Experience Sociology 3rd Edition Croteau Test Bank 1

Experience Sociology 3rd Edition by
Croteau Hoynes ISBN 1259921662

9781259405235
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Croteau & Hoynes, Experience Sociology 3e

Chapter 7 – Interaction, Groups, and Organizations
Multiple-Choice Questions
1. Which sociological perspective focuses on interpersonal interactions?
a. functionalist
b. feminist
c. conflict
d. symbolic interactionist
Answer: d
Page: 149
Level: Basic
Bloom’s: Remember
Topic: social interaction
Learning Objective: Describe interaction and the shared symbols that facilitate it.
2. Symbolic interactionists would be most interested in studying which aspect of education?

a. the functions of schools within a society
b. how classmates interact with one another
c. the economic benefits to attending college
d. the history of the American educational system
Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
Answer: b
Page: 149
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Understand
3. According to sociologists, which of the following allows people to communicate?

a. shared symbols and meanings
b. everyone learning English in school
c. flashcards
d. constant clarification
Answer: a
Page: 149
Level: Moderate
4. What do sociologists call the common understanding between people that arises from shared
knowledge, reality, or experience?
a. symbolic interaction
b. intersubjectivity
c. functionalism
d. culture
Answer: b
Page: 149
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Remember
5. Two strangers meet on a train. Despite speaking the same language, they are never able to
reach a common understanding about their experiences, nor do they have a common set of
knowledge, with neither being able to take the perspective of the other. What is NEVER
achieved in this interaction?
a. stereotypes
b. interaction
c. groupthink
d. intersubjectivity
Answer: d
Page: 149
Level: Moderate

Bloom’s: Apply
6. Albert is in his first year as a sociology graduate student. He wants to be a symbolic

interactionist and is starting a project on soccer teams. Which of the following research
questions would Albert be most likely to explore?
a. How much money can a professional soccer team bring in for its owners?
b. Why has soccer not become a more popular sport in the United States?
c. How do soccer players and coaches relate to one another during practice and matches?
d. What is the history of soccer in Europe and how did it come to the United States?
Answer: c
Page: 150
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
7. What do sociologists mean by “social construction”?

a. Our social world is constructed through social interaction.
b. Our world quickly changes because it is just “constructed.”
c. There are no consequences to the social world.
d. The social world has naturally evolved.
Answer: a
Page: 152
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
8. What sociological concept is the idea that if someone defines a situation as real it is real in its
consequences?
a. structure
b. the Thomas theorem
c. symbolic interaction
d. functionalism
Answer: b
Page: 151
Level: Moderate

9. What are stereotypes?
a. distorted and untrue generalizations about groups that overlook individual variation
b. true generalizations about a group of people based on both negative and positive attributes
c. statements regarding the negative attributes of a racial or ethnic group
d. positive generalizations of a particular group, such as a racial or ethnic group
Answer: a
Page: 152
Level: Moderate
Topic: stereotypes
10. According to sociologists, what are the societal consequences of stereotypes?

a. There are none; stereotypes have no real impact in the social world.
b. They teach us to appreciate diversity across groups.
c. We often negatively pre-judge people based on stereotypes.
d. They allow us to quickly identify important traits in others.
Answer: c
Page: 152
Level: Moderate
Topic: stereotypes
11. With which of the following statements would Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann most
likely disagree?
a. Men are a social product.
b. Society is an objective reality.
c. Society has organically evolved.
d. Society is a human product.
Answer: c
Page: 152
Level: Moderate
Topic: social structure

