TRAVEL

LISTENING task 1

1. Put these actions in order. Use them to tell about your recent 3. Complete the sentences with your own ideas.
trip. 1. Not everyone travels for the sake of learning. Some
Visit cultural sights people just want to __________.
Get back 2. Travelling can be rather expensive, especially if /
Catch a plane when you __________.
Book a hotel 3. Travel widens your horizons. It allows you to ____.
Check in 4. The best thing about travelling is communicating with
Lose your luggage people. It provides an opportunity to __________.
Start packing 5. Travel can change your attitude to life. You learn to
Check out __________.
Share impressions 6. Travelling is the best teacher. It teaches you to
Try the local cuisine __________.
7. Staycation is the best holiday choice because it
2. Match each statement (1-7) with two other statements A-N: __________.
1. Not everyone travels for the sake of learning. 4. Now add these ideas to the sentences above. Some ideas can
2. Travelling can be rather expensive. be used more than once:
3. Travelling widens your horizons.
4. The best thing about travelling is communicating stay in a five-star hotel unwind and relax
with people. learn from others practise the language
5. Travel can change your attitude to life. involves less stress visit exotic or remote places
6. Travelling is the best teacher. gain new experience is more eco-friendly
7. There is no place like home. travel as a family saves time and money
see things in a different way make new friends
A) When you travel, you gain new experience. appreciate your own life have new impressions
B) What I love best of all about travelling is that it gives a understand more about people and places
chance to hang out with new people.
C) Some travellers are not motivated by acquiring new
knowledge. 5. Listen and match each statement with a speaker:
D) East or West, home is best.
E) Travelling can change the way you think and feel. 1. Not everyone travels for the sake of learning.
F) Discovering something new during the trips doesn't 2. Travelling can be rather expensive.
appeal to everyone. 3. Travelling widens your horizons.
G) Sometimes travelling is quite pricey. 4. The best thing about travelling is communicating
H) When it comes to learning something new, nothing with people.
could compare to travel. 5. Travel can change your attitude to life.
I) Travel increases the range of things you know about. 6. Travelling is the best teacher.
J) Staycation is the best choice. 7. There is no place like home.
K) A trip can cost a fortune.
L) Interacting with others is the major benefit travelling A B C D E F
brings.
M) Travellers can take a new approach to life.
N) Travelling makes you knowledgeable and gives the
most valuable lessons.

1
t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english
6. Complete the texts with the correct form of the verbs. Listen
and check:
talk see learn (x3) experience try
broaden make lie complain not feel
appreciate take
Speaker A
I (1) _________ from first-hand experience what winter is
like, I‘ve seen places I‘ve heard of or learnt about at
school, places I‘ve read about in books or seen in the
movies. Now I know what it‘s like to travel by air, sea and
rail and, of course, by road. I can say I‘ve interacted with
people in Europe, Asia, North America, South America
and in the Middle East. I (2) _______ their cuisine and I
have seen all the wonders of the world. And I would say
that travelling helped me gain new experience and lots of
knowledge about the world we live in.
Speaker B
Lots of people believe that travel (3) ________ the mind.
In fact, it can sometimes confirm people in their own
prejudices. A friend of mine went to Cyprus and when he
came back, he (4) ______ bitterly that he could not find
English food and everything was so foreign! If one travels
with that kind of attitude, small wonder one never learns
anything about other places and people. Today many
people travel not in order to learn or broaden their mind,
but to ‗have a good time‘ and usually on their terms. I think
travel can broaden the mind; but only when there‘s room
in it to expand.
Speaker C
I‘ve just got back from a trip to Japan and what I learned
by just being there is more than I ever (5) _______ on the
Internet. There are so many opinions and I found that
whatever people had to say about Japan was radically
different from my own experience there. (6) _______ to
some locals, I learned more than school or Internet could
teach me. Travel lets you see other people‘s lives,
cultures, customs and traditions from different parts of the
world. Travel educates you and (7) ________ you
knowledgeable. I think that people who never leave their
countries are narrow-minded and ignorant.
Speaker D
I (8) ______ the need to travel anywhere as much as I did
when I lived in Europe. Canada has a lot of the things I‘m
t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english
looking for: beautiful scenery, quiet places, no beaches
full of people with horrible accents demanding fish and
chips, nice weather in the summer. I don‘t like hot places,
so there isn‘t really anything I‘m missing. I love my house
and I don‘t like leaving. Seriously, I love (9) _____ on the
sofa. My life‘s pretty full these days, so when I have the
chance to do nothing but lie around with the hounds, I‘m
as happy as a clam.
Speaker E
I feel sad for those people who have never travelled
outside of their own hometown. There‘s a whole world of
different cultures to meet out there, ninety-nine per cent of
which you can‘t have by just sitting in the living room in
front of the TV. When you travel to other countries, you
can see, feel and touch other ways of living. Some places
will shock you, others will please you, but you will never
be untouched by (10) _______other cultures. You will
then (11) _________ your own life and (12) ______ things
in a different way. You learn and start thinking and
perhaps it will change you forever.
Speaker F
I‘ve been lucky enough to work all around the world and I
have to say it has enlightened me in so many ways. The
thing for me is that you have to meet people. Why travel if
you‘re just going to hang out with the same people? For
me, (13) ___________ how other people think, what they
do, what‘s important for them and how they live is the
‗mind-expanding‘ side of travel that I enjoy. It‘s useful
because it puts into question all of the habits and beliefs
that you (14) ______ for granted, and shows us that all life
styles and points of view are equally valid.
7. Rank the advantages of travelling from 1 (the most important)
to 8 (the least important). Then work in groups. Compare and
explain your choices:
- try local cuisine
- broaden your mind
- practise the language
- get new impressions
- make new friends
- relieve stress
- gain new experience and knowledge
- unwind and relax
2
ANSWER KEYS
LISTENING task 1 26travel at your
own pace
2. travelling by 4the most 15is rather
1) СF 2) GK 3) AI 4) BL 5) EM 6) HN 7) DJ plane convenient expensive
option when 24has a negative
4.Possible answers travelling long impact on the
1) have new impressions / unwind and relax distances environment
2) travel as a family / stay in a five-star hotel / visit 23the quickest 25delays due to
exotic or remote places way to get to weather
3) understand more about people and places / gain your destination conditions
new experience travelling as a 3strengthen 1stressful
4) practise the language / make new friends / learn family family bonds 2hard to
from others / understand other people‘s customs 5have quality organise
5) see things in a different way /appreciate your own time together 14difficult to
life balance
6) see things in a different way / appreciate your own interests
life / understand more about people and places travelling solo 6gain confidence 7have no one to
7) saves time and money / is more eco-friendly / 16make your share your new
involves less stress
own decisions experiences with
17enjoy freedom
5.
going on a 11relieve stress 13sufferfrom
A3, B1, C6, D7, E5, F4
cruise 12a perfect way seasickness
to unwind 20high price
6. 19see several
1) have learnt 8) don‘t feel
places during
2) have tried 9) lying
one trip
3) broadens 10) experiencing
Camping 10enjoy peace 8low comfort
4) complained 11) appreciate
and quiet level
5) have learnt 12) see 11relieve stress 22expensive
6) talking 13) learning 12a perfect way equipment
7) makes 14) take
to unwind
21enjoy the
SPEAKING task 4
simplicity and
1.
beauty of nature
Advantages Disadvantages 29breathe fresh
travelling by car 9offers more 1stressful
air
flexibility and 27can be

freedom uncomfortable
17enjoy freedom and exhausting
18more privacy 28car accidents

