dds-foundation.org/what-is-dds-3/
● https://iotbytes.wordpress.com/application-protocols-for-iot/
THANK YOU