12. What is the three-step process that Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann believe individuals
go through as they construct reality?
a. externalization, objectivation, internalization
b. embodiment, objecting, internalizing
c. internalization, externalization, objectivation
d. defining, believing, constructing
Answer: a
Page: 152
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Remember
13. Which of the following best describes the difference between objectivation and
internationalization?
a. Objectivation is when something is true, and internationalization is when something is false.
b. Objectivation is when a part of our social world appears natural, and internationalization is
when we become influenced by our social world.
c. Both refer to how sociologists make sense of our social world; and neither process impacts
individuals in their daily lives.
d. Internationalization is when a part of our social world appears natural, and objectivation is
when we become influenced by our social world.
Answer: b
Page: 152
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
14. A social group decides that the length of someone’s big toe represents how intelligent and
trustworthy that person is. Soon those with longer big toes have a higher social standing.
Though the criteria may seem silly, it becomes a very real way group members are
differentiated. This illustrates which sociological concept?
a. intersubjectivity
b. Thomas theorem
c. in-group

d. reference group
Answer: b
Page: 151
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
15. Mike’s uncle is always making generalizations about certain racial/ethnic groups, describing
them as being smart, good with money, lazy, unmotivated, or prone to crime. Mike knows
that these assertions are unfounded but he does not know how to address his uncle. These
generalizations are
a. sexism.
b. stereotypes.
c. status hierarchies.
d. social networks.
Answer: b
Page: 152
Level: Basic
Topic: stereotypes
16. What do sociologists call the collection of statuses that a person holds?
a. achieved status
b. ascribed status
c. social status
d. status set
Answer: d
Page: 154
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Remember
Topic: status
Learning Objective: Describe how social interactions are shaped by people’s statuses and roles.
17. Which of the following is the best example of a status set?

a. registered nurse
b. caring for one’s child and earning a living
c. registered nurse in the United States
d. registered nurse, father, husband, amateur golfer
Answer: d
Page: 154
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Topic: status

18. How does an achieved status differ from an ascribed one?
a. An ascribed position is one that is obtained from one’s own efforts while achieved positions
are assigned to us.
b. Both are types of positions assigned to individuals at birth; the difference lies in what one
does with that position.
c. An achieved position is one that is obtained from one’s own efforts while ascribed positions
are assigned to us.
d. Both are types of positions which an individual works toward; the difference lies in what
type of position one achieves.
Answer: c
Page: 154
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Topic: status
19. An ascribed status is one that

a. someone tries to achieve but fails to do so.
b. a person achieves but they did not have to work hard at it.
c. someone achieves but then they decide they do not like it.
d. is assigned to a person despite their wishes or abilities.
Answer: d
Page: 154
Level: Moderate
Topic: status
20. What is a status category?

a. a status that individuals can hold in common
b. a status to which an individual is assigned
c. a social status that an individual achieves
d. all the social statuses that a person holds
Answer: a
Page: 154
Level: Moderate
Topic: status

21. In a status hierarchy,
a. all statuses have the same social prestige.
b. some statuses have more social prestige than others.
c. some statuses do not have roles associated with them.
d. all statuses are of low social prestige.
Answer: b
Page: 154
Level: Moderate
Topic: status
22. A president of a company holds more power and has greater access to resources than a
mailroom employee. This illustrates which concept?
a. ascribed social status
b. achieved social status
c. social status
d. status hierarchy
Answer: d
Page: 154
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Topic: status
23. How does a master status differ from other social statuses?
a. A master status is the status with the least social significance.
b. Master statuses are social statuses that men hold within a society.
c. A master status is the status with the most social significance.
d. Master status is the social status that an individual feels is the least consequential.
Answer: c
Page: 154
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Topic: status

24. How is status hierarchy linked to social inequality?
a. Statuses in a hierarchy have unequal access to resources based on the prestige of their
position.
b. A social hierarchy is a way to battle social inequality because all positions are equal.
c. A social hierarchy is the equitable distribution of resources across those in the hierarchy.
d. As our society has become more unequal, social hierarchies have diminished.
Answer: a
Page: 154
Level: Difficult
Bloom’s: Analyze
Topic: status
25. What is a social role?