3
t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english
 EDUCATION

LISTENING task 2

4. Are the sentences true (1), false (2) or not stated (3)? Listen
again and check.

A. Mike's administrative work was very well paid.

B. Mary did not do well at University because she had
to earn her living.
1. Discuss with your partner: C. Mary was younger than an average student when
she entered university.
What university are you going to apply to? Why have D. Mary thinks that regular classes are rather time-
you chosen this university? consuming.
Would you like to get a degree online? Why or why not? E. Mary thinks that she can't study better than when
she was younger.
2. You will hear a conversation about higher education.
Decide why the speakers might say this:
F. Distance learning seems to be very convenient for
Mary.
Now I'm very happy. G. Mike does not feel disappointed about going to
I had got very tired and fed up. University.
I‘ve been basically wasting my time.
I‘m now enjoying it. A B C D E F G

3. Listen to the conversation and check your ideas.

5. Listen one more time and complete the table. Take notes to prove your point. The first task is done for you:

WHO… Mary Mike Both

+ (I'll be graduating
is an undergraduate in April)

hopes to start a career as a high school teacher

got a job straight after leaving school

showed poor academic results while at university

finds it convenient that online students can plan study
time around the rest of their day
approves of the other person‘s choice

6. Look through the script and add words from the text to complete the word webs:

an exam studies

deadlines university

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 4

 Mike: I'm 39 now and I resumed my studies when my son
started Grade One. Now I'm very happy that I made up
my mind to do this. I'll be graduating in April and hopefully
start teaching high school English in September.
Mary: What had you been doing before you went to
university?
Mike: I had been doing administrative work for 13 years,
straight out of high school. I had got very tired and fed up
with the low pay and the monotonous nature of the work.
So I started university.
Mary: That's a right decision, indeed. As for me, I went to
university at more or less the normal age. I was actually
21 at the time. But I did so miserably that the university
suggested that I not return. Since then I've been basically
wasting my time.
Mike: And what are your plans?
Mary: You see, one day I was fiddling around on the web
and found some information about distance learning. It's
fabulous if you can't take the time out to go to people-
ridden classes, because you can work it around your own
schedule.
Mike: Yes, I think the fact that you can do the work in your
own space and your own time is really helping.
Mary: Of course, I will have deadlines to meet, but they're
not the same as the in-class sort. Handing things in
doesn' t depend on anyone else's office hours or class
times, which is really handy. I will only have to contact my
tutors when I want to or need to, or when I'm required to
do an oral quiz or exam.
Mike: I think it's a very good idea. Going to university was
the best thing I have ever done. I found it was more fun
than I expected, and the benefits outweighed the
disadvantages. I learned so much about myself, and I'm
very proud of my accomplishments!
Mary: And I expect my ability to study to be much better
than it used to be and things come much more easily.
While I still see doing some of the work as a chore, at
least this time around I'm actually enjoying it.
7. Now add the words from the box to the word webs in task 6 to
make more collocations:
fall behind with graduate from concentrate on
fail enter miss take have
t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english
8. Now use some of the collocations in the word webs to
complete the text:
My parents wanted me to (1) ___________ at 18, but I
was pursuing a career in performing arts so I went straight
into a show instead. As time went on, I decided I wanted
to get a degree in modern languages so I (2)
____________. I didn't want to quit my job, so I had to
juggle work and studies. It was no fun at all. I worked at
night and couldn't (3) ____________ during the day. I put
off studying all the time and then struggled to (4)
____________. I hoped I would find the right balance
between working and studying, but it wasn't getting any
better. Without a doubt, I overestimated myself. I was (5)
________________ and couldn't do anything about it.
After I (6) ______ all the _______ I had to take, I decided
to quit university. And guess what? Last year I found an
online course that suited me and (7) ____________. The
major benefit e-learning brings is flexibility. I can fit my
studies to my life, rather than fitting my life around my
studies. I work full-time, study at my own pace and have
time to unwind and relax.
9. Rearrange the words to make solutions to the problems. Add
commas and full stops where necessary. Then match the
solutions and the problems:
1) one can study remotely / to combine working and
studying for a degree / learning at one‘s own pace /
instead of attending in-person classes / will make it easier
2) to afford tuition, rent and other expenses / and work
part-time / a young person can take a loan
3) one should remove all the distractions while studying /
to unwind and relax / it is important to learn time
management skills / plan their work carefully / and use
special techniques to fight procrastination / and take
breaks
Problems that can arise with higher education
Getting a degree is expensive.
Not every family can afford to
pay for their children‘s higher
education.
Many students have to work to
afford tuition, rent and other
expenses. It is very difficult to
juggle work and studies.
Some students lack self-
discipline to work on their own.
They put off studying, miss
deadlines, fall behind with their
studies, fail exams and, as a
result, have to withdraw from the
course.
5
 ANSWER KEYS
meet
miss deadlines
LISTENING task 2
have
4.

A B C D E F G
2 3 2 3 2 1 1 resume
concentrate on studies
fall behind with
5.
Who is an undergraduate student?
Mike (I'll be graduating in April)

Who hopes to start a career as a high school teacher? go to

Mike (hopefully start teaching high school English in start university
September) graduate from
enter
Who got a job straight after leaving school?
Mike (I had been doing administrative work for 13 years,
8.
straight out of high school)
1) go to university/ start university / enter university 2)
Who showed poor academic results while at university? entered /started / went to university 3) concentrate on
Mary (I did so miserably that the university suggested that my studies 4) meet deadlines 5) was falling behind
I not return) with my studies 6) failed exams 7) resumed my
studies

Who finds it convenient that online students can plan 9.

study time around the rest of their day? Getting a degree is A young person can take a
BOTH - Mary (It's fabulous if you can't take the time out expensive. Not every loan and work part-time to
to go to people-ridden classes, because you can work it family can afford to pay afford tuition, rent and other
around your own schedule) Mike (Yes, I think the fact for their children‘s higher expenses.
that you can do the work in your own space and your own education.
time is really helping) Many students have to Instead of attending in-person
work to afford tuition, rentclasses, one can study
and other expenses. It is remotely. Learning at one’s
Who approves of the other person‘s choice? very difficult to juggle own pace will make it easier
BOTH - Mike (I think it’s a good idea) Mary (That’s a work and studies. to combine working and
right decision indeed) studying for a degree.
Some students lack self- It is important to learn time
discipline to work on their management skills and use
own. They put off special techniques to fight
studying, miss deadlines, procrastination. One should
6-7 fall behind with their remove all the distractions
studies, fail exams and, while studying, plan their
do as a result, have to work carefully and take
fail an exam
withdraw from the course. breaks to unwind and relax.
take

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 6

 MONEY, SHOPPING, FASHION

WRITING task 38

1. Rearrange the words and groups of words to make opening

sentences for the introduction. Then match the sentences 2. Imagine that you are doing a project on what typical
you’ve made with the sentences which give the name of the changes in appearance teenagers in Zetland
project.
undergo to look attractive. You have found some data
Opening sentences Sentences which give the on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the
name of the project pie chart below).
attach / most / great / to / The project I am currently
Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your personal
fashion / teenagers/ working on is aimed at
opinion on the subject of the project.
importance / following exploring where people
living in Zetland prefer to Trying a new hairstyle
buy food. 21%

the way / worry / try / they The project I am now Changing the hair
look / it is natural /to / working on is aimed at colour
about / for teenagers / finding out what children in Putting on make-up
19%

body image / and / to Zetland spend their pocket 50%

Getting tattoos
change money on. 5%
of / great number / to go / The aim of my project is to
today‘s / choose from/ analyse what products Getting a piercing
5%
people / can / a / places / people living in Zetland buy
grocery shopping online most often.
Use the following plan:
their money / might / who I am doing a project to find
– make an opening statement on the subject of the
/ get / children/ a number out more about what typical
project;
of / an allowance / want / changes in appearance
– select and report 2–3 facts;
to spend / in / ways teenagers in Zetland
– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your
undergo to look attractive.
comments;
taste / shops / goods/ and I am working on a project
– outline a problem that can arise with changing one‘s
/ online / offer / every / a to find out why adolescents
appearance to look attractive and suggest a way of
variety of/ budget / for in Zetland keep up with the
solving it;
latest trends.
– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the
a) Insert the missing words to complete the second role of appearance in our life.
paragraph:
As is clear from the data, ________ is the most popular
way for _________ to change their appearance, with Putting on Hair Getting a Getting a
______% of the respondents citing this option. Other make-up colouring piercing tattoo
typical changes the teenagers ___________ are
_________ (___%) and ____________ (____%).
b) Put these phrases into the table:
1a fast way to change one's appearance and try out a
new look / 2allergic reactions / 3noticeable change
(makes one feel like a new person) / 4unsafe (a risk of
infection) / 5permanent (might choose the wrong
design) / 6expensive / 7limit your career opportunities /
8painful / 9takes time to heal / 10can damage one‘s hair

/ 11invasive procedure / 12relatively safe / 13choose the

wrong colour / 14takes time

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 7

 с) Look at how some of these ideas can be used to write a
comment in paragraph 3:
According to the data, trying a new hairstyle to look
attractive is roughly 4 times as common as getting a
piercing (21% and 5% respectively). This is not
surprising because getting a new hairstyle is safe,
whereas having a piercing is an invasive procedure
bearing a risk of infection.
The data reveal that putting on make-up (50%) is
considerably more common among the teenagers than
changing the hair colour (19%). This comes as no
surprise because wearing make-up is a relatively safe
way to change one‘s appearance and try out a new
look. Hair colouring, by contrast, is unsafe because it
can damage one‘s hair.
According to the pie chart, getting a new hairstyle and
dyeing one's hair are much more common among the
respondents than some invasive procedures, such as
getting a tattoo (5%) or a piercing (another 5%). This
comes as no surprise because, unlike tattoos and
piercing, experiments with one's hair are painless and
safe.
d) Now make comparisons and write comments for them. Use
the ideas from the table above. You might want to compare:
 50% (putting on make-up) and 5% (getting a
tattoo)
 5% (getting a piercing) and 5% (getting a tattoo)
 19% (dyeing one‘s hair) and 5% (getting a
piercing)
t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english
3. Imagine that you are doing a project on where
people living in Zetland prefer to buy groceries. You
have found some data on the subject – the results of
the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).
Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your personal
opinion on the subject of the project.
Corner shop
Supermarket 26%
48%
Online
14%
Farmers‘ market
10%
Vegan store
2%
Use the following plan:
– make an opening statement on the subject of the
project;
– select and report 2–3 facts;
– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your
comments;
– outline a problem that can arise with buying locally
grown food and suggest a way of solving it;
– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the
importance of buying local produce.
a) Insert the missing words to complete the second
paragraph:
As is clear from the data, ______________ are the
most popular place to buy food, with ____% of the
respondents citing this option. The second _________
place to ________ is ________, at ____%. Apparently,
purchasing food in _____ is not common, at a mere
____%.
b) Make a few comparisons and comment on them. Compare
 48% (supermarkets) and 14% (online shops).
Think why buying groceries at supermarkets is more
appealing than ordering food online.
 26% (corner shops) and 10% (farmers‘ markets).
Think why people prefer corner shops to farmers‘
markets.
 48% (supermarkets) and 2% (vegan stores). Think
why vegan shops are so unpopular in comparison to
supermarkets.
8
 4. Imagine that you are doing a project on what
teenagers in Zetland spend their pocket money on.
You have found some data on the subject – the results
of the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).
Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your
personal opinion on the subject of the project.
Food
39%
Books
3%
Game apps
10% Accessories
22%
Use the following plan:
– make an opening statement on the subject of the
project;
– select and report 2–3 facts;
– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your
comments;
– outline a problem that can arise with spending pocket
money and suggest a way of solving it;
– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the
role of pocket money in teenagers‘ lives.
b) Make a few more comparisons and comment on them.
Compare
 39% (food) and 3% (books). Think why teenagers
prefer to spend their money on food rather than on
books.
 48% (clothes and accessories combined) and 10%
(game apps). Think why teenagers spend money on
clothes more eagerly than on app-based games.
5. Each of the sentences below contains an informal word.
Replace the informal words with their neutral equivalents:
Clothes
26% 1) Loads of our clothes are recycled, but this puts
pressure on the environment too.
2) Teenagers plan their shopping and do not just pop
into shops and buy on impulse.
3) Getting pocket money allows kids to learn from
experience at an early age.
4) Parents can give their children a weekly or a
monthly allowance - any regular time period is OK.
5) Some teenagers follow fashion trends just to show
off.
6) For many teenagers the shopping mall is a place
to hang out.
7) Many people feel the pressure to buy trendy
clothes.
8) Most teenagers cannot afford to buy pricey things
with their pocket money.
9) Online shops offer such a wide choice that it is
difficult to pick the right thing.

a) Insert the missing words to complete the second and third

paragraphs:

It is clear from _______ that the teenagers who _____

in the survey most often
_______________________________, with ___% of
respondents citing this option. Other typical things
_____________ include __________ (___%) and
________ (___%).

The data clearly demonstrate that __________ are

more eager to __________ than on ________(___%
and ___% respectively). This comes as no surprise
because
____________________________________________.

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 9

 ANSWER KEYS
11invasive procedure 11invasive procedure
WRITING 38 9takes time to heal 9takes time to heal
1. 8painful 8painful

Most teenagers attach great importance to following 7limit your career 7limit your career

fashion. I am working on a project to find out why opportunities opportunities

4unsafe (a risk of 2allergic reactions
adolescents in Zetland keep up with the latest trends.
infection) 6expensive
5permanent (might
It is natural for teenagers to worry about body image and
try to change the way they look. I am doing a project to choose the wrong
design)
find out more about what typical changes in appearance 4unsafe (a risk of
teenagers in Zetland undergo to look attractive. infection)
Today‘s people can choose from a great number of places
to go grocery shopping. The project I am currently working 3.
on aims to explore where people living in Zetland prefer to
buy food. a) As is clear from the data, supermarkets are the most
popular place to buy food, with 48% of the respondents
Children who get an allowance might want to spend their citing this option. The second favoured place to do
money in a number of ways. The project I am now working grocery shopping is corner shops, at 26%. Apparently,
on is aimed at finding out what children in Zetland spend purchasing food in vegan stores is not common, at a mere
their pocket money on. 2%.

Online shops offer a variety of goods for every taste and 4.

budget. The aim of my project is to analyse what products
people living in Zetland buy online most often.
2.
a) As is clear from the data, putting on make-up is the
most popular way for the respondents to change their
appearance, with 50% of the teenagers citing this option.
Other typical changes the teenagers undergo to look
attractive are trying a new hairstyle (21%) and changing
the hair colour (19%).
b)
a) It is clear from the data that the teenagers who took
part in the survey most often spend their pocket money on
food, with 39% of the respondents citing this option. Other
typical things the respondents buy include clothing (26%)
and accessories (22%).
b) The data clearly demonstrate that the respondents are
more eager to spend their pocket money on app-based
games than on books (10% and 3% respectively). This
comes as no surprise because modern teenagers prefer
gaming to reading.

Possible answers
Putting on make-up
1a fast and easy way
to change one's
appearance and try
out a new look
2allergic reactions
12relatively safe
Getting a piercing
5.
Hair colouring
2allergic reactions
1) Loads Many of our clothes are recycled, but this
3noticeable change
puts pressure on the environment too.
(makes one feel like a 2) Teenagers plan their shopping and do not just
new person) pop into shops go to/visit shops and buy on
10can damage one's hair
impulse.
6expensive
3) Getting pocket money allows kids children to
14takes time
learn from experience at an early age.
13choose the wrong
4) Parents can give their children a weekly or a
colour monthly allowance - any regular time period is OK
appropriate (good).
Getting a tattoo

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 10

 5) Some teenagers follow fashion trends just to
show off impress others.
6) For many teenagers the shopping mall is a place
to hang out spend their free time.
7) Many people feel the pressure to buy trendy
fashionable clothes.
8) Most teenagers cannot afford to buy pricey
expensive things with their pocket money.
9) Online shops offer such a wide choice that it is
difficult to pick choose the right thing.