a. a part that an actor plays, such as Hamlet
b. the social expectations that go along with a social status
c. when children play “pretend” and take on various personas
d. the social positions that one holds in a social system
Answer: b
Page: 154
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Remember
Topic: social roles
Topic: status
26. When the roles of the various social statuses an individual occupies clash with one another,
which of the following occurs?
a. role strain
b. role play
c. role conflict
d. role change
Answer: c
Page: 155
Level: Moderate
Topic: social roles

Topic: status
27. When the responsibilities or expectations of a single status compete with one another, which
of the following occurs?
a. role conflict
b. achieved social status
c. role play
d. role strain
Answer: d
Page: 155
Level: Moderate
Topic: social roles
Topic: status
28. Maggie has many social statuses, including mother, wife, daughter, high school principal,
and softball player. She often feels she cannot meet all of the responsibilities in her life. For
example, last week she had to miss a softball game because she needed to work late and also
missed her son’s school play. Maggie is experiencing which of the following?
a. role conflict
b. role strain
c. intersubjectivity
d. homophily
Answer: a
Page: 155
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Topic: social roles
Topic: status
29. Darren has three children. To Darren, being a good dad is being a good provider, and he
spends many overtime hours earning extra money. But when he works overtime, he feels he
isn’t spending enough time with his children. Darren is experiencing
a. role conflict.
b. role overload.
c. role strain.
d. role competition.
Answer: c

Page: 155
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Topic: social roles
Topic: status
30. In one community, doctors and teachers are considered to have the most honored jobs, then
business managers, and then those who work in politics. The more honored the job, the more
income and influence the person holding the position has. This job ranking represents a
a. social network.
b. in-group.
c. social circuit.
d. status hierarchy.
Answer: d
Page: 169
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Topic: Culture and Social Interaction
31. With which of the following statements would a sociologist DISAGREE regarding the
importance of social roles in our society?
a. Social roles guide behaviors because they are the expectations that go along with the various
social positions individuals hold.
b. Roles connect us to other individuals within a society because many of the expectations of a
social status regard how to interact with others in keeping with their social statuses.
c. Social roles are made up expectations by society regarding what individuals are supposed to
do within a given social status, and since they are made up they are not consequential.
d. Social roles are a vital part of social stability because society needs people knowing how to
fulfill their roles in order for society to function smoothly.
Answer: c
Page: 154-155
Level: Difficult
Topic: social roles
Topic: status
32. Martin has many social statuses, including being a parent, a son, a husband, and a carpenter.
When he was younger, he committed a crime and served some time in prison. Despite all of
the things he has accomplished since then, most people still react to Martin primarily as an
ex-con. What type of status does being an ex-con represent in Martin’s life?
a. social status
b. status set
c. master status

d. social role
Answer: c
Page: 154
Level: Moderate
Topic: status
33. What perspective does a sociologist take when he or she studies social interaction using the
metaphor of theater?
a. ethnomethodology
b. dramaturgy
c. symbolic interaction
d. functionalism
Answer: b
Page: 155
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: Explain dramaturgy and identify examples of impression management.
34. A sociologist is studying how police officers perform their roles, specifically examining how
officers perform their roles and present themselves to the public. What approach is the
sociologist using to study the officers?
a. scientific management
b. reference groups
c. acting
d. dramaturgy
Answer: d
Page: 155
Level: Moderate
35. What is the goal of impression management?

a. for an individual to achieve a higher social status than he or she currently holds
b. for a sociologist to understand how people interact with one another
c. for an individual to be open and honest with others regarding who he/she is
d. for an individual to control the image that others have of him or her
Answer: d
Page: 156
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Topic: impression management

36. Role distance is the idea that people

a. embrace their social role.
b. distance themselves from a role as they carry it out.
c. decide not to carry out a social role.
d. challenge a social role.
Answer: b
Page: 156
Level: Moderate
Topic: impression management
Topic: social interaction Learning Objective: Explain dramaturgy and identify examples of
impression management.
37. Which of the following would be an example of a back-stage performance?

a. a flight attendant smiling when a passenger is being rude
b. a teacher acting enthusiastic about his lesson even though he finds the topic boring
c. a politician smiling warmly during a campaign stop even though he is tired
d. a salesman telling his friend about the horrible way customers treated him that day
Answer: d
Page: 156
Level: Difficult
Bloom’s: Apply
38. A server at a restaurant accidentally took the incorrect dish to a customer. The customer
loudly berated the server over the mistake. The server apologized profusely, forced a smile,
and quickly corrected the order. After her shift, the server complained to a coworker about
how rude the customer had been and how angry she had been as a result. What represents the
worker’s front-stage performance?
a. the server smiling and apologizing
b. the server complaining to the coworker
c. the server serving the wrong dish
d. the server correcting the order
Answer: a
Page: 156
Level: Difficult
Bloom’s: Apply

39. What is a social network?

a. collections of social ties that connect people together
b. a new kind of Facebook
c. the hierarchy of social statuses
d. collections of social ties that prevent people from communicating
Answer: a
Page: 156
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Remember
Topic: social networks
Learning Objective: Describe the characteristics of social networks.
40. What type of social contact occurs between people who are similar in terms of gender, age,
race/ethnicity, and so forth?
a. heterophily
b. social network
c. social interaction
d. homophily
Answer: d
Page: 159
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Remember
41. Which of the following does NOT illustrate homophily?

a. A young man’s best friend is the same gender and age.
b. A neighborhood consists of married couples all with similar educational backgrounds.
c. Everyone at a community center is of the same religious background.
d. People of all different classes and ethnicities are interacting at a block party.
Answer: d
Page: 159
Level: Difficult
Bloom’s: Apply

42. Liza only hangs out with other people just like her in terms of her ethnicity, age, education,
religion and so forth. What is a consequence of Liza spending most of her time in such
groups?
a. She cannot understand others because they are so similar to her.
b. Her worldview is constantly being challenged.
c. She can never reach intersubjectivity with others in her group.
d. Her worldview is constantly being reaffirmed.
Answer: d
Page: 159
Level: Difficult
43. How does social support relate to the concept of social networks?
a. Social support tends to come from our social networks.
b. Social support tends to come from those outside our social networks.
c. Social support and social networks are not related to one another.
d. When our social networks break down, we search for social support.
Answer: a
Page: 158
Level: Difficult
44. Which of the following is FALSE regarding “weak” social ties, according to sociologists?
a. Weak ties link us to a larger pool of contacts and social support.
b. Weak ties can be strong in the sense that they help us connect to more resources.
c. Weak ties are less intimate social networks, such as with coworkers and casual
acquaintances.
d. Weak ties are always so tenuous that they really never add to our lives in a meaningful way.
Answer: d
Page: 158
Level: Moderate

45. Which type of social network provides emotional and other assistance to cope with stress and
troubles?
a. haven
b. bandage
c. safety net
d. social capital
Answer: b
Page: 158
Level: Basic
Bloom’s: Remember
46. A sociologist is mapping out who knows each other in her sociology class. Jill knows Paul
and Mike. Mike knows Isaiah, who knows Catherine and Juan. Juan knows Paul as well. The
sociologist is looking at the ________ present in her classroom.
a. out-groups
b. in-groups
c. social networks
d. social circuits
Answer: c
Page: 158-159
Level: Difficult
Bloom’s: Apply
47. Erik spent the afternoon with his close, longtime friends and they played video games
together. Later in the day, he went to a video game store and bought a video game from the
salesman and then left the store. What type of relationship does Erik have with the video
game salesman?
a. primary
b. secondary
c. social network
d. in-group
Answer: b
Page: 160
Level: Moderate

Topic: groups
Learning Objective: Differentiate between primary, secondary, and reference groups and
describe the ways in which group size affects group interactions.
48. Sociologists refer to a collection of people who interact with one another regularly and who
are aware of their status as a
a. social network.
b. social status.
c. social group.
d. social hierarchy.
Answer: c
Page: 159
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Remember
Topic: groups
49. According to sociologists, which of the following would be a social group?