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 11

 A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
READING task 12-18
1. The same word is omitted in each sentence. What is it? Fill in
the gaps in the quotes and discuss them with your partner. Do
they relate to you? In what way?
―A good laugh and a long ________ are the best cures
in the doctor‘s book.‖
―Happiness consists of getting enough _____. Just that,
nothing more.‖
―Some people can‘t _______ because they have
insomnia. I can‘t _______ because I have internet.‖
2. Answer the questions. Work with your partner.
1 Are you tired at the moment? Did you feel refreshed
when you woke up today?
2 What time did you go to bed last night? Do you often
stay up late?
3 How often do you oversleep? What can disturb your
sleep?
4 What time do you set your alarm clock for?
5 Do the things below help you sleep? Why / Why not?
Herbal tea / fluffed pillows / dark and quiet room / reading
/ playing phone games / listening to music / hot milk / soft
lighting
3. Complete the sentences with your own ideas:
1 A good night sleep is an impossible dream for modern
people because…
2 Sleep hygiene involves …
3 The alarming findings based on surveys show that …
4 Lack of quality sleep results in …
5 Scientists hope that attitude to sleep will change and
people will …
4. Read the article and check your ideas.
A GOOD NIGHT’S SLEEP – AN IMPOSSIBLE DREAM?
Tonight, do yourself a favour. Shut off the TV, log off the
Internet and unplug the phone. Relax, take a bath, maybe
sip some herbal tea. Then move into the bedroom. Set
your alarm clock for a time no less than eight hours in the
future, fluff up your pillows and lay your head down for a
peaceful night of restorative sleep. That‘s what doctors
advise. Worryingly, a very concerning number of people
get too little sleep and too few people practise sleep
hygiene which involves little things that people can do
without professional help, like ensuring the room is dark
and quiet, getting to bed at the same time every night,
reading a book, which is a proven relaxant, and not
t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english
looking at bright screens, such as the TV or computer, for
an hour before they go to bed as that will disturb sleep.
Sleep experts are sounding an alarm over sleep deficit.
One in three workers suffer from poor sleep with stress,
computers and taking work home blamed for the lack of
quality sleep. Some employees get fewer than five hours
sleep a night, only one in seven feel completely refreshed
when they wake and more women have poor shut-eye
than men.
The extent of inadequate rest has prompted fears that
many people are too tired to do their jobs properly, with
some so sleep-deprived their brains are as confused as if
they had consumed too much alcohol. The growing
tendency for employees to do extra work in the evenings
and at weekends also seems to be linked to poor sleep.
More people ignore the golden hour before they go to
sleep, and they are paying the price - their sleep isn't
refreshing and they end up in a vicious cycle of fatigue,
poor productivity and then feeling that they have to do the
same again the next day to compensate.
Not only are people working longer days – and,
increasingly, nights, they are playing longer, too, as TV
and the Internet expand the range of round-the-clock
entertainment options. By some estimates, people are
sleeping as much as an hour and a half less per night
than they did at the turn of the century – and the problem
is likely to get worse.
The health repercussions of sleep deprivation are not well
understood, but sleep researchers point to illnesses
ranging from heart problems to depression. In a famous
experiment conducted at the University of Chicago in
1988, rats kept from sleeping died after two and a half
weeks. People are not likely to drop dead in the same
way, but sleep deprivation may cost them their lives
indirectly, when an exhausted doctor prescribes the wrong
dosage or a sleepy driver veers into someone‘s lane.
What irritates sleep experts most is the fact that much
sleep deprivation is voluntary. ―It‘s been considered a
mark of very hard work and upward mobility to get very
little sleep. It‘s a macho attitude,‖ says one of them.
Slumber scientists hope that attitude will change. They
say people have learned to modify their behavior in terms
of lowering their cholesterol and increasing exercise.
12
 Doctors also think people need to be educated that
allowing enough time for sleep and taking strategic naps A. The word “restorative” in paragraph 1 means
are the most reliable ways to promote alertness behind 1) quickening
the wheel and on the job. 2) healthy
3) damaging
4) weakening
5. Read the article again and do the tasks.

1. The advice of doctors is all about B. The word “shut-eye” in paragraph 1 means
1) ways to reduce negative effect of modern 1) dreaming
technologies. 2) insomnia
2) complex measures that ensure healthy sleep. 3) sleep
3) positive effect of herbal therapy. 4) wake
4) the process of restoring from unexpected
psychological stress. C. The word “fatigue” in paragraph 2 means
1) effort
2 What does ―sleep hygiene‖ NOT involve? 2) routine
1) Professional help. 3) leisure
2) A darkened room. 4) tiredness
3) A relaxing book.
4) Regular bedtime. D. The word “repercussions” in paragraph 4 means
1) effects
3 Which of the following is NOT mentioned among the
reasons for poorer sleep? 2) merits
3) weaknesses
1) Screen time
4) warnings
2) Consumption of alcohol
3) Overworking
4) Nervous tension E. The word “veers” in paragraph 4 means
1) crashes
4 The inadequate nighttime rest of employees might result 2) comes back
in … 3) turns
1) brain damage. 4) stops
2) inefficiency at work.
3) lack of job satisfaction. F. The word “slumber” in paragraph 5 means
4) problems with alcohol. 1) nutrition
2) sleep
5 The phrase ―vicious cycle‖ in paragraph 3 means … 3) fellow
1) a sudden wave of tiredness. 4) physical
2) a course of everyday events.
3) a large amount of extra work. 7. Match the two halves of the collocations:
4) a repetitive cycle of poor sleep consequences. A
6. Scientists researching sleep deprivation proved that fluff up your behavior
1) it inevitably leads to death. practise enough time for sleep
2) its repercussions have finally become predictable. avoid sleep hygiene
3) it is likely to result in cardio or nervous problems. ignore likely to experience fatigue
4) animal and human reactions are almost identical. allow sleep deficit
modify caffeine and energy drinks
7. There is a tendency to sleep less because feel your pillows
1) people want to look tough at any cost. take the golden hour before sleep
2) people think they can reduce sleeping hours without are evening naps
any harm. have dissatisfied with their sleep
3) people have learned to cope with less sleep just as
they have learned to lower cholesterol.
4) otherwise they lose career and social opportunities.
6. Work in pairs. Discuss what you think the underlined words in
the article mean.

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 13

 B 9. Use the ideas from task 8 to write a blog entry Getting
exercise disturbing factors enough sleep is vital for academic success.
avoid the bedroom cool, dark, and quiet
have completely refreshed Don’t forget to mention
cost poor productivity  why adequate sleep is important for students
show some herbal tea  tips on sleep hygiene
keep people their health  things to avoid if you want a good night's sleep
sip vigorously in the evening
study away electronic devices before bed
put too long at the stretch
do not feel inadequate rest