a. a crowd at a ballgame
b. men who are balding
c. a volleyball team
d. all college freshman in the United States
Answer: c
Page: 159
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Topic: groups
50. What distinguishes a social group from a crowd?

a. Both are basically the same thing—people coming together for a particular long-term
purpose.
b. Social groups share a sense of being a collective entity, whereas a crowd is people who are at
the same place at the same time.
c. A crowd often shares common norms, values, and interests, whereas a social group does not
share any sense of being part of a collective entity.
d. A crowd happens outside, whereas a social group is a group that occurs indoors.
Answer: b
Page: 159
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Topic: groups

51. Which type of social grouping is made up of people who have regular contact, significant
emotional attachment to one another, and enduring relationships?
a. tertiary
b. primary
c. secondary
d. None of these answers is correct.
Answer: b
Page: 160
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Topic: groups
52. Which type of social grouping is made up of people who come together to accomplish a
specific task and interact with one another in a relatively impersonal way?
a. tertiary
b. primary
c. secondary
d. None of these answers is correct.
Answer: c
Page: 160
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Topic: groups
53. What distinguishes a primary group from a secondary group?

a. the size of the group
b. which group you knew first
c. the level of emotional attachment
d. the gender of the group members
Answer: c
Page: 160
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Topic: groups

54. Which of the following would be a secondary relationship?
a. a family going on vacation
b. store clerks helping a customer choose a smart phone
c. a friend helping another friend move
d. a group of college friends having dinner
Answer: b
Page: 160
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Topic: groups
55. How do we relate to a reference group?

a. It is a group we know little about.
b. It is a group we ask to write us references for a job.
c. It is the group we choose to judge ourselves against.
d. It is the group we used to be a member of.
Answer: c
Page: 160
Level: Difficult
Topic: groups
56. How does a reference group influence us?

a. It doesn’t; it is just a group of people we know.
b. We behave in ways in keeping with how we think reference group members will think of us.
c. We do the exact opposite of what a reference group member would do.
d. We join the group and try to influence them to act like us.
Answer: b
Page: 160
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Topic: groups

57. What changes when a dyad relationship become a triad?
a. The number of possible interactions increases.
b. The relationship immediately dissolves.
c. The relationship becomes more intense emotionally.
d. The relationship becomes less interesting because more people are involved.
Answer: a
Page: 160
Level: Moderate
Topic: groups
58. Maria just entered high school. She hopes one day to join the volleyball team and looks to the
young women on the team as role models. She dresses like them, follows the same fitness
routines, and reads the same volleyball magazines. To Maria, the volleyball team is a
a. secondary group.
b. out-group.
c. reference group.
d. master status.
Answer: c
Page: 160
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Topic: groups
59. Which of the following is characteristic of networks?

a. local ties
b. social control over the individual
c. contact between individuals
d. tight boundaries
Answer: c
Page: 161
Level: Moderate
Topic: groups
Topic: networks
Topic: technology

60. What is the best way to describe the organization of contemporary society?
a. clan groups
b. networked individualism
c. bureaucratic collectivism
d. triad membership
Answer: b
Page: 161
Level: Moderate
Topic: groups
Topic: networks
Topic: technology
61. Secondary groups that have a more formal structure and are formed to accomplish a specific
task (like a business) are known as
a. social networks.
b. organizations.
c. categories.
d. societies.
Answer: b
Page: 162
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Remember
Topic: groups
Topic: organizational structures
Learning Objective: Define bureaucracy and describe its role within organizational structures.
62. Why do organizations, as they grow larger, tend to become more formalized?
a. Since organizations are so impersonal they have to become more formalized.
b. The person in power wants a greater degree of formality.
c. By law, as it grows larger, an organization has to have more formal rules and policies.
d. Organizations become more complex and former informal structures become inadequate.
Answer: d
Page: 162
Level: Difficult
63. What is a bureaucracy?

a. a secondary group of people interested in business

b. a highly diffuse and informal organization
c. a hierarchical administrative system with formal rules and procedures
d. a governmental agency with many responsibilities
Answer: c
Page: 163
Level: Basic
Bloom’s: Remember
Topic: bureaucracies
64. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a bureaucracy, according to Max Weber?
a. written rules and records
b. reliance on technology
c. impersonality
d. hierarchical structure
Answer: b
Page: 163
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Remember
65. What does impersonality mean in terms of a bureaucracy?

a. People who work at bureaucracies are mean.
b. Bureaucracies rely greatly on robots and technology.
c. People move in out of positions, but the structure remains.
d. When a position is vacated it takes a long time to be filled.
Answer: c
Page: 163
Level: Moderate
66. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a bureaucratic organization?

a. The division of labor becomes so complex it is inefficient.
b. Written rules do not always cover new situations efficiently.
c. Impersonality can make it seem like no one is responsible.

d. It tends to be so informal that there are no written procedures.
Answer: d
Page: 163
Level: Difficult
67. Which of the following accurately describes culture and organizations?

a. Organizations have unique cultures that influence how their members operate.
b. Culture exists only outside of an organization, not within it.
c. Organizations always rely on cues from pop culture in creating an environment.
d. Organizational culture really only shows itself at social events like company picnics.
Answer: a
Page: 164
Level: Difficult
Topic: organizational management
68. The factors that exist outside an organization that affect an organization’s functioning
constitute
a. an organizational culture.
b. society.
c. social structure.
d. an organizational environment.
Answer: d
Page: 165
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Remember
69. Which of the following would be part of an organizational environment?

a. the gender of the organization’s president
b. the traditions and history of the organization

c. the sales figures for the organization’s last quarter
d. the state of the economy and political arena
Answer: d
Page: 165
Level: Moderate
70. What type of group does a person identify with and have positive feelings toward?
a. out-group
b. in-group
c. social group
d. a dyad
Answer: b
Page: 166
Level: Basic
Bloom’s: Remember
Topic: groups
Topic: power
Learning Objective: Describe the power dynamics within groups and organizations, including the
roles of conformity, obedience, and groupthink.
71. A group that a person has negative feelings toward and considers its members to be below
him or her is what type of group?
a. out-group
b. in-group
c. social group
d. a dyad
Answer: a
Page: 166
Level: Basic
Bloom’s: Remember
Topic: groups
Topic: power

72. How are in-groups and out-groups different?
a. Individuals feel they are members of out-groups, but not in-groups.
b. Individuals feel a connection to an in-group, but see out-groups as inferior.
c. Individuals believe that an out-group is superior and an in-group is inferior to them.
d. Individuals shy away from out-groups because they are more outgoing than in-groups.
Answer: b
Page: 166
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Topic: groups
Topic: power Learning Objective: Describe the power dynamics within groups and
organizations, including the roles of conformity, obedience, and groupthink.
73. Which of the following illustrates the dynamics of an out-group?

a. An individual does not feel a connection to the out-group and tries to distance him/herself
from its members.
b. An individual feels a strong connection to the out-group and sees them as role models.
c. An individual is part of an out-group but he/she really wants to be part of the in-group.
d. An individual is not part of the out-group but sees its members in a positive light.
Answer: a
Page: 166
Level: Difficult
Bloom’s: Apply
Topic: groups
Topic: power Learning Objective: Describe the power dynamics within groups and
organizations, including the roles of conformity, obedience, and groupthink.
74. What was Solomon Asch trying to uncover in his experiments?

a. where racist stereotypes come from
b. how people fight the urge to be obedient
c. how organizations develop structures
d. how groups promote conformity
Answer: d
Page: 166
Level: Moderate
Topic: groups
Topic: power