8. Use the collocations from task 7 to complete the table.

SLEEP TIPS

Effects of sleep
Dos Don’ts
deprivation

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 14

 REVISION AND EXTENSION
1. Choose the correct option. Sometimes more than one option
is correct.
Tonight, (1) make/take/do yourself a favour. Shut off the
TV, log off the Internet and (2) unplug/ charge/switch off
the phone. Relax, take a bath, maybe (3) sip/take/do
some herbal tea. Then move into the bedroom. (4) Set/
put / fix your alarm clock for a time no less than eight
hours in the future, fluff up your pillows and (5) lay/ lie/
lower your head down for a peaceful night of restorative
sleep. That‘s what doctors advise. Worryingly, a very
concerning number of people have too little sleep and too
few people (6) ignore/practise/care sleep hygiene which
involves little things that people can do without
professional help, like (7) ensuring/ reassuring/ making
the room is dark and quiet, getting to bed at the same time
every night, reading a book, which is a proven relaxant,
and not looking at bright screens, such as the TV or
computer, for an hour before they go to bed as that will (8)
lose/disturb/interrupt sleep.
Sleep experts are sounding an alarm over sleep deficit.
One in three workers suffer from poor sleep with stress,
computers and taking work home (9)
blamed/praised/criticised for the lack of quality sleep.
Some employees get fewer than five hours sleep a night,
only one in seven feel completely refreshed when they
wake and more women have poor shut-eye than men.
2. Use the correct forms of the words in capitals to complete the
gaps.
The extent of ____________ rest has ADEQUATE
prompted fears that many people are
too tired to do their jobs properly. The
growing tendency for ____________ EMPLOY
to do extra work in the evenings also
seems to be linked to poor sleep.
More people ignore the golden hour
before they go to sleep, and their
sleep isn't __________. FRESH
Unfortunately, they end up in
t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english
a vicious cycle of fatigue and poor
____________. PRODUCT
Not only are people working longer
days – and, ___________, nights, INCREASE
they are playing longer. Nowadays
TV and the Internet expand the range
of round-the-clock entertainment
options.
3.Complete the gaps with the correct form of the verbs.
conduct keep irritate prescribe
increase not understand lower
range educate cost consider
change
The health repercussions of sleep deprivation well
(1)_________, but sleep researchers point to illnesses (2)
_________ from heart problems to depression. In a
famous experiment (3) _________ at
the University of Chicago in 1988, rats (4) _________
from sleeping died after two and a half weeks. People are
not likely to drop dead in the same way, but sleep
deprivation (5) _________ them their lives indirectly, when
an exhausted doctor (6) _________the wrong dosage or a
sleepy driver veers into someone‘s lane.
What (7) __________ sleep experts most is the fact that
much sleep deprivation is voluntary. ―It (8) _________ a
mark of very hard work and upward mobility to get very
little sleep. It‘s a macho attitude,‖ says one of them.
Slumber scientists hope that attitude (9) _________. They
say people have learned to modify their behavior in terms
of (10) _________ their cholesterol and (11) _________
exercise. Doctors also think people need to (12)
_________ that allowing enough time for sleep and taking
strategic naps are the most reliable ways to promote
alertness behind the wheel and on the job.
15
 ANSWER KEYS 1) it inevitably leads to death. (People are not likely to
drop dead)
READING task 12-18 2) its repercussions have finally become predictable.
(The health repercussions of sleep deprivation are not
5. well understood)
1) 2 2) 1 3) 2 4) 2 5) 4 6) 3 7) 1 3) it is likely to result in cardio or nervous problems.
(…sleep researchers point to illnesses ranging from heart
1. The advice of doctors is all about problems to depression)
1) ways to reduce negative effect of modern 4) animal and human reactions are almost identical.
technologies. (People are not likely to drop dead in the same way)
2) complex measures that ensure healthy sleep.
3) positive effect of herbal therapy. 7. There is a tendency to sleep less because
4) the process of restoring from unexpected 1) people want to look tough at any cost. (It’s been
psychological stress. considered a mark of very hard work and upward mobility
to get very little sleep, it’s a macho attitude).
2. What does ―sleep hygiene‖ NOT involve? 2) people think they can reduce sleeping hours without
1) Professional help. (… involves little things that any harm. (Not given in the text)
people can do without professional help). 3) people have learned to cope with less sleep just as
2) A darkened room (…like ensuring the room is dark they have learned to lower cholesterol. (people have
and quiet…). learned to modify their behavior in terms of lowering their
3) A relaxing book (reading a book, which is a proven cholesterol – no information about coping with less sleep)
relaxant). 4) otherwise they lose career and social opportunities.
4) Regular bedtime (…getting to bed at the same time (Not given in the text)
every night…).
6.
3 Which of the following is NOT mentioned among the A. 2) healthy B. 3) sleep C. 4) tiredness
reasons for poorer sleep? D. 1) effects E. 3) turns F. 2) sleep
1) Screen time (…suffer from poor sleep with stress,
computers and taking work home blamed for the lack of 7.
quality sleep). fluff up your pillows exercise vigorously in the
2) Consumption of alcohol evening
3) Overworking (…suffer from poor sleep with stress, practise sleep hygiene avoid disturbing factors
computers and taking work home blamed for the lack of have inadequate rest
quality sleep). avoid caffeine and
4) Nervous tension (…suffer from poor sleep with stress, energy drinks cost people their health
computers and taking work home blamed for the lack of
quality sleep). ignore the golden hour show poor productivity
before sleep
4 The inadequate nighttime rest of employees might result keep the bedroom cool,
in … allow enough time for dark, and quiet
1) brain damage. (Not given in the text) sleep
2) inefficiency at work. (The extent of inadequate rest sip some herbal tea
has prompted fears that many people are too tired to do modify your behavior
their jobs properly) study too long at a stretch
3) lack of job satisfaction. (Not given in the text) feel dissatisfied with their
4) problems with alcohol. (Not given in the text) sleep put away electronic
devices before bed
5 The phrase ―vicious cycle‖ in paragraph 3 means … take evening naps
1) a sudden wave of tiredness. do not feel completely
2) a course of everyday events. are likely to experience refreshed
3) a large amount of extra work. fatigue
4) a repetitive cycle of poor sleep consequences. have sleep deficit

6. Scientists researching sleep deprivation proved that

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 16

 8. REVISION AND EXTENSION
SLEEP TIPS 1
Effects of 1) do 2) unplug/ switch off 3) sip/take 4) set 5)
Dos Don’ts sleep lay 6) practise 7) ensuring 8) disturb / interrupt
deprivation 9) blamed / criticised
sip some herbal tea ignore the golden cost people their
fluff up your pillows hour before sleep health 2.
practise sleep take evening naps do not feel inadequate – employees – refreshing – productivity –
hygiene exercise vigorously completely
avoid caffeine and in the evening refreshed
increasingly
energy drinks study too long at a have sleep deficit
avoid disturbing stretch have inadequate 3.
factors rest 1) are not (well) understood 2) ranging 3) conducted
allow enough time for are likely to 4) kept 5) costs 6) prescribes 7) irritates 8) is
sleep experience fatigue
modify your behavior show poor
considered/has been considered 9) will change 10)
keep the productivity lowering 11) increasing 12) be educated
bedroom cool, dark, feel dissatisfied
and quiet with their sleep
put away electronic
devices before bed

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 17

 THE ENVIRONMENT

WRITING task 38
Essay 1 7) As many as 18% of the respondents think that
Imagine that you are doing a project on what green shopping wisely is the most important green habit.
habits are considered most important in Zetland. You
have found some data on the subject – the results of the
2. Compare the names of the projects:
opinion polls (see the pie chart below).
Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your Project A - What green habits are most popular in
personal opinion on the subject of the project. Zetland
Saving water Project B - What green habits are considered most
and electricity
important in Zetland
Sorting waste 39%
28% Which of the projects is based on a preference survey? Which is
Car-sharing, based on an attitude survey?
cycling
5% Note that sentences 1-6 in task 1 can be used for Project
A (What green habits are most popular in Zetland) and
Avoiding single- cannot (!) be used for Project B (What green habits are
Shopping wisely use plastic
18% considered most important in Zetland)
10%
Which of these words and collocations are good for commenting
Use the following plan: on the results of preference surveys (P)? Which are good to
– make an opening statement on the subject of the write about attitude surveys (A)? Which can be used for both
types (both)?
project;
– select and report 2–3 facts; a) is less favoured
– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your
b) is considerably more popular than
comments; c) is considered
– outline a problem that can arise with going green and d) is viewed as
suggest a way of solving it; e) is ranked the lowest
– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the
f) is the least popular way to
importance of taking on an eco-friendly lifestyle. g) prefer to
h) regard … as
i) tops the list of ….
1. Tick the sentences which can be used for commenting on the j) believe that
data presented in the pie chart above. k) choose to
l) opt for
1) It is clear from the pie chart that 39% of the
respondents prefer to save water and electricity. 3. Some words and phrases have been removed from the essay
2) Interestingly, 10% of those asked try to avoid single- below. Put them back. They are given in the right order. The first
use plastic. one has been done for you. Remember to use capital letters as
well as commas and other punctuation marks if necessary.
3) Avoiding single-use plastic is twice more popular than
car-sharing or cycling (10% and 5% respectively). 1more and more / 2to find out / 3for my project, / 4the
4) More than a quarter of the respondents (28%) choose results of / 5as the most important green habit / 6one fifth
to sort waste to help our planet. of those polled / 7attach the greatest importance to /
5) Saving water and electricity (39%) is the most common 8ranked / 9a closer look at / nearly / 10for the respondents /
green habit in Zetland. respectively / 11that waste should be sorted and recycled /
6) The number of the respondents who save water and 12however / 13widely / 14not always / 15who want to go
electricity (39%) is almost 8 times higher than the figure green / 16skills and guidance / 17and effort-consuming /
for those who opt for car-sharing or cycling (5%).