75. Solomon Asch’s experiments concluded that
a. people will always stand up for what is right.
b. people are hard to influence in terms of their behavior.
c. the actions of others within a group promote conformist behavior.
d. group-mindset leads to violent and activist behavior.
Answer: c
Page: 166-167
Level: Moderate
Topic: groups
Topic: power
76. Stanley Milgram found in his experiment that people

a. shy away from conflict in most social situations.
b. will stand up to authority figures when they are wrong.
c. are socialized into obeying authority figures.
d. stand up when they know something is unjust.
Answer: c
Page: 167
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Remember
Topic: groups
Topic: power
77. How are Stanley Milgram’s and Solomon Asch’s experiments similar in their findings?
a. They both found that people do not like conforming to others.
b. They both found that people are prone to conforming behavior.
c. The both found that people are prone to activism.
d. They both found that people are susceptible to family influences.
Answer: b
Page: 166-168
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Topic: groups
Topic: power

78. Groupthink is when

a. individuals reinforce the consensus of a group without being critical.
b. individuals collectively and critically come up with a plan.
c. a group has a measured debate about the best course of action.
d. individuals battle back against the prevailing group conclusion.
Answer: a
Page: 168
Level: Moderate
Topic: groups
Topic: power
79. Uncritical thinking of social groups where consensus is reinforced rather than critical
discussion is referred to as
a. in-group.
b. out-group.
c. role conflict.
d. groupthink.
Answer: d
Page: 168
Level: Basic
Bloom’s: Remember
Topic: groups
Topic: power
80. What is an oligarchy?

a. government rule where all citizens share power
b. government controlled by a powerful few
c. government controlled by a royal family
d. government controlled by a large congress
Answer: b
Page: 169
Level: Basic
Bloom’s: Remember
Topic: power

81. According to the iron law of oligarchy, when power is consolidated in a few top positions in
an organization,
a. powerholders will be overthrown by less powerful groups.
b. power will become redistributed to the masses.
c. the select powerholders will misuse their power.
d. powerholders will decide to close down the organization.
Answer: c
Page: 169
Level: Moderate
Topic: power
82. Scientific management is when jobs are

a. deskilled in an effort to improve workplace efficiency.
b. translated into management jobs.
c. up-skilled to keep pace with changing technology.
d. kept at the same level to ensure constant productivity.
Answer: a
Page: 169
Level: Moderate
Topic: power
83. The goal of scientific management is to

a. make sure that technology informs the end product of a business.
b. make sure that factories employ the most technical programs.
c. increase efficiency by taking discretion away from the worker.
d. allow workers to have workplace control to improve productivity.
Answer: c
Page: 169-170
Level: Moderate
Topic: power

84. The board of directors for a large corporation always agrees with the chairman’s ideas
without any serious discussion, no matter how flawed those ideas seem to be. Which of the
following explains the behavior of the board?
a. yes-men syndrome
b. iron law of oligarchy
c. groupthink
d. the Hawthorne effect
Answer: c
Page: 168
Level: Moderate
Topic: power
Topic: groups
85. At a community meeting, everyone in attendance agreed on the proposal offered by the head
of the committee. No one was willing to listen to different ideas, criticisms, or alternate
plans. This decision-making dynamic represents
a. intersubjectivity.
b. groupthink.
c. achieved status.
d. homophily.
Answer: b
Page: 168
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Topic: power
Topic: groups
86. Neither Briana’s employer nor her parents found the off-color joke that she and her friends
bantered about on her Facebook page funny. This is an example of
a. the iron law of oligarchy.
b. context collapse.
c. “back-stage” privacy.
d. impression management.
Answer: b
Page: 170
Level: Moderate
Topic: Social Structure and Privacy
Learning Objective: Describe the effects of social media on privacy norms.