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 18

 18get disappointed / 19to solve this problem / 20not only / 5. Match 1-16 to a-p to make collocations. Then put these
21but also / 22through workshops and master classes / 23I collocations into the table.
am convinced that / 24for every person / 25we are facing 1) Educate a) the results of some opinion polls
today / to solve the crisis 2) Take b) the greatest importance to
3) Lack c) expensive and effort-consuming ways to
Nowadays more and more people are trying to develop 4) Go back d) about some practical ways to
sustainable habits. I am doing a project what green habits 5) Outline e) to the idea that
are considered most important in Zetland. I have found a 6) Cite (…) f) our habits
pie chart which outlines some opinion polls. 7) Face g) people about environmental issues
8) Choose h) as the most important green habit
The pie chart shows that 39% of the respondents cite 9) Attach i) a green lifestyle
saving water and electricity. Almost 18% shopping wisely. 10) Get used j) greener lives
Apparently, car-sharing and cycling are the lowest, at 5%. 11) Take k) knowledge, skills and guidance
12) Promote l) to their old habits
The pie chart reveals that sorting waste is 3 times as 3) Learn m) workshops and master classes
important as avoiding single-use plastic (28% and 10%). 4) Organise n) plastic pollution seriously
This might be down to the fact that people are getting 5) Live o) urgent action
used to the idea. Plastic pollution is often not taken 6) Reconsider p) the environmental crisis
seriously because many people believe that plastic can be
Commenting on
easily recycled. the statistics
Describing the
Although a green lifestyle is promoted, it is easy to adopt. problem
People often lack knowledge. As a result, they choose Describing the
expensive ways to help the planet, and go back to their solution
old habits. Governments and organisations should Conclusion
educate people about environmental issues, show
practical ways to help the environment. 6. Use the ideas from the table and write the essay by yourself.

To conclude, it is very important to take on an eco-friendly Essay 2

lifestyle. The environmental crisis requires urgent action. Imagine that you are doing a project on what people in
We should reconsider our habits and try to live greener Zetland think about zoos. You have found some data on the
lives. subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the pie chart
below).
4. Use the text of the essay to answer a few questions.
Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your
1) Which green habit is the most important for the
respondents? personal opinion on the subject of the project.
2) How many of the respondents attach the greatest
Making animals
importance to shopping wisely? Educating the suffer
3) Are car-sharing and cycling important for the survey public 14%
participants? 27%
4) Is sorting waste important for the survey participants, Using animals
compared to avoiding single-use plastic? Saving endangered simply for
5) Which idea are people getting used to? animals from extinction entertainment
40% 11%
6) What is people‘s attitude to plastic pollution?
7) What is necessary for making it easier to adopt a Doing research
green lifestyle? 8%
8) What mistakes do some people make when trying to
live greener? Use the following plan:
9) How does it make them feel? – make an opening statement on the subject of the project;
10) Who is responsible for educating people about – select and report 2–3 facts;
environmental issues? – make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your
1) What is the best way to learn about some practical comments;
– outline a problem that can arise with keeping animals in
ways to help the planet?
captivity and suggest a way of solving it;
2) What should we do to solve the environmental crisis? – conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the role
of zoos.

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 19

 7. Read paragraphs 2 and 3. Then replace the words in bold with 8. Think about problems that can arise with 1) keeping animals
the words in the box that have a similar meaning. in captivity 2) visiting a zoo.

The pie chart shows that 40% of the respondents think Pair up the phrases to make logical sentences. Do these
that zoos save endangered animals from extinction. sentences describe problems or solutions? Match each problem
Interestingly, a quarter of those polled have a negative with the solution.
attitude to zoos - 14% of the respondents believe that
animals suffer in zoos and another 11% blame zoos for turn zoos into safari parks
using animals only for entertainment. a huge area with many walking routes
to navigate the zoo and keep track of showtimes
According to the pie chart, 27% of the survey participants might be attacked by wild animals
think that zoos educate the public about animals. This is never cross any fence or barrier
over 3 times as high as the proportion of those who prevents animals from having physical exercise and
regard zoos mainly as a place where research is done causes stress
(8%). This might be down to the fact that educational keep an eye on their children at all times
makes it difficult to navigate around and causes confusion
benefits of visiting a zoo are obvious, while serious use a special mobile app
scientific work done in zoos remains hidden from visitors. can be dangerous
animals can roam free, while visitors drive through in cars
prevents animals from having physical exercise and
dying out are of the opinion that number causes stress
data a further more than suffer from a lack of adequate
consider put the blame on big obey all rules and posted signs
clear illustrates explained by
whereas ordinary people are convinced 9. Write paragraphs 4 using the ideas from task 8.
view interviewed another
advantages interesting fact is that 10. Pair up the phrases below to talk about the role of zoos.

inspire people / about conservation issues / to see exotic

and wild animals / the only way / take part / economic
benefits for the community / provide a protected
environment / in breeding programmes / to protect
animals and their habitats / for endangered animals /
generate / educate the public /

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 20

 ANSWER KEYS
WRITING task 38 4.
1. 1) Which green habit is the most important for the
Only sentence 7. respondents? (saving water and electricity)
2) How many of the respondents attach the greatest
2. importance to shopping wisely? (18% - almost one
fifth)
a) is less favoured (P)
3) Are car-sharing and cycling important for the survey
b) is considerably more popular than (P) participants? (Not really, they are ranked the lowest, at
c) is considered (A) 5%)
d) is viewed as (A) 4) Is sorting waste important for the survey participants,
e) is ranked the lowest (both) compared to avoiding single-use plastic? (yes, nearly
f) is the least popular way to (P) 3 times as important)
g) prefer to (P) 5) Which idea are people getting used to? (that waste
h) regard … as (A) should be sorted and recycled)
i) tops the list of …. (both) 6) What is people‘s attitude to plastic pollution? (people
j) believe that (A) don’t take it seriously because they believe that plastic
k) choose to (P) can be easily recycled)
7) What is necessary for making it easier to adopt a
l) opt for (P)
green lifestyle? (knowledge, skills and guidance)
8) What mistakes do some people make when trying to
3. live greener? (choose expensive and effort-consuming
Nowadays more and more people are trying to develop ways to help the planet)
sustainable habits. I am doing a project to find out what green 9) How does it make them feel? (disappointed)
habits are considered most important in Zetland. For my 10) Who is responsible for educating people about
project, I have found a pie chart which outlines the results of environmental issues? (governments and
some opinion polls. organisations)
11) What is the best way to learn about some practical
The pie chart shows that 39% of the respondents cite saving ways to help the planet? (through workshops and
water and electricity as the most important green habit. master classes)
Almost one fifth of those polled (18%) attach the greatest 12) What should we do to solve the environmental crisis?
importance to shopping wisely. Apparently, car-sharing and (take urgent action, take on an eco-friendly lifestyle,
cycling are ranked the lowest, at 5%. reconsider our habits)
A closer look at the pie chart reveals that sorting waste is 5.
nearly 3 times as important for
1) g 2) o/n 3) k 4) l 5) a 6) h 7) p 8) c 9) b 10)
the respondents as avoiding single-use plastic (28% and 10%
respectively). This might be down to the fact that people are e 11) n/o 12) i 13) d 14) m 15) j 16) f
Commenting Describing Describing Conclusion
getting used to the idea that waste should be sorted and
on the the problem the solution
recycled. Plastic pollution, however, is often not taken statistics
seriously because many people believe that plastic can be outline the lack promote a take urgent
easily recycled. results of knowledge, green lifestyle action
some opinion skills and
Although a green lifestyle is widely promoted, it is not always polls guidance
easy to adopt. People who want to go green often lack educate
knowledge, skills and guidance. As a result, they choose attach the choose people about reconsider
expensive and effort-consuming ways to help the planet, get greatest expensive and environmental our habits
disappointed and go back to their old habits. To solve this importance to effort- issues
problem, governments and organisations should not only consuming
cite (…) as ways to
educate people about environmental issues, but also show
the most learn about
practical ways to help the environment through workshops important go back to some practical live greener
and master classes. green habit their old ways to lives
habits
To conclude, I am convinced that it is very important for get used to organise
every person to take on an eco-friendly lifestyle. The the idea that workshops
environmental crisis we are facing today requires urgent and master face the
action. We should reconsider our habits and try to live greener take plastic classes environmenta
lives to solve the crisis. pollution l crisis
seriously

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 21


7.
The pie chart illustrates that 40% of the respondents are
of the opinion that that zoos save endangered animals
from dying out. Another interesting fact is that a
quarter of those interviewed have a negative attitude to
zoos - 14% of the respondents consider that animals
suffer in zoos and a further 11% put the blame on zoos
for using animals only for entertainment.
According to the data, 27% of the survey participants are
convinced that zoos educate the public about animals.
This is more than 3 times as high as the number of
those who view zoos mainly as a place where research is
done (8%). This might be explained by the fact that
educational advantages of visiting a zoo are clear,
whereas serious scientific work done in zoos remains
hidden from ordinary people.
8.
A problem with keeping animals in captivity:
 prevents animals from having physical exercise and
causes stress
 suffer from a lack of adequate space
A solution to this problem:
 turn zoos into safari parks
 animals can roam free, while visitors drive through in
cars
A problem with visiting a zoo:
 can be dangerous
 might be attacked by wild animals
A solution to this problem:
 obey all rules and posted signs / keep an eye on
their children at all times
 never cross any fence or barrier
A problem with visiting a zoo:
t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english
 a huge area with many walking routes
 makes it difficult to navigate and causes
confusion
A solution to this problem:
 use a special mobile app
 to navigate the zoo and keep track of showtimes
A problem that can arise with keeping animals in
captivity
Animals kept in captivity suffer from a lack of adequate
space, which prevents animals from having physical
exercise and causes stress. To solve this problem, we
should turn zoos into safari parks, where animals can
roam free, while visitors drive through in cars.
A problem that can arise with visiting a zoo
Zoos usually have a huge area with many walking routes,
which makes it difficult to navigate around and causes
confusion. To solve this problem, visitors should use a
special mobile app to navigate the zoo and keep track of
showtime.
A problem that can arise with visiting a zoo
Visiting a zoo can be dangerous because visitors might be
attacked by wild animals. The best solution is to obey all
rules and posted signs and never cross any fence or
barrier. Parents should keep an eye on their children at all
times.
3. Possible answer
For many people, visiting a zoo is the only way to see
exotic and wild animals. Zoos educate the public about
conservation issues and inspire people to protect animals
and their habitats. In addition, zoos provide a protected
environment for endangered animals and take part in
breeding programmes. Besides, zoos generate economic
benefits for the community.
22
 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
READING task 11
GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY tasks 19-36
1. Find the names of gadgets and devices hidden in the chain.
Which of them do you own? Can you remember any other
devices? Which of the devices do you use most often?
Mobiledsprinteroiheadphonesmeslaptoplptabl
eojwdesktopflashdrivecomlawebcammupower
bank
2. What devices are described below?
1. A/an ________ is a small computer which has an
all-in-one design, with a built-in monitor,
keyboard, touchpad (which replaces the mouse),
and speakers. It is powerful enough to handle
difficult tasks, run the same software as a
desktop computer and open the same types of
files.
2. A / an _____________ is a handheld device that
allows you to read digital books (‘e-books’),
magazines, newspapers or documents. It has
exceptional battery life, which gives you weeks of
3. What advantages of the gadgets are mentioned in task 2?
4. Match the questions and the answers:
1) What does all-in-one mean in a laptop?
2) What is a built-in keyboard?
3) What is battery life?
4) What is a reading mode?
5) What is a wireless device?
6) What is storage capacity?
7) What is GPS?
8) What is an app?
9) What is a portable device?
5. Reread the description of the devices in task 2 and answer
the questions. If there is no information, write NS.
According to the texts, which device…
a) helps to fight deforestation?
b) comes in handy when you want to adopt a healthy
lifestyle?
c) causes less strain on the eyes?
d) is easy to upgrade, repair and customise?
e) helps you to perform the same task at a lower cost?
f) helps you to find your way in an unfamiliar place?
t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english
uninterrupted reading. ________ are cheaper
than their paper equivalents, save trees in the
forest and shelf space in your home, and enables
you to select a reading mode that is the most
suitable for your eyes.
3. A / an ___________ is a wireless, portable
computer with a touchscreen interface. It has a
low storage capacity and is primarily used for
entertainment and "light" tasks—watching
movies and browsing the internet. It‘s very light
and easy to travel around with.
4. A/an __________ is a device that functions as a
mini-computer, a portable media player, a digital
camera, and a GPS navigation device.
5. A/an ________________ is a wearable
computer, worn on the wrist. It uses
a touchscreen, offers apps, and often serves as
a fitness tracker which records your steps,
calories, heart rate and other vital signs.
a) The length of time your device runs before it needs to be recharged.
b) The one which allows you to change the colour and size of the
letters to reduce eye strain and make the text easier to navigate.
c) The one which is easy to carry or to move.
d) Combining all desktop components in one device.
e) A system which uses satellite signals to track a receiver‘s location.
f) A type of software that can be installed and run on a device.
g) The one which can receive and transmit data without a physical
connection.
h) The one which is part of the device.
i) The amount of information that can be held in a memory system.
g) weighs next to nothing?
h) is similar to a desktop computer in terms of
functionality?
i) has limited battery life?
6. Match the words from A with the words from B to get
compound nouns and collocations. Which of them are spelt as
one word?
battery heart touch (x2) eye key
desk reading storage soft fitness
screen strain pad board mode
ware capacity tracker top rate life
23
 7. Use the words in brackets to make new words and complete 8. Read about the most intriguing and innovative laptops.
the gaps. Complete the gaps 1-7 with the phrases a-i. There are 2
A On average, most laptops will last between 4 to 8 phrases that you don’t need.
hours on a single charge. E-readers, by contrast, have
__________ (EXCEPT) battery life. A _______ (FULL) a) which has two displays hinged in the middle
charged e-reader battery can last up to 2 months. This b) which has been tested
gives users weeks of _______ (INTERRUPT) reading. c) which has recently brought some significant
changes
B A tablet is a _________ (WIRE), portable computer d) which is built into the screen
with a touchscreen interface. It has a low ___________ e) which is shaped
(STORE) capacity and is ____________ (PRIMARY) f) which makes it the lightest and thinnest laptop on the
used for entertainment. market
g) which jump out of the screen
С A smartwatch is a _________ (WEAR) computer, h) which can swivel around 360 degrees
worn on the wrist. It uses a touchscreen, offers apps, i) which fits to the right of the keyboard
and often serves as a _________ (FIT) tracker which
records your steps, calories, heart rate and other vital
signs. It also _______ (ABLE) you to make and receive
calls.

THE MOST INTRIGUING AND INNOVATIVE LAPTOPS

A Asus‘s Vivobook Pro laptop D Lenovo‘s one-

makes glass-free 3D computer of-a-kind
screens a reality. Using an eye- ThinkPad builds
tracking camera system and a the bridge
special lens, (1) between laptops,
___________________, the laptop can accurately display large tablets and foldable phones. Open it, and you have a
a different image for each eye giving the impression of 3D, standard 13-Inch laptop. Remove the magnetically
including objects (2) _____________________________. attached Bluetooth keyboard, and it automatically moves
to portrait mode. Pick it up, straighten it out, and you get a
B The latest Yoga Book 9i landscape monitor. The monitor has the 180-degree hinge
from Lenovo replaces the keyboard mechanism (5) _________________to withstand over
deck of a traditional laptop with a 30,000 open-and-close cycles.
second screen. The full-sized laptop,
(3) _________________________,
can be used on a desk like a traditional laptop, propped up like
a tent, read like a book or folded to be like a tablet. E Lenovo has announced the new
ThinkBook Plus Gen 3, which has
C Meet a ThinkBook Twist with a two screens – a regular one and a
screen (4) ____________________. second one, (6) _____________.
The front is a regular display and the It‘s a fascinating design that
back is a touchscreen. The idea is works well for multitasking. The additional display, (7)
that you could use it for reading and ______________________like a smartphone, is touch-
writing and save a ton of battery life enabled and can be used with an active pen.
while using the monitor side for the rest of your workday.

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 24

 9. Choose the correct option for each gap. Pick it up, straighten it out, and you get a landscape
monitor. The monitor has the 180-degree hinge
Glass-free 3D computer screens have become a reality. A mechanism which has been tested to (4) ___________
special eye-tracking camera system and a special lens over 30,000 open-and-close cycles.
built into the screen allow Asus‘s Vivobook Pro laptop to
display a different image for each eye giving the (1) Lenovo has (5) _______ the new ThinkBook Plus Gen 3,
________ of 3D. which has two screens – a regular one and a second one,
The (2) ______ Yoga Book 9i from Lenovo replaces the which fits to the right of the keyboard. It‘s a fascinating
keyboard deck of a traditional laptop with a second design that works well for multitasking. The additional
screen. This full-sized laptop can be used as a traditional display, which is shaped like a smartphone, is touch-
laptop or as a tablet. enabled and can be used with a pressure (6) ______
active pen.
Lenovo‘s one-of-a-kind ThinkPad builds the bridge
between laptops, large tablets and foldable phones. Open 1 a) view b) impression c) image d) sign
it, and you have a standard 13-Inch laptop. (3) 2 a) last b) late c) latter d) latest
___________ the magnetically attached Bluetooth 3 a) remove b) delete c) extract d) put off
4 a) combat b) cope c) deal d) withstand
keyboard, and it automatically moves to portrait mode. 5 a) published b) informed c) announced d) reported
6 a) sensible b) sensual c) sensitive d) sensor
1)
10. Read the fact file and put the words in brackets at the end 11. Choose one of the two words on the right and change its form
of the sentences into the right place in the sentences. to complete the gaps.

Fact file The first laptop, Osborne 1

 Laptops got their name because they were small and computer, _______ to the public RELEASE / MAKE
light to be placed on someone‘s lap (ENOUGH). In fact, in 1981.
laptops actually generate a significant amount of heat,
which can become uncomfortable if you keep a laptop on It ______ less than 24.5 pounds. WEIGHT / WEIGH
your lap, legs or stomach for periods of time
Standard laptops have a lid with
(EXTENDED).
the screen and a base PLACE / HOUSE
 The first laptops were released to the public around the __________ the keyboard and
time of the 1980's, but laptops as a new technology did touchpad.
not gain popularity around the 1990's (UNTIL).
 Most laptop computers open like a book, revealing the Some manufacturers have gone
display and keyboard inside (HOUSED). _______ and created dual- LONG / FAR
 Laptops are designed to be computers, so they are screen models.
smaller and lighter than desktops. (PORTABLE) The older the laptop, the SLOWLY /
__________ it runs. CONTINUOUSLY
 Most laptops have a lifespan of only three to five years.
It‘s time to buy a new laptop if you have trouble with
multitasking or new versions of your favourite apps It‘s ________ to replace the UNDERSTANDABLE
(RUNNING). You might also notice that the battery holds laptop than to repair or upgrade it. / CHEAP
a charge, the fan is too noisy and the laptop is too hot
(NO LONGER). It‘s cheaper to replace the laptop than to
repair or upgrade it.
 In 2023, five laptop manufacturers stand from the rest
(OUT). Unsurprisingly, Lenovo tops the list with 25% of
the market share. This is followed closely by HP Inc
(22%). Dell holds 17% of the market share and Apple
stands at 9% (MEANWHILE). Taking fifth place, Acer
has secured 8% of the global laptop market in 2023, of
Asus, Samsung and other laptop manufacturers
(AHEAD).

t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english 25

 ANSWER KEYS
READING task 11
1.
Mobile / printer / headphones / laptop / desktop / flash
drive / webcam /power bank
2.
laptop / e-reader / tablet / smartphone / smartwatch
4.
1) d 2) h 3) a 4) b 5) g 6) i 7) e 8) f 9) c
5.
a) helps to fight deforestation? (an e-reader – ‗save trees
in the forest‘)
b) comes in handy when you want to adopt a healthy
lifestyle? (a smartwatch - ‗serves as a fitness tracker
which records your steps, calories, heart rate and other
vital signs)
c) causes less strain on the eyes? (an e-reader - ‗select
a reading mode that is the most suitable for your eyes‘)
d) is easy to upgrade, repair and customise? (NS)
e) helps you to perform the same task at a lower cost?
(an e-reader - ‗cheaper than their paper equivalents‘)
f) helps you to find your way in an unfamiliar place? (a
smartphone with a GPS navigation device)
g) weighs next to nothing? (a tablet – ‗it‘s light‘)
h) is similar to a desktop computer in terms of
functionality? (a laptop - ‗run the same software as a
desktop computer and open the same types of files‘)
i) has limited battery life? (NS)
6.
Spelt as one word: touchscreen, touchpad, keyboard,
software, desktop.
Spelt with a space in between them: heart rate, storage
capacity, battery life, reading mode, eye strain, fitness
tracker
7.
A) exceptional / fully / uninterrupted
B) wireless / storage / primarily
C) wearable / fitness / enables
t.me/julia_glushko_ege @plan_it_teach_it @Julia_glushko_english
GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY tasks 19-36
8. 1d, 2g, 3a, 4h, 5b, 6i, 7e
9.
1) b 2) d 3) a 4) d 5) c 6) c
10.
Fact file
 Laptops got their name because they were small
and light ENOUGH to be placed on someone‘s lap. In
fact, laptops actually generate a significant amount of
heat, which can become uncomfortable if you keep a
laptop on your lap, legs or stomach for EXTENDED
periods of time.
 The first laptops were released to the public around
the time of the 1980's, but laptops as a new
technology did not gain popularity UNTIL around the
1990's.
 Most laptop computers open like a book, revealing
the display and keyboard HOUSED inside.
 Laptops are designed to be PORTABLE computers,
so they are smaller and lighter than desktops.
 Most laptops have a lifespan of only three to five
years. It‘s time to buy a new laptop if you have trouble
with multitasking or RUNNING new versions of your
favourite apps. You might also notice that the battery
NO LONGER holds a charge, the fan is too noisy and
the laptop is too hot. It‘s cheaper to replace the laptop
than to repair or upgrade it.
 In 2023, five laptop manufacturers stand OUT from
the rest. Unsurprisingly, Lenovo tops the list with 25%
of the market share. This is followed closely by HP Inc
(22%). Dell, MEANWHILE, holds 17% of the market
share and Apple stands at 9%. (возможный
вариант MEANWHILE, Dell holds … ) Taking fifth
place, Acer has secured 8% of the global laptop
market in 2023, AHEAD of Asus, Samsung and other
laptop manufacturers.
11.
was released / weighed / housing / further / more slowly /
cheaper
26
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