87. Which of the following best characterizes the “new” norm around privacy?
a. Most people will share anything with their online network of friends.
b. People are now willing to share their front-stage life with others.
c. People are less concerned with online privacy issues.
d. People as less likely to rigidly separate personal and public personas.
Answer: d
Page: 171
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Topic: technology
Learning Objective: Describe the effects of social media on privacy norms.
True/False Questions
88. If two people know the same language, there will never be misunderstandings and
miscommunication.
Answer: False
Page: 149
Level: Moderate
89. Sociologists believe that successful interaction requires each participant to take the
perspective of the other to achieve some common understanding.
Answer: True
Page: 149
Level: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
90. The Thomas theorem implies that since our social worlds are socially constructed there are
no harmful consequences.
Answer: False
Page: 151
Level: Moderate

91. Stereotypes are only negative statements and generalizations about a group. Positive
attributes are never part of a stereotype.
Answer: False
Page: 152
Level: Moderate
Topic: stereotypes
92. Saying that a particular ethnic group is “hardworking” is not a stereotype because it is a
compliment.
Answer: False
Page: 152
Level: Moderate
Topic: stereotypes
93. All statuses are equally important for the individual and within the larger society.
Answer: False
Page: 154
Level: Moderate
Topic: status
94. Homophily tends to reinforce our worldview because we interact with people who are like
us.
Answer: True
Page: 159
Level: Moderate
95. Secondary groups are characterized by impersonal interactions, whereas primary groups are
characterized by enduring relationships and emotional attachment.
Answer: True
Page: 160
Level: Moderate
Topic: groups

96. Dyads are the least intimate type of exchange because only two people are involved.
Answer: False
Page: 160
Level: Moderate
Topic: groups
97. One example of a dyad is a married couple who are also business partners.
Answer: True
Page: 160
Level: Basic
Bloom’s: Analyze
Topic: groups
98. When organizations (such as two companies) merge, there are never problems with blending
their cultures; it happens naturally.
Answer: False
Page: 164
Level: Moderate
99. Power at the top of a bureaucracy can never be challenged by those in lower positions.
Answer: False
Page: 169
Level: Moderate
Topic: power

100. Groupthink is when a decision is arrived at after all alternatives and potential criticisms are
considered.
Answer: False
Page: 168
Level: Moderate
Topic: power
Topic: groups
101. Stanley Milgram found people will stand up when they feel that they are pressured into
doing something ethically questionable.
Answer: False
Page: 167-168
Level: Basic
Bloom’s: Remember
Topic: groups
Topic: power
102. It is simply human nature to want to conform; therefore, all cultures are similar in the level
of conformity demonstrated by their members.
Answer: False
Page: 167
Level: Moderate
Topic: power


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Croteau & Hoynes, Experience Sociology 3e

2. Symbolic interactionists would be most interested in studying which aspect of education?

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

3. According to sociologists, which of the following allows people to communicate?

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

6. Albert is in his first year as a sociology graduate student. He wants to be a symbolic

7. What do sociologists mean by “social construction”?

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10. According to sociologists, what are the societal consequences of stereotypes?

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

17. Which of the following is the best example of a status set?

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

19. An ascribed status is one that

20. What is a status category?

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Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

25. What is a social role?

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

35. What is the goal of impression management?

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36. Role distance is the idea that people

37. Which of the following would be an example of a back-stage performance?

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

39. What is a social network?

41. Which of the following does NOT illustrate homophily?

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

49. According to sociologists, which of the following would be a social group?

50. What distinguishes a social group from a crowd?

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53. What distinguishes a primary group from a secondary group?

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55. How do we relate to a reference group?

56. How does a reference group influence us?

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59. Which of the following is characteristic of networks?

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63. What is a bureaucracy?

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65. What does impersonality mean in terms of a bureaucracy?

66. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a bureaucratic organization?

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

67. Which of the following accurately describes culture and organizations?

69. Which of the following would be part of an organizational environment?

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Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

73. Which of the following illustrates the dynamics of an out-group?

74. What was Solomon Asch trying to uncover in his experiments?

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

76. Stanley Milgram found in his experiment that people

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

78. Groupthink is when

80. What is an oligarchy?

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.

82. Scientific management is when jobs are

83. The goal of scientific management is to

Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